JP2019068622A - Rotary electric machine - Google Patents

Abstract

To solve the problems that manufacture of a rotor consisting of laminated steel plates becomes troublesome and stress of steel plates in accordance with high-speed rotation increases when a communication passage for supplying lubricant to an oil passage for cooling is formed inside the rotor.SOLUTION: Lubricant of an oil hole 9 of a shaft 2 is scattered through supply holes 21 or 27, 26 by centrifugal force based on rotation of a rotor 3, received by receivers 20, 20to be guided to an oil passage 19 for cooling. The lubricant cools the rotor while flowing through the oil passage 19 for cooling, and is diffused from an opening 19a on the opposite side to cool a coil end part of a stator.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The technology disclosed in the present specification relates to a rotating electrical machine such as an electric motor, and more particularly to a rotating electrical machine in which permanent magnets are arranged on a rotor. The rotating electrical machine includes one that converts electrical energy to rotational power (powering) and one that converts rotational power to electrical energy (regeneration). Hereinafter, a motor that converts electrical energy to rotational power is represented explain.

  In general, as a motor requiring high output of hybrid vehicles, EV vehicles, etc., a synchronous motor in which permanent magnets are disposed on a rotor (rotor) and coils (armature winding) are disposed on a stator (stator) is used. It is done. In the rotor of the synchronous motor, a plurality of steel plates are stacked and fitted on a shaft, a permanent magnet is incorporated in the laminated steel plate, and the permanent magnet is embedded in the laminated steel plate; There is a surface magnet structure incorporated in the surface of the laminated steel sheet.

  Conventionally, a cooling flow passage penetrating in the axial direction is formed in the vicinity of the inner diameter side of the magnet in the rotor, and lubricating oil is supplied to the cooling flow passage from a central portion of the shaft through a communication passage formed in the rotor. , The motor which raised cooling efficiency is proposed (patent documents 1).

  The communication passage formed in the rotor is composed of a recess having a width in the axial direction decreasing with distance from the shaft and a radial passage communicating with a portion (small area) of the recess farthest from the shaft. Lubricating oil from is collected at the bottom of the recess by the centrifugal force of the rotor, and the lubricating oil collected at the bottom is sent from the radial passage to the cooling flow passage.

JP, 2015-89316, A

  The communication path including the above-mentioned depression is formed by cutting out the laminated steel plates constituting the rotor as long as it is formed inside the rotor. The rotor is fixed by fitting and laminating a large number of steel plates on a shaft and tightening with a nut, but there is a risk that the notched laminated steel plates may be deformed due to a communication passage such as the above-mentioned recess when tightening. Also, in the case where the communication passage has a thin shape, there is a possibility that a wrap variation with the oil hole formed in the shaft may occur, which restricts the manufacturing of the rotor.

  In addition, the steel plate partially cut away to form the communication hole may become uneven with respect to the load, and when the rotor rotates at high speed, stress such as the rotor core bridge may increase and the strength may decrease. There is.

  Therefore, the rotary electric machine according to the present technology solves the above-mentioned problems by supplying the cooling liquid (lubricating oil) to the cooling flow path formed in the rotor from the shaft through the outside of the rotor. did.

The solution includes a stator wound with a coil,
A rotor having a plurality of laminated steel plates fixed and laminated to a shaft and a plurality of magnets incorporated in the laminated steel plates;
A plurality of cooling channels formed by axially penetrating the laminated steel plate in the vicinity of the magnet;
A supply hole for supplying a cooling liquid for cooling the oil hole at the center of the shaft to the outer periphery of the shaft;
A receiver attached to a side surface of the rotor and in communication with the cooling flow passage, the outer diameter side being covered and the inner diameter side being open,
The liquid for cooling the oil hole of the shaft is scattered from the supply hole by the centrifugal force due to the rotation of the rotor, passes through the axial direction outer side of the rotor, is received by the receiver, and is supplied to the cooling flow path.
The electric rotating machine is characterized by

  There is no need to form a communication passage in the laminated steel plate that constitutes the rotor.

