JP2020500562A - ムコ多糖症ii型のための遺伝子治療 - Google Patents
ムコ多糖症ii型のための遺伝子治療 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、米国特許法第119条(e)の下で、2016年12月6月出願の米国仮特許出願第62/430,819号の優先権を主張するものであり、これはその全体が参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
本出願に関連する配列表は、ハードコピーの代わりにテキスト形式で提供され、ここに参照することによって本明細書に組み込まれる。配列表を含むテキストファイルの名称は、BLBD_082_01WO_ST25.txtである。このテキストファイルは24KBであり、2017年12月6日に作成され、本明細書の出願と同時にEFS−Webを介して電子的に提出される。
ムコ多糖症(MPS)は、リソソーム蓄積症として知られる重大な遺伝性障害の分類である。MPSは、連続的に特定のムコ多糖を分解し、再利用する身体の能力に干渉する。
配列番号1は、イズロン酸2−スルファターゼ(I2S)ポリペプチドをコードする例示的なレンチウイルスベクターの配列を示す。
配列番号2は、I2Sポリペプチドをコードする例示的なレンチウイルスベクターの配列を示す。
配列番号3〜13は、様々なリンカーのアミノ酸配列を示す。
配列番号14〜16は、プロテアーゼ切断部位および自己切断性ポリペプチド切断部位のアミノ酸配列を示す。
A.概要
本発明は、一般的に、部分的には、MPSIIまたはハンター症候群の少なくとも1つの症状を治療、予防、または改善するための改良された遺伝子治療組成物および方法に関する。
別段に定義のない限り、本明細書で使用される全ての技術用語および科学用語は、本発明が属する技術分野の当業者によって一般的に理解されるのと同じ意味を有する。特定の実施形態の実施または試験において、本明細書に記載されているものと類似または等価な任意の方法および材料を使用することができるが、組成物、方法および材料の好ましい実施形態が本明細書に記載される。本開示の目的のために、次の用語を以下に定義する。
「ポリペプチド」、「ポリペプチド断片」、「ペプチド」および「タンパク質」は、反対のことが示されない限り、従来の意味、すなわちアミノ酸の配列として互換的に用いられる。一実施形態では、「ポリペプチド」には、融合ポリペプチドおよび他のバリアントが含まれる。ポリペプチドは、種々の周知の組換えおよび/または合成技術のいずれかを用いて調製することができる。ポリペプチドは特定の長さに限定されず、例えば全長タンパク質配列、完全長タンパク質の断片、または融合タンパク質を含むことができ、ポリペプチドの翻訳後修飾、例えばグリコシル化、アセチル化、リン酸化など、ならびに天然に存在するおよび天然に存在しない、当該技術分野で既知の他の修飾が含まれる。
本明細書で使用される場合、「ポリヌクレオチド」または「核酸」という用語は、デオキシリボ核酸(DNA)、リボ核酸(RNA)およびDNA/RNAハイブリッドを指す。ポリヌクレオチドは、一本鎖または二本鎖であってもよく、組換え、合成または単離されたものであってもよい。ポリヌクレオチドには、プレメッセンジャーRNA(プレmRNA)、メッセンジャーRNA(mRNA)、RNA、短鎖干渉RNA(siRNA)、短鎖ヘアピンRNA(shRNA)、マイクロRNA(miRNA)、リボザイム、合成RNA、ゲノムRNA(gRNA)、プラス鎖RNA(RNA(+))、マイナス鎖RNA(RNA(−))、tracrRNA、crRNA、シングルガイドRNA(sgRNA)、合成RNA、ゲノムDNA(gDNA)、PCR増幅DNA、相補DNA(cDNA)、合成DNA、または組換えDNAが含まれるが、これらに限定されない。ポリヌクレオチドは、長さが少なくとも5個、少なくとも10個、少なくとも15個、少なくとも20個、少なくとも25個、少なくとも30個、少なくとも40個、少なくとも50個、少なくとも100個、少なくとも200個、少なくとも300個、少なくとも400個、少なくとも500個、少なくとも1000個、少なくとも5000個、少なくとも10000個、または少なくとも15000個の、またはそれ以上のヌクレオチドの多量体形態、リボヌクレオチドまたはデオキシリボヌクレオチドのいずれか、またはいずれかのタイプのヌクレオチドの修飾形態、ならびに全ての中間の長さを指す。