JP2020111838A - Fabric and clothing excellent in heat radiation property - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a fabric which includes far-infrared radiation ceramics having a continuous heat radiation function which can efficiently and continuously radiate heat that a human body radiates outside clothing much more than a conventional case and which is excellent in heat radiation property, and to provide a garment excellent in heat radiation property using the fabric, and an ink material including the far-infrared radiation ceramics, which is suitable for printing of the fabric.SOLUTION: In a fabric, a resin ink component including far-infrared radiation ceramic powder is impregnated from a surface side so that the component does not reach a rear face, and the fabric is excellent in heat radiation property.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a material having excellent heat dissipation property, clothing using the material, and resin ink in which a heat dissipation material used for the material is dispersed.

The immovable air layer makes it easier to keep warm from the cold of the outside air, and the heat shield layer to shield the sunlight and protect the skin is provided, making it easier to adapt to the environment by the function of naturally resisting. .. Furthermore, since the human body itself emits heat and sweats, if you wear clothes in an environment where the outside temperature is high, such as in the summer, you will feel warm and sticky due to sweat, and you will feel comfortable. It becomes difficult to spend. Therefore, in order to comfortably spend the summer, it is necessary to respond to the heat from various viewpoints such as breathability, high thermal contact feeling due to thermal conductivity and heat diffusion, heat shielding, cooling by absorbing sweat and drying quickly. Various fabrics and clothes have been proposed.

For example, a structure has been proposed that promotes heat dissipation by ensuring air permeability such as a mesh (see, for example, Patent Document 1). While it does not retain heat, it is difficult to ensure versatility for fabrics with large gaps, such as mesh and kago, and large gaps make it unsuitable for heat shielding.

In addition, a woven or knitted fabric structurally having a multilayer structure of two or more layers, wherein any one layer contains a flat cross section fiber and the other layer contains false twist crimped yarn, A woven or knitted fabric excellent in heat dissipation has also been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 2). However, when the heat of the sun is shielded, the heat tends to stay inside.

In addition, focusing on the cool contact feeling that gives a refreshing feeling when worn, the fiber obtained by spinning a thermoplastic elastomer having an excellent cool contact feeling is an inorganic filler for the purpose of preventing a sticky feeling when wet. A fiber to which is added is proposed (see Patent Document 3).
In addition to this, a contact cooling sensation material using ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fibers having high thermal conductivity has also been proposed. Although these contact sensations are used to evaluate the initial heat transfer, consideration for continuous heat dissipation during wearing is also desired.

Further, a composite fiber comprising a sheath component made of a hydrophilic and thermally conductive ethylene-vinyl alcohol-based copolymer and a core component made of a hydrophobic polyester is proposed to utilize heat of vaporization due to evaporation of sweat. (See, for example, Patent Document 4).

Further, when sweating, it is possible to efficiently use sweat to obtain coolness by heat of vaporization. Of inorganic fine particles coated with other inorganic fine particles in the amount of 0.8 to 12.0% by mass of synthetic fibers, and water-absorbing diffusion fibers. There has been proposed a cool-feeling fabric or the like which is characterized by being less than a second (for example, refer to Patent Document 5). However, it is difficult to say that such a technique that requires perspiration is effective for radiating heat when it becomes difficult for perspiration after it has been cooled by air.

In addition, fibers provided with chemicals and the like have been proposed, but they are not always sufficient for long-term use after washing and the like, and deterioration and functional deterioration are likely to occur.

JP, 2009-138310, A JP-A-2005-10282 Republished WO 2006/112437 JP, 2004-64531, A JP, 2008-285780, A

The applicants have used fabrics that continue to have the effect of far-infrared radiation during wear by printing ink materials containing far-infrared radiation substances derived from artificial ores on woven fabrics and knitted fabrics. I am trying to develop clothing that I had. However, since far-infrared ray emitting substances themselves have no directivity, if these substances are kneaded into threads or attached to fibers, far-infrared rays will be emitted in all directions. Certainly, if the fabric with far-infrared radiation material is used for warming the body, which is generally assumed, the far-infrared rays emitted by the heat generated inside the body will not interfere with the surface of the body. Does not matter.

