JP2020536441A - Systems including gateways that receive sensor data and related methods - Google Patents

Abstract

A system that includes a data storage server, a service provider server, and a gateway that includes transceivers configured to operate at power levels below 5.0 mW, where the gateway is programmed by the application and the service provider server is the data storage. Communicate with the server, the gateway communicates with the data storage server, the data storage server generates the first token, receives the record from the service provider server, issues the first token to the service provider server, and the service provider. The data storage server is configured to receive sensor data from the gateway, the gateway is configured to receive the first token from the server, the gateway is running the application, and the transceiver is from a sensor or from multiple sensors. The data storage server is configured to issue a second token to the gateway after receiving the sensor data from the gateway, and the data storage server further receives the received sensor data to the data storage server. The system is provided, which is configured to store the sensor data stored in or received in the service provider server, and the token transactions of the first token and the second token are stored in the system. Related methods are also provided. [Selection diagram] FIG. 10

Description

The art of the present invention relates to systems and related methods including gateways that receive sensor data.

There are billions of devices in the world today that are connected and collect sensor data. It is possible to collect sensor data at a specific location, store that data, analyze the stored data, and obtain results that cannot be obtained by other methods. However, as a major obstacle, users of connected devices, or providers of services used by connected devices, are reluctant to provide sensor data from connected devices. Or it may not be ambitious, because the user or provider is concerned about the security of the sensor data after it has been provided. Another concern is that if some payment is promised to the user or provider for the data provision, the payment may not be made, or the recording of the amount of sensor data provided is incorrect and the payment is inherent. There may be less possibility. Another problem is that when collecting large amounts of sensor data, for example, many long-range wireless data links require a huge amount of time, unacceptable energy usage can be required.

Therefore, the user of the connectable device, or the provider of the service used by the connectable device, trusts the security of the sensor data after the user or the provider provides the sensor data, and also provides the sensor data. If any payment or reward is promised to the user or provider, connect with confidence that the payment or reward will be given and that the payment amount or reward is accurate due to the correct record of the amount of data provided. There is a need for a system that can provide sensor data from a device with the ability to use a small amount of energy.

Description of Related Techniques EP2741468A1 and EP274146B1 disclose user data annotation methods, terminal devices, and servers, respectively. The method is the location information of the first user corresponding to the first terminal device, the behavior information of the first user, and each on the first terminal device transmitted by the first terminal device in the process of the game. The sensor data of the sensor is received by the server, and the server obtains the comment data of the first user by annotating the position information of the first user, the behavior information of the first user, and the sensor data. Including to do. With the present technology disclosure, the amount of annotation data can be increased, and the limitation in the application of user behavior recognition can be overcome.

EP2670108A1 and EP2670108B1 each disclose a pluggable module configured to be connected to a pluggable port of a radio base station. The pluggable module is associated with at least one sensor that collects external sensor data. The pluggable module comprises at least one communication interface, a processor, and a memory for storing software containing computer program code, and when the computer program code is executed on the processor, the pluggable module is associated with the pluggable module. Pre-designated external sensor data is collected from at least one sensor, and the collected external sensor data is communicated to the central server via at least one communication interface.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the system includes a data storage server, a service provider server, and a gateway including a transceiver configured to operate at a power level of less than 5.0 mW. Programmed in the application, the service provider server communicates with the data storage server, the gateway communicates with the data storage server, the data storage server generates a first token, receives records from the service provider server, and the service provider server. Issuated to the first token and is configured to receive the first token from the service provider server, the data storage server is configured to receive sensor data from the gateway, the gateway is running the application, A data storage server is configured to receive sensor data from a sensor or from multiple sensors via a transceiver and the data storage server issues a second token to the gateway after receiving sensor data from the gateway. Is further configured to store the received sensor data in the data storage server or the received sensor data in the service provider server, and the token transactions of the first token and the second token are stored in the system. The system is provided. For example, the Bluetooth Class 2, Bluetooth Class 3, and Bluetooth Class 4 transceivers all operate at power levels below 5.0 mW.

The system is configured to use a small amount of energy to collect sensor data and record the collection of sensor data, which has the advantage of enabling energy efficient collection of large amounts of sensor data. ..

The sensor data can be a system where the sensor data is stored using the blockchain system, the token transactions of the first token and the second token are stored using the blockchain system, data storage server, service provider. The server and gateway are nodes registered in the blockchain system. Since the sensor data is stored using the blockchain system, there is an advantage that the sensor data can be stored safely. Since the token transaction is stored using the blockchain system, there is an advantage that the token transaction is stored safely. The advantage is that sensor data and transaction data are securely stored in the same blockchain system, that is, transactions are very accurately associated with their respective sensor data storage activities.

The transceiver can be a system configured to operate at power levels below 3.0 mW. It has the advantage of improving the energy efficiency of sensor data collection.

The transceiver can be a system configured to operate at power levels below 1.0 mW. It has the advantage of improving the energy efficiency of sensor data collection.

The transceiver can be a system, which is a Bluetooth transceiver. The advantage is operability with various sensors.

The gateway can be a system, which is a mobile computing device. Gateways have the advantage of being able to collect sensor data as they move.

The mobile computing device can be a system, which is a smartphone, tablet computer, or laptop computer. Gateways have the advantage of providing a wide range of functionality.

The gateway can be a system, which is a non-mobile device.

The gateway can be a system configured to use a Bluetooth mesh network. The advantage is the ability to collect more sensor data.

The gateway can be a system that includes additional transceivers.

Additional transceivers may be systems configured to operate at power levels above 50 mW. The ability to transmit more data is an advantage over what is possible using a transceiver.

The gateway can be a system configured to communicate with a data storage server using additional transceivers.

Further transceivers can be systems, such as cellular transceivers, eg LPWAN transceivers.

The transceiver can be a system configured to use advertising (beacon) one-way communication from the sensor to the gateway.

The transceiver can be a system configured to use the mesh Bluetooth protocol. The advantage is the ability to collect more sensor data.

The system can be a system that includes a sensor.

When the sensor is not connected to the gateway, it sends a beacon advertising signal and the gateway application sets the geofence zone on all low power (less than 5.0mW) sensors so that the gateway is in the sensor advertising signal zone. Each time you enter, the gateway executes part of the application code, and this part of the code is responsible for data routing, so the gateway connects to the sensor, downloads the sensor data, and downloads the sensor data (eg, in the cloud). ) It can be a system that sends to the destination.

The transceiver can be a system configured to use bidirectional communication between a sensor trusted by the gateway and a gateway trusted by the sensor.

The sensor can be a system that includes an ID associated with the system.

The gateway may be a system that confirms an ID against the system ledger and the system includes the ledger.

It can be a system where the gateway verifies the secure key in the gateway's internal memory and all data sent through the gateway is end-to-end encrypted.

It can be a system in which data cannot be read until the user has the required keys on the sensor.

The sensor key can be a system used for accurate clearing of the amount of data transmitted.

A plurality of Bluetooth sensors may be a system capable of connecting to a plurality of gateways, which acts as gateways to sensor data destinations.

Utility meters, parking sensors, water / gas leak detectors, firing detectors, air quality sensors, weather sensors, attendance counters, emergency buttons, public transport trackers, street lighting, traffic signals, residential and office security sensors, asset tracking The system can include a Bluetooth sensor that includes a sensor in one or more of an instrument, an electric meter, a solar / radiation meter, a vibration sensor.

The system can be a system that includes a plurality of LPWAN gateways and a plurality of LPWAN sensors that can connect to the plurality of LPWAN gateways.

It can be a system that does not require a particular sensor to be combined with a particular gateway.

It could be a system where the storage of sensor data is recorded in a common ledger and creates transparent payment claims.

The token can be a system, which is a crypto token.

The system can be a system that also provides interoperable and transparent connectivity to cities, individual homes, and large businesses.

A system that includes multiple gateways, where multiple gateways communicate with a data storage server, each gateway contains a transceiver configured to operate at a power level of less than 5.0 mW, and each gateway is an application. Programmed, the data storage server is configured to receive sensor data from the gateway, each gateway runs its own application and receives sensor data through its respective transceiver, and the data storage server is the gateway. It is configured to issue a second token to the gateway after receiving sensor data from, and the data storage server also stores the received sensor data in the data storage server or stores the received sensor data in the service provider server. The token transaction of the first token and the second token can be a system stored in the system. It has the advantage that sensor data can be collected using a large number of gateways. The advantage is that a large number of gateways are specified by the system to receive a second token in connection with sending sensor data to the data storage server.

The transceiver can be a system configured to operate at power levels below 3.0 mW. It has the advantage of improving the energy efficiency of sensor data collection.

The transceiver can be a system configured to operate at power levels below 1.0 mW. It has the advantage of improving the energy efficiency of sensor data collection.

The sensor data is stored using the blockchain system, the token transactions of the first token and the second token are stored using the blockchain system, and the gateway is a node registered in the blockchain system. There can be a system. The sensor data collected by the gateway and the transaction data associated with the gateway are securely stored in the same blockchain system, that is, with respect to the gateway, the transaction is very accurately associated with each sensor data storage activity. There is an advantage that it can be done.

The plurality of gateways may be a system including a plurality of LR gateways and a plurality of BLE gateways. It has the advantage of being able to receive sensor data for both short-range connections and long-range connections that cover a wide range of connection distances.

The gateway can be a system configured to receive sensor data from multiple devices registered with the service provider server. There is an advantage that sensor data can be received from a large number of devices.

A system that includes multiple service provider servers, where the service provider server communicates with the data storage server, which generates a first token, receives records from the service provider server, and sends it to the service provider server. It is configured to issue the first token and receive the first token from the service provider server, the token transaction of the first token is stored using the blockchain system, and the service provider server is the blockchain. It can be a system, which is a node registered in the system. The sensor data associated with the service provider server and the transaction data associated with the service provider server are securely stored in the same blockchain system, i.e. for the service provider server, the transaction is very sensitive to each sensor data storage activity. There is an advantage that it can be accurately associated with.

According to a second aspect of the invention, a method of storing transaction and acquired sensor data in a system using a transceiver configured to operate at a power level of less than 5.0 mW is provided and the system. Includes a data storage server, a service provider server, and a gateway, the gateway contains a transceiver configured to operate at power levels below 5.0 mW, the gateway is programmed in the application, and the service provider server is Communicate with the data storage server, the gateway communicates with the data storage server, how
(I) The step that the data storage server generates the first token,
(Ii) A step in which the data storage server receives a record from the service provider server, issues a first token to the service provider server, and receives the first token from the service provider server.
(Iii) A step of executing an application to receive sensor data from a sensor or from multiple sensors via a transceiver configured to operate at a power level of less than 5.0 mW.
(Iv) When the data storage server receives the sensor data from the gateway,
(V) A step in which the data storage server issues a second token to the gateway after receiving sensor data from the gateway.
(Vi) A step in which the data storage server stores the received sensor data in the data storage server or stores the received sensor data in the service provider server.
(Vii) Includes a step of storing the token transaction of the first token and the second token in the system.

