JP2020532619A - Transmission lubricant composition - Google Patents

Abstract

a) Synthetic poly-alpha-olefin-based fluid; b) Organic molybdenum friction modifier; c) Combination of abrasion resistant additive with alkylphosphorothiolate and hydrocarbylamine; and d) Dihydrocarbyldithiophosphate extreme pressure additive and A lubricant composition comprising optionally one or more e) copper corrosion inhibitors; f) defoaming agents; g) solubilizers; h) polymer viscosity index improvers; and i) oligomeric viscosity modifiers. Very suitable for use in transmission synchronizers.

Description

Cross-references to related applications This application claims the benefit of US Patent Provisional Application No. 62 / 551,588, filed August 29, 2017. The contents of this application are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

The technical field to which the invention belongs The present invention relates to an improved lubricant for a transmission having metal synchromesh components with improved performance.

Background When problems occur with transmission synchronizer components, large amounts of oil can lead to suboptimal friction or high wear of the components, leading to synchromesh damage and gear or bearing failure or failure.

The synchronizer is one of the more important components of the gearbox. Improving performance, reducing shift forces, and minimizing energy loss between gears are the main challenges for synchronizer systems. By increasing the capabilities of mechanical systems and introducing different synchronizers of different designs and materials, existing synchronizer designs can be economically reengineered into more efficient designs. Lubricants and additives for transmission lubricants need to be remixed for these designs to maintain proper friction between the interacting parts of the synchronizer and protect these parts from wear. be able to.

With conventional gear oils or transmission oils, the lubricated surface is not adequately protected from abrasive wear or corrosive wear.

Overview Therefore, a) synthetic poly-alpha-olefin-based fluids; b) organic molybdenum friction modifiers; c) a combination of abrasion resistant additives with alkylphosphorothiolates and hydrocarbylamines; and d) dihydrocarbyldithiophosphate extreme pressure. Lubricating compositions containing additives are disclosed.

The lubricant composition is advantageously one of e) copper corrosion inhibitors; f) defoamers; g) solubilizers; h) polymer viscosity index improvers; and i) oligomeric viscosity modifiers. Can contain the above.

Also disclosed is a method of lubricating the surface of a transmission synchronizer, the method comprising supplying a lubricant composition to the surface of the transmission synchronizer.

Detailed Description Synthetic poly-alpha-olefins include Group IV poly-alpha-olefins (PAOs), including low-viscosity or high-viscosity fluids. Included are known PAO materials that generally contain relatively low molecular weight hydrogenated polymers or oligomers of alpha olefins, which include alpha olefins from C ₂ to about C ₃₂ , such as 1-octene, 1-. Includes, but is not limited to, C ₈ to about C ₁₆ alpha olefins such as decene and 1-dodecene. Examples of poly-alpha-olefins are poly-1-octenes, poly-1-decenes and poly-1-dodecenes, as well as dimers of higher olefins in the range C _14- C ₁₈ that provide a low viscosity basestock. is there. In some embodiments, synthetic poly-alpha-olefins include trimers and tetramers of 1-octene and / or 1-decene.

Low-viscosity PAO fluids include, for example, aluminum trifluoride, boron trifluoride, or a polymer of boron trifluoride and water, alcohols such as ethanol, propanol or butanol, carboxylic acids, or esters such as ethyl acetate or ethyl propionate. It can be prepared by polymerizing the alpha olefin in the presence of a polymerization catalyst, such as a Friedel-Crafts catalyst. The method is, for example, US Pat. No. 3,382,291; No. 3,742,082; No. 3,769,363; No. 3,876,720; The same No. 4,149,178; the same No. 4,239,930; the same No. 4,367,352; the same No. 4,413,156; the same No. 4,434. It is disclosed in 408; 4,910,355; 4,965,122; and 5,068,487.

In some embodiments, the synthetic base fluid is about 62% by weight (% by weight), about 63% by weight, about 64% by weight, about 65% by weight, about 66% by weight, based on the weight of the total composition. About 67% by weight, about 68% by weight, about 69% by weight, about 70% by weight, about 71% by weight, about 72% by weight, about 73% by weight, about 74% by weight, about 75% by weight or about 76% by weight ~ About 77% by weight, about 78% by weight, about 79% by weight, about 80% by weight, about 81% by weight, about 82% by weight, about 83% by weight, about 84% by weight, about 85% by weight, about 86% by weight, There are about 87% by weight or about 88% by weight.

Examples of the organic molybdenum friction modifier include organic molybdenum dithiocarbamate, organic molybdenum dithiophosphate, molybdenum carboxylate salt, molybdenum-amine complex, molybdenum amine / alcohol / amide complex, molybdenum cluster compound and molybdenum disulfide.

In certain embodiments, the organic molybdenum friction modifier is about 0.2% to about 1.0% by weight or about 0.3% to about 0.7% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. About 0.8% by weight or about 0.9% by weight; for example, about 0.40% by weight, about 0.41% by weight, about 0.42% by weight, about 0.43% by weight, about 0.44% by weight. , About 0.45% by weight, about 0.46% by weight, about 0.47% by weight, about 0.48% by weight, about 0.49% by weight, about 0.50% by weight or about 0.51% by weight ~ About 0.52% by weight, about 0.53% by weight, about 0.54% by weight, about 0.55% by weight, about 0.56% by weight, about 0.57% by weight, about 0.58% by weight, about It is 0.59% by weight or about 0.60% by weight.

［式中、
Ｒ_１、Ｒ_２およびＲ_３は、それぞれ独立してヒドロカルビルまたは水素であり、ここで、Ｒ_１、Ｒ_２およびＲ_３のうちの少なくとも１つはヒドロカルビルであり、かつ
Ｘ_１、Ｘ_２およびＸ_３は、独立して酸素または硫黄である；例えば、Ｘ_１、Ｘ_２およびＸ_３のそれぞれが酸素であるか、それぞれが硫黄である場合、またはＸ_１、Ｘ_２およびＸ_３のうちの２つが酸素であり、他が硫黄である場合、またはＸ_１、Ｘ_２およびＸ_３のうちの２つが硫黄であり、他が酸素である場合である］のものである。 In some embodiments, the alkylphosphorothiolate is the formula

[During the ceremony,
R ₁ , R ₂ and R ₃ are independently hydrocarbyl or hydrogen, respectively, where at least one of R ₁ , R ₂ and R ₃ is hydrocarbyl and X ₁ , X ₂ and X. ₃ is independently oxygen or sulfur; for example, if each of X ₁ , X ₂ and X ₃ is oxygen or each is sulfur, or _{2 of} X ₁ , X ₂ and X ₃ one is an oxygen, and other is sulfur, or two of X _1, X ₂ and X ₃ is sulfur, but other is when is oxygen.

Hydrocarbylamines can be selected from the group consisting of alkylenediamines such as N-hydrocarbyltrimethylenediamines such as N-oleyl-trimethylenediamine, N-taro-trimethylenediamine or N-coco-trimethylenediamine.

In some embodiments, the hydrocarbyl amines are primary hydrocarbyl amines, for example _C 4 _{-C 30} alkylamine or _C 8 _{-C 20} alkylamine, e.g. n- hexylamine, n- octylamine, n- decylamine, n It is selected from the group consisting of -dodecylamine, n-tetradecylamine, n-pentadecylamine, n-hexadecylamine or n-octadecylamine.