On the other hand, when aiming for heat dissipation, the radiation of far infrared rays, which has no directivity, is left as it is, and even if the heat generated in the body is radiated as far infrared rays, it will return toward the body. However, the heat dissipation efficiency will be reduced accordingly. Therefore, it can be said that it is more difficult to mix far-infrared radiating ceramics and the like into fabrics to radiate heat, which is more efficient than heating.

In this way, in order to obtain fabrics and clothing that can obtain a sufficient heat radiation effect outside the body while using a far-infrared radiation substance that has no directivity, the material of the far-infrared radiation substance to be applied on the fabric is examined. In addition, it is required to continuously improve the cooling efficiency so as not to be extinguished by heat generation, by considering the arrangement when applying the far-infrared radiation substance onto the cloth.

Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is to dissipate heat generated by the human body to the outside of clothes more efficiently than before, and to dissipate heat that contains far-infrared radiation ceramics with a continuous heat dissipation function. It is an object of the present invention to provide a fabric excellent in heat resistance, a garment excellent in heat dissipation using the fabric, and an ink material containing a far-infrared emitting ceramic suitable for printing these fabrics. Another object of the present invention is to provide a cloth that does not easily impair the breathability and quick-drying property while ensuring the heat dissipation, and a garment using the same.

A first means for solving the problems of the present invention is a cloth excellent in heat dissipation, in which a resin ink component containing far-infrared emitting ceramic powder is permeated from the front surface side so as not to reach the back surface. The far-infrared emitting ceramic powder in the permeated ink component is preferably dispersed in the depth direction, and more preferably, the far-infrared emitting ceramic powder is more dispersed on the surface side of the fabric and the back surface in the depth direction. That is, the slopes are distributed and distributed so as to decrease in the vicinity. Further, the penetration depth is preferably 90% from the front surface, more preferably 80 to 90% from the front surface, of the depth from the front surface to the back surface.

The second means is a cloth having excellent heat dissipation as described in the first means, characterized in that the far-infrared radiation ceramic powder has a volume average particle diameter of 1 to 5 μm. It is preferably 4 μm or less, more preferably 3.5 μm or less.

The third means is the first or second means characterized in that the far-infrared emitting ceramic powder has an emissivity of 0.70 to 0.95 at a wavelength of 4 μm to 100 μm at 40° C. The material is excellent in heat dissipation as described.

A fourth means is any one of the first to the third, wherein the far-infrared emitting ceramic powder has an emissivity of 0.70 to 0.95 at a wavelength of 4 μm to 20 μm at 40° C. It is a fabric excellent in heat dissipation as described in 1).

A fifth means is any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein the resin ink component contains 1 to 5 mass% of far-infrared radiation ceramic powder with respect to the water-soluble acrylic resin. It is a fabric excellent in heat dissipation as described in the means.

A sixth means is any one of the first to fifth aspects characterized in that the difference between the contact cooling sensation value on the front surface and the contact cooling sensation value on the back surface is 0.010 to 0.100 W/cm ² . It is a material having excellent heat dissipation described in the means.

The seventh means is a garment excellent in heat dissipation using the cloth described in any one of the first to sixth means.

An eighth means comprises 1 to 5% by mass of far-infrared emitting ceramic powder having a volume average particle diameter of 1 to 5 μm with respect to a water-soluble acrylic resin, and the far-infrared emitting ceramic powder has 4 μm at 40° C. To 100 μm, the resin ink for fabric printing has an emissivity of 0.70 to 0.95.

According to the present invention, since the ink component of the far-infrared radiation ceramics does not reach from the front surface to the back surface of the fabric on which the printed surface is processed, a large amount of far-infrared radiation from the far-infrared radiation ceramics is dispersed near the surface of the fabric. Therefore, the body heat can be efficiently dissipated when worn as clothes, with the back surface of the cloth facing the skin.