It can be a method comprising the step of using the system of any aspect of the first aspect of the invention.

Here, an aspect of the present invention will be described as an example (s) with reference to the following figures.

Examples of applicable fields are shown. Vendor X illustrates an embodiment that allows the use of multiple consumer devices. Multiple consumer devices provide data (eg, sensor data), which is transmitted to a gate pool that includes an LR gateway and a BLE gateway. The gate pool transfers data to the platform's master node for verification. Within the interconnected masternodes, the vendor X node performs transmission recording, billing, billing, and data storage activities. After validation, if the masternode approves, the approval is sent back to the gate pool, the data is sent to the user web service, user app, vendor analysis tool, or vendor software, and the transaction is recorded using the blockchain. .. An embodiment is shown in which a vendor having an ID obtained by registering with the platform makes a consumer device available. The vendor pays by sending the platform token to the reward pool on the platform. These consumer devices are used by users. These consumer devices generate data and the data is sent to the gateway operated by the gateway owner. The gateway owner provides the received data to the platform. Payment requests are made by the master node (not shown). The gateway owner receives tokens from the platform's bounty pool in response to invoices sent by the gateway to the vendor. An exemplary application area is shown. An embodiment is shown in which the sensor in the consumer device transmits the sensor data to the user's smartphone via BLE, and then the user's smartphone transmits the sensor data to the platform. Sensors in other consumer devices send sensor data to the user's gateway via LoRaWAN, which in turn sends the sensor data to the platform. A solution comparison is presented as an example of the platform. Examples of supply chain applications are shown. An example of a single product ecosystem is shown. FIG. 9A shows an embodiment of a BLE tracking and counting sensor. FIG. 9B shows an embodiment of a BLE path tracking sensor. FIG. 9C shows an embodiment in which sensors are placed on roads along villages / cities and bus routes. An embodiment is shown in which a smartphone collects data from distributed sensors via BLE, the smartphone is used as a gateway, and data can be collected when the smartphone is within the BLE range of the sensor. An exemplary downlink flow is shown. An exemplary token flow is shown. An exemplary payment claim system may include up to six individual blockchains (DeviceVendorMapping, DeviceType, PrinceList, Transport, Invoice (including InvoiceData), and Payment), if desired.

A unified blockchain-based security protocol for machine-to-machine (M2M) communications Brief Description Today's smartphone and personal computer (PC) users subscribe to several services (eg, security services). Most are operated by membership registration. These include health monitoring, smartphone and PC security apps, parental control systems, and home / business security. In one embodiment, the proposed system provides a three-layer server structure that unifies data from all services under a single account, and provides a secure data exchange service while making payment requests using cryptocurrencies. Provide an internal environment.

System Configuration In one embodiment, the system is based on the concept of cryptocurrency and blockchain storage. An environment is created for free (eg Ethereum or similar) blockchain-based token circulation of the following two types of tokens.
1. 1. Producer Token-A token issued only once to the service provider. It is purchased by companies that own different applications (eg, security applications) and hardware to join the system.
2. 2. End User Token-An alternative to dollar value membership fees. This is tied to both the proposed distributed environment of the system and the dollar value of transaction payments. This token can be issued based on low availability.

Cryptographic tokens use a circulation system known as blockchain. The blockchain is the public ledger of all token transactions executed so far. This is constantly increasing with the addition of "completed" blocks by the new set of records. For the blockchain, blocks are added in linear chronological order.

In one embodiment, each node (for example, a computer connected to the system network with a client performing a task that validates and relays transactions) eventually gets a complete copy of the blockchain, which Is automatically downloaded when you join the network. The blockchain has complete information about the address and its balance, from the origin block to the recently completed block.

In one embodiment, a typical operational cycle includes a computing node, a server, a device that sends data, and a sensor that produces data. The security device transfers data to the system via the services of the first layer. The data is aggregated and transferred to the common environment via the second layer. The data is then stored via the blockchain system. In an exemplary embodiment, a single token acts as a transaction confirmation and is used to perform a transaction. The blockchain ensures that every transaction is unique and secure. There is no way to tamper with the information after the data transfer is complete.

In one embodiment, the first deployment stage is an ICO (Initial Coin Offering). During this stage, the service offers companies the possibility to purchase tokens to participate in the system. In one embodiment, firms can purchase 20% of all available tokens, the remaining 80% being retained within the system control program and distributed as the number of firms involved increases. .. Companies that purchase large numbers of tokens can become members of the governing board, and a group of governors can implement the proposed changes to influence fees within the system.

In one embodiment, the end user token is continuously issued as needed, which is reusable and serves as a form of payment to the provider. Providers can then sell it to each other and to users while exchanging it for traditional currency.

In one embodiment, the system can survive both with and without additional issuance. Decisions regarding additional issuance must be made within the operational cycle. With the development of the system, it is expected that more companies will participate in the system. The value of a single provider token is high when any company participates, as the number of single provider tokens is limited and can only be replenished by the system's servers.

Companies that own a large number of tokens can be included in the management committee. This committee is the only governing body of the system. It represents the community and can act through the decisions of the Commission. The decisions made by the Commission include, but are not limited to:
1. 1. Additional issuance 2. Decisions on the interests of the community 3. Use and Limits of Blockchain In this way, the user remains in control. This decentralized concept gives users the right to secure their personal information. After being uploaded to the blockchain, the user's data cannot be tampered with. The data is in a secure state and can only be accessed by this user. All decisions regarding the use of this information by the two services or the sharing of this information in any way are made by the user, not by any operational service or third party company. Ordinary users can express their interests and concerns to the Commission and raise suggestions for any issues they may have.

IoT Connection Platform, For example, Global IoT Connection Platform In one embodiment, the platform is a blockchain platform that connects many things. The platform is a blockchain decentralized platform at the top of multiple connectivity solutions for the Internet of Things (IoT).

In one embodiment, the platform is built to be a domain name system of things (DNS), which integrates various connectivity standards and connects devices around the world (eg billions of devices). It is a platform. The platform uses crowdsourcing to increase coverage and facilitate operators to easily adopt IoT technology in the most cost-effective way. The platform brings together vendors and users, gateway owners, and devices to improve the spread of global IoT network coverage.

Benefits of the IoT Market Easy global expansion of existing IoT businesses with the platform No need to negotiate with networks around the world to expand geographically. Manufacturers can sell their devices around the world. Businesses and integrators can extend local success stories to the global market.

Easy integration of IoT into any business by platform In one embodiment, all devices present in the platform ledger are automatically connected to the network. In one embodiment, all devices present in the platform ledger and paid for are automatically connected to the network. If the device is not paid, it will not connect to the network and the gateway will not collect data from that device. Companies do not have to negotiate with connectivity providers or deploy new networks if they want to deploy new sensors.

One Example of Exploring New IoT Application Fields with the Platform In one example, low power wide area network (LPWAN) with global coverage and Bluetooth connectivity will enable the integration of sensors in everyday products. These two technologies allow companies to use sensors with low chip costs and long battery life.

Providing a new type of data collection capability to an operator by the platform In one embodiment, the platform Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) may use the customer's smartphone as a mobile gateway. This creates an opportunity for operators to collect more data about their customers' offline behavior. Bluetooth Low Energy (also known as BLE, formerly marketed as Bluetooth Smart) is a wireless personal area designed and marketed by the Bluetooth Special Interest Group, a fitness technology with Bluetooth SIG, and a wireless personal area network It is intended for new applications in the beacon, security, and home entertainment industries. Compared to Classic Bluetooth, Bluetooth Low Energy intends to result in significant reductions in power consumption and cost while maintaining similar coverage.

Examples of platform application areas include smart cities, agriculture, usage data collection, retail, resource management, transportation and logistics, customer experience analysis, and humanitarian assistance. Examples of applicable fields are shown in FIG.

Use Case: Transportation and Logistics Package Delivery Tracking A carrier can provide clients with accessible services that control freight delivery at all stages of the process. The platform may provide logistics companies with worldwide LPWAN and Bluetooth connectivity. LPWAN and Bluetooth sensors are cost effective and have a long battery life. Placing these sensors in a package does not require changes in the delivery process, providing logistics insights to the enterprise while improving the quality of service.

End-to-end visualization of the delivery process For example, tracking products from supplier to client can reduce delivery time and improve transportation efficiency. Detailed data such as inventory elapsed time, delivery time, and inventory time can be collected.

Transportation and Logistics Use Cases: Construction Management and Building Conservation Construction and management companies may be able to seamlessly implement IoT solutions on construction sites or buildings constructed. Sensors connected to the platform can be installed seamlessly. Companies simply place the sensors where they need them. There is no need to deploy a network for the sensors. Any device in the platform ledger can be automatically connected to the network. The construction and management company can, for example,:
(I) Control the opening and closing of manholes, attics, and stairwell spaces in the apartments of the constructed building.
(Ii) Control noise levels and implement automatic closed circuit television (CCTV) solutions in buildings under construction.

Use Cases: Globalization of Retail IoT Solutions Companies with local success stories can expand it globally. The platform does not roam, and one example does not require a device firmware update, so there is no additional cost when a company moves to another region. This can be beneficial for all types of IoT, for example, manufacturers of carbonated beverage refrigeration monitoring equipment. The manufacturer can integrate the temperature sensor and the open / close counter and provide the information from these sensors to the client.

Use Case: Infrastructure sharing platforms give current infrastructure operators the opportunity to earn additional revenue from their existing networks. Infrastructure operators can benefit from sharing their existing networks with other operators and using the networks of other operators. Wide coverage gives existing clients the opportunity to propose new IoT solutions. Network development costs can also be reduced by using the networks of other operators.

Benefits Platforms may provide smart cities with:
(I) Seamless infrastructure deployment Cities can easily deploy networks and then expand coverage when needed.
(Ii) The LR (Long Distance Network), a cost-effective connectivity solution platform, can provide city-scale coverage with only a few gateways.
-Cities can have city-scale platform BLE coverage without actually investing in infrastructure.
(Iii) Easy Integration Cities can seamlessly integrate new IoT solutions. When a new device or sensor is added to the platform ledger, it is automatically given network access.

Exemplary application areas include environmental monitoring, security and safety, parking meters, street lighting, retail solutions, utility services, transportation, waste management, port logistics, and citizen data sharing. An exemplary application area is shown in FIG.