In some embodiments, the alkylphosphorothiolate / hydrocarbylamine abrasion resistant additive is from about 0.2% to about 1.0% by weight or about 0.3% by weight based on the total weight of the composition. ~ About 0.7% by weight, about 0.8% by weight or about 0.9% by weight; for example, about 0.40% by weight, about 0.41% by weight, about 0.42% by weight, about 0.43% by weight. %, About 0.44% by weight, about 0.45% by weight, about 0.46% by weight, about 0.47% by weight, about 0.48% by weight, about 0.49% by weight, about 0.50% by weight. Or about 0.51% by weight to about 0.52% by weight, about 0.53% by weight, about 0.54% by weight, about 0.55% by weight, about 0.56% by weight, about 0.57% by weight, It is about 0.58% by weight, about 0.59% by weight or about 0.60% by weight.

The weight / weight ratio of alkylphosphorothiolate to hydrocarbylamine is, for example, about 1/9, about 1/8, about 1/7, about 1/6, about 1/5, about 1/4, about 1 / 3, about 1/2 or about 1/1 to about 2/1, about 3/1, about 4/1, about 5/1, about 6/1, about 7/1, about 8/1 or about 9 It is / 1.

［式中、
Ｒ_４、Ｒ_５およびＲ_６は、それぞれ独立してヒドロカルビルである］のものである。 In some embodiments, the dihydrocarbyldithiophosphate is a formula.

[During the ceremony,
R _{4, R 5} and _{R 6} are those of independently hydrocarbyl.

［式中、
Ｒ_５およびＲ_６は、独立してＣ_３〜Ｃ_１８アルキル、Ｃ_５〜Ｃ_１２シクロアルキル、Ｃ_９〜Ｃ_１０ビシクロアルキルメチル、Ｃ_９〜Ｃ_１０トリシクロアルキルメチル、フェニルまたはＣ_７〜Ｃ_２４アルキルフェニルであるか、または酸素原子に一緒に結合したＲ_５およびＲ_６は、

であり、かつ
Ｒ_７は、水素またはメチルである；例えば、Ｒ_５およびＲ_６が、２−メチルプロピルである場合、Ｒ_７は、メチルである］のものである。 For example, dihydrocarbyldithiophosphate is the formula

[During the ceremony,
R ₅ and R ₆ are independently C _{3 to} C ₁₈ alkyl, C _{5 to} C ₁₂ cycloalkyl, C _{9 to} C ₁₀ bicycloalkyl methyl, C _{9 to} C ₁₀ tricycloalkyl methyl, phenyl or C ₇ to C. R ₅ and R ₆ which are _24- alkylphenyl or are bonded together to an oxygen atom

And R ₇ is hydrogen or methyl; for example, if R ₅ and R ₆ are 2-methylpropyl, then R ₇ is methyl].

In certain embodiments, the dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate extreme pressure additive is from about 0.2 to about 1.2% by weight or from about 0.3% to about 0.8% by weight based on the total weight of the composition. , About 0.9% by weight, about 1.0% by weight or about 1.1% by weight; for example, about 0.50% by weight, about 0.51% by weight, about 0.52% by weight, about 0. 53% by weight, about 0.54% by weight, about 0.55% by weight, about 0.56% by weight, about 0.57% by weight, about 0.58% by weight, about 0.59% by weight, about 0.60 Weight% or about 0.61% by weight to about 0.62% by weight, about 0.63% by weight, about 0.64% by weight, about 0.65% by weight, about 0.66% by weight, about 0.67% by weight %, About 0.68% by weight, about 0.69% by weight or about 0.70% by weight.

Abrasion resistant additives and extreme pressure additives are disclosed, for example, in US Pat. Nos. 8,404,624 and US Patent Application Publication No. 2005/090410.

Copper corrosion inhibitors constitute another class of additives suitable for inclusion in the compositions of the present invention. Such compounds include thiazole, triazole, and thiadiazole. Examples of such compounds include benzotriazole, triltriazole, octyltriazole, decyltriazole, dodecyltriazole, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole, 2-mercapto-5. Hydrocarbylthio-1,3,4-thiadiazole, 2-mercapto-5-hydrocarbyldithio-1,3,4-thiadiazole, 2,5-bis (hydrocarbylthio) -1,3,4-thiadiazole, and 2,5 -Bis (hydrocarbyldithio) -1,3,4-thiadiazole is included. For example, 1,3,4-thiadiazole is commercially available and is also available with triazoles such as triltriazole and 2,5-bis (alkyldithio) -1,3,4-thiadiazole or 2-alkyldithio. It is a combination with 1,3,4-thiadiazole such as -5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole. These types of materials on the market include COBRATEC TT-100 and HITEC 4313. 1,3,4-Thiadiazole is generally synthesized from hydrazine and carbon disulfide by known procedures. For example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,765,289; 2,749,311; 2,760,933; 2,850,453; 2. , 910, 439; 3,663,561; 3,862,798; and 3,840,549.

The copper corrosion inhibitor, in certain embodiments, is about 0.10% to about 0.60% or about 0.10% to about 0.40% or about 0.40% by weight or about 0.40% by weight based on the total weight of the composition. 0.50% by weight; for example, about 0.10% by weight, about 0.11% by weight, about 0.12% by weight, about 0.13% by weight, about 0.14% by weight, about 0.15% by weight, About 0.16% by weight, about 0.17% by weight, about 0.18% by weight, about 0.19% by weight or about 0.20% by weight to about 0.21% by weight, about 0.22% by weight, about 0.23% by weight, about 0.24% by weight, about 0.25% by weight, about 0.26% by weight, about 0.27% by weight, about 0.28% by weight, about 0.29% by weight or about 0 .30% by weight may be present.

The defoaming agent includes silicone oil, silicone resin, silicone glycol and the like. In one embodiment of the invention, the antifoaming agent comprises silicone oil. In some embodiments of the invention, the defoaming agent comprises a hydrocarbon or a blend of silicone and a hydrocarbon. In certain embodiments of the present invention, the defoaming agent contains trace amounts of silicone components such as silicone oil, silicone resin, silicone glycol and the like.

Silicone oils are generally not limited and may include any silicone oil known in the art that does not adversely affect the lubricating properties of the resulting lubricating oil composition. Suitable silicone oils may include liquid polymerized siloxanes (polyorganosiloxanes) containing one or more organic groups. Examples of suitable silicone oils include polyalkylsiloxanes (eg, polydimethylsiloxane-PDMS), polyarylsiloxanes, polyalkoxysiloxanes, polyaryloxysiloxanes, fluorinated polysiloxanes (eg, trifluoropropylmethylsilicones), and the like. Combinations of, etc. are included, but are not limited to these. Generally, silicone oils suitable for use in the present invention are at least 0.5 mm ² / s (cSt) at 25 ° C., eg, about 0.5 to about 1,000,000 mm ² / s (cSt) or about 10. It can have a kinematic viscosity of 000 to about 600,000 mm ² / s (cSt). Silicone oil defoams in an amount in the range of about 0.01 to 99% by weight, in an amount in the range of about 1 to about 10% by weight, and in an amount of up to 1% by weight, based on the total weight of the defoaming agent. It may be present in the agent or not at all in the antifoaming agent. Further, the concentration of silicone oil present in the lubricating oil composition can be in the range of 0.1 to 500 ppm by weight, 1 to 100 ppm by weight, or 1 to 50 ppm by weight.