Further, since the fine powder is only fixed to the fibers of the cloth by the resin ink, the comfort of wearing is not greatly impaired, it is hard to drop even after washing, and a stable and continuous heat radiation effect can be obtained. In addition, since the contact cooling sensation value on the front surface is higher than that on the back surface, it is easy to secure heat dissipation, and the ink component of the far-infrared radiation ceramic powder does not penetrate to the back surface, so the heat on the back surface side is dissipated efficiently Can be made.

In addition, when the ink component is printed on a part of the surface without covering the entire surface of the fabric with the ink component, the breathability and quick drying property of the part not covered with the resin ink are maintained while ensuring heat dissipation. Since it can be maintained, the original characteristics of the fabric can be utilized while ensuring heat dissipation.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the fabric of the present invention schematically showing a state in which an ink containing far-infrared emitting ceramics is printed from the upper plane and the ink components are permeated. (A) A cross-section of a fabric printed with ink containing far-infrared emitting ceramic powder from the upper plane of the fabric, and (b) Printing the ink containing far-infrared emitting ceramic powder from the upper plane of the fabric three times to give a triple amount. This is an image of an optical image 150 times the state of the cross section of the cloth in which the ceramic powder has reached the back surface. It is the figure which converted the color measurement figure of the thermography which carried out the dough on the plate of 37 degreeC, and was measured, and was converted into gray scale.

The material of the resin ink and the material of the base cloth used for the cloth having excellent heat dissipation used in the present invention are as follows.

(Base fabric)
The base fabric is applicable to any of a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, and a non-woven fabric as long as it is a fabric on which one surface can be printed with an ink containing far-infrared radiation ceramics.
In the following, as a base fabric, an explanation will be given by taking a nylon bare cloth knitted fabric as an example. In addition to nylon, the fabric material is polyester with excellent contact coolness value, cotton, or a blended fabric of cotton and polyester, which is dried and set after printing. Therefore, it can be preferably used.

(Far infrared radiation ceramics)
The far-infrared radiation ceramics of the present invention is a ceramic which, when heated, emits an electromagnetic wave in the wavelength range of far-infrared rays of 4 μm to 20 μm. In the present invention, the far-infrared emitting ceramics preferably has an emissivity of 0.70 to 0.95 at a wavelength of 4 μm to 20 μm at 40° C. It should be noted that the present invention is not intended to warm the wearer's human body by radiating far-infrared rays, and is intended to be used for promoting heat radiation, and therefore does not have the purpose of causing thermal vibration of the skin layer. Therefore, ceramics having an emissivity of 0.70 to 0.95 at a wavelength of 4 μm to 100 μm at 40° C. are also suitable.

The emissivity is the ratio of the radiant emittance of a radiator to the radiant emittance of a black body at the same temperature as that radiator (JIS Z8117), and is the amount of energy radiated from the surface of a substance at a certain temperature. , And the amount of energy emitted from a black body (a virtual object that absorbs 100% of the energy given by radiation) at the same temperature, and therefore takes a value between 0 and 1.

The emissivity is obtained by measuring with an FT-IR spectroscopic analyzer, for example. Set the temperature of the black body furnace (which approximates the black body) and the sample heating furnace to the temperature you want to measure, first measure the radiant energy of the black body furnace stabilized at the set temperature as the background, and then heat the sample. The optical path is switched to the furnace side, and the radiant energy from the sample surface heated to the set temperature is measured.

Examples of the components of the far-infrared radiation ceramics include SiO ₂ , FeO, Al ₂ O ₃ , BaO, ZrO ₂ , CeO ₂ , TiO ₂ , ThO ₂ , MgO, 3Al ₂ O ₃ .2SiO ₂ , ZrO ₂ .SiO. ₂ , a composite compound such as 2MgO.2Al ₂ O ₃ .5SiO ₂ and the like can be mentioned, but not limited to these as long as they are general far infrared ray emitting ceramics. In the present invention, the powder is used as the ink component by containing one or more of such far infrared ray emitting ceramics, but the powder may be mixed with a metal having a high heat dissipation property. In consideration of electromagnetic wave energy that increases or decreases due to resonance or interference for each frequency, it is possible to improve efficiency by adjusting the combination of these components.