The rotary electric machine (motor) by embodiment of this invention is shown, and the AA sectional view taken on the line of FIG. The side view showing the rotor of rotation electrical machinery. The rotary electric machine (motor) by other embodiment is shown, and the BB sectional drawing of FIG. The side view which shows the rotor of the rotary electric machine of other embodiment.

  An embodiment in which the present invention is used for a synchronous motor (rotary electric machine) will be described below with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, the synchronous motor 1 has a rotor 3 incorporated in the shaft 2 and a stator 5 fixed to a case (not shown) which is a fixing member. The rotor 3 has a large number of silicon steel plates 6... Stacked in the axial direction, and the stator 5 has a coil 7 wound thereon. The shaft 2 is rotatably supported by a bearing in a case, has an oil hole 9 at its central portion, and has a key groove 10 formed on its outer peripheral portion, and a flange 11 projecting radially outward in one axial direction. Is formed, and the screw groove 12 is formed on the other side in the axial direction.

  The steel plate 6 constituting the rotor 3 is fitted with a projection projecting in the inner diameter direction in the key groove 10, fitted in the shaft 2, held in rotation by a large number of the shaft 2, and stacked. One end (the first one) of these laminated steel plates 6 abuts against the flange 11 and the other end (the last one) abuts the washer 13 so that the nut 15 is screwed into the screw groove 12 Are tightened to constitute the rotor 3. As shown in FIG. 2, a large number of through holes are formed in the outer diameter side of the laminated steel plates 6 with the inclination directions reversed alternately, and permanent magnets 16 are embedded in these through holes. Therefore, the magnet 16 has the S pole and the N pole alternately on the front surface side and the back surface side, and is alternately embedded in the outer peripheral portion of the rotor 3 by a predetermined amount and circumferentially embedded with a predetermined amount.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a large number of steel plates 6 constituting the rotor 3 are arranged close to each other on the inner diameter side with the portion C between the outer diameters of the adjacent magnets 16 alternately inclined as the center. The left and right ends of the cooling oil passage (flow passage) 19 are formed in the side surfaces of the rotor 3 with openings 19a and 19b. The cooling oil passage 19 is formed so as to penetrate the rotor 3 in the axial direction, and the outer diameter side central portion thereof opposes the central portion of the outer diameter side adjacent space C of the magnet 16 to form an eight shape of each magnet. It has a substantially rectangular cross section disposed close to the inclined most outer diameter side portion. The arrangement of the magnets 16 and the number thereof are not limited to those shown in FIG. 2 and may be any shape, and the shape and arrangement of the cooling oil passage 19 are not limited to the substantially rectangular cross section, and may be circular. It may have any shape such as a substantially triangular shape or an arc shape extending along the inner circumferential surface of each magnet.

  A receiver 20 is fixed to one end surface of the rotor 3 by adhesion or the like so as to cover an upper portion of the opening 19a of each of the cooling oil passages 19. The receiver 20 has a half cup shape slightly larger than the circumferential width of the cooling oil passage and covered on the outer diameter side and opened on the inner diameter side, and receives lubricating oil (cooling liquid) scattered from the inner diameter side for cooling It leads to the oil passage 19. The receivers 20 are all installed at the opening 19 a of each cooling oil passage 19 on one side surface in the axial direction of the rotor 3. Although the receiver 20 is provided on the steel plates 6 at the outermost left and right ends of the rotor 3, the end plate made of nonmagnetic material is fixed to the outer surface of the steel plates 6 at the left and right ends. Each receiver 20 may be fixed by adhesion, welding, screws or the like. Each receiver is preferably thin and light in plastic or sheet metal or the like.

  A plurality of lubricating oil (cooling liquid) supply holes 21 penetrating from the oil hole 9 at the central portion of the shaft to the outer peripheral surface of the flange 11 are formed in a plurality of portions facing the respective receivers 20 at the flange 11 portion of the shaft 2 It is done. Further, a plurality of coil supply holes 22 which are separated from the receiver 20 and scatter the lubricating oil on the coil end portion of the stator 5 are formed adjacent to the receiver supply hole 21 in the flange 11 portion.