「中間の長さ」とは、この文脈において、引用された値の間の任意の長さ、例えば、6、7、8、9など、101、102、103など、151、152、153など、201、202、203などを意味することが容易に理解されよう。特定の実施形態では、ポリヌクレオチドまたはバリアントは、参照配列に対して、少なくともまたは約50%、55%、60%、65%、70%、71%、72%、73%、74%、75%、76%、77%、78%、79%、80%、81%、82%、83%、84%、85%、86%、87%、88%、89%、90%、91%、92%、93%、94%、95%、96%、97%、98%、99%または100%の配列同一性を有する。
1つ以上の治療用ポリペプチドまたは融合ポリペプチドをコードするポリヌクレオチドは、非ウイルスまたはウイルス法によって標的細胞に導入することができる。特定の実施形態では、I2Sポリペプチドをコードするポリヌクレオチドは、ベクター、好ましくはウイルスベクター、より好ましくはレトロウイルスベクター、さらにより好ましくはレンチウイルスベクターを用いて標的細胞に導入される。
様々な実施形態では、細胞は、I2Sポリペプチドを発現するように遺伝子改変され、遺伝的に改変された細胞は、神経セロイドリポフスチン症を治療するために使用される。細胞は、エクスビボ、インビトロ、またはエクスビボで遺伝子改変することができる。本明細書で使用される場合、「遺伝子操作された」または「遺伝子改変された」という用語は、DNAまたはRNAの形態の余分な遺伝物質を細胞内の全遺伝物質に加えることを指す。用語「遺伝子改変細胞」、「改変細胞」および「遺伝子操作された細胞」は互換的に使用される。本明細書で使用される場合、「遺伝子治療」という用語は、遺伝子の発現を回復、修正または改変する、または治療用ポリペプチド、例えばI2Sを発現させる目的で、細胞中の全遺伝物質へのDNAまたはRNAの形態の外部の遺伝物質の導入を指す。
本明細書で企図される組成物および製剤は、本明細書で企図される任意の数の形質導入または非形質導入細胞またはその組み合わせ、ウイルスベクター、ポリペプチドおよびポリヌクレオチドの組み合わせを含み得る。組成物には、薬学的組成物が含まれるが、これに限定されない。「薬学的組成物」は、単独で、または1つ以上の他の療法の様式と組み合わせて、細胞または動物に投与するための薬学的に許容される担体と共に製剤化された組成物を指す。所望であれば、組成物は、例えば、サイトカイン、成長因子、ホルモン、小分子、プロドラッグ、薬物、抗体、または他の種々の薬学的に活性な薬剤などの他の薬剤と組み合わせて投与することもできることも理解されよう。特定の実施形態では、追加の薬剤が意図された治療を送達する組成物の能力に悪影響を与えない限り、組成物に含まれ得る他の成分に実質的に制限はない。
本明細書中に企図される遺伝子改変された細胞は、ハンター症候群の予防、治療、および改善における使用のため、またはハンター症候群、もしくはI2S発現および/もしくは活性を減少または消失させるI2S遺伝子に変異を有する対象に関連する少なくとも1つの症状を予防、治療、または改善するための、改良された医薬品を提供する。
I2Sベクターの構築
キメラ5’LTRを含有する第3世代のレンチウイルスベクター、骨髄増殖性肉腫ウイルスエンハンサー、ネガティブコントロール領域欠失、dl587revプライマー結合部位置換(MND)プロモーターまたは短い伸長因子1α(EF1α)プロモーター、イズロン酸2−スルファターゼ(I2S)ポリペプチドをコードするポリヌクレオチド、および自己不活性化(SIN)3’LTRを構築した。例えば、図1ならびに配列番号1および2を参照されたい。表1および2は、I2Sをコードする例示的なレンチウイルスベクターの様々なヌクレオチドセグメントの識別特性、GenBankリファレンス、供給源の名称および引用を示す。
I2Sをコードするレンチウイルスで形質導入された線維芽細胞