Use Cases: Waste Management Monitoring waste collection in various parts of the city can help manage collection routes. In one example, sensors may be deployed to obtain real-time information about the degree of filling of public recycle bins. In one embodiment, sensors may be deployed to collect real-time information about the degree of filling of the public recycle bin, but the information may not be transferred to the end user in real time. This data makes it possible to further improve the efficiency of the waste collection route.

Use Cases: Wastewater Management Many cities have serious problems with water distribution and management. Cities can reduce water loss by controlling outdoor usage. This is done by installing sensors that track rainfall, humidity, soil composition, terrain, temperature, and sunlight. By combining this data with information on topography and weather forecasts, it is possible to make smarter decisions about irrigation. By acquiring sensor data regarding the water level in the water supply pipe, it is possible to reduce the amount of loss due to leakage and prevent new leakage. Water pressure can be controlled by embedding a sensor in the water pipe of the entire distribution network and connecting the sensor to the pump control system.

Use Case: Energy Energy Conservation Solutions are one of the most well-established IoT applications. Energy management systems rely on smart meters, which relay information about lighting and building energy usage back to the central management system for efficient resource allocation. This data can also be used to identify and address power outages.

Use Cases: Environmental Conditions Cities can install sensors on streetlight posts to monitor environmental conditions, including temperature, noise, and air quality. This data can be used to manage accidents, identify patterns of local weather, and make predictions about vehicle and pedestrian traffic conditions. In addition, these datasets are open to the public, which allows citizens to gain partial community ownership in tracking and addressing local environmental issues.

Use Case: Parking Another common application of IoT is tracking the availability of parking lots. Finding parking spots in big cities can be frustrating for drivers and cause traffic congestion. Cities can use sensors to determine if parking is available. This data is sent directly to the driver via the application and can help guide the driver to available spots faster. This information is also valuable to the city administration, which decides to change the parking system.

Example of Execution Method 1) The platform is integrated into one (for example, unified) virtual network together with the existing IoT network, and it is possible to deploy a new network quickly and seamlessly using crowdsourcing. is there.
2) All devices in the platform ledger are automatically connected to the network. Companies do not have to negotiate with connectivity providers or deploy their own networks if they want to deploy new sensors.
3) The platform brings additional revenue to network and gate owners. Data transfer revenue is distributed to all gate owners, for example, based on the number of connections completed through their gateway.

Platform Architecture Overview Platform software can act as middleware between the gateway and the sensor owner. This ensures that the data is delivered to the right destination and everyone is paid.

In one embodiment, Vendor X enables the use of multiple consumer devices. Multiple consumer devices provide data (eg, sensor data), which is transmitted to a gate pool that includes multiple LR gateways and multiple BLE gateways. The gate pool transfers data to the platform's master node for verification. Within the interconnected masternodes, the vendor X node performs activities such as transmission recording, billing generation, payment billing generation, and data storage. After validation, if the masternode approves, the approval is returned to the gate pool, the data is sent to, for example, the user web service, user app, vendor analysis tool, or vendor software, and the transaction uses the blockchain. Recorded.

An embodiment is shown in FIG.

In one embodiment, the sensor in the consumer device transmits the sensor data to the user's smartphone via BLE, and then the user's smartphone transmits the sensor data to the platform. Sensors in other consumer devices send sensor data to the user's gateway via LoRaWAN, which in turn sends the sensor data to the platform.

The platform can be designed to be protocol independent and can operate with, for example, Bluetooth, as well as LoRa, or any other data transmission protocol.

An embodiment is shown in FIG.

Billing and Payment by the Platform Payment to the gateway owner for each connection made through the owning gateway The manufacturer sells the devices and adds their ID to the platform ledger. The gateway owner gives these devices network access and verifies the identity against the platform ledger. The manufacturer is responsible for paying for the platform invoices issued by the participating gateways. The platform pays network or gateway owners for the services they perform.

In one embodiment, the vendor with the ID obtained by registering with the platform makes the consumer device available. The vendor pays by sending the platform token to the reward pool on the platform. These consumer devices are used by users. These consumer devices generate data and the data is sent to the gateway operated by the gateway owner. The gateway owner provides the received data to the platform. Payment requests are made by the master node. The gateway can protest if a payment request is made incorrectly. Depending on the invoice issued by the gateway to the vendor, the gateway owner receives tokens from the platform's bounty pool.

In one embodiment, the system is provided with the following transmission and billing cycles:
1. 1. Transmission downlink cycle a. The user generates the data.
b. The gateway transfers data to the platform's master node.
2. 2. Transmission uplink cycle a. The vendor's server sends the data to the platform's master node.
b. The platform master node holds the uplink data.
c. The gateway looks for uplink data.
d. The gateway sends the uplink data to the vendor's device.
3. 3. Payment request cycle a. At intervals, for example every two weeks, the platform masternodes generate invoices from the gateway owner to the vendor for the transmission services provided.
b. Each vendor pays each invoice with a platform token.
c. According to the invoice, all tokens will be collected in the bounty pool.
d. After the billing cycle is complete, the gateway owner receives payment from the bounty pool for his data transmission service, according to the invoice and confirmation of the existence of the data transmission service. For example, if the gateway was online for 80 hours but did not transmit any data during the latest billing cycle, the gateway will be paid for the fact that it was online.

An embodiment is shown in FIG.

Reasons to use blockchain Blockchain is used to take advantage of crowdsourcing. Blockchain technology is designed to build distributed services.

Blockchain technology makes it possible to build a distributed network. This network is not owned by anyone, and the platform itself cannot directly affect this network.

Blockchain will reduce costs. There are no administrative, infrastructure, service maintenance, or setup costs.

Blockchain provides a transparent billing system that is ready to use.

Blockchain can utilize distributed storage solutions. All data in a transaction is shared by all members.

Blockchain enables a platform state that does not require permission. The platform integrates the existing network with the newly installed gateway. Anyone can be part of the platform's network and data from the sensors can be transferred using any smartphone or compatible gateway.

One Blockchain Is Not Sufficient One Example A transaction blockchain (eg, Exonum-based) records all data connections and data transfers.

The billing blockchain (eg, Ethereum-based) issues invoices based on information from the transaction blockchain. The billing blockchain does the following:
• Process and record all payments.
-Approve token payments to gateway owners.
The master node approves subsequent data connections between the device and the vendor network.

The connectivity solution platform implements the platform LR and platform BLE solutions, and in one example, these are combined to provide a complete data collection solution for the entire business across multiple countries.

The platform launches with the platform LR and platform BLE (eg, as a kit) and later increases the number of devices offered, including support for other connectivity solutions.

In one embodiment, the platform LR is based on LoRaWAN. It is ideal for industrial and business applications where speed and reliability are important. LoRaWAN is a media access control (MAC) layer protocol that manages communication between LPWAN gateways and endnode devices and is maintained by LoRa Alliance.

The platform LR is based on LoRaWAN technology designed for long-distance communication. The platform integrates the existing LPWAN network and provides incentives for individual gateway owners who can join the platform's network. Any gateway can be added to the network to instantly initiate the transfer of data from the platform's sensors without any technical setup.

The BLE of the platform is based on Bluetooth Low Energy. This is ideal for non-critical consumers and big data applications where large amounts of data are collected for later analysis, as the customer's smartphone acts as a mobile gateway.

The platform's BLE network uses smartphones (eg, civilian smartphones) as BLE gateways based on Bluetooth Low Energy technology. A mobile application with the platform software development kit (SDK) allows any smartphone to transfer data from the smartphone when connected to the platform's sensors without requiring the smartphone user to take additional action.

Platform Solution Features Platform LR
It has the advantage of long battery life and 3 to 50 times longer life than GSM / 3G / 4G networks. Sensors are low cost and cost between $ 5 and $ 15 per sensor. It easily accommodates long distances, has extended efficiency and a wide cell radius (up to 15 km), and does not require the deployment of many cells to accommodate large areas. If you have your own gateway, the data collection cost is close to zero.

Platform BLE
Battery life is long, 1 to 5 years, depending on specific use cases. Sensors are low cost and cost $ 3 to $ 10 per sensor. Data collection costs are very low.

FIG. 6 presents a comparison of solutions such as platforms. 2G and 3G have good communication range and good expandability. However, both 2G and 3G are inferior in battery life and price. WiFi is good in price but inferior in coverage, battery life, and expandability. In contrast, the platforms described herein have good coverage, good battery life, good price, and good scalability.

Blockchain (eg, Global) IoT Connection Platform Expanding the Potential of IoT Billions of devices are already connected to the network and transmitting data. However, about 99% of potential data collection points are still unconnected due to the limitations of current IoT solutions. The platform is designed to connect more things by providing accessible connections and by striving to develop sensors with long battery life and relatively low cost.

DNS of crowdsourced things
In one embodiment, the platform is built to be the default IoT solution that connects billions of devices. The platform integrates sensors everywhere and allows you to collect valuable data from anywhere or from steps in your supply chain. The platform makes it possible to integrate sensors anywhere and collect valuable data by providing accessible connections and committed to the development of sensors with long battery life and relatively low cost. The platform is designed to connect many things by providing accessible connections and by striving to develop sensors with long battery life and relatively low cost.

Examples of supply chain applications include real-time fleet management, cargo integrity monitoring, optimized warehousing workloads, inventory tracking and analysis, end-to-end visualization of delivery processes, smart labels, predictive maintenance, and storage status management. Can be mentioned. An example of supply chain use is shown in FIG.

Use Case: An optimized warehouse workload platform helps to improve the workload of warehouse equipment and assets by creating a connected warehouse system. Warehouse operations can be easily monitored and coordinated down to the level of individual physical assets and stored items.

Use Cases: Single Product Ecosystem Inexpensive sensors combined with multiple connectivity solutions enable a single product ecosystem, which opens up the possibility of analyzing the supply chain at every step. The platform allows suppliers, deliveries, and end clients to be integrated into a single ecosystem. Illustrative embodiments include connected assets, connected fleets, connected infrastructure, connected markets, and connected people. An embodiment of a single product ecosystem is shown in FIG.

Supply chain case studies Platforms can be used in pharmacy supply chain solutions. Many pharmaceutical compounds are very sensitive to temperature. When delivering these to various climatic regions, ultra-compact and lightweight sensors and BLE are used to provide a unique opportunity to manage transport conditions, environment and vaccine safety. The platform makes it possible to track all individual boxes. Data can be collected along the entire delivery route.

The crowdsourcing infrastructure platform crowdsources its infrastructure and data from sensors is transferred using civilian smartphones or any compatible gateway. By installing any app with the platform SDK, or by installing a gateway at home, the citizens themselves become the infrastructure. The platform will make Bluetooth Low Energy and LoRaWAN accessible by crowdsourcing the infrastructure, expanding the network and leveling access conditions.