The size of the powder is a volume average particle size of 1 to 5 μm. The average particle diameter is preferably 4 μm or less, more preferably 3.5 μm or less. Clothes with excellent heat dissipation and workability, such as being able to easily maintain the state of being dispersed as an ink component, and being able to penetrate into the fabric within the range that does not reach the back side when printed by printing. As a characteristic of being worn by touching the bare skin as such, in view of the fact that there is no troublesome texture, the far-infrared radiating ceramic powder suitable in the present invention has an average particle size as listed above. It is preferably a small fine powder. On the other hand, if the powder size is too large, it will have a rough texture due to being applied, which makes it less suitable for underwear.

In the examples, for example, 40% of polysilicon, 30% of black silica, 25% of alumina, and 5% of zirconia were dissolved in mass%, and after cooling, finely pulverized with a pulverizer such as a ball mill, and then classified and coarsened. The powder was removed to obtain a powder having an average particle size of 3.5 μm. The composition of this powder is such that SiO ₂ is 45 to 60% in mass %, and from about 5 to 10% of FeO, Al ₂ O ₃ , BaO, ZrO ₂ , CeO ₂ , K, Ca, and other impurities. Become. This powder has an emissivity of 0.70 to 0.90 from 4 μm to 20 μm at 40° C. and an emissivity from 4 μm to 100 μm of 0.7 to 0.95. Corresponds to ceramic powder.

(Resin ink)
To the water-soluble acrylic resin as the binder, 1 to 5 mass% of far-infrared emitting ceramic fine powder having a particle size of 3.5 μm was added and stirred to obtain a resin ink. Further, an appropriate amount of water may be added, or a crosslinking agent may be added if necessary. Although it may be contained in an amount of more than 5%, the effect due to the incorporation of the far-infrared emitting ceramic powder is saturated, so that a large improvement in characteristics cannot be obtained. Therefore, it is set to 1 to 5%. In the examples, an ink in which 30 g or 50 g was mixed with 1 kg of acrylic resin was used for printing.

(Print processing)
The surface of the base fabric (2) having a thickness of 0.3 to 0.4 mm is printed by, for example, a 1500 mesh rotary screen printing machine, and the ink component (3) applied from the front surface (4) is applied to the back surface (5). The application amount is set so that it does not reach, and the dough (2) is permeated. As shown in FIG. 1, when the ink application amount at the time of printing is set so that the penetration depth (7) is about 80 to 90%, heat dissipation efficiency is improved. In printing by printing, as shown in FIG. 2A, the concentration of the powder decreases from the front side to the back side (the side in contact with the skin). In addition, in FIG. 2B, the printing by printing is repeated three times to infiltrate the powder to the back surface.

Although heat dissipation can be obtained by printing ink on the entire surface of the fabric, it is desirable that the fabric also has breathability, heat absorption, and quick drying in view of its practicality for comfortable clothing applications. Therefore, the area to be printed on the surface is preferably 30 to 70% of the surface in terms of area ratio. For efficient distribution, it is particularly preferable to arrange the print pattern so that the area ratio is 50 to 60% of the surface of the cloth. As the print pattern on the surface, a pattern pattern in which an ink portion such as a quadrangle, a polygon, a circle, and the like and a blank are repeated can be used.

When the far-infrared radiation ceramic powder is kneaded into the yarn, in addition to affecting the strength of the yarn, it is possible to make a difference in the compounding ratio in the depth direction of the dough and control the surface area ratio. It's not easy. When kneaded into the whole yarn, it becomes difficult to change the composition between the front and back of the fabric, as in the state of FIG. 2(b), and it is also possible to provide a difference such as adjusting the print area. It is difficult only with the knitted threads. When the yarn is kneaded in this way, it becomes difficult to give directivity to the radiation direction of far infrared rays, so that the density can be adjusted by the spread of the impregnation due to the printing of the present invention as shown in FIG. The configuration has better heat dissipation.