Optionally, the defoaming agent further adds solvents such as paraffin mineral oil, naphthenic mineral oil, petroleum naphtha, aromatics, toluene, xylene, benzene, hexane, heptane, octane, dodecane, kerosene and the like and combinations thereof. Can include. The defoaming agent can be dispersed or dissolved in a solvent. The defoaming agent may include a nonionic surfactant.

In certain embodiments, the defoaming agent has a density of about 0.7 kg / L to about 0.9 kg / L at 20 ° C., a viscosity of less than about 30 mPas at 25 ° C., and a viscosity of about 20 mm ² / s at 40 ° C. Can have kinematic viscosity. Exemplary antifoaming agents that can be used in the present invention include, but are not limited to, Foam Ban® 130B and Synative® AC AMH 2.

In certain embodiments, the lubricant composition may comprise a solvent capable of dispersing or dissolving the defoaming compound.

In some embodiments, the antifoaming agent is about 0.10% to about 1.20% or about 0.20% to about 0.80% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. 0.90% by weight, about 1.00% by weight or about 1.10% by weight; for example, about 0.50% by weight, about 0.51% by weight, about 0.52% by weight, about 0.53% by weight, About 0.54% by weight, about 0.55% by weight, about 0.56% by weight, about 0.57% by weight or about 0.58% by weight to about 0.59% by weight, about 0.60% by weight to about 0.61% by weight, about 0.62% by weight, about 0.63% by weight, about 0.64% by weight, about 0.65% by weight, about 0.66% by weight, about 0.67% by weight, about 0 There are .68% by weight, about 0.69% by weight or about 0.70% by weight.

In other embodiments, the defoaming agent is about 0.20% by weight, about 0.21% by weight, about 0.22% by weight, about 0.23% by weight, about 0, based on the total weight of the composition. .24% by weight, about 0.25% by weight, about 0.26% by weight, about 0.27% by weight, about 0.28% by weight, about 0.29% by weight or about 0.30% by weight to about 0. 31% by weight, about 0.32% by weight, about 0.33% by weight, about 0.34% by weight, about 0.35% by weight, about 0.36% by weight, about 0.37% by weight, about 0.38. Weight%, about 0.39% by weight, about 0.40% by weight, about 0.41% by weight, about 0.42% by weight, about 0.43% by weight, about 0.44% by weight, about 0.45% by weight %, About 0.46% by weight, about 0.47% by weight, about 0.48% by weight or about 0.49% by weight.

In yet another embodiment, the antifoaming agent is present up to about 0.1% by weight, from about 0.01% to about 0.1% by weight or from about 0.02% to about 0.06% by weight.

The composition advantageously comprises a solubilizer, eg, C _{4 to} C ₁₄ or C _{6 to} C ₁₀ α, ω-di-carboxylic acid having a pour point of about −45 ° C. or lower, eg, −55 ° C. or lower. It may contain an oil-soluble di-alkyl ester of acid. For example, diesters include C _{8 to} C ₁₃ alkanol adipates, azelates, sebacates and mixtures thereof. Examples include tri-methylpropyltricaprylate, di-isodecylglutarate, di-isododecylglutarate, di-isooctyl adipate, di- (2-ethylhexyl) adipate, di-isononyl adipate, di-iso. Decyl adipate, di- (tridecylic) adipate, di-propylheptyl adipate, di-propyl adipate, di- (2-ethylhexyl) sebacate, di-isooctyl sebacate, di-octyl azelate, di-isooctyl azelate, Includes di- (2-ethylhexyl) azelate, di-isooctyldodecandide and mixtures thereof. Mixtures of two or more different types of diesters (eg, dialkyl adipic acid and dialkyl azelaate) can also be used.

The solubilizer is, for example, about 1.0% by weight to about 9.0% by weight or about 2.0% by weight or about 3.0% by weight to about 7.0% by weight based on the total weight of the composition. Or about 8.0% by weight; for example, about 4.0% by weight, about 4.1% by weight, about 4.2% by weight, about 4.3% by weight, about 4.4% by weight, about 4.5% by weight. %, About 4.6% by weight, about 4.7% by weight, about 4.8% by weight, about 4.9% by weight or about 5.0% by weight to about 5.1% by weight, about 5.2% by weight. , About 5.3% by weight, about 5.4% by weight, about 5.5% by weight, about 5.6% by weight, about 5.7% by weight, about 5.8% by weight, about 5.9% by weight or Approximately 6.0% by weight may be present.

Polymer viscosity index improvers include polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, vinylpyrrolidone / methacrylate copolymers, polyvinylpyrrolidones, polybutenes, olefin copolymers, styrene / acrylate copolymers and polyethers. Commercially available polymer viscosity index improvers include VISCOPLEX and ACRYLOID products.

The polymer viscosity index improver is, for example, about 1.0% by weight to about 9.0% by weight or about 2.0% by weight or about 3.0% by weight to about 7.0 based on the total weight of the composition. By weight% or about 80% by weight; for example, about 4.0% by weight, about 4.1% by weight, about 4.2% by weight, about 4.3% by weight, about 4.4% by weight, about 4.5% by weight. %, About 4.6% by weight, about 4.7% by weight, about 4.8% by weight, about 4.9% by weight or about 5.0% by weight to about 5.1% by weight, about 5.2% by weight. , About 5.3% by weight, about 5.4% by weight, about 5.5% by weight, about 5.6% by weight, about 5.7% by weight, about 5.8% by weight, about 5.9% by weight or Approximately 6.0% by weight may be present.

Oligomer viscosity modifiers include olefin co-oligomers, such as ethylene co-alpha-olefin oligomers, such as ethylene-propylene co-oligomers. A commercially available co-oligomer is LUCANT HC 1100.

The oligomer viscosity modifier is, for example, about 1.0% by weight to about 9.0% by weight or about 2.0% by weight or about 3.0% by weight to about 7.0% by weight based on the total weight of the composition. % Or about 8.0% by weight; for example, about 4.0% by weight, about 4.1% by weight, about 4.2% by weight, about 4.3% by weight, about 4.4% by weight, about 4.5%. Weight%, about 4.6% by weight, about 4.7% by weight, about 4.8% by weight, about 4.9% by weight or about 5.0% by weight to about 5.1% by weight, about 5.2% by weight %, About 5.3% by weight, about 5.4% by weight, about 5.5% by weight, about 5.6% by weight, about 5.7% by weight, about 5.8% by weight, about 5.9% by weight. Or it may be present in about 6.0% by weight.

Hydrocarbyls are hydrocarbon-containing groups such as aryl, alkaline, linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl, cycloalkyl or cycloalkylalkyl, which may be by one or more heteroatomic or aryl groups. It may be interrupted or substituted, eg, interrupted or interrupted by one or more, eg, 1-3, -O- groups, -NH- groups or -C (O) O- groups, and / or one or more. For example, it may be substituted with 1 to 3 halogen groups, hydroxyl groups, carboxylic acid groups, amino groups, thiol groups, phosphonate groups or aryl groups. Aryl includes phenyl and substituted phenyls such as alkyl substituted phenyls. Hydrocarbyl can contain, for example, 1 to 150 carbon atoms.