Very low connection costs Due to the nature of platform infrastructure (eg crowdsourced infrastructure) and blockchain, connection costs can be reduced to near zero. Flexible billing for each connection and low connection costs allow you to collect previously unavailable data. The nature of the platform, which does not require permission, creates near perfect competition, which means the lowest possible price for end users.

The ultra-efficient sensor platform utilizes the energy efficient protocols LPWAN and BLE standards. The platform allows cities to use cheap, small (smaller than stickers) and energy efficient sensors (which last up to 5 years without charging), which can be placed anywhere. The platform allows cities to use cheaper (5-10 times cheaper than GSM), smaller (smaller than stickers) and energy efficient (up to 5 years without charging) sensors. Can be placed anywhere.

Permission Not Required In one embodiment, the platform facilitates the launch of new IoT products due to its permission-free nature. In one embodiment, all devices added to the ledger via the website will be automatically connected. In one embodiment, all devices added to the ledger via the website will be automatically connected and prepaid.

Examples of platform impacts on cities Innovation: Provides an environment for developing innovative IoT businesses in cities.
Happiness: Sharing data with citizens and businesses creates a personalized experience for citizens and businesses.
Efficiency: Automatically managing energy and resource consumption reduces these consumption.
Safety: Improved monitoring and faster response times.

Innovation In one example, the nature of the platform, which does not require permission, is combined with the low fees per transaction to create the perfect environment for deploying new products. Adding the platform to a robust urban ecosystem lays the ultimate foundation for new smart city projects.

Happiness Cases Using the platform as a connectivity standard allows cities to collect more valuable data. This data can be used for big data analysis or shared with citizens or businesses.

Seat use Sensors can be installed in the seats of subway cars and public transport. This information may allow for a more even distribution of passengers in subway cars.
・ Station passengers can select vehicles in consideration of the amount of passengers.
・ Passengers on the train can find seats.

Parking cities can improve their well-being by providing citizens with information about the availability of parking lots. Drivers can be informed of options on better ways to park at their destination, which reduces commuting time and traffic congestion.

Safety Cases The illegal activity detection platform is secure enough to be included in the day-to-day operations of the following emergency services:
Use breakable sensors or multiple usable sensors to control trespassing and container opening.
-Place a thin sticker beacon on the alcohol bottle to record illegal entry into the hotel / bar premises.
Counter Collects data on the amount of people currently occupying public spaces. Useful in an emergency.

Efficiency Cases Smart irrigation Cities can reduce water loss by controlling outdoor usage. This is done by installing sensors that track rainfall, humidity, soil composition, terrain, temperature, and sunlight. Combining this data with information on topography and weather forecasts allows for smarter decisions about irrigation.
Connected Lighting Connected streetlights allow cities to improve the control and performance of all streetlights. This data allows cities to eliminate visual inspections and respond more quickly to problems.

An example of the field of application is shown in FIG.

The platform network can be deployed seamlessly and quickly in new areas.

Examples of smart car insurance This provides a way to improve client loyalty and lifetime value (LTV) using insurance trackers.

Usage-Based Insurance Insurance trackers provide clients with the opportunity to propose driving-based rate plans.
In short, it means that the insurance premium fluctuates according to the behavior of the driver on the road.
Customer Growth: Minimum Starting Fee and Usage-Based Payment Loyalty Program Improvement: Tailor-made pricing plan based on near real-time risk assessment

How it works An insurance tracker is a small sticker with an embedded sensor. It's a size that can be easily used on all types of cars by simply sticking it on the windshield.
The insurance tracker collects and transfers data on the following vehicle usage:
-Number of days the car has been used-Continuous acceleration and deceleration, sharp curves, and lane switching execution-Insurance trackers do not collect personal data.

The technical specification platform provides the technology to collect data via crowdsourcing connections. It works with the BLE technology that every smartphone supports, and the smartphone will automatically become a proximity launch router once the platform SDK app is installed.
Protection content:
・ Data encryption / tampering prevention / removal prevention Operating period: 1-3 years Production cost: $ 3 to $ 4.5 (depending on specific implementation details)
Data transfer protocol: Platform BLE

Use Cases: Domestic Transport Issues Connected to Crowdsourcing: Some organizations (eg, the United Nations) are aiming to improve public transport systems in developing countries. Most problematic countries do not have a complete map of existing routes. Without actual data on passenger movement, the following cannot be achieved:
・ Planning of new routes ・ Additional installation of buses on existing routes

Solution 1: Utilizing the BLE package of the connected transportation platform (one of the platform's solutions), an organization (eg, a government agency or the United Nations) can install sensors on any transportation. it can. The platform provides an internet connection for all sensors in any particular transport. The platform BLE provides a crowdsourced connection. Any smartphone located sufficiently close to the transport or moving within the transport may transfer data from the onboard sensors. The data is transferred without any additional action by the smartphone owner.
The platform BLE uses Bluetooth Low Energy, which is compatible with all smartphones. By using the Bluetooth module of any smartphone as a proximity launch router, the platform can target a vast area with internet access of the sensor. All you need to do is add the platform SDK to any application that is popular in your area. The platform SDK can be integrated into any app of your choice, whether it's a utility app or a gaming app.

There are two basic options for sensors with the following specific conditions:
BLE Tracking and Counting Sensors Examples of the types of data collected include
1. 1. Number of passengers getting on and off 2. Total number of passengers per route 3. Route and driving parameters can be mentioned.
An embodiment is shown in FIG. 9A.
BLE Path Tracking Sensors Examples of the types of data collected include
Route and driving parameters can be mentioned.
An embodiment is shown in FIG. 9B.

These sensors can be placed on government-issued buses or given to private companies in exchange for profits. Profit includes, but is not limited to, monetary rewards such as fuel discounts.

Solution 2: Traffic data collection system Alternatively, the platform LR can be used instead of the platform BLE solution. The platform's LR kit works on top of LoRaWAN. The platform LR is a single gateway that can connect devices over a wide area with a radius of up to 10-15 km. Equipped with the platform's LR gateway on the transportation system, it is possible to cover a wide area.
The LR gateway of the platform equipped with the 3G module can be installed in the transport vehicle. The gateway continuously transfers data from sensors in the vehicle (eg, bus) (it could be a sensor like Solution 1). More sensors can be placed on roads along village / city and bus routes. An embodiment is shown in FIG. 9C.
In some examples,
1. 1. Traffic counter 2. Pedestrian counter 3. Examples include a water usage counter or a solar cell fuel measuring instrument.
The LR solution requires some installation costs, but can create additional value overall for the region.

BLUETOOTH
The maximum allowable power of Bluetooth Class 1 is 100 mW, and the typical range is 100 m. The maximum allowed power of Bluetooth Class 2 is 2.5 mW, and the typical range is 10 m. The maximum allowed power of Bluetooth Class 3 is 1 mW, and the typical range is 1 m. The maximum allowable power of Bluetooth Class 4 is 0.5 mW, and the typical range is 0.5 m.

Distributed Sensor Networks Using BLUETOOTH (eg, BLE) Sensor Network Limitations and Opportunities The Internet of Things (IoT) is, for example, data for devices, vehicles, buildings, and electronic devices, software, sensors, and their objects. A network of other items, including network connectivity that allows you to collect and exchange Bluetooth. The IoT market is expected to grow rapidly. Cisco's Visual Networking Index forecasts 933 million M2M connections worldwide by 2019, while Anallysys Mason forecasts up to 3 billion M2M connections by 2023.

Internet of Things More than 24 billion IoT devices are projected to exist on Earth in the future. That means that every person on the planet will have about four devices. It is estimated that $ 267 billion will be spent on IoT technology, products and services.

Technology bluetooth
Bluetooth has always been the most widely used access technology suitable for IoT. Low-cost user equipment and the rapid development underway in a well-organized user community allow the standard to remain an integral part of the market force map. Battery-efficient wireless technology, combined with a small die size, makes BLE an excellent choice for a variety of devices.

LPWAN
The IoT market is overcoming current limitations with the Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) protocol. LPWAN is the most important IoT solution that offers longer battery life (3-50 times longer life advantage over GSM / 3G / 4G networks), improved efficiency, and wider cell radii (eg up to 15km). Is. LPWAN may include LoRaWAN, Sigfox, and IoT NowBand.

List of aspects or restrictions LoRa WAN
・ Many individual networks ・ Lack of interoperability and consensus

IoT Narrow Band
-Not currently available-Developed as a traditional telecommunications company solution

Sigfox
・ Exclusive technology ・ One owner, no opportunity to enter the market directly

Bluetooth
・ Very small installation area (-10m)
-Peer-to-peer (P2P) topology-There is no way to create a local network of devices-Mesh function

Bluetooth mesh network The Bluetooth mesh network is a protocol based on Bluetooth Low Energy that enables many-to-many communication on the Bluetooth radio. Communication is carried in messages that can be up to 384 bytes long when using the Segmentation and Response (SAR) mechanism, but most messages fit in one segment, i.e. 11 bytes. Each message begins with an opcode, which can be 1 byte (for special messages), 2 bytes (for standard messages), or 3 bytes (for vendor-specific messages).

Every message has a source address and a destination address to determine which device processes the message. The device issues a message to a destination that may be a single thing / group of things / all.

Each message has a sequence number that protects the network from replay attacks.

Each message is encrypted and authenticated. The following two keys are used to secure the message. (1) Network key-assigned to a single mesh network. (2) Application Key-Specific to a given application function (eg, lighting vs. lighting change).

The message has a time to live (TTL). Each time a message is received and retransmitted, a TTL that limits the number of "hops" is decremented, eliminating an infinite loop.

Bluetooth Mesh is a flood network. Flood networks are based on nodes that relay messages. Any relay node that receives a network packet that authenticates against a known network key that is not in the message cache and has TTL ≥ 2 can be retransmitted as TTL = TTL-1. The message cache is used to block the relay of recently viewed messages.

Bluetooth Mesh has a hierarchical architecture with multiple layers.

Illustrative Platform as a Solution An exemplary platform allows you to integrate existing IoT networks or deploy new IoT networks and become your own in-house service provider.

The exemplary platform operates on top of two "last mile" technologies.
1) LoRaWAN-Ideal for industrial and business applications where speed and reliability are important.
2) Bluetooth Low Energy-Depends on the customer's smartphone acting as a mobile gateway. Ideal for non-essential consumer and big data applications, such as data collection for later analysis.

Device Manufacturers The exemplary platform allows device manufacturers to easily become global service providers. Your IoT device works everywhere, without the need for restrictions and complicated contracts with carriers.