(Washability)
In the obtained printed matter, since the fine powder of far-infrared emitting ceramics was fixed on the fiber surface by the acrylic resin, it was hardly peeled off easily even after repeated washing. It was confirmed that the far-infrared radiating ceramics were not easily deteriorated even after long-term use, so that the heat-radiating property of the far-infrared radiating ceramics fine powder was not easily deteriorated and stable performance was secured.

(Heat dissipation)
The heat radiation of the obtained fabric printed with the ink containing far infrared radiation ceramics was imaged using a thermographic measuring device manufactured by FLIR, and the temperature was measured while being visualized as a color temperature. The cloth used in the experiment is not a print on the entire surface but a partially printed cloth printed on the pattern.
In the measurement test, the surface of the fabric of the example was placed on the plate heated to 37° C. with the surface of the fabric facing upward, and as a comparative example, the fabric of the unprinted nylon bare cloth was placed next to it, and the plate was placed on the plate by thermography. The temperature change of the dough was observed. In addition to the bare sheet cloth, as a product embodying the present invention, measurement was also performed on a mesh cloth printed.

FIG. 3 shows the results of thermography immediately after placing on a plate at 37° C. and after 1 minute.
Bear Tenjiku of the product of the present invention,
Immediately after placing: average 36.8°C,
1 minute later: average 36.9° C.,
After 30 minutes: The average temperature was 36.9°C.
On the other hand, in the unprinted bare sheet of the comparative example,
Immediately after placing: Average 36.4°C,
1 minute later: average 36.3° C.,
After 30 minutes: The average was 36.3°C.

In the case of bare sheet, the far-infrared radiating ceramic powder printed on the surface has a higher temperature of 0.5 to 0.6° C. than the unprocessed product even if it is a partial print, and it has excellent heat dissipation. , It was found that the heat dissipation was maintained and did not easily decrease with the passage of time.
In addition, the mesh fabric had a high heat-releasing property of 37.0° C. just after being placed, but immediately the ventilation effect of the mesh was saturated, and thereafter, no difference was observed in the heat dissipation property with the bare Tenjiku product. It was

As described above, when applying a fabric with excellent heat dissipation properties to clothing that has the surface that adheres to the skin as the back and the printed surface that faces outward, the heat generated in the body is efficiently radiated to the outside as far infrared rays. .. Further, the infrared rays of the sunlight interfere with the emitted far infrared rays, and the heat is shielded accordingly.

Regarding heat dissipation when worn as clothing, the back thermogram of the subject immediately after wearing the inner shirt using the fabric of the present invention was measured, and the thermography immediately after undressing was compared. ..
Immediately after wearing: Max. 34.7°C
Minimum 31.6°C
Average 33.3°C
Immediately after undressing: maximum 35.3°C
Minimum 31.9°C
Average 33.6°C
Wearing the inner wear was 0.3°C lower on average than not wearing it.

(Contact cold and warm feeling test Q-max)
KES-F7 Thermo Lab after printing a resin ink containing far-infrared radiation ceramics powder on one surface side of the cloth by printing, and obtaining a printed material (surface cloth) on which the ink component has not reached the back surface. Using the type II, the contact cold and warm sensations of the front surface and the back surface of the fabric on which the front surface was printed were measured. (Test environment: temperature 20°C, humidity 65%RH, temperature difference between temperature detector and test piece: 20°C)

Initial contact cooling sensation value [when 3 mass% of far-infrared emitting ceramic powder is mixed in ink]
Surface: 0.400 W/cm ²
Back side: 0.342 W/cm ²
Difference between front surface and back surface: 0.058 W/cm ²
[When 5 mass% of far-infrared emitting ceramic powder is mixed in the ink]
Surface: 0.402 W/cm ²
Back side: 0.332 W/cm ²
Difference between front surface and back surface: 0.070 W/cm ²

The contact cooling/cooling sensation evaluation value Q-max is a measurement of the instantaneous amount of heat transfer between the contact object and the fabric. When the value is large, the amount of heat transfer is large, so the skin does not touch the fabric. You will feel cold when you touch it.
In the test shown above, the value on the back side is the contact cooling sensation on the side of the base fabric of nylon, and the value on the surface is the contact cooling sensation on the side printed with the ink containing the far infrared emitting substance. Since the value on the front surface side is larger than the value on the back surface, it was confirmed that the printed surface has a component excellent in heat dissipation.