The term "organic" is equivalent to "hydrocarbyl".

Alkyl includes 1 to 25 linear or branched carbon atom chains, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, 2-ethylbutyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, 1-methylpentyl, 1,3-dimethylbutyl, n-hexyl, 1-methylhexyl, n-heptyl, isoheptyl, 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl, 1-methylheptyl, 3-Methylheptyl, n-octyl, 2-ethylhexyl, 1,1,3-trimethylhexyl, 1,1,3,3-tetramethylpentyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, 1-methylundecyl, dodecyl, 1, Includes 1,3,3,5,5-hexamethylhexyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, icosyl and docosyl. The alkenyl group is, for example, an unsaturated version of the alkyl group.

Cycloalkyls are, for example, C _{5 to} C ₁₂ cycloalkyls, such as cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl. Cycloalkylalkyls are, for example, C _{5 to} C ₁₂ cycloalkyl-C _{1 to} C ₄ alkyls, such as cyclopentylmethyl, 2-cyclopentylethyl, cyclohexylmethyl or 2-cyclohexylethyl. Bi-cycloalkyl or tri-cycloalkyl means, for example, bi-cyclohexylmethyl or the like.

The composition advantageously comprises solvents, hindered phenolic antioxidants, amine antioxidants, metal passivators, rust inhibitors, flow point depressants, dispersants, additional defoamers, anti-emulsifiers. , Additional friction modifiers, additional wear resistant additives and additional components selected from the group consisting of mixtures thereof.

［式中、ＲおよびＲ’は、Ｃ_１〜Ｃ_２０アルキル、Ｃ_３〜Ｃ_２０アルケニル、Ｃ_５〜Ｃ_１２シクロアルキル、Ｃ_７〜Ｃ_１３アラルキルおよびＣ_６〜Ｃ_１０アリールからなる群から独立して選択され、Ｍは、Ａｌ、Ｐｂ、Ｓｎ、Ｍｎ、Ｃｏ、Ｎｉ、ＺｎおよびＣｕからなる群から選択される金属であり、ｘは、２または３であり、かつｙは、１または２である］のヒドロカルビルジチオホスフェートの金属錯体化合物をさらに含み得る。適したジヒドロカルビルジチオホスフェートは、例えば、亜鉛ジアルキルジチオホスフェートである。 The composition is formulated as a further wear resistant additive.

[In the formula, R and R'are independent of the group consisting of C _{1 to} C ₂₀ alkyl, C _{3 to} C ₂₀ alkenyl, C _{5 to} C ₁₂ cycloalkyl, C _{7 to} C ₁₃ aralkyl and C _{6 to} C ₁₀ aryl. M is a metal selected from the group consisting of Al, Pb, Sn, Mn, Co, Ni, Zn and Cu, x is 2 or 3, and y is 1 or 2. ] May further comprise a metal complex compound of hydrocarbyldithiophosphate. Suitable dihydrocarbyldithiophosphates are, for example, zinc dialkyldithiophosphates.

Solvents include paraffinic mineral oils, naphthenic mineral oils, petroleum naphtha, aromatics, toluene, xylene, benzene, hexane, heptane, octane, dodecane, kerosene and the like and combinations thereof.

The phenolic antioxidants which may be used, 3,5-bis (1,1-dimethyl - ethyl) -4-hydroxy - _C 7 -C ₉ branched chain alkyl esters of benzene propanoic acid, 2-t- Butylphenol, 2-t-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2-t-butyl-5-methylphenol, 2,4-di-t-butylphenol, 2,4-dimethyl-6-t-butylphenol, 2-t- Butyl-4-methoxyphenol, 3-t-butyl-4-methoxyphenol, 2,5-di-t-butylhydroquinone, 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-alkylphenol, such as 2,6-di- t-butylphenol, 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenol and 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-ethylphenol, 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-alkoxyphenol, for example , 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methoxyphenol and 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-ethoxyphenol, 3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl mercaptooctyl acetate, alkyl -3- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, for example n-octadecyl-3- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, n-butyl -3- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate and 2'-ethylhexyl-3- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, 2,6- dt-Butyl-α-dimethylamino-p-cresol, 2,2'-methylene-bis (4-alkyl-6-t-butylphenol), for example 2,2'-methylenebis (4-methyl-6-) t-butylphenol, and 2,2-methylenebis (4-ethyl-6-t-butylphenol), bisphenol, eg, 4,4'-butylidenebis (3-methyl-6-t-butylphenol, 4,4'-methylenebis ( 2,6-di-t-butylphenol), 4,4'-bis (2,6-di-t-butylphenol), 2,2- (di-p-hydroxyphenyl) propane, 2,2-bis (3) , 5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, 4,4'-cyclohexylidenebis (2,6-t-butylphenol), hexamethylene glycol-bis [3- (3,5-di-) t-Butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate], triethyleneglyce Phenol [3- (3-t-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl) propionate], 2,2'-thio- [diethyl-3- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) ) Propionate], 3,9-bis {1,1-dimethyl-2- [3- (3-t-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methyl-phenyl) propionyloxy] ethyl} 2,4,8,10 -Tetraoxaspiro [5,5] undecane, 4,4'-thiobis (3-methyl-6-t-butylphenol) and 2,2'-thiobis (4,6-di-t-butylresorcinol), polyphenol , For example, tetrakis [methylene-3- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate] methane, 1,1,3-tris (2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-t-butyl). Phenyl) butane, 1,3,5-trimethyl-2,4,6-tris (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) benzene, bis- [3,3'-bis (4'-) Hydroxy-3'-t-butylphenyl) butyric acid] glycol ester, 2- (3', 5'-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) methyl-4- (2 ", 4" -di- t-butyl-3''-hydroxyphenyl) methyl-6-t-butylphenol and 2,6-bis (2'-hydroxy-3'-t-butyl-5'-methylbenzyl) -4-methylphenol, and Includes pt-butylphenol-formaldehyde condensate and pt-butylphenol-acetaldehyde condensate.

Amine-based antioxidants that may be conveniently used include alkylated diphenylamines, phenyl-α-naphthylamines, phenyl-β-naphthylamines and alkylated α-naphthylamines.

Exemplary amine-based antioxidants include dialkyldiphenylamines such as p, p'-dioctyl-diphenylamine, p, p'-di-α-methylbenzyl-diphenylamine, and N-p-butylphenyl-N-p. '-Octylphenylamine, monoalkyldiphenylamine, eg mono-t-butyldiphenylamine and mono-octyldiphenylamine, bis (dialkylphenyl) amine, eg di- (2,4-diethylphenyl) amine and di (2-ethyl) -4-Nonylphenyl) amine, alkylphenyl-1-naphthylamine, such as octylphenyl-1-naphthylamine and nt-dodecylphenyl-1-naphthylamine, 1-naphthylamine, arylnaphthylamine, such as phenyl-1-naphthylamine, Phenyl-2-naphthylamine, N-hexylphenyl-2-naphthylamine and N-octylphenyl-2-naphthylamine, phenylenediamine, such as N, N'-diisopropyl-p-phenylenediamine and N, N'-diphenyl-p- Includes phenylenediamines, and phenothylamines such as phenothylamine and 3,7-dioctylphenothiazine.

