JP2020068309A - 面発光レーザの製造方法 - Google Patents
面発光レーザの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethyldisilazane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)N[Si](C)(C)C FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
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- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
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- 229910000980 Aluminium gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N AsGa Chemical compound [As]#[Ga] JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BYDQGSVXQDOSJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ge].[Au] Chemical compound [Ge].[Au] BYDQGSVXQDOSJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/10—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
- H01S5/18—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities
- H01S5/183—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities having only vertical cavities, e.g. vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers [VCSEL]
- H01S5/18308—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities having only vertical cavities, e.g. vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers [VCSEL] having a special structure for lateral current or light confinement
- H01S5/18311—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities having only vertical cavities, e.g. vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers [VCSEL] having a special structure for lateral current or light confinement using selective oxidation
- H01S5/18313—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities having only vertical cavities, e.g. vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers [VCSEL] having a special structure for lateral current or light confinement using selective oxidation by oxidizing at least one of the DBR layers
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- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/10—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
- H01S5/18—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities
- H01S5/183—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities having only vertical cavities, e.g. vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers [VCSEL]
- H01S5/18361—Structure of the reflectors, e.g. hybrid mirrors
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- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/02—Structural details or components not essential to laser action
- H01S5/0206—Substrates, e.g. growth, shape, material, removal or bonding
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- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/10—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
- H01S5/18—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities
- H01S5/183—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities having only vertical cavities, e.g. vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers [VCSEL]
- H01S5/18308—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities having only vertical cavities, e.g. vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers [VCSEL] having a special structure for lateral current or light confinement
- H01S5/18322—Position of the structure
- H01S5/18327—Structure being part of a DBR
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- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/10—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
- H01S5/18—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities
- H01S5/183—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities having only vertical cavities, e.g. vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers [VCSEL]
- H01S5/18308—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities having only vertical cavities, e.g. vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers [VCSEL] having a special structure for lateral current or light confinement
- H01S5/18322—Position of the structure
- H01S5/1833—Position of the structure with more than one structure
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- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/30—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region
- H01S5/34—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising quantum well or superlattice structures, e.g. single quantum well [SQW] lasers, multiple quantum well [MQW] lasers or graded index separate confinement heterostructure [GRINSCH] lasers
- H01S5/343—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising quantum well or superlattice structures, e.g. single quantum well [SQW] lasers, multiple quantum well [MQW] lasers or graded index separate confinement heterostructure [GRINSCH] lasers in AIIIBV compounds, e.g. AlGaAs-laser, InP-based laser
- H01S5/34313—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising quantum well or superlattice structures, e.g. single quantum well [SQW] lasers, multiple quantum well [MQW] lasers or graded index separate confinement heterostructure [GRINSCH] lasers in AIIIBV compounds, e.g. AlGaAs-laser, InP-based laser with a well layer having only As as V-compound, e.g. AlGaAs, InGaAs
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- H01S2301/00—Functional characteristics
- H01S2301/17—Semiconductor lasers comprising special layers
- H01S2301/176—Specific passivation layers on surfaces other than the emission facet
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- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/04—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping, e.g. by electron beams
- H01S5/042—Electrical excitation ; Circuits therefor
- H01S5/0425—Electrodes, e.g. characterised by the structure
- H01S5/04252—Electrodes, e.g. characterised by the structure characterised by the material
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- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/04—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping, e.g. by electron beams
- H01S5/042—Electrical excitation ; Circuits therefor
- H01S5/0425—Electrodes, e.g. characterised by the structure