  When electric power is supplied to the coils of the stator 5, the above-described motor (rotating electric machine) 1 rotates the rotor 3 and is transmitted from the shaft 2 to the traveling device of the vehicle. Further, the inertial force of the vehicle or the rotational torque from the engine is transmitted to the shaft 2, and when the rotor 3 rotates, the power generated in the stator 5 is sent to the battery or the like. In either case, the rotor 3 rotates at high speed, a field is generated on the laminated steel plate 6 near the magnet 16 in the rotor 3, and current flows through the coil 7 of the stator 5 to generate heat.

The lubricating oil (cooling liquid) from the oil pump is supplied to the oil hole 9 of the shaft 2, and the lubricating oil is centrifuged by the rotation of the rotor 3 from the respective supply holes 21 and 22 formed in the flange 11 of the shaft 2. It is scattered in the outer diameter direction by force (J ₁ , J ₄ ). The lubricating oil ejected from the supply hole 21 is exclusively received by the receiver 20, and is led to the cooling oil passage 19 from the opening 19a at one axial end (J ₁ ). The lubricating oil in the cooling oil passage 19 flows to the right in the axial direction (J ₂ ) while cooling the heat generation of the magnet 16 of the rotor 3 and the laminated steel plate 6 by the above-mentioned field (J ₂ ). The discharged lubricating oil is scattered in the outer diameter direction by the centrifugal force accompanying the rotation of the rotor 3 (J ₃ ) to cool the heat generated at the coil end portion of the other end of the stator 5.

The lubricating oil spouted from the coil supply hole 22 formed in the flange 11 of the shaft 2 is not received by the receiver 20, and the coil end portion of one end portion of the stator 5 passes through in between by the centrifugal force due to the rotation of the rotor. It is directly scattered (J ₄ ) to cool the heat generated at the coil end. In the embodiment described above, although the lubricating oil from the shaft 2 is distributed to the receiver supply hole 21 and the coil supply hole 22 and the lubricating oil is supplied respectively, the supply holes are used for the receiver and the oil. You may share it and use it as half. That is, by displacing the arrangement of the supply holes 21 a little from the position facing the receiver 20 and combining with the circumferential width of the receiver 20 being relatively narrow, about half of the lubricating oil ejected from the supply holes 21 is It is received by the receiver 20 and supplied to the coil end of the other end via the cooling oil passage 19, and the other half of the lubricating oil is supplied directly to the coil end of one end without being received by the receiver. May be

  As a result, it is possible to directly supply from the shaft 2 to the cooling oil passage 19 of the rotor 3 and the coil end portion of the stator without forming a communication passage in the steel plate 6 inside the rotor. It can be a simple structure that is identical and has no weight imbalance. Therefore, the communication holes in the rotor are not deformed or crushed by the tightening and fixing of the steel plates constituting the rotor, and the alignment of the radial holes of the shaft and the communication holes of the steel plates during steel plate assembly etc. Assembling the steel plates of the same shape does not require work, and the manufacture of the rotor is facilitated, and the reliability is also improved. In addition, each steel plate has the same shape that is stable against load, and even when the rotor rotates at high speed, non-uniform and unnatural stress does not act, it has high strength and high centrifugal force acts at high speed. But stable and smooth rotation is possible.

  Next, a partially modified embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. In addition, since the configuration itself of the motor is the same as that of the previous embodiment, the same reference numerals are given and the description is omitted.

Motor (rotary electric machine) 1 ₂ of the rotor 3, similarly, the cooling oil passage (passage) 19 is a large number (10) formed penetrating the laminated steel plate 6. Half of these cooling oil passage 19, that is, every other, and the receiver 20 ₁ is provided to cover the opening 19a which opens in the axial direction one end face of the rotor 3, the other half Receiver 20 ₂ Is provided so as to cover the opening 19 a of the cooling oil passage 19 at the other axial end of the rotor 3. That is, a number of cooling oil passage 19 disposed circumferentially, the alternating receiver 20 _1, 20 ₂ in the axial direction one end or the other is attached to the side with no receiver is simply an opening portion 19a . Receiver 20 _1, 20 ₂ is different from the receiver 20 of the previous embodiment has become circumferentially wide, and the opening area of the inner diameter side is increased, it is possible to receive more lubricating oil. Similarly to the previous embodiment, the receiver 20 _1, 20 _2, be mounted directly to steel 6 outermost, or may be attached to the end plate.