Examples of rust preventives include 1) organic acids, their esters, metal salts, amine salts and anhydrides such as alkyl- and alkenyl succinic acids, and partial esters of them with alcohols, diols or hydroxycarboxylic acids. Partial amides of alkyl- and alkenyl succinic acids, 4-nonylphenoxyacetic acid, alkoxy- and alkoxyethoxycarboxylic acids such as dodecyloxyacetic acid, dodecyloxy (ethoxy) acetic acid and their amine salts, as well as N-oleoyl sarcosin, Sorbitane monooleate, lead naphthenate, alkenyl succinic acid anhydrides such as dodecenyl succinic acid anhydride, 2- (2-carboxyethyl) -1-dodecyl-3-methylglycerin and salts thereof, such as sodium salts and triethanol. Amine salts; 2) Nitrogen-containing compounds such as: i) Primary, secondary or tertiary aliphatic or alicyclic amines and amine salts of organic and inorganic acids such as oil-soluble alkylammonium carboxylates, Furthermore, 1- (N, N-bis (2-hydroxyethyl) amino) -3- (4-nonylphenoxy) propan-2-ol; ii) heterocyclic compounds such as: substituted imidazoline and oxazoline, 2-heptadecenyl. -1- (2-Hydroxyethyl) -imidazoline; 3) phosphorus-containing compounds, such as amine salts of phosphate partial esters or phosphonic acid partial esters, zinc dialkyldithiophosphate; 4) sulfur-containing compounds, such as: dinonylnaphthalene sulfone. Barium acid, calcium petroleum sulfonate, alkylthio-substituted aliphatic carboxylic acids, esters of aliphatic 2-sulfocarboxylic acids and salts thereof; and 5) glycerin derivatives such as: glycerin monooleate, 1- (alkylphenoxy) -3. Includes − (2-hydroxyethyl) glycerin, 1- (alkylphenoxy) -3- (2,3-dihydroxypropyl) glycerin, 2-carboxyalkyl-1,3-dialkylglycerin.

Pour point depressants include alkylated naphthalene derivatives.

Dispersants / surfactants include polybutenyl succinamide or -imide, polybutenyl phosphonic acid derivatives and basic magnesium, calcium and barium sulfonates, phenolates and salicylates.

Further antifoaming agents include alcohol ethoxy / propoxylate, fatty acid ethoxy / propoxylate, sorbitan partial fatty acid ester and the like.

Anti-emulsifiers include polyether polyols and dinonylnaphthalene sulfonates.

Further friction modifiers include fatty acids and their derivatives (ie, natural esters of fatty acids such as glycerol monooleates), amides, imides and amines (ie, oleylamine, diisotridecylamine).

Additional wear-resistant additives include sulfur and / or phosphorus and / or halogen-containing compounds such as olefin sulfide and vegetable oils, tritryl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, chlorinated paraffin, alkyl and aryl di- and trisulfide, mono-. And dialkylphosphate amine salt, methylphosphonic acid amine salt, diethanolaminomethyltriltriazole, di- (2-ethylhexyl) -aminomethyltriltriazole, 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole derivative, ethyl ( Bisisopropyloxyphosphinothioate) thiopropionate, triphenylthiophosphate (triphenylphosphorothioate), tris (alkylphenyl) phosphorothioate and mixtures thereof (eg, tris (isonononylphenyl) phosphorothioate), diphenylmonononylphenylphosphorothioate , Isobutyldiphenylphosphorothioate, dodecylamine salt of 3-hydroxy-1,3-thiaphosfetan 3-oxide, trithiophosphate 5,5,5-tris-isooctyl2-acetate, derivatives of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, eg 1-N , N-bis (2-ethylhexyl) aminomethyl-2-mercapto-1H-1,3-benzothiazole and ethoxycarbonyl5-octyldithiocarbamate.

In some embodiments, the additional ingredients are up to about 21% by weight, up to about 15% by weight, up to about 10% by weight, up to about 5% by weight, up to about 1% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. About 0.0% to about 0.9% by weight or about 0.1% to about 21% by weight; for example, about 1% by weight, about 2% by weight, about 3% by weight based on the total weight of the composition. %, About 4% by weight, about 5% by weight, about 6% by weight, about 7% by weight or about 8% by weight to about 9% by weight, about 10% by weight, about 15% by weight, about 18% by weight, about 19% by weight. %, About 20% by weight or about 21% by weight may be present. In some embodiments, the additional ingredients are from about 0.1% to about 1.2% or about 0.2% by weight, about 0.3% by weight, about 0.4% by weight or about 0.5%. It may be present from% to about 0.6% by weight, about 0.7% by weight, about 0.8% by weight, about 0.9% by weight, about 1% by weight or about 1.1% by weight.

The lubricant composition is advantageously measured according to ASTM D445, at 100 ° C., about 9.0 mm ² / s, about 9.5 mm ² / s, about 10.0 mm ² / s, about 10.5 mm. ² / s, about 11.0 mm ² / s, or about 11.5 mm ² / s to about 12.0 mm ² / s, about 12.5 mm ² / s, about 13.0 mm ² / s, about 13.5 mm ² / s, about 14.0 mm ² / s, about 14.5 mm ² / s or about 15.0 mm ² / s; for example, measured according to ASTM D445, at 100 ° C., about 10.0 mm ² / s to about 14. 5 mm ² / s, may indicate a kinematic viscosity of about 11.0 mm ² / s to about 13.5 mm ² / s, or about 11.5 mm ² / s to about 12.5 mm ² / s. Alternatively, the lubricant composition is measured according to ASTM D445 and is about 7 to about 11.5 mm ² / s at 100 ° C; or about 8 to about 10.5 mm ² / s at 100 ° C or about 100 ° C. It can exhibit kinematic viscosities of 9 to about 9.5 mm ² / s.

The present lubricant composition is advantageously been measured according to DIN51398, at -40 ° C., about 10,000 mPa ^* s, about 15,000 mPa ^* s, about 20,000 mPa ^* s, about 25,000 ^* s, or about 30,000mPa ^* s~ about 35,000mPa ^* s, about 40,000mPa ^* s, about 45,000mPa ^* s, about 50,000mPa ^* s, about 55,000mPa ^* s, about 60,000mPa ^* s, It may exhibit kinematic viscosities of about 65,000 mPa ^* s, about 70,000 mPa ^* s, or about 75,000 mPa ^* s.

The present lubricant composition is measured according to ASTM D4052, at 15 ° C., about 820 kg / ^{m 3,} about 830 kg / ^{m 3,} about 840 kg / ^{m 3,} about 850 kg / ^{m 3} ~ about 860 kg / ^{m 3,} about 870kg Density in the range of / m ³ , about 880 kg / m ³ , about 890 kg / m ³ , or about 900 kg / m ³ can be shown.

The phosphorus content of the lubricant composition, as measured according to ASTM 5185, is about 500 ppm, about 600 ppm, about 700 ppm, about 800 ppm, or about 900 ppm to about 1000 ppm, about 1100 ppm, about 1200 ppm, about 1300 ppm, about 1400 ppm, or It can be in the range of about 1500 ppm.

The sulfur content of the lubricant composition, measured according to ASTM 5185, is about 5000 ppm, about 6000 ppm, about 7000 ppm, about 8000 ppm, about 9000 ppm, about 9500 ppm, about 9800 ppm to about 10000 ppm, about 10500 ppm, about 11000 ppm, about 11500 ppm. , About 12000 ppm, about 12500 ppm, about 13000 ppm, about 14000 ppm, or about 15000 ppm.