If the difference between the values of Q-max on the front surface and the back surface is sufficient, for example, 0.010 to 0.100 W/cm ^2, it is a standard that the back surface is not reached. From the measurement results shown above, there is a difference of 0.050 W/cm ² or more in the value of Q-max, and the far-infrared emitting ceramic powder is printed in the ink in the practical range containing 3% or 5% in the ink. Even when processed, the difference in contact cooling sensation value between the front surface and the back surface was secured at 0.050 W/cm ² or more, and it was confirmed that a heat dissipation fabric having a penetration depth that does not reach the back surface can be obtained.

In this way, if the ink component is 0.050 to 0.080 W/cm ² , the ink component remains from the surface to the middle of the fabric when the ink component is permeated in the depth direction of the fabric by printing. It can be said that the components did not reach the back surface.

Further, if 0.015 to 0.030 W/cm ² is ensured, it penetrates sufficiently regardless of the thickness and reaches 80 to 90% in the depth direction, so a stable and efficient practical area is secured. To be done.

On the other hand, if the difference in the contact cooling sensation value of the printed fabric from the front surface and the back surface is substantially zero, the ink component from the front surface of the printed surface has reached the back surface. Although the initial contact cold value of such a fabric shows high values on both the front and back surfaces, it is disadvantageous in terms of long-term heat dissipation because the radiation component of far infrared rays toward the body surface increases. However, it was inferior to the fabric of the example of the present invention in which the ink component did not reach the back surface. The degree of permeation of the ink component in such printing can be easily confirmed by using the value of Q-max as a guide. Therefore, by adjusting the composition of the ink, the coating amount, and the like using the value of Q-max as a guide, it is possible to stably obtain a cloth having an appropriate penetration condition.

The result that the contact cold temperature value on the front side is larger than the value on the back side means that when the heat on the body surface is transferred from the back side to the front side, it is easily released, and in the depth direction of the dough. The directivity is generated, and the measurement result of the thermography is also consistent with the fact that the fabric of the example has better heat dissipation. Therefore, it was confirmed that the fabric of the present invention has excellent heat dissipation.

1 Fabric of the present invention excellent in heat dissipation 2 Base fabric 3 Ink component 4 Front surface 5 Back surface 6 Far infrared radiating ceramic fine powder 7 Penetration depth

Claims (8)

A material with excellent heat dissipation that penetrates the resin ink component containing far-infrared radiation ceramic powder from the front side so that it does not reach the back side. The far-infrared radiating ceramic powder has a volume average particle diameter of 1 to 5 μm, and the dough having excellent heat dissipation according to claim 1. The far-infrared radiation ceramic powder has an emissivity of 0.70 to 0.95 at a wavelength of 4 μm to 100 μm at 40° C., and the material having excellent heat dissipation properties according to claim 1 or 2. .. The heat radiation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the far-infrared radiation ceramic powder has an emissivity of 0.70 to 0.95 at a wavelength of 4 µm to 20 µm at 40°C. Fabric with excellent properties. The resin ink component contains 1 to 5% by mass of far-infrared radiation ceramic powder with respect to a water-soluble acrylic resin, and the heat dissipation property according to any one of claims 1 to 4. Excellent fabric. The heat radiation property according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a difference between the contact cooling sensation value on the front surface and the contact cooling sensation value on the back surface is 0.010 to 0.100 W/cm ^2. Excellent fabric. Clothing excellent in heat dissipation using the fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 6. 1 to 5 mass% of far-infrared emitting ceramic powder having a volume average particle diameter of 1 to 5 μm is contained in a water-soluble acrylic resin, and the far-infrared emitting ceramic powder is radiated at 40° C. at a wavelength of 4 to 100 μm. Resin ink for fabric printing, which has a rate of 0.70 to 0.95.