The flange 11 of the shaft 2, the supply hole 21 is formed toward the outer circumferential surface of the oil hole 9 so as to face the receiver 20 ₁ of the rotor end side. The laminated steel plate 6 is tightened by the nut 15 on the other axial end side (right side) of the rotor 3 of the shaft 2, but in the present embodiment, the oil path between the nut 15 and the laminated steel plate 6 A plate 25 intervenes. The oil passage plate 25 engages with the key groove 10 of the shaft 2 and is positioned against the shaft in the same manner as the steel plate 6. The oil path plate 25, a number of supply holes 26 penetrating in the axial direction so as to face the receiver 20 ₂ of the other end side is formed. Radial oil holes 27 are formed from the oil holes 9 toward the outer peripheral surface corresponding to the position where the plate 25 of the shaft 2 is fitted. The openings on the outer peripheral surface of these oil holes 27 are the above-mentioned fitting It aligns with the feed hole 26 of the plate 25. The oil hole plate 25 is integrally provided on the shaft 2, and the supply hole 26 formed on the plate 25 is a shaft of lubricating oil similar to the supply hole 22 formed on the flange 11. It is a supply hole of the shaft 2 which supplies the outer periphery.

Accordingly, the motor (rotary electric machine) 1 _2, in one aspect, the lubricant oil holes 9 of the shaft 2 is received substantially total volume wide receiver 20 ₁ scattered from the supply hole 21 of the flange 11 by the centrifugal force Then, it is led to the cooling oil passage 19 (J ₁ ). The lubricating oil in the cooling oil passage 19 flows in the axial direction while cooling the magnet 16 and the steel plate 6 (J ₂ ), and is released from the opening 19a on the other side, and is centrifugally forced to the coil end of the other side It is scattered (J ₃ ) to cool the coil end.

On the other side of the rotor 3, the lubricating oil of the oil holes 9 of the shaft 2 is scattered by centrifugal force through the radial oil holes 27 of the shaft 2 and the supply holes 26 of the plate 25, and similar wide receivers 20 Substantially the entire amount is received at ₂ and led to the cooling oil passage 19 (J ₅ ). Similarly, the lubricating oil cools the rotor 3 while flowing through the cooling oil passage 19 (J ₆ ), and is splashed from the opening 19 a on one side. The splashed lubricating oil is supplied to the coil end of one side of the stator 5 by centrifugal force to cool the coil end.

In the present embodiment, since the receiver 20 _1, 20 ₂ in addition to the functions of the above embodiment is arranged by the same number are distributed to the right and left rotor 3, further improve the rotational stability of the rotor 3 Also, since the lubricating oil is distributed to the left and right in the same form by the receiver and the cooling oil passage, the cooling can be equally performed to the left and right. In addition, various changes are possible for the arrangement of the magnet, the cooling oil passage, etc., as in the previous embodiment. Although lubrication oil being supplied to the right side of the receiver by a supply hole 26 formed in the plate 25, supply from the shaft 2 of the receiver 20 ₂ of the lubricating oil, also other shapes of the groove or the like of the steel plate or the end plate outer surface Good. Further, the receiver ₂₀ 1, 20 ₂ of the wide, the above embodiment (see FIGS. 1 and 2) is also applicable to.