Gateway Owner An exemplary platform gateway allows anyone to provide IoT connectivity and generate revenue. Get a distribution of transaction revenue for each connection through its gateway.
There are two types of gateways in the exemplary platform.
-Platform dedicated LoRaWAN gateway for LoRa compatible devices.
-Platform smartphone gateway application for platform-compatible Bluetooth LE sensors.

Global coverage of own IoT devices, which is a harsh ratio of users. No problem.
The platform's system is ready to handle both personal and business applications, from smart homes to smart manufacturing lines to smart cities.
All data can be end-to-end encrypted according to industry standards.

An exemplary workflow manufacturer sells devices and adds their IDs to the platform ledger.
-Customers purchase those devices and start using them.
• The gateway owner gives these devices network access and confirms their ID against the platform ledger.
-Manufacturers are responsible for paying for platform invoices issued by participating gateways.
• The platform pays gateway owners for the services they provide.

Examples of functional methods The exemplary platform system includes the following conviction factors:
• IoT devices-Radio frequency (RF) capable IoT devices connect to the platform gateway from a distance of 15 km.
Gateway-LPWAN gateways and Bluetooth Le-enabled phones are used to mine coins or tokens and expand the network while connected.
Blockchain-A central (platform as a service: PaaS) billing and application browser that runs the platform's protocols.
Illustrative Platform-A blockchain environment used to create autonomous decentralized organizations (DAOs) with secure data storage.

IoT Devices The device market is flooded with IoT devices for which various wireless access technologies are available.
All of them need to be networked. Illustrative IoT applications include:
・ Utility meter ・ Parking sensor ・ Water / gas leak detector ・ Foam detector ・ Air quality sensor and weather sensor ・ Attendance counter (big data)
・ Emergency button ・ Public transportation tracker ・ Street lighting and traffic signal ・ Housing and office security

Gateway The exemplary platform employs a specially designed gateway to provide IoT connectivity. The exemplary platform provides two types of gateways.
A smartphone app that provides access on Bluetooth LE that collects data from LPWAN base station designs with ~ 15km cell radii and surrounding IoT devices. In one embodiment, every client device that connects to a user deployment gateway brings an additional token to the gateway owner.

Illustrative Platform The exemplary platform is designed for ease of use and includes one, more, or all of the following:
-Access to multiple client devices can be paid from a single account-Embedded wallet devices and connections can be controlled with a single click-Coverage area mapping and creative deployment plans-New wireless access standards Vote for additional support such as

Examples of including blockchain A distributed system provides an opportunity for everyone to get involved. The device manufacturer can be an internet provider, the user can be a device manufacturer, and anyone can be a small cell operator. The token economy returns spending on all equipment and services directly to users expanding their network by installing gateways.

Use Cases Affordable Security-Faster emergency response, improved traffic control and response routines.
Smart Buildings-Smart homes for everyone, transparent management for municipalities. Lighting is always on and utility service is better than ever.
Supermarket-Improve loyalty, track inventory and offer more options. Learn what is in demand, store it, and keep your customers happy.
On the production line-Monitor equipment to create optimal workflows and maintenance schedules.
Off-factory-Use additional sensors to know exactly when to repair and who will be dispatched.
Within a business process-Providing a better experience by designing data-driven solutions and viable sales plans.
Stadium-Manage seating arrangements, refurbishment plans, and even light meal locations to improve the overall customer experience.

Illustrative IoT Toolkit The Illustrative Platform BLE Toolkit is a solution for big data applications. Typical application: Information gathering for later analysis. The exemplary platform BLE toolkit includes an open source beacon base station with a smartphone that acts as a mobile gateway. The exemplary platform LR toolkit is well suited for industrial and business applications where speed and reliability are paramount concerns. Typical application: Transportation in smart cities.
An exemplary platform LR toolkit includes an open source gateway that provides LPWAN connectivity.
Problem: Collecting data from distributed Bluetooth sensors that use multiple mobile phones as gateways. A schematic, exemplary solution is provided in FIG. In FIG. 10, the smartphone collects data from the distributed sensors via BLE, and data can be collected when the smartphone is used as a gateway and the smartphone is within the BLE range of the sensor. In an exemplary solution, the smartphone collects data from distributed sensors via BLE, and data can be collected when the smartphone is used as a gateway and the smartphone is within the BLE range of the sensor.

There are three exemplary types of connections in the Bluetooth protocol.
-Advertising (beacon) -One-way communication from "sensor" to "user device" -Two-way communication between trusted devices-Mesh (Bluetooth 5)

Traditionally, a sensor must be authorized to connect to the sensor from a user device. Another problem is that there is no guarantee that the data routing application is running in the background of iOS or Android smartphones. In one embodiment, the platform BLE solves this using a hybrid beacon mode. In this mode, the "sensor" transmits a beacon advertising signal when not connected to a smartphone. The platform smartphone application sets a geofence zone for all platform BLE sensors, so each time the smartphone enters the sensor advertising zone, it executes a small portion of the code. (The geofence is the virtual perimeter that corresponds to the geographic area of the real world.) Since this part of the code is responsible for data routing, the gateway connects to the sensor, downloads the sensor data, and downloads the sensor data (eg,). Send to a destination (in the cloud).

Each sensor can have a platform-related ID and secure key in internal memory, and all data transmitted through the user's smartphone may be end-to-end (sensor to cloud) encrypted. Indicates that the user cannot read the data until he has the required key on the sensor. The user may be rewarded for the amount of routed data, as the sensor key can be used for accurate billing of the routed data.

By executing this scheme, it is possible to deploy a plurality of Bluetooth sensors that can be connected to a plurality of smartphones that function as gateways to the destination of sensor data. There is no need to combine a particular sensor with a particular smartphone.

An exemplary system description and structure platform is, for example, a service platform capable of deploying a decentralized city-scale IoT network. Compared to the traditional telecommunications approach, the platform can be deployed economically and quickly.

The goal is interoperability and transparent connectivity for cities, individual homes, and large businesses.

Today, providing connectivity services at any capacity requires significant investment in building early low-frequency base station and receiver infrastructure, along with maintenance, electrical costs, and challenging software. The urban IoT market is projected to grow to US $ 25 billion by 2021.

The platform trades with all market participants-as with normal connectivity infrastructure, with gateway owners, service providers and hardware manufacturers. Within the platform, anyone can be a service provider, earn revenue through all connections, and bill other users within the active range of their connection node. All connections are recorded in a common ledger that creates transparent payment claims.
· Hardware Manufacturers-Opportunities to sell devices worldwide without having to talk to LPWAN providers. With the help of the platform, hardware manufacturers can quickly offer worldwide connectivity packages with their devices, making it easy to become a service provider.
• Current LPWAN Providers-Benefit from seamless global roaming and easier end-customer device sign-up procedures.
· Private gateway owner-Benefits everyone who uses a gateway in the active range.
· Infrastructure Owners / Smart Cities-Choose the most affordable IoT solutions and deploy them in the coming weeks.

The platform provides the most transparent and secure way to build an IoT infrastructure. This solves two major challenges for providers, billing and security, while maintaining market transparency. The goal is interoperability and transparent connectivity for cities, homes, individual devices, and large enterprises.

Functional Method Examples The platform works with all market players, including gateway owners, service providers, and hardware manufacturers. Within the solution, anyone can be a service provider, earning revenue for each connection and billing the gateway or other users within the active range of the Bluetooth LE smartphone. All sessions are recorded and stored in a common ledger, enabling fully transparent billing.

Today, providing IoT connectivity requires not only a substantial initial investment in deploying low-frequency base station and receiver infrastructure, but also additional operating costs: maintenance, electricity, and software support. By 2021, the city-wide IoT market is projected to reach US $ 25 billion.
· With the help of the platform, hardware manufacturers can easily become service providers as soon as they offer a worldwide connectivity package with their devices.
• Current LPWAN providers: Benefit from seamless global roaming and easier participation procedures for end customers.
· Private gateway and BLE smartphone owners: Earn money from everyone who depends on their gateway in the active range.
Infrastructure Owners / Smart Cities: Choose the most affordable IoT solution and deploy it in just a few weeks.

The platform provides a global platform, open source software for reference design, coverage mapping and planning, access control, recording, billing, and smart contract processing. Typical business sectors that use IoT devices are businesses, government / infrastructure, and housing.

Illustrative User Roles Device User The final level of user is the end user. The end user gets the device and uses it with any node in the world according to the manufacturer policy. It has very low end traffic costs, no roaming charges, the same format everywhere, and high battery efficiency.

Users can address any concerns using the voting mechanism and committees of the freely available platform. This creates a truly user-owned distributed network operated by its own customers.

The end-user relationship to the device manufacturer is not part of the platform's network constraints. It can be a separate service or a freely available configuration. The network creates opportunities to create cheaper devices and provides active utilization within a multi-node infrastructure. Device manufacturers and node owners can operate within the boundaries of cryptocurrency transactions, while end users, for example, do not.

A typical user can use any node within the range, all of which can be owned by an individual user. As a node owner, users are free to use their nodes to charge anyone for services and Internet access. All in-system transactions use cryptographic tokens and generally work in two ways.
-Users with access points purchase traffic quotas from major token stakeholder.
-The user who uses the connection point pays the fee for the amount of traffic used by the user who provides it.
All of this can be controlled by the blockchain, which is the safest way to track contractual obligations online.

Illustrative Device Manufacturer In one embodiment, the platform is a new generation physical layer for mesh networks with Internet connectivity with M2M capabilities, created to update global Internet access. It utilizes a base station at low cost and with high effectiveness to cause chirp spread spectrum modulation of long-distance communication. This provides an unprecedented range of up to 15 km, while maintaining the potential to operate for decades from a small power source. Although it is not the only network system to date that utilizes this protocol, the platform is based on a three-tier (long-distance star) server architecture and uses base stations to create any kind of different network and connectivity standard. Provide a unified function. It offers very high integration potential with low end-user cost, high scalability, excellent connection speed and quality.

An exemplary node owner The hardware infrastructure level is node owner. Node owners are also minors in the platform's network. Node owners use cheap network stations to increase network coverage and at the same time receive a percentage of all valuable connections. This is a major part of the community, and sophisticated homes are very profitable from owning private nodes, all the while earning additional income. Large users (such as ski resorts, cities, or factories) build networks that can be useful throughout their surroundings.

Node owners are "minor" When device manufacturers get the opportunity to create cheap devices, service providers will use cheap and efficient network nodes to create access points. Any individual can purchase and install nodes inside the apartment, or even nodes outside the apartment. This type of user is the node owner. When a node is active and exchanges data with devices inside the network, the node owner gets coins or tokens. The more nodes you own and the more traffic you provide, the more coins or tokens you will receive.

Nodes can be purchased as assembled products for sale in boxes, but can be easily obtained and assembled by anyone without special knowledge. The complete document holds a diagram for assembling a compliant node device.