I2S遺伝子(I2S−/−細胞)のホモ接合突然変異のためにI2S活性が欠損したヒト線維芽細胞を、形質導入前に24時間、ダルベッコ改変イーグル培地(DMEM)+10%ウシ胎仔血清(FBS)中で培養した。培養したI2S−/−細胞を、5.0E4個の細胞/mLのDMEM+10%FBSに再懸濁し、6ウェル組織培養プレートにこの細胞懸濁液を1ウェル当たり2mLプレーティングし、37℃に置いた。細胞播種の24時間後、いずれかの未精製のレンチウイルスベクター1mLで細胞を形質導入した。1mLのDMEM+10%FBSを対照ウェルに添加し、細胞を37℃インキュベーターの中に置いた。形質導入24時間後、完全な培地交換を行った。形質導入の48時間後、各ウェルからの250uLの上清を滅菌エッペンドルフチューブに移し、−80℃で凍結させた。1mLのリン酸緩衝液で細胞を洗浄し、0.5mLの1X TryplE Express Enzyme(Thermo Fisher)を使用して持ち上げた。細胞を1試料当たり2つの滅菌エッペンドルフチューブに移し、1500rpmで5分間ペレット化した。上清を吸引し、細胞ペレットを−80℃で凍結させる。
I2Sをコードするレンチウイルスベクターで形質導入された細胞におけるタンパク質発現
野生型対照細胞、I2S−/−細胞、ならびにI2Sをコードするレンチウイルスベクター(pMND−I2SおよびpEF1α−I2S)で形質導入されたI2S−/−細胞からの凍結した細胞ペレットをウェスタンブロッティングのために氷上で解凍した。300μLの哺乳動物タンパク質抽出試薬および3μLの100X HALTプロテアーゼ阻害剤カクテル(ThermoFisher)を各細胞ペレットに添加する。ペレットを穏やかに上下にピペット操作して再懸濁させ、細胞をプレートロッカー上で、室温で10分間インキュベートする。細胞を4℃、14,000rpmで15分間遠心分離し、上清を滅菌エッペンドルフチューブに移す。ローディング色素は、25μLのβ−メルカプトエタノールを475μLの4X Laemmli試料緩衝液(Bio−Rad)に添加することによって調製する。試料を、30μLの調製したローディング色素および90μLの試料の3:1の試料対ローディング色素の比で混合する。各試料20μLおよびPrecision Plus Protein Kaleidoscopeラダー8μLをNuPage 4−12 Bis−Trisタンパク質ゲルのウェルにロードする。ゲルを1X MES SDSランニング緩衝液中200Vで40分間泳動させる。
I2Sをコードするレンチウイルスベクターで形質導入されたI2S−/−細胞におけるI2S活性の回復
野生型対象細胞、I2S−/−細胞(GM01929、GM13203)、およびI2Sをコードするレンチウイルスベクター(pMND−I2SおよびpEF1α−I2S)で形質導入されたI2S−/−細胞からの細胞ペレットを、4−メチルウンベリエリル(methylumbellieryl)(4−MU)蛍光レポーター(0.1M酢酸ナトリウム(NaAc)、0.1M酢酸、10mM酢酸鉛、25mM 4−MU−α−2−スルフェート、pH5.0)を含有する、20μLのリード酢酸緩衝液を含有する150μLのPBS緩衝液に再懸濁した。4−MU−α−2−スルフェートの切断に基づいてIDS活性の傾向測定を計算した(Civallero et al.Clinica Chimica Acta 372(2006)98−102を参照されたい)。同じPBS/酢酸緩衝液中の細胞溶解物または細胞上清の全タンパク質の15〜25μgを37℃でインキュベートした。24時間後、40μlのマッキルベイン緩衝液(0.2Mクエン酸、0.4M NaPO4、0.02%アジ化ナトリウム、pH4.5)を添加し、反応物を37℃でさらに24時間インキュベートした。上清については、15〜25μgの全タンパク質を上記のように処理した。Molecular Devices SpectraMax M2分光蛍光光度計を使用して蛍光を測定した。
I2SをコードするLVVで形質導入されたhCD34+細胞における活性酵素発現
ヒトCD34+細胞を、I2Sをコードするポリヌクレオチドに作動可能に連結されたMNDまたはEF1αプロモーターを含むレンチウイルスベクター(LVV)で形質導入した(MPS II)。細胞をサイトカイン含有培地中で48時間予備刺激し、200μg/mLのポロキサマー338および10μMのPGE2を使用してMOI5、15、または30で24時間形質導入した。形質導入後、細胞をメチルセルロースにプレーティングし、造血前駆体コロニー形成させるために12日間培養したか、またはサイトカイン含有培地で7日間培養した。ペレットおよび上清中の細胞成長、VCN、個々のコロニーのVCNおよびLVV+細胞%、ならびにI2S活性について試料を分析した。
インビボI2S遺伝子治療モデル