  Although the rotor 3 of the motor 1 has an embedded magnet structure in which the magnet 16 is embedded in the laminated steel plate 6, it may have a surface magnet structure in which the magnet is assembled on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor. Further, the arrangement of the magnets 16 is not limited to the eight-letter structure as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 and may be any arrangement structure. The cooling oil passage 19 is not limited to a rectangular shape, and may have other shapes such as a circular cross section, a flat shape expanding in the circumferential direction, and the arrangement with respect to the magnet 16 while the outer diameter side ends of the inclined magnets are adjacent to each other The circumferential center of the cooling oil hole is arranged to face each other, but this may be any arrangement. The present invention is suitable for a vehicle drive motor (a rotating electric machine) that requires a high output, but is not limited to this, and it is not applicable to any motor.

[Summary of this embodiment]
In the present technology, a stator (5) wound with a coil (7),
A rotor (3) having a plurality of laminated steel plates (6) fixed and laminated to a shaft (2) and a plurality of magnets (16) incorporated in the laminated steel plate;
A plurality of cooling channels (19) formed by axially penetrating the laminated steel plate in the vicinity of the magnet (3);
Supply holes (21), (26, 27) for supplying liquid for cooling the oil hole (9) at the center of the shaft (2) to the outer periphery of the shaft;
The receiver (20) (21 ₁ , 21 ₂ ) attached to the side surface of the rotor and in communication with the cooling flow passage (19) and covered on the outer diameter side and open on the inner diameter side;
The liquid for cooling the oil hole (9) of the shaft (2) is scattered from the supply holes (21) (26, 27) by the centrifugal force caused by the rotation of the rotor (3), and the axial direction outer side of the rotor is Through the receiver (20, 20 ₂ ) and supply it to the cooling channel (19)
The electric rotating machine is characterized by

  The cooling liquid is splashed from the feed hole of the shaft by the centrifugal force based on the rotor rotation, and the splashed cooling liquid passes through the axial direction outer side of the rotor and is received by the receiver and fed to the cooling flow path. Therefore, there is no need to provide a communication passage for supplying a cooling liquid to the cooling flow passage in the laminated steel plate constituting the rotor, and when the laminated steel plate is tightened and fixed to the shaft, the communication passage is deformed or crushed. Also, the rotor can be manufactured easily and with high accuracy without the need for the alignment operation between the oil hole formed in the shaft and the communication passage. In addition, all laminated steel plates that make up the rotor can have the same shape and a simple shape without weight imbalance, and can stably rotate even with high rotation of the rotor to improve load strength. And reliable products can be obtained.

For example, referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the receiver (20) is attached to one axial side of the rotor (3) in correspondence with one end opening (19a) of all the cooling channels. ,
The cooling liquid splashed from the supply holes (21, 22) of the shaft (2) is directed to the receiver (20) and the coil end portion of one end of the stator (7) in the axial direction while being separated from the receiver Distributed to
The cooling liquid (J ₄ ) removed from the receiver is directly supplied to the coil end portion at one axial end of the stator (7), and the cooling liquid (J ₁ ) received by the receiver (20) is It flows through the cooling flow path (19) (J ₂ ), and is dissipated from the opening (19a) at the other axial end while cooling the rotor (3), and the other axial end of the stator (7) It is supplied to the coil end (J ₃ ).

  If all the receivers are attached to one side of the rotor, the supply holes can be formed in the shaft itself such as flanges, the installation work of the receivers and the formation work of the supply holes become easy, and the productivity is improved and the cost is reduced. Can be Also, even if the receiver is attached to one side of the rotor, the cooling liquid can be reliably supplied to the coil end portions at both ends of the stator to ensure the cooling efficiency of the rotor and the stator.

For example FIG. 3, with reference to FIG. 4, the receiver ₍₂₀ 1, 20 _2), the one end opening of the cooling channel (19) in the axial direction one side of the rotor (3) and (19a), Distributed so as to correspond to the other end opening of the cooling flow path on the other axial end face of the rotor,
Said shaft opposite the receiver (20 ₁₎ of one side of the rotor a cooling liquid to be scattered from the supply hole (21) in (2), one side surface of the receiver of the rotor (3) (20 ₁₎ in receiving _(J 1), said cooling flow path of the rotor while flow (19) (3) was cooled _(J 2), wherein is dissipated from the opening of the axial end (19a) the stator (7 (J ₃ ), supplied to the coil end of the other axial end of
The cooling liquid is scattered from a supply hole of the shaft opposite the receiver (20 ₂₎ of the other side of the rotor (27, 26), received at the other side of the receiver of the rotor (20 ₂₎ (J ₅ ) The rotor (3) is cooled while flowing through the cooling channel (19) (J ₆ ) and dissipated from the opening (19a) at one end in the axial direction to end in the axial direction of the stator (7) Is supplied to the coil end part of (J ₇ ).