Committee In one embodiment, the platform has an inaugural committee that coordinates protocol and hardware approvals for nodes so that only authorized nodes are part of the network. Have. This is done for fraud protection (eg, when a user sets up a very cheap wasted node to get a bounty), as well as for the adoption of new technologies and protocols.
Voting may be available, for example, to anyone with a token share of more than 10,000 MOE (1 MOE is one token unit).
Votes may be for:
-Budget approval for software (SW) development-Budget approval for platform Foundation team-Approval of adoption of new protocol for different locations (bonus MOE)
・ Approval of adoption of hardware for new position (bonus MOE)
-Approval of protocol and hardware retention for a particular location (hence no additional bonus MOE)
-Set the minimum position-based access price.
-Strict minimum price setting for any position.
Voting can be done over the blockchain by sending a small amount of MOE to a particular address. 10,000 MOE can be counted as one vote. A share of 10,000,000 MOE can be counted as 100 votes. Pooling may be accepted. The establishment of the platform itself can use up to 100 votes.

Illustrative Data Flow The main actors are as follows in one example.
IoT devices with identifiers in the blockchain and encrypted MineId, manufactured by a particular vendor.
The gateway can be manufactured or assembled by anyone who can add the platform's gateway SDK to the gateway firmware so that it can communicate with the blockchain.
A blockchain masternode, an untrusted decentralized database with transactions from all devices, is a blockchain application server that handles transactions. • Specific data that receives encrypted data from or from the gateway. Server managed by vendor

Illustrative Uplink Flow:
1. 1. The vendor server creates an uplink message for a particular DeviceId on the vendor's master node.
2. 2. The master node creates uplink transaction requests on the blockchain, and each uplink request is marked with a gateway that has previously processed this particular DeviceId.
3. 3. The gateway is checking the blockchain for uplink requests with a particular GatewayId.
4. If an uplink request for a particular gateway is found, the gateway remembers the uplink message locally.
5. The gateway is waiting for a particular device with a particular DeviceId to send data.
6. When the device is sending data, the gateway responds with an uplink message to confirm the uplink transaction request.

Illustrative downlink flow 1. The device encrypts the data 2. The device encrypts MineId 3. The device creates a package with DeviceId, encrypted MineId, and encrypted data. The device broadcasts the package 5. One or many gateways are receiving the package. The gateway confirms DeviceId against the local device blacklist. The gateway confirms DeviceId against the device blacklist extracted from the blockchain. The gateway confirms DeviceId for device vendor mapping from the blockchain. 10. The gateway initializes a new transaction on the blockchain with DeviceId and encrypted MineId. The master node confirms the initialized transaction. The master node confirms the GatewayId against the gateway blacklist from the blockchain. The master node confirms the DeviceId against the DeviceId blacklist from the blockchain to prevent fraud. The master node confirms DeviceId against the device vendor mapping 14. The master node attempts to decrypt the MineId 15. The master node enables the decrypted MineId 16. The master node receives the transaction 17. The gateway checks the blockchain for received transactions with a particular GatewayId 18. FIG. 11 shows an embodiment in which the gateway transmits encrypted data to a specific vendor server.
Another case is possible for vendors who may prefer to store downlink data on the blockchain. In that case, the gateway stores the data on the blockchain immediately after the transaction is received.

Illustrative Token Flow Key Actors:
There is a vendor representative who is responsible for billing and managing data transmission for a particular vendor's device. The vendor representative flow is as follows in one example:
1. 1. Create a wallet on the blockchain.
2. 2. Add platform coins or tokens to your wallet.
3. 3. Register the devices manufactured by a specific vendor on the blockchain and add each device to the device vendor mapping.
4. Prohibit gates if a particular gateway is creating an invalid transaction.
5. Manages the encryption key that decrypts messages from the device.
There may be one or more gateways and there is a gate owner who is responsible for gate maintenance.
The gate representative flow is as follows in one embodiment:
1. 1. Create a wallet on the blockchain.
2. 2. Register each gate with the gateway owner's wallet on the blockchain.
3. 3. Get GateId from the blockchain.
4. Set each gateway GateId.
5. Monitor the transactions created by the gateway.
6. Get rewards for processed transactions.
An embodiment is shown in FIG.

An exemplary payment billing system embodiment is shown in FIG.

An exemplary payment billing system may include up to six individual blockchains.
• DeviceVendorMapping-Storage of all device IDs that are part of the platform. The IsActive flag is used to receive device transactions when the vendor manages payments for all previous transactions.
• DeviceType-The type of each vendor device.
· PriceList-Service prices for various devices.
-Transport-A blockchain that holds information about completed transmission transactions that holds a lot of data, including the IsConfirmed flag, which means that the package has been successfully delivered from the device to the vendor.
-Invoice-A blockchain that holds information about vendor and gate account transactions, including InvoiceDetail for further matching.
-Payment-A blockchain that collects payment status information.
The payment request system process and rules are as follows in one embodiment.
1. 1. Vendor includes all of the Device IDs on the Device VendorMapping blockchain.
2. 2. Vendor classifies devices by type and creates individual connection prices with a price list stored in the blockchain. Platform Foundation defines the lowest price stored within the blockchain.
3. 3. MasterNode approves valid transactions, writes them to the Transport blockchain, and signs the blocks.
4. Based on the signed transport block, MasterNode creates a transaction on the Invoice blockchain. All inputs are price list transaction invoices from all Gateways to all Vendors.
5. If the latest signed transport block does not have a transaction that is not linked to a particular invoice, MasterNode signs a block on the Invoice blockchain.
6. A new block is created in the Payment blockchain based on the latest block in the Invoice blockchain.
7. The VendorMasterNode pays for the invoice through the Ethereum wallet at those gates and writes the Ethereum transaction ID to the Payment blockchain. The other MasterNode confirms the payment amount-if the total payment is equal to or greater than the total payment of the invoice-the payment transaction is approved. A single invoice may be paid in multiple Ethereum transactions.
8. As soon as every Invoice transaction has a confirmed Payment blockchain transaction,
MasterNode can sign blocks on the Payment blockchain.
9. If there are more than one block in the payment queue and the Payment block is not signed due to late payment or invalidity, such an invoice will be forwarded to the next block with the "Delayed Payment" attribute.
10. If a payment with the "Delayed Payment" attribute is not signed during X hours, all devices of the Device Vendor Mapping vendor will be marked IsActive = False and Gateway will not process transactions from that vendor until the debt is paid. ..
11. WordPool has a Gate and Vendor account at the same time. RewardPool will invoice all vendors and all Gateways will invoice RewardPool to obtain a Reward.
12. The Platform Foundation has a separate blockchain that holds information about rewards. Platform Foundation issues invoices to all vendors.

Examples of token economy 1. Tokens are used in transactions within the platform.
2. 2. The connection price is pre-fixed by the vendor so that all costs can be calculated in advance.
3. 3. WordPool allocates resources to the best functions of the network. The reward pool uses the percentage of the entire transaction.
4. The rules for the reward pool are defined by the committee.
5. The connection price depends on the device type and connection mode, and is defined by the vendor by adding a list of device types and prices to the blockchain by the vendor.
6. Gates should not approve connections that are too cheap.
7. In this model, the vendor is interested in active connectivity and data processing.
8. At the same time, higher connection prices not only give priority to connections, but also add more value to the network with a 10% protocol fee.
9. For example, the minimum connection price is set by Foundation to prevent fraud.
10. Gateways provide a particular level of quality of service (QoS) and compete for connections that transmit blocks first.
11. A single MаsterNode cannot select a single Gateway that issues payments.
12. Connection prices are expected to drop to the point of minimal economic feasibility.
13. The platform committee has the ability to prioritize some gates by adding a certain number of transactions to the preferred nodes (eg, using new protocols or located at the network development site). In this case, the pool resource allocation feature considers these transactions in the standard coefficients.
14. The platform Committee can vote for a particular decision using a pre-installed voting mechanism.

Example of case study 1. Wearable-Fitness 2. The smart city platform may establish a solid infrastructure based on the original equipment manufacturer (OEM) platform solution-a LoRaWAN gateway that targets up to 1500 devices at the same time. Estimating an average city with a diameter of 40 km, one million inhabitants have about 10,000 gateways with 10x node availability, allowing 100x full coverage anywhere in the city. The platform may include masternode software that can receive and enable messages sent through the platform's protocols. One masternode can process up to 2,000 messages per second, so it can process over 1 million smart devices such as streetlight poles.

The platform's partnership with local city governments promotes new value for smart cities. The platform does not have to require a smart city infrastructure setup fee and introduces a very competitive price. Administrative power may impose arbitrary rules on the gateway. The platform will provide protocols and software free of charge, implement smart city solutions and enable collaboration with supporting local companies. The smart city case enables many devices and gives the economy public authority.

Gateway coverage and benefits are guaranteed by a special bounty fund created for the platform pioneers. The main purpose of the bounty fund is to support early gateway owners before the amount of smart devices reaches the gateway's payback point. The platform framework is capable of supporting most of the LPWAN standards and chip technologies such as LoRaWAN and Sigfox. Due to unreliable decentralized blockchain technology, the platform will focus on both reducing the cost of maintaining smart devices and increasing coverage when compared to private vendor solutions.

Early device manufacturers benefit from hidden economies, token growth, and gateway owners motivated by pool bounty systems, and are therefore compared to early Bitcoin miners with Bitcoin mining rigs. The demand for the device is guaranteed by a good gateway owner. Connection costs are a significant portion of the overall cost of the device per year, and the increase in chip costs is small, so manufacturers earn more and pay less for users. Working with big cities, the platform can have an early public relations (PR) campaign, usage statistics, and an economic starting point.

Illustrative case 1
The node owner is a ski resort. The ski resort distributes small connected tag devices from the producer among the clients. Tag devices provide a real-time location for each user, are very useful in finding people in an emergency, may even be able to provide a two-way communication channel, and at the same time for multiple days. Works on small power supplies.

A first resort that installs a network has a high potential to cover its own costs by providing connectivity to adjacent resorts over long distances.

Illustrative case 2
A simple feedback device can tell a relative's older person that they are in trouble, or make sure their child is safely at home. And if you get home late, you don't have to worry about your child again. The connected device can automatically send a distress signal based on some pre-installed triggers, send it to emergency services, or let close people know that they need help.