I2S突然変異を有するマウスは、I2Sをコードするレンチウイルスベクターで形質導入されたHSCを投与され、表現型的に特徴付けされる。I2S突然変異マウスに、骨髄造血幹細胞を切除するための治療を受させ、I2Sをコードするレンチウイルスベクターで形質導入されたHSCを、2週齢以下で投与する。
Claims (31)
- (a)左側の(5’)レンチウイルスLTRと、
(b)プシー(Ψ)パッケージングシグナルと、
(c)レトロウイルスの移出エレメントと、
(d)セントラルポリプリントラクト/DNAフラップ(cPPT/FLAP)と、
(e)イズロニダーゼ2−スルファターゼ(I2S)ポリペプチドをコードするポリヌクレオチドに作動可能に連結されたプロモーターと、
(f)右側の(3’)レンチウイルスLTRと、を含む、ポリヌクレオチド。 - 前記レンチウイルスが、HIV(ヒト免疫不全ウイルス;HIV 1型およびHIV 2型を含む)、ビスナ・マエディ(visna−maedi)ウイルス(VMV)ウイルス、ヤギ関節炎−脳炎ウイルス(CAEV)、ウマ伝染性貧血ウイルス(EIAV)、ネコ免疫不全ウイルス(FIV)、ウシ免疫不全ウイルス(BIV)、ならびにサル免疫不全ウイルス(SIV)からなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載のポリヌクレオチド。
- 前記レンチウイルスがHIV−1またはHIV−2である、請求項1または2に記載のポリヌクレオチド。
- 前記レンチウイルスがHIV−1である、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載のポリヌクレオチド。
- 前記5’LTRのプロモーターが、サイトメガロウイルス(CMV)プロモーター、ラウス肉腫ウイルス(RSV)プロモーター、およびシミアンウイルス40(SV40)プロモーターからなる群から選択される異種プロモーターで置換されている、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載のポリヌクレオチド。
- 前記3’LTRが、1つ以上の修飾を含む、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載のポリヌクレオチド。
- 前記3’LTRが、1ラウンドのウイルス複製を超えたウイルス転写を防止する1つ以上の欠失を含む、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載のポリヌクレオチド。
- 前記3’LTRが、前記3’LTRのU3領域におけるTATAボックス、ならびにSp1およびNF−κB転写因子結合部位の欠失を含む、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載のポリヌクレオチド。
- 前記3’LTRが、自己不活性化(SIN)LTRである、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載のポリヌクレオチド。
- 前記I2Sポリペプチドをコードするポリヌクレオチドに作動可能に連結されたプロモーターが、インテグリンサブユニットアルファM(ITGAM、CD11b)プロモーター、CD68プロモーター、C−X3−Cモチーフケモカイン受容体1(CX3CR1)プロモーター、イオン化カルシウム結合アダプター分子1(IBA1)プロモーター、膜貫通タンパク質119(TMEM119)プロモーター、spalt様転写因子1(SALL1)プロモーター、接着Gタンパク質結合受容体E1(F4/80)プロモーター、骨髄増殖性肉腫ウイルスエンハンサー、負の制御領域欠失、dl587revプライマー結合部位置換(MND)プロモーター、およびそれらの転写活性断片からなる群から選択される、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載のポリヌクレオチド。
- 前記I2Sポリペプチドをコードするポリヌクレオチドに作動可能に連結されたプロモーターが、伸長因子1α(EF1α)プロモーターまたはその転写活性断片を含む、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載のポリヌクレオチド。