  When the receivers are distributed on both sides of the rotor, the cooling liquid from the shaft is supplied to the left and right sides in the same path as the receiver, the cooling flow path, and the coil end portion of the stator. While the efficiency is stabilized, the centrifugal force acting on the stator is also the same on the left and right of the rotor, and the rotational stability of the rotor can be improved.

The receiver ₍₂₀ 1, 20 ₂₎ is wider than the width of the opening of the inner diameter side opening said cooling flow path (19) (19a), is scattered from said respective supply hole (21) (27 and 26) It is possible to receive substantially all of the cooling liquid.

  If the width of the inner diameter side opening of the receiver is made wider than the width of the opening of the cooling channel, the scattering of the cooling liquid splashed from the supply hole of the shaft is wide even if the dispersion of the cooling liquid deviates from the radial direction by the rotation of the rotor. It can be efficiently received by the receiver.

1 Rotating electric machine (motor)
Reference Signs List 2 shaft 3 rotor 5 stator 6 laminated steel plate 7 coil 9 oil hole 16 magnet 19 cooling flow path (oil path)
19a Openings 20, 20 ₁ , 20 ₂ Receivers 21, 22, 26, 27 Supply holes

Claims (4)

A stator wound with a coil;
A rotor having a plurality of laminated steel plates fixed and laminated to a shaft and a plurality of magnets incorporated in the laminated steel plates;
A plurality of cooling channels formed by axially penetrating the laminated steel plate in the vicinity of the magnet;
A supply hole for supplying a cooling liquid for cooling an oil hole at a central portion of the shaft to an outer peripheral surface of the shaft;
A receiver attached to a side surface of the rotor and in communication with the cooling flow passage, the outer diameter side being covered and the inner diameter side being open,
The liquid for cooling the oil hole of the shaft is scattered from the supply hole by the centrifugal force due to the rotation of the rotor, passes through the axial direction outer side of the rotor, is received by the receiver, and is supplied to the cooling flow path.
Electric rotating machine. The receiver is attached to one axial side of the rotor correspondingly to one end opening of all the cooling channels.
The cooling liquid splashed from the supply hole of the shaft is distributed so as to be separated from the receiver and the receiver and to a coil end portion at one axial end of the stator.
The cooling liquid removed from the receiver is directly supplied to the coil end portion at one axial end of the stator, and the cooling liquid received by the receiver flows through the cooling flow path to cool the rotor. While being dissipated from the opening at the other axial end and supplied to the coil end at the other axial end of the stator,
The rotary electric machine according to claim 1. The receiver is distributed to correspond to an opening at one end of the cooling flow passage on one axial side of the rotor and to an opening at the other end of the cooling flow passage on the other axial end of the rotor. Placed
The cooling liquid splashed from the supply hole of the shaft facing the receiver on one side of the rotor is received by the receiver on one side of the rotor, and the rotor is cooled while flowing through the cooling flow path. , And dissipated from the opening at the other axial end and supplied to the coil end at the other axial end of the stator;
The cooling liquid scattered from the supply hole of the shaft facing the receiver on the other side of the rotor is received by the receiver on the other side of the rotor, and the rotor is cooled while flowing through the cooling flow path. And dissipating from the opening at one end in the axial direction and being supplied to the coil end at one end in the axial direction of the stator,
The rotary electric machine according to claim 1. In the receiver, the inner diameter side opening is wider than the width of the opening of the cooling flow passage, and can receive substantially the whole amount of the cooling liquid scattered from the supply holes.
The rotary electric machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

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