The synchronizer may include a surface selected from the group consisting of molybdenum, bronze, brass, iron, carbon and steel such as sintered bronze.

The total weight of the lubricant composition is 100% and the components of the composition are adjusted to 100% by weight of the total composition. Unless otherwise stated, all parts and percentages are by weight.

Vehicles include passenger cars, trucks, sports multipurpose vehicles, construction vehicles, vans, step vans, minivans, jeeps, agricultural vehicles including tractors, military vehicles, light trucks and the like.

Examples The following examples are provided to aid in the understanding of the invention and should not be construed as specifically limiting the invention described and claimed herein. Such modifications of the invention, including the replacement of all currently known or future equivalents, which are within the skill of one of ordinary skill in the art and may be a formulation change or a minor change in design of experiments. It should be considered to fall within the scope of the invention incorporated herein.

Example 1-Lubricant composition and its preparation method

The lubricant compositions in Table 1 are
(B1) A part of the solubilizer is pre-blended with an organic molybdenum friction modifier and stirred at an ambient temperature in a stirring vessel;
(B2) A synthetic poly-alpha-olefin-based fluid is placed in a blend container and heated to about 35 to 55 ° C. with stirring, and then a polymer viscosity index improver and an oligomer viscosity regulator are added to improve the viscosity index. Stir until the agent and viscosity modifier are completely dissolved;
(B3) The blend container is charged with a friction modifier, a dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate extreme pressure additive, additional components, a combination of alkylphosphorothiolate and hydrocarbylamine wear resistant additives, and a copper corrosion inhibitor, and about 35. Stir at ~ 55 ° C. for about 10 minutes to about 1 hour;
(B4) The pre-blend from (B1) is placed in a blend container and the rest of the solubilizer is added;
(B5) The composition in the blend vessel can be prepared by cooling to about 35 ° C., adding an antifoaming agent and stirring for about 10 minutes to about 1 hour.

It should be understood that the compositions and corresponding blending procedures in Table 1 are merely exemplary and should not be construed as limiting.

Example 2-Compatibility test between the lubricant composition and the sintered bronze friction material The compatibility between the lubricant composition of Example 1 and the surface of the sintered bronze synchronizer is adjusted at a high oil temperature of about 120 ° C. It was evaluated by testing the friction and durability behavior of the lubricant composition using standard synchronizer test equipment ZF / ZFG SSP 180. Daimler's double cone synchronizer DK-140 was used with sintered bronze (HS45) friction material. The test was run for 288,935 cycles before any failure was observed (in repeating this test, the number of cycles varied between about 242,000 and about 289,000 cycles). The minimum coefficient of friction at the end of the test was μ _min = 0.070. Axial wear was fairly high. The thermal stability of the lubricant composition was good, and little oil component deposition on the test parts was shown.

Example 3-Compatibility test between the lubricant composition and the molybdenum friction material The compatibility between the lubricant composition of Example 1 and the surface of the molybdenum synchronizer is tested with a standard synchronizer at a high oil temperature of about 80 ° C. Evaluation was made by testing the occurrence of scuffing and the coefficient of friction using the device ZF / ZFG SSP 180.

Daimler's Synchronizer AK-180 was used with a molybdenum (Mo) friction material. The test was run for a complete 13,000 cycles. Scuffing occurred for the first time at pressure p = 1.94 N / mm ² at the main load stage. The number of scuffing cycles in the main load stage is small, and very small in the next two main load stages. The average coefficient of friction at the end of the test was μ _avg = 0.070.

In the art, there is a need for a lubricant composition that is compatible with a variety of synchronizer friction materials and at the same time meets all other Daimler requirements for heavy-duty truck manual transmissions that comply with specification 235.16. .. The lubricant compositions disclosed herein show good compatibility with various synchronizer friction materials (eg, bronze and molybdenum), as well as Daimler specifications for large manual transmissions according to specification 235.16 Address this need by meeting all of the requirements of.

The articles "a" and "an" herein refer to one or more (eg, at least one) grammatical objects. All scopes described herein are included. The term "about" used throughout is used to describe and describe small variations.

The term "about" has numerical values of ± 5%, ± 4%, ± 3%, ± 2%, ± 1%, ± 0.5%, ± 0.4%, ± 0.3%, ± 0. It can mean that it is changed by 2%, ± 0.1% or ± 0.05%. All numbers are modified by the term "about", whether explicitly stated or not. Numerical values modified by the term "about" include the identified values; that is, "about 5.0" includes 5.0. The measurable level of an atom, element or molecule may depend on the detection method. In part, the term "about" is intended to provide this.

The US patents and published US patent applications listed herein are incorporated herein by reference.

Claims (46)

a) Synthetic poly-alpha-olefin-based fluid;
b) Organic molybdenum friction modifier;
A lubricant composition comprising c) a combination of a wear resistant additive of alkylphosphorothiolates and hydrocarbylamine; and d) an extreme pressure additive of dihydrocarbyldithiophosphate. The composition of claim 1, comprising a synthetic poly-alpha-olefin-based fluid selected from the group consisting of poly-alpha-olefins of about C ₈ to about C ₁₆ . The composition according to claim 1 or 2, comprising a synthetic poly-alpha-olefin-based fluid selected from the group consisting of poly-1-octene, poly-1-decene, poly-1-dodecene and mixtures thereof. The claim comprises a friction modifier selected from the group consisting of organic molybdenum dithiocarbamate, organic molybdenum dithiophosphate, molybdenum carboxylate salt, molybdenum-amine complex, molybdenum amine / alcohol / amide complex, molybdenum cluster compound and molybdenum disulfide. The composition according to any one of 1 to 3. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which comprises a friction modifier selected from the group consisting of organic molybdenum dithiocarbamate. formula

[During the ceremony,
R ₁ , R ₂ and R ₃ are independently hydrocarbyl or hydrogen, where at least one of R ₁ , R ₂ and R ₃ is hydrocarbyl and X ₁ , X ₂ and X. ₃ is independently oxygen or sulfur; for example, if each of X ₁ , X ₂ and X ₃ is oxygen or each is sulfur, or _{2 of} X ₁ , X ₂ and X ₃ one is an oxygen, and other is a sulfur, or a two sulfur of X _1, X ₂ and X _3, including alkyl phosphorothiolate of a is] If other is oxygen, claim The composition according to any one of 1 to 5. Claimed comprising an alkylenediamine, eg, N-hydrocarbyltrimethylenediamine, eg, a hydrocarbylamine selected from the group consisting of N-oleyl-trimethylenediamine, N-taro-trimethylenediamine or N-coco-trimethylenediamine. Item 6. The composition according to any one of Items 1 to 6. Primary hydrocarbyl amines such as C _{4 to} C ₃₀ alkylamines or C _{8 to} C ₂₀ alkylamines such as n-hexylamine, n-octylamine, n-decylamine, n-dodecylamine, n-tetradecylamine, n The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which comprises a hydrocarbyl amine selected from the group consisting of -pentadecylamine, n-hexadecylamine, and n-octadecylamine. The weight / weight ratio of alkylphosphorothiolate to hydrocarbylamine is about 1/9, about 1/8, about 1/7, about 1/6, about 1/5, about 1/4, about 1/3. , About 1/2 or about 1/1-1 to about 2/1, about 3/1, about 4/1, about 5/1, about 6/1, about 7/1, about 8/1 or about 9/1 The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8. formula