- 前記I2Sポリペプチドをコードするポリヌクレオチドに作動可能に連結されたプロモーターが、短いEF1αプロモーターである、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載のポリヌクレオチド。
- 前記I2Sポリペプチドをコードするポリヌクレオチドに作動可能に連結されたプロモーターが、長いEF1αプロモーターである、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載のポリヌクレオチド。
- 前記I2Sポリペプチドをコードする前記ポリヌクレオチドが、cDNAである、請求項1〜13のいずれか一項に記載のポリヌクレオチド。
- 前記I2Sポリペプチドをコードする前記ポリヌクレオチドが、発現のために最適化されたコドンである、請求項1〜14のいずれか一項に記載のポリヌクレオチド。
- (a)左側の(5’)HIV−1 LTRと、
(b)プシー(Ψ)パッケージングシグナルと、
(c)RREレトロウイルスの移出エレメントと、
(d)cPPT/FLAPと、
(e)I2Sポリペプチドをコードするポリヌクレオチドに作動可能に連結されたMNDプロモーターまたはEF1αプロモーターと、
(f)右側の(3’)HIV−1 LTRと、を含む、ポリヌクレオチド。 - (a)左側の(5’)CMVプロモーター/HIV−1キメラLTRと、
(b)プシー(Ψ)パッケージングシグナルと、
(c)RREレトロウイルスの移出エレメントと、
(d)cPPT/FLAPと、
(e)I2Sポリペプチドをコードするポリヌクレオチドに作動可能に連結されたMNDプロモーターまたはEF1αプロモーターと、
(f)右側の(3’)SIN HIV−1 LTRと、を含む、ポリヌクレオチド。 - ウシ成長ホルモンポリアデニル化シグナルまたはウサギβ−グロビンポリアデニル化シグナルをさらに含む、請求項1〜17のいずれか一項に記載のポリヌクレオチド。
- 請求項1〜18のいずれか一項に記載のポリヌクレオチドを含むレンチウイルスベクターで形質導入された、哺乳動物細胞。
- 前記細胞が造血細胞である、請求項19に記載の哺乳動物細胞。
- 前記細胞がCD34+細胞である、請求項19または20に記載の哺乳動物細胞。
- 前記細胞が、幹細胞または前駆細胞である、請求項19〜21のいずれか一項に記載の哺乳動物細胞。
- gagをコードする第1のポリヌクレオチドと、polをコードする第2のポリヌクレオチドと、envをコードする第3のポリヌクレオチドと、請求項1〜18のいずれか一項に記載のポリヌクレオチドと、を含む、産生細胞。
- 請求項23に記載の産生細胞によって産生された、レンチウイルスベクター。
- 請求項1〜18のいずれか一項に記載のポリヌクレオチドまたは請求項19〜22のいずれか一項に記載の哺乳動物細胞を含むレンチウイルスベクターを含む、組成物。
- 薬学的に許容される担体と、請求項1〜18のいずれか一項に記載のポリヌクレオチドまたは請求項19〜22のいずれか一項に記載の哺乳類細胞を含むレンチウイルスベクターと、を含む、薬学的組成物。
- ハンター症候群を治療する方法であって、請求項1〜18のいずれか一項に記載のポリヌクレオチドを含むレンチウイルスベクター、請求項1〜18のいずれか一項に記載のポリヌクレオチドを含むレンチウイルスベクターで形質導入された細胞、または請求項19〜22のいずれか一項に記載の哺乳動物細胞を、対象に投与することを含む、方法。
- ハンター症候群を治療する方法であって、請求項26に記載の薬学的組成物を対象に投与することを含む、方法。
- 対象におけるハンター症候群に関連する少なくとも1つの症状を軽減させる方法であって、請求項1〜18のいずれか一項に記載のポリヌクレオチドを含むレンチウイルスベクター、請求項1〜18のいずれか一項に記載のポリヌクレオチドを含むレンチウイルスベクターで形質導入された細胞、または請求項19〜22のいずれか一項に記載の哺乳動物細胞を、対象に投与することを含む、方法。
- 対象におけるハンター症候群に関連する少なくとも1つの症状を軽減させる方法であって、請求項26に記載の薬学的組成物を対象に投与することを含む、方法。
- 前記少なくとも1つの症状が、GAGの蓄積、器官および組織の肥厚化、呼吸困難、嚥下困難、関節硬直、認知機能低下、ならびに運動機能低下からなる群から選択される、請求項29または30に記載の方法。
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