Telecommunications Market-Analysis The M2M market is expected to see significant growth. However, each technology is endorsed by its own researcher. However, an important benchmark for the platform is the number of connections. Significant changes are expected for market size in different technological branches. This is (by "Real Wireless: A Comparison of Ultra Narrow Band (UNB) and Spread Spectram Wireless Technologies technology technologies as used in LPWA and M2Mip".
-The IoT and supporting M2M markets are completely new and in the developmental stage. New technologies, new use cases, new business models, new startups, consortia, and groups all appear on a regular basis.
-Applications are often deployed as small pilots in new and changing environments to test purchase rates, profits, and return on investment.
• There are multiple competing LPWA products, so when combined with the current shortage of LPWA standards, procurement decisions are becoming more difficult and postponed, allowing buyers and end users to ensure that investment impasses are avoided. It is said.

However, it is clear that LPWA technology is now a key market player in M2M wireless connectivity, alongside cellular, Wi-Fi, Zigbee, Bluetooth, and other proprietary solutions. Machine Research's "'M2M Global Forest & Analysis 2014-24" predicts that LPWA will account for 14% of the total 27 billion installation bases in 2024, while Cellular will account for 8 at the same time. It is predicted to be% (Machina M2M Global Forecast & Analysis 2014-24). Therefore, LPWA systems may be widely deployed and the systems may be operating adjacently.

Concepts According to the first aspect of these concepts, a system including a data storage server, a service provider server, and a gateway, the service provider server communicates with the data storage server, and the gateway communicates with the data storage server. The data storage server is configured to generate a first token, receive a record from the service provider server, issue the first token to the service provider server, and receive the first token from the service provider server. The data storage server is configured to receive sensor data from the gateway, the gateway is configured to receive sensor data from a device registered with the service provider server, and the data storage server is configured to receive sensor data from the gateway. Is configured to issue a second token to the gateway after receiving the data, and the data storage server also stores the received sensor data in the data storage server or stores the received sensor data in the service provider server. Configured, sensor data is stored using the blockchain system, token transactions of the first token and the second token are stored using the blockchain system, data storage server, service provider server, and The gateway is provided with a system that is a node registered in the blockchain system. The data storage server may be configured to store the received sensor data in the service provider server instead of storing the received sensor data in the data storage server.

Since the sensor data is stored using the blockchain system, there is an advantage that the sensor data can be stored safely. Since the token transaction is stored using the blockchain system, there is an advantage that the token transaction is stored safely. The advantage is that sensor data and transaction data are securely stored in the same blockchain system, that is, transactions are very accurately associated with their respective sensor data storage activities.

A system that includes multiple gateways, where the multiple gateways communicate with the data storage server, the data storage server is configured to receive sensor data from the gateway, and the gateway is a device registered with the service provider server. The data storage server is configured to receive sensor data from the gateway, the data storage server is configured to issue a second token to the gateway after receiving the sensor data from the gateway, and the data storage server further data the received sensor data. It is configured to store the sensor data stored in the storage server or received in the service provider server, the sensor data is stored using the blockchain system, and the token transaction of the first token and the second token is The gateway can be a system that is a node registered in the blockchain system, stored using the blockchain system. It has the advantage that sensor data can be collected using a large number of gateways. The advantage is that a large number of gateways are specified by the system to receive a second token in connection with sending sensor data to the data storage server. The sensor data collected by the gateway and the transaction data associated with the gateway are securely stored in the same blockchain system, that is, with respect to the gateway, the transaction is very accurately associated with each sensor data storage activity. There is an advantage that it can be done.

The plurality of gateways may be a system including a plurality of LR gateways and a plurality of BLE gateways. It has the advantage of being able to receive sensor data for both short-range connections and long-range connections that cover a wide range of connection distances.

The gateway can be a system configured to receive sensor data from multiple devices registered with the service provider server. There is an advantage that sensor data can be received from a large number of devices.

A system that includes multiple service provider servers, where the service provider server communicates with the data storage server, which generates a first token, receives records from the service provider server, and sends it to the service provider server. It is configured to issue the first token and receive the first token from the service provider server, the token transaction of the first token is stored using the blockchain system, and the service provider server is the blockchain. It can be a system, which is a node registered in the system. The sensor data associated with the service provider server and the transaction data associated with the service provider server are securely stored in the same blockchain system, i.e. for the service provider server, the transaction is very sensitive to each sensor data storage activity. There is an advantage that it can be accurately associated with.

The system includes a plurality of gateways, which can be a system configured to receive sensor data from a plurality of devices registered with a service provider server. There is an advantage that sensor data can be received from a large number of devices.

The service provider server can be a system that is a server of a security service provider.

The device registered in the service provider server can be a system, which is a mobile computing device.

The mobile computing device can be a system, which is a smartphone.

The device registered in the service provider server can be a system, which is a desktop computer or home appliance.

The data storage server may be a system that includes a user account, the account being configured to store sensor data associated with the user account.

The stored data associated with the user account can be a system that is in a secure situation and can only be accessed by the account user. It has the advantage of user control over the stored data in the user account. In one embodiment, the sensor data is always encrypted by the sensor owner and can only be decrypted by the sensor owner.

All decisions regarding the use of this stored data by the service or the sharing of this stored data in any way can be a system made by the user, not by any operational service or third party company. It has the advantage of user control over the stored data in the user account.

The first token and the second token can be a system, which is a cryptocurrency token. It has the advantage of token transaction security.

The first token can be a system purchased by a company operating a different application (eg, a security application).

The new registration node of the blockchain system receives a complete copy of the blockchain, which can be a system that is automatically downloaded to the new registration node when the new registration node joins the system.

The newly registered node of the blockchain system receives a copy of the blockchain only for the most recent period (eg, the last 10 weeks), which is automatically downloaded to the newly registered node when it joins the system. Can be a system.

A blockchain system can be a system that has complete information from the origin block to the recently completed block with respect to registered nodes and their token balances.

The system can be a system that includes a security device that transfers sensor data to a data storage server via a first layer of service.

The data storage server can be a system that aggregates sensor data and transfers the aggregated sensor data to a common environment via a second layer of service.

The aggregated sensor data can be a system stored using a blockchain system.

A single second token can be a system that acts as a transaction confirmation and is used to perform a transaction.

A blockchain system can be a system that ensures that every transaction is unique and secure.

After storing the sensor data using the blockchain system, the information can be a system that cannot be tampered with.

The data storage server can be a system configured to provide an ICO (Initial Coin Offering).

In an ICO, a data storage server can be a system that provides an entity with the possibility to purchase a first token to join the system.

It can be a system in which a second token is issued in succession, if desired.

The second token can be a reusable, system.

The second token can be a system that acts as a form of payment to the gateway.

The second token can be a system that can be exchanged for traditional currency.

Only the data storage server may be a system configured to issue an additional first token.

The blockchain system can be a system that includes a transaction blockchain system and a billing blockchain system.

A transaction blockchain system can be a system that records all data connections and data transfers.

A billing blockchain system can be a system that issues invoices based on information from a transaction blockchain system.

A billing blockchain system can be a system that processes and records all payments and approves a second token payment to the gateway owner.

The system includes a domain name system of things (DNS), which can be a system that integrates various connection standards and is a platform for connecting multiple devices.

The system can be a system that uses crowdsourcing to increase coverage.

A system that includes a ledger, where the device can be a system that is automatically connected to the network once it is recorded in the system ledger.

The system can be a system that includes a low power wide area network (LPWAN) and a Bluetooth connection.

A system that includes Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), the Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) of the system can be a system that uses the customer's smartphone as a mobile gateway.

The application area of the system can be one or more of smart cities, agriculture, usage data collection, retail, resource management, transportation and logistics, customer experience analysis, and humanitarian assistance.

The system can be used by the shipping company and can be a system in which tracking sensors are included in the shipping package and provide sensor data to the gateway.

The shipping package can be a system that is tracked from the supplier to the client.

It can be a system in which detailed data including one or more of elapsed inventory time, required delivery time, and inventory time is collected.

The system can be a system used by a construction company at a construction site or by a management company of a building constructed.

A construction company at a construction site can be a system that uses a system to control noise levels and implement an automated closed circuit television (CCTV) solution in a building under construction.

The management company of the constructed building can be a system that uses the system to control the opening and closing of manholes, attics, or stairwell spaces in the apartments of the constructed building.

The system can be a system used by carbonated beverage manufacturers for sensors in refrigeration monitoring equipment.

The system can be a system that gives current infrastructure operators the opportunity to earn additional revenue from their existing networks.

An infrastructure operator can be a system that can share an existing network with other operators and benefit from using the networks of other operators.

The system can be a system that provides a smart city with one or more of (i) seamless infrastructure deployment, (ii) cost-effective connectivity solution, or (iii) easy integration. ..

Smart cities use the system to provide one or more of environmental monitoring, security and safety, parking meters, street lighting, retail solutions, utility services, transportation, waste management, port logistics, citizen data sharing. It can be a system to do.

It can be a system in which sensors are placed to obtain real-time information about the degree of filling of public recycle bins.

It can be a system in which environmental sensors are installed that track one or more of precipitation, humidity, soil composition, terrain, air pollution, barometric pressure, temperature, and sunlight.

By combining environmental sensor data with information about terrain and weather forecasts, it can be a system that can make smarter decisions about irrigation.

It can be a system that uses sensor data about the water level in a water pipe to reduce the amount of loss due to leakage and prevent new leakage.

Embedding a sensor in the water pipe of the entire distribution network and communicating the sensor data to the pump control system can be the system used to control the water pressure in the water pipe.

Sensors include smart meters, which can be systems that relay information about lighting and building energy usage back to a central management system for efficient allocation of resources.

It can be a system in which a street lamp sensor is installed on a street lamp and the environmental conditions including one or more of temperature, noise, and air quality are monitored.

It can be a system that uses streetlight pole sensor data to manage accidents, identify patterns of local weather, or make predictions about vehicle and pedestrian traffic conditions.

The system may be a system that includes a sensor in the connected streetlight, which allows the city to improve the control and performance of the streetlight.

It can be a system that uses sensors to determine if a parking lot is available.

Parking availability can be viewed using an application on a mobile computing device and can be a system in which the driver is directed to an available parking spot.

The system can be a system that is integrated into one (eg, unified) virtual network along with an existing IoT network.

A system that includes a gateway and a service provider, the software of the system can be a system that acts as middleware between the gateway and the service provider.

The data storage server can be a system that includes a master node, the master nodes being interconnected.

Each masternode can be a system that performs transmission recording, billing, billing, automatic or manual payment, and data storage.

After validating the transaction, if the master node approves, the approval may be sent back to the gateway, the system.

It can be a system that sends data to a user web service, user app, vendor analysis tool, or vendor software.

The system can be a protocol-independent system.

A system that includes LR, where the LR of the system can be a system that includes LoRaWAN.

A system that includes BLE, the BLE of the system can be a system that includes Bluetooth Low Energy.

The system is one or more of real-time fleet management, cargo integrity monitoring, optimized warehousing workload, inventory tracking and analysis, end-to-end visualization of delivery processes, smart labels, predictive maintenance, storage status management. Can be a system used in supply chain applications, including.