[During the ceremony,
R _4, R ₅ and R ₆ comprises a dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate each independently a hydrocarbyl, composition of any one of claims 1 to 9. formula

[During the ceremony,
R ₅ and R ₆ are independently C _{3 to} C ₁₈ alkyl, C _{5 to} C ₁₂ cycloalkyl, C _{9 to} C ₁₀ bicycloalkyl methyl, C _{9 to} C ₁₀ tricycloalkyl methyl, phenyl or C ₇ to C. R ₅ and R ₆ which are _24- alkylphenyl or are bonded together to an oxygen atom

And R ₇ is hydrogen or methyl; for example, if R ₅ and R ₆ are 2-methylpropyl, then R ₇ is methyl], claim 1 comprising dihydrocarbyldithiophosphate. The composition according to any one of 1 to 10. Measured according to ASTM D445, at 100 ° C., about 9.0 mm ² / s, about 9.5 mm ² / s, about 10.0 mm ² / s, about 10.5 mm ² / s, about 11.0 mm ² / s or about 11.5 mm ² / s to about 12.0 mm ² / s, about 12.5 mm ² / s, about 13.0 mm ² / s, about 13.5 mm ² / s, about 14.0 mm ² / s, about 14.5 mm ² / s, or about 15.0 mm ² / s; e.g., be measured in accordance with ASTM D445, at 100 ° C., about 10.0 mm ² / s to about 14.5 mm ² / s, about 11.0 mm ² / having a kinematic viscosity of s to about 13.5 mm ² / s, or about 11.5 mm ² / s to about 12.5 mm ² / s, any one composition as claimed in claims 1 to 11. The synthetic base fluid is about 62% by weight (% by weight), about 63% by weight, about 64% by weight, about 65% by weight, about 66% by weight, about 67% by weight, based on the weight of the total composition. 68% by weight, about 69% by weight, about 70% by weight, about 71% by weight, about 72% by weight, about 73% by weight, about 74% by weight, about 75% by weight or about 76% by weight to about 77% by weight, about 78% by weight, about 79% by weight, about 80% by weight, about 81% by weight, about 82% by weight, about 83% by weight, about 84% by weight, about 85% by weight, about 86% by weight, about 87% by weight or about The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 12, which is 88% by weight. The organic molybdenum friction modifier is about 0.2% by weight to about 1.0% by weight or about 0.3% by weight to about 0.7% by weight, about 0.8% based on the total weight of the composition. By weight% or about 0.9% by weight; for example, about 0.40% by weight, about 0.41% by weight, about 0.42% by weight, about 0.43% by weight, about 0.44% by weight, about 0. 45% by weight, about 0.46% by weight, about 0.47% by weight, about 0.48% by weight, about 0.49% by weight, about 0.50% by weight or about 0.51% by weight to about 0.52 Weight%, about 0.53% by weight, about 0.54% by weight, about 0.55% by weight, about 0.56% by weight, about 0.57% by weight, about 0.58% by weight, about 0.59% by weight The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 13, which is% or about 0.60% by weight. The combination of the wear-resistant additives is about 0.2% by weight to about 1.0% by weight or about 0.3% by weight to about 0.7% by weight, about 0% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. 8% by weight or about 0.9% by weight; for example, about 0.40% by weight, about 0.41% by weight, about 0.42% by weight, about 0.43% by weight, about 0.44% by weight, about 0 .45% by weight, about 0.46% by weight, about 0.47% by weight, about 0.48% by weight, about 0.49% by weight, about 0.50% by weight or about 0.51% by weight to about 0. 52% by weight, about 0.53% by weight, about 0.54% by weight, about 0.55% by weight, about 0.56% by weight, about 0.57% by weight, about 0.58% by weight, about 0.59 The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 14, which is by weight% or about 0.60% by weight. The dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate extreme pressure additive is about 0.2 to about 1.2% by weight or about 0.3% by weight to about 0.8% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition, about 0. 9% by weight, about 1.0% by weight or about 1.1% by weight; for example, about 0.50% by weight, about 0.51% by weight, about 0.52% by weight, about 0.53% by weight, About 0.54% by weight, about 0.55% by weight, about 0.56% by weight, about 0.57% by weight, about 0.58% by weight, about 0.59% by weight, about 0.60% by weight or about 0.61% by weight to about 0.62% by weight, about 0.63% by weight, about 0.64% by weight, about 0.65% by weight, about 0.66% by weight, about 0.67% by weight, about 0 The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 15, which is .68% by weight, about 0.69% by weight or about 0.70% by weight. e) The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 16, which comprises a copper corrosion inhibitor. Based on the total weight of the composition, about 0.10% by weight to about 0.60% by weight or about 0.10% by weight to about 0.40% by weight or about 0.50% by weight; for example, about 0. 10% by weight, about 0.11% by weight, about 0.12% by weight, about 0.13% by weight, about 0.14% by weight, about 0.15% by weight, about 0.16% by weight, about 0.17 %%, About 0.18% by weight, about 0.19% by weight or about 0.20% by weight to about 0.21% by weight, about 0.22% by weight, about 0.23% by weight, about 0.24% by weight %, About 0.25% by weight, about 0.26% by weight, about 0.27% by weight, about 0.28% by weight, about 0.29% by weight, or about 0.30% by weight of copper corrosion inhibitor. , The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 17. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 18, comprising a copper corrosion inhibitor selected from the group consisting of thiazole, triazole and thiadiazole. Benzotriazole, triltriazole, octyltriazole, decyltriazole, dodecyltriazole, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole, 2-mercapto-5-hydrocarbylthio-1,3,4- Thiadiazole, 2-mercapto-5-hydrocarbyldithio-1,3,4-thiadiazole, 2,5-bis (hydrocarbylthio) -1,3,4-thiadiazole and 2,5-bis (hydrocarbyldithio) -1,3 , 4-The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 19, comprising a copper corrosion inhibitor selected from the group consisting of 4-thiadiazole. f) The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 20, which comprises an antifoaming agent. About 0.10% by weight to about 1.20% by weight or about 0.20% by weight to about 0.80% by weight, about 0.90% by weight, about 1.00% by weight based on the total weight of the composition. % Or about 1.10% by weight; for example, about 0.50% by weight, about 0.51% by weight, about 0.52% by weight, about 0.53% by weight, about 0.54% by weight, about 0.55. %%, About 0.56% by weight, about 0.57% by weight or about 0.58% by weight to about 0.59% by weight, about 0.60% by weight to about 0.61% by weight, about 0.62% by weight %, About 0.63% by weight, about 0.64% by weight, about 0.65% by weight, about 0.66% by weight, about 0.67% by weight, about 0.68% by weight, about 0.69% by weight. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 21, which comprises about 0.70% by weight of an antifoaming agent. Selected from the group consisting of silicone oils, silicone resins, silicone glycols and mixtures thereof; for example, polys comprising polyalkylsiloxanes, polyarylsiloxanes, polyalkoxysiloxanes, polyaryloxysiloxanes, fluorinated polysiloxanes and mixtures thereof. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 22, which comprises an antifoaming agent selected from the group consisting of organosiloxane. g) The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 23, which comprises a solubilizing agent. Approximately 1.0% by weight to approximately 9.0% by weight or approximately 2.0% by weight or approximately 3.0% by weight to approximately 7.0% by weight or approximately 8.0% by weight based on the total weight of the composition. %; For example, about 4.0% by weight, about 4.1% by weight, about 4.2% by weight, about 4.3% by weight, about 4.4% by weight, about 4.5% by weight, about 4.6%. Weight%, about 4.7% by weight, about 4.8% by weight, about 4.9% by weight or about 5.0% by weight to about 5.1% by weight, about 5.2% by weight, about 5.3% by weight %, About 5.4% by weight, about 5.5% by weight, about 5.6% by weight, about 5.7% by weight, about 5.8% by weight, about 5.9% by weight or about 6.0% by weight. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 24, which comprises the solubilizer of the above. Can be selected from the group consisting of di-alkyl esters of C _{4 to} C ₁₄ or C _{6 to} C ₁₀ α, ω-di-carboxylic acids with a pour point of about -45 ° C or lower, for example -55 ° C or lower. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 25, which comprises a solubilizer. C _{8 to} C ₁₃ The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 26, which comprises a solubilizer selected from the group consisting of alkanol adipates, azelates, sebacates and mixtures thereof. Tri-methylpropyltricaprylate, di-isodecylglutarate, di-isododecylglutarate, di-isooctyl adipate, di- (2-ethylhexyl) adipate, di-isononyl adipate, di-isodecyl adipate, di -(Tridecyl) adipate, di-propylheptyl adipate, di-propyl adipate, di- (2-ethylhexyl) sebacate, di-isooctyl sebacate, di-octyl azelate, di-isooctyl azelate, di- (2) -Ethylhexyl) The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 27, which comprises a solubilizer selected from the group consisting of azelate, di-isooctyldodecandide and mixtures thereof. h) The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 28, which comprises a polymer viscosity index improver. Approximately 1.0% by weight to approximately 9.0% by weight or approximately 2.0% by weight or approximately 3.0% by weight to approximately 7.0% by weight or approximately 8.0% by weight based on the total weight of the composition. %; For example, about 4.0% by weight, about 4.1% by weight, about 4.2% by weight, about 4.3% by weight, about 4.4% by weight, about 4.5% by weight, about 4.6%. Weight%, about 4.7% by weight, about 4.8% by weight, about 4.9% by weight or about 5.0% by weight to about 5.1% by weight, about 5.2% by weight, about 5.3% by weight %, About 5.4% by weight, about 5.5% by weight, about 5.6% by weight, about 5.7% by weight, about 5.8% by weight, about 5.9% by weight or about 6.0% by weight. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 29, which comprises the polymer viscosity index improver. Any one of claims 1 to 30, comprising a polymeric viscosity index improver selected from the group consisting of polyacrylate, polymethacrylate, vinylpyrrolidone / methacrylate copolymer, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polybutene, styrene / acrylate copolymer and polyether. The composition according to the item. i) The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 31, which comprises an oligomer viscosity modifier. Approximately 1.0% by weight to approximately 9.0% by weight or approximately 2.0% by weight or approximately 3.0% by weight to approximately 7.0% by weight or approximately 8.0% by weight based on the total weight of the composition. %; For example, about 4.0% by weight, about 4.1% by weight, about 4.2% by weight, about 4.3% by weight, about 4.4% by weight, about 4.5% by weight, about 4.6%. Weight%, about 4.7% by weight, about 4.8% by weight, about 4.9% by weight or about 5.0% by weight to about 5.1% by weight, about 5.2% by weight, about 5.3% by weight %, About 5.4% by weight, about 5.5% by weight, about 5.6% by weight, about 5.7% by weight, about 5.8% by weight, about 5.9% by weight or about 6.0% by weight. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 32, which comprises the oligomer viscosity modifier of the above. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 33, comprising an oligomer viscosity modifier selected from the group consisting of olefin co-oligomers, such as ethylene co-alpha-olefin oligomers, such as ethylene-propylene co-oligomers. j) Solvents, hindered phenolic antioxidants, amine antioxidants, metal passivators, rust inhibitors, flow point lowering agents, dispersants, additional defoamers, anti-emulsifiers, additional friction modifiers, additional The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 34, which comprises an additional component selected from the group consisting of an abrasion resistant additive, a detergent and a mixture thereof. Approximately 0.1% by weight to approximately 21% by weight based on the total weight of the composition; for example, approximately 0.5% by weight, approximately 1% by weight, and approximately 2% by weight based on the total weight of the composition. , About 3% by weight, about 4% by weight, about 5% by weight, about 6% by weight, about 7% by weight or about 8% by weight to about 9% by weight, about 10% by weight, about 15% by weight, about 18% by weight. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 35, comprising an additional component of about 19% by weight, about 20% by weight or about 21% by weight. a) Synthetic poly-alpha-olefin-based fluid;
b) Organic molybdenum friction modifier;
c) A combination of alkyl phosphorothiolate and hydrocarbylamine wear resistant additives;
d) Dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate extreme pressure additive; and e) Copper corrosion inhibitor; and / or f) Defoamer; and / or g) Solubilizer; and / or h) Polymer viscosity index improver; and / Or i) Oligomer viscosity modifier; and / or j) Lubricating composition comprising additional components. About 66.0 to about 84.0% by weight a); 0.40 to about 0.60% by weight b); about 66.0 to about 84.0% by weight based on the weight of the total composition, wherein the total composition is 100%. 0.40 to about 0.60% by weight c); and about 0.50 to about 0.70% by weight d); and / or about 0.10 to about 0.30% by weight e); and / Or about 0.50 to about 0.70% by weight f); and / or about 4.0 to about 6.0% by weight g); and / or about 4.0 to about 6.0% by weight h ); And / or about 4.0% to about 6.0% by weight i); and / or about 0.1% by weight to about 21% by weight j). Solvents, hindered phenolic antioxidants, metal passivators, rust inhibitors, flow point depressants, dispersants, additional defoamers, anti-emulsifiers, additional friction modifiers, additional wear resistant additives and mixtures thereof. The composition according to claim 37 or 38, which comprises an additional component selected from the group consisting of. Approximately 0.1% to about 21% by weight based on the total weight of the composition; for example, about 1% by weight, about 2% by weight, about 3% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. 4% by weight, about 5% by weight, about 6% by weight, about 7% by weight or about 8% by weight to about 9% by weight, about 10% by weight, about 15% by weight, about 18% by weight, about 19% by weight, about The composition according to any one of claims 37 to 39, comprising an additional component of 20% by weight or about 21% by weight. A method of lubricating the surface of a transmission synchronizer, which comprises supplying the lubricant composition according to any one of claims 1 to 40 to the surface of the transmission synchronizer. How to lubricate the surface of a synchronizer. 41. The method of claim 41, wherein the synchronizer comprises a surface selected from the group consisting of molybdenum, bronze, brass, iron, carbon and steel. A transmission comprising the lubricant composition according to any one of claims 1 to 40. A gearbox comprising the lubricant composition according to any one of claims 1 to 40. A vehicle comprising the lubricant composition according to any one of claims 1 to 40. A vehicle comprising a transmission, comprising the lubricant composition according to any one of claims 1 to 40.