- H01S5/04256—Electrodes, e.g. characterised by the structure characterised by the configuration
- H01S5/04257—Electrodes, e.g. characterised by the structure characterised by the configuration having positive and negative electrodes on the same side of the substrate
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- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/10—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
- H01S5/18—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities
- H01S5/183—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities having only vertical cavities, e.g. vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers [VCSEL]
- H01S5/18344—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities having only vertical cavities, e.g. vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers [VCSEL] characterized by the mesa, e.g. dimensions or shape of the mesa
- H01S5/18347—Mesa comprising active layer
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- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/20—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers
- H01S5/2054—Methods of obtaining the confinement
- H01S5/2059—Methods of obtaining the confinement by means of particular conductivity zones, e.g. obtained by particle bombardment or diffusion
- H01S5/2063—Methods of obtaining the confinement by means of particular conductivity zones, e.g. obtained by particle bombardment or diffusion obtained by particle bombardment
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- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/20—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers
- H01S5/2054—Methods of obtaining the confinement
- H01S5/2081—Methods of obtaining the confinement using special etching techniques
- H01S5/2086—Methods of obtaining the confinement using special etching techniques lateral etch control, e.g. mask induced
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- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/30—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region
- H01S5/34—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising quantum well or superlattice structures, e.g. single quantum well [SQW] lasers, multiple quantum well [MQW] lasers or graded index separate confinement heterostructure [GRINSCH] lasers
- H01S5/343—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising quantum well or superlattice structures, e.g. single quantum well [SQW] lasers, multiple quantum well [MQW] lasers or graded index separate confinement heterostructure [GRINSCH] lasers in AIIIBV compounds, e.g. AlGaAs-laser, InP-based laser
- H01S5/34313—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising quantum well or superlattice structures, e.g. single quantum well [SQW] lasers, multiple quantum well [MQW] lasers or graded index separate confinement heterostructure [GRINSCH] lasers in AIIIBV compounds, e.g. AlGaAs-laser, InP-based laser with a well layer having only As as V-compound, e.g. AlGaAs, InGaAs
- H01S5/3432—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising quantum well or superlattice structures, e.g. single quantum well [SQW] lasers, multiple quantum well [MQW] lasers or graded index separate confinement heterostructure [GRINSCH] lasers in AIIIBV compounds, e.g. AlGaAs-laser, InP-based laser with a well layer having only As as V-compound, e.g. AlGaAs, InGaAs the whole junction comprising only (AI)GaAs
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Abstract
Description
最初に本願発明の実施形態の内容を列記して説明する。
(2)前記洗浄する工程は、前記基板をイソプロピルアルコールに浸漬する工程、イソプロピルアルコールの液体により置換する工程、および前記イソプロピルアルコールの蒸気中で乾燥させる工程を含んでもよい。これにより有機物を除去し、有機物による水分の凝集を抑制することができる。
(3)前記洗浄する工程の後であって前記フォトレジストをパターニングする工程の前に、前記絶縁膜の表面をHMDSで処理する工程を有してもよい。凝集水の発生を抑制するため、凝集水によるHMDSの分解および気泡の発生を抑制することができる。
(4)前記絶縁膜を形成する工程は、前記絶縁膜上にレジストパターンを形成し、前記レジストパターンを用いて前記絶縁膜の一部をエッチングする工程と、酸素アッシングにより前記レジストパターンを除去する工程とを含んでもよい。酸素アッシングにより絶縁膜に酸化膜が形成される。イソプロピルアルコールによる洗浄を行うため、酸化膜による水分の凝集を抑制することができる。
(5)前記絶縁膜は窒化シリコン膜であるとしてもよい。絶縁膜が酸化し酸化シリコン膜を形成することがある。イソプロピルアルコールによる洗浄を行うため、酸化シリコン膜による水分の凝集を抑制することができる。
(6)前記イオンが注入される深さは5μm以上であり、前記フォトレジストの厚さは10μm以上でもよい。イオンを遮蔽するため10μm以上のフォトレジストを設けると、フォトレジスト下の水分が抜けにくくなる。イソプロピルアルコールによる洗浄を行うことで、フォトレジストの下に水分が残留しにくく、フォトレジストの剥離を抑制することができる。
本発明の実施形態に係る面発光レーザの製造方法の具体例を、以下に図面を参照しつつ説明する。なお、本発明はこれらの例示に限定されるものではなく、特許請求の範囲によって示され、特許請求の範囲と均等の意味および範囲内でのすべての変更が含まれることが意図される。
図1(a)は実施例1に係る面発光レーザ100を例示する平面図であり、図1(b)は面発光レーザ100を例示する断面図である。
次に面発光レーザ100の製造方法を説明する。図2(a)から図8(b)は面発光レーザ100の製造方法を例示する断面図である。
BCl3/Ar=30sccm/70sccm
(またはBCl3/Cl2/Ar=20sccm/10sccm/70sccm)
ICPパワー:50W〜1000W
バイアスパワー:50W〜500W
ウェハの温度:25℃以下
図9は比較例に係る面発光レーザの製造方法を例示する断面図である。比較例ではフォトレジスト40形成前の洗浄において水を使用する。つまり、図3(a)までは実施例1と同様の工程を行い、IPAの浸漬も行う。その後、IPAの置換のために純水で洗浄を行う。またIPA雰囲気中での乾燥ではなくスピン乾燥を行う。
11、13 溝
12 下部反射鏡層
14 活性層
16 上部反射鏡層
18、24 絶縁膜
18a 酸化膜
19 メサ
20 高抵抗領域
25、27 パッド
26、28 電極
30、40 フォトレジスト
32 マーク
34 シロキサン
35 イソプロピルアルコール
36 洗浄槽
38 乾燥装置
42 マスク
100 面発光レーザ
Claims (6)
- 半導体多層膜を含む下部反射鏡層、活性層、および半導体多層膜を含む上部反射鏡層が順に形成された基板を準備する工程と、
前記上部反射鏡層の上に絶縁膜を形成する工程と、
前記絶縁膜を形成する工程の後に、イソプロピルアルコールを用いて洗浄する工程と、
前記洗浄する工程の後、前記絶縁膜の上にフォトレジストを塗布し、前記フォトレジストを露光することで前記フォトレジストをパターニングする工程と、
前記パターニングする工程の後、前記下部反射鏡層、前記活性層および前記上部反射鏡層の前記フォトレジストから露出する部分にイオン注入することで高抵抗領域を形成する工程と、を有し、
前記洗浄する工程は、前記イソプロピルアルコールの液体を用いて洗浄する工程、および前記イソプロピルアルコールの蒸気中で乾燥させる工程を含む面発光レーザの製造方法。 - 前記洗浄する工程は、前記基板をイソプロピルアルコールに浸漬する工程、イソプロピルアルコールの液体により置換する工程、および前記イソプロピルアルコールの蒸気中で乾燥させる工程を含む請求項1に記載の面発光レーザの製造方法。
- 前記洗浄する工程の後であって前記フォトレジストをパターニングする工程の前に、前記絶縁膜の表面をHMDSで処理する工程を有する請求項1または2に記載の面発光レーザの製造方法。
- 前記絶縁膜を形成する工程は、前記絶縁膜上にレジストパターンを形成し、前記レジストパターンを用いて前記絶縁膜の一部をエッチングする工程と、酸素アッシングにより前記レジストパターンを除去する工程とを含む請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の面発光レーザの製造方法。
- 前記絶縁膜は窒化シリコン膜である請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の面発光レーザの製造方法。
- 前記イオンが注入される深さは5μm以上であり、
前記フォトレジストの厚さは10μm以上である請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の面発光レーザの製造方法。
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JPH0513318A (ja) * | 1991-06-28 | 1993-01-22 | Nec Corp | レジスト塗布装置 |
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JP2016122711A (ja) * | 2014-12-24 | 2016-07-07 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | 半導体レーザ装置 |
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