The system can be a system that enables a single product ecosystem and unlocks the possibility of analyzing the supply chain at every step.

The system can be a system that allows suppliers, deliveries, and end clients to be integrated into a single ecosystem.

A system can be a system that includes aspects that are one or more of connected assets, connected fleets, connected infrastructure, connected markets, and connected people.

The system can be a system used in pharmacy supply chain solutions.

The system can be a system that tracks all individual boxes containing medicines and collects data along the entire delivery route.

The system can be a system where the infrastructure is crowdsourced and data from the sensors is transferred using a civilian smartphone or any compatible gateway.

It can be a system where infrastructure is provided by installing an app with the system SDK or by installing a gateway at home.

Transportation sensors may be installed in the seats of subway cars and public transportation, and the use of transportation sensor information may be a system that allows for a more even distribution of passengers within the subway car or public transportation.

The system can be a system that is used to control trespassing or opening of containers using breakable sensors or multiple available sensors.

The system can be a system that is used to record breach of a hotel / bar premises using a thin sticker beacon on an alcohol bottle.

It can be a system that uses the system to collect data about the amount of people currently occupying public space.

A sticker attached to a vehicle (eg, a vehicle) may include an insurance tracker sensor, which may be used to collect and transfer data about vehicle usage.

The data collected and transferred can be a system that includes the number of days the vehicle has been used, continuous intense acceleration and deceleration, sharp curves, and execution of lane switching.

An insurance tracker can be a system that does not collect personal data.

Smartphones with sensors installed in public transport vehicles, located sufficiently close to the public transport vehicle or moving inside the public transport vehicle, transfer data from the onboard sensors, and the data is by the smartphone owner. Transferred without any additional action, the system includes BLE, which can be a system that uses the Bluetooth Low Energy technology supported by the smartphone.

The type of data collected can be a system that includes one or more of the number of passengers getting on and off, the total number of passengers per route, the route and travel parameters.

The 3G module can be a system that is contained on a public transport vehicle and provides an LR gateway for the system.

It can be a system in which sensors are placed on roads along village / city and public transport routes.

The sensor can be a system that includes one or more of a traffic counter, a pedestrian counter, a water usage counter, or a solar cell fuel meter.

A transmission uplink cycle is provided, the service provider server sends data to the master node of the data storage server, the master node stores the uplink data, and the gateway sends the stored uplink data to the master node. Requesting and receiving, the gateway can be a system that sends uplink data to devices registered with the service provider server. This provides the advantage of one aspect of the first aspect of the invention.

A second aspect of these concepts provides a method comprising the step of using the system of any aspect according to the first aspect of these concepts.

According to a third aspect of these concepts, a method is provided in which the system securely stores transaction and sensor data, the system includes a data storage server, a service provider server, and a gateway, and the service provider server Communicate with the data storage server, the gateway communicates with the data storage server, how
(I) Steps for the data storage server, service provider server, and gateway to register as nodes in the blockchain system.
(Ii) The step in which the data storage server generates the first token,
(Iii) A step in which the data storage server receives a record from the service provider server, issues a first token to the service provider server, and receives the first token from the service provider server.
(Iv) A step in which the gateway receives sensor data from a device registered in the service provider server and the data storage server receives sensor data from the gateway.
(V) A step in which the data storage server issues a second token to the gateway after receiving sensor data from the gateway.
(Vi) A step in which the data storage server stores the received sensor data in the data storage server or the service provider server using the blockchain system.
(Vii) The data storage server includes a step of storing the token transactions of the first token and the second token using the blockchain system.

It can be a method comprising the step of using the system of any aspect according to the first aspect of these concepts.

The above concepts may be combined with other aspects of the disclosure of this document.

NOTE It should be understood that the configurations referenced above are merely examples of the application of the principles of the present invention. Numerous modifications and alternative configurations may be devised without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The present invention has been described in detail and in detail above in the context of what is now considered the most practical and preferred embodiment of the invention (s), as shown in the drawings. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that numerous modifications can be made without departing from the principles and concepts of the invention specified in.

Claims (37)

A system that includes a data storage server, a service provider server, and a gateway that includes a gateway configured to operate at power levels below 5.0 mW, where the gateway is programmed in an application and the service provider server Communicate with the data storage server, the gateway communicates with the data storage server,
The data storage server generates the first token, receives the record from the service provider server, issues the first token to the service provider server, and receives the first token from the service provider server. Consists of
The data storage server is configured to receive sensor data from the gateway, which executes the application to receive the sensor data from a sensor or from a plurality of sensors via the transceiver. The data storage server is configured to issue a second token to the gateway after receiving the sensor data from the gateway, and the data storage server further transfers the received sensor data to the data storage server. It is configured to store or store the received sensor data in the service provider server.
The token transaction of the first token and the second token is stored in the system.
The system. The sensor data is stored using the blockchain system and
The token transaction of the first token and the second token is stored using the blockchain system.
The data storage server, the service provider server, and the gateway are nodes registered in the blockchain system.
The system according to claim 1. The transceiver is configured to operate at power levels below 3.0 mW.
The system according to any of the prior claims. The transceiver is configured to operate at power levels below 1.0 mW.
The system according to any of the prior claims. The transceiver is a Bluetooth transceiver.
The system according to any of the prior claims. The gateway is a mobile computing device.
The system according to any of the prior claims. The mobile computing device is a smartphone, tablet computer, or laptop computer.
The system according to claim 6. The gateway is a non-mobile device,
The system according to any one of claims 1 to 5. The gateway is configured to use a Bluetooth mesh network.
The system according to any of the prior claims. The gateway includes an additional transceiver,
The system according to any of the prior claims. The additional transceiver is configured to operate at power levels above 50 mW.
The system according to claim 10. The gateway is configured to communicate with the data storage server using the additional transceiver.
The system according to claim 10 or 11. The additional transceiver is a cellular transceiver, eg, an LPWAN transceiver.
The system according to any one of claims 10 to 12. The transceiver is configured to use advertising (beacon) one-way communication from the sensor to the gateway.
The system according to any of the prior claims. The transceiver is configured to use the mesh Bluetooth protocol.
The system according to any of the prior claims. The system includes a sensor,
The system according to any of the prior claims. When the sensor is not connected to the gateway, it sends a beacon advertising signal to
The gateway application sets the geofence zone on all low power (less than 5.0 mW) sensors so that each time the gateway enters the sensor advertising signal zone, the gateway executes part of the application code.
Since this part of the code is responsible for data routing, the gateway connects to the sensor, downloads the sensor data, and sends the sensor data to a destination (eg, in the cloud).
The system according to claim 16. The transceiver is configured to use bidirectional communication between the sensor trusted by the gateway and the gateway trusted by the sensor.
The system according to claim 16 or 17. The sensor contains an ID associated with the system.
The system according to any one of claims 16-18. The gateway confirms the ID with respect to the ledger of the system.
The system includes the ledger,
The system according to claim 19. The gateway confirms the secure key in the internal memory of the gateway,
All data transmitted through the gateway is end-to-end encrypted.
The system according to claim 20. The data cannot be read until the user has the required key on the sensor.
The system according to any one of claims 16 to 21. The sensor key is used for accurate clearing of the amount of data transmitted,
The system according to any one of claims 16 to 22. Multiple Bluetooth sensors can connect to multiple gateways that act as gateways to said sensor data destinations.
The system according to any of the prior claims. Utility meters, parking sensors, water / gas leak detectors, firing detectors, air quality sensors, weather sensors, attendance counters, emergency buttons, public transport trackers, street lighting, traffic signals, residential and office security sensors, asset tracking Includes a Bluetooth sensor that includes a sensor in one or more of an instrument, an electric meter, a solar / radiation meter, a vibration sensor,
The system according to any of the prior claims. The system includes a plurality of LPWAN gateways and a plurality of LPWAN sensors connectable to the plurality of LPWAN gateways.
The system according to any of the prior claims. No need to combine a specific sensor with a specific gateway,
The system according to any of the prior claims. Storage of sensor data is recorded in a common ledger to create transparent bills,
The system according to any of the prior claims. The token is a cryptographic token,
The system according to any of the prior claims. The system also provides interoperable and transparent connectivity for cities, individual homes, and large businesses.
The system according to any of the prior claims. A system that includes multiple gateways
The plurality of gateways communicate with the data storage server and
Each gateway includes a transceiver configured to operate at power levels below 5.0 mW.
Each gateway is programmed in the application
The data storage server is configured to receive sensor data from the gateway.
Each gateway runs its own application and receives the sensor data through its respective transceiver.
The data storage server is configured to issue a second token to the gateway after receiving the sensor data from the gateway.
The data storage server is further configured to store the received sensor data in the data storage server or store the received sensor data in the service provider server.
The token transaction of the first token and the second token is stored in the system.
The system according to any of the prior claims. The sensor data is stored using the blockchain system and
The token transaction of the first token and the second token is stored using the blockchain system.
The gateway is a node registered in the blockchain system.
The system according to claim 31. The plurality of gateways include a plurality of LR gateways and a plurality of BLE gateways.
The system according to claim 31 or 32. The gateway is configured to receive the sensor data from a plurality of devices registered in the service provider server.
The system according to any one of claims 31 to 33. A system that includes multiple service provider servers
The service provider server communicates with the data storage server and
The data storage server generates the first token, receives the record from the service provider server, issues the first token to the service provider server, and receives the first token from the service provider server. Consists of
The token transaction of the first token is stored using the blockchain system and
The service provider server is a node registered in the blockchain system.
The system according to any of the prior claims. A method of storing transactional and acquired sensor data in a system using a transceiver configured to operate at a power level of less than 5.0 mW, wherein the system is a data storage server and a service provider server. And the gateway, the gateway comprising the transceiver configured to operate at a power level of less than 5.0 mW, the gateway being programmed in an application, and the service provider server communicating with the data storage server. Then, the gateway communicates with the data storage server,
(I) The step in which the data storage server generates the first token, and
(Ii) A step in which the data storage server receives a record from the service provider server, issues a first token to the service provider server, and receives the first token from the service provider server.
(Iii) A step in which the gateway executes the application and receives sensor data from the sensors or from a plurality of sensors via the transceiver configured to operate at a power level of less than 5.0 mW. ,
(Iv) A step in which the data storage server receives the sensor data from the gateway.
(V) A step in which the data storage server issues a second token to the gateway after receiving the sensor data from the gateway.
(Vi) A step in which the data storage server stores the received sensor data in the data storage server, or stores the received sensor data in the service provider server.
(Vii) The method comprising storing the token transaction of the first token and the second token in the system. The step comprising using any of the systems of claims 1-35.
36. The method of claim 36.