JP2019056496A - Combustion device - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a combustion device capable of controlling the flow rate of fuel to be supplied to a plurality of ejection parts while preventing number of components and production cost from increasing and of increasing a turndown ratio while accelerating the atomization of fuel.SOLUTION: The combustion device comprises a first nozzle 2 and a second nozzle 3 that eject fuel, a multi-way control valve 43 that controls the flow rate of fuel to be supplied to the first nozzle 2 and the second nozzle 3, and a controller 5 that controls an opening of the multi-way control valve 43.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a combustion apparatus that jets fuel into a combustion chamber and burns it.

  Conventionally, an adjustment valve has been provided on the fuel supply line that supplies fuel to the ejection part such as a nozzle, and the flow rate of fuel is adjusted by controlling the proportional valve (regulation valve) in conjunction with the air volume of the combustion air. Therefore, there is a boiler device equipped with a combustion device that performs multi-position control (high combustion, medium combustion, low combustion, etc.) and proportional control (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2008-2787 A

  However, in the conventional combustion apparatus, an adjustment valve is provided in correspondence with the ejection portion that adjusts the flow rate of the fuel. For this reason, when it was going to adjust the flow volume to each of a plurality of jetting parts, for example, it was necessary to provide an adjustment valve by the number of jetting parts to be adjusted. As a result, the number of parts increases and the manufacturing cost may increase.

  The present invention has been conceived in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a combustion apparatus capable of adjusting the flow rate of fuel supplied to a plurality of ejection parts while suppressing an increase in the number of parts and an increase in manufacturing cost. It is to be.

  In order to achieve the above object, a combustion apparatus according to an aspect of the present invention includes a first ejection part and a second ejection part that eject fuel, and a flow rate of fuel supplied to the first ejection part and the second ejection part. And a control unit for controlling the opening degree of the multi-way adjusting valve.

  According to said structure, the flow volume of the fuel supplied to a 1st ejection part and a 2nd ejection part can be adjusted with a multi-way regulating valve, and the increase in the number of parts of a combustion apparatus and the raise of manufacturing cost can be suppressed.

  Preferably, in the first combustion range, the control unit controls the flow rate of the fuel supplied to the first injection unit by controlling the opening of the multi-way regulating valve, and the combustion amount is larger than that in the first combustion range. In the large second combustion range, the flow rate of the fuel supplied to the second ejection portion is controlled after the opening amount of the multi-way adjusting valve is controlled to set the ejection amount of the first ejection portion to the maximum ejection amount. .

  According to said structure, the combustion amount in a 1st combustion range and a 2nd combustion range can be adjusted by controlling the opening degree of a multi-way adjustment valve by a control part. For this reason, the processing by the control unit can be simplified and the processing load can be reduced.

  Preferably, a third ejection part for igniting the first ejection part is further provided.

  According to said structure, the ignition failure of a 1st ejection part can be suppressed more reliably.

  Preferably, the control unit controls the opening of the multi-way adjusting valve in the first combustion range after supplying the maximum ejection amount of the third ejection unit to supply the first ejection unit to the first ejection unit. Control the fuel flow rate.

  According to said structure, a 3rd ejection part can be used as a base combustion of a combustion apparatus, and the ignition to a 1st ejection part can be reliably performed by the combustion by the stable 3rd combustion part.

It is a figure which shows the structure of a combustion apparatus typically. It is a time chart which shows operation | movement of a combustion apparatus.

<About schematic configuration>
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First, a schematic configuration of the combustion apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The combustion apparatus 1 is mounted on an oil-fired boiler or a gas-fired boiler.

  The combustion apparatus 1 includes a first nozzle 2 and a second nozzle 3 that eject fuel, an ignition nozzle 4 for igniting at least the first nozzle 2, a plurality of valves 41 to 45, and a plurality of these valves 41 to 45. And a control unit 5 that controls opening and closing (or opening). The fuel may be a liquid such as oil or a gas such as gas.

  The first nozzle 2, the second nozzle 3, and the ignition nozzle 4 each constitute an ejection part for ejecting fuel into the combustion chamber 9. Specifically, the first nozzle 2 constitutes a first ejection part, the second nozzle 3 constitutes a second ejection part, and the ignition nozzle 4 constitutes a third ejection part. The combustion range of combustion in the combustion chamber 9 changes according to the amount of fuel ejected from each of these nozzles 2 to 4, that is, the amount of fuel ejected. In addition, although a nozzle is illustrated as an ejection part, if an ejection part is a member which can eject a fuel, it may be comprised not only by a nozzle but by another member.

  The combustion range in the combustion apparatus 1 includes an initial combustion range in which the fuel ejected from the ignition nozzle 4 is combusted, and a fuel ejected from the first nozzle 2 in addition to the ignition nozzle 4 to burn more than the initial combustion range. A first combustion range having a large amount and a second combustion range having a combustion amount larger than the first combustion range by burning the fuel ejected from the second nozzle 3 in addition to the ignition nozzle 4 and the first nozzle 2 are provided. It has been.

  The ignition nozzle 4 ejects fuel at the start of combustion and is ignited by an ignition device (for example, an ignition transformer). The ignition nozzle 4 ejects fuel at the maximum ejection amount from the combustion start stage. For this reason, the first nozzle 2 can be reliably ignited. The ignition nozzle 4 continues to eject fuel during the combustion period.

  The first nozzle 2 ejects fuel and is ignited by the ignition nozzle 4. The ejection amount from the first nozzle 2 is proportionally adjusted in the first combustion range, and is constant (for example, the maximum ejection amount) in the second combustion range.

  The second nozzle 3 ejects fuel and is ignited by the ignition nozzle 4 or the first nozzle 2. The second nozzle 3 does not eject fuel in the first combustion range, but ejects fuel only in the second combustion range. The amount of ejection from the second nozzle 3 is adjusted in the second combustion range.

  The diameters (inner diameters) of the first nozzle 2, the second nozzle 3, and the ignition nozzle 4 are all the same, but the maximum ejection amount (flow rate) of each is “ignition nozzle 4 <first nozzle 2 <second nozzle”. 3 ”may be established.

  In the present embodiment, fuel is supplied from the fuel tank 8 to the ignition nozzle 4, the first nozzle 2, and the second nozzle 3 through three paths 61, 62 a, 62 b branched from the main path 6. . Specifically, the main path 6 is branched into first and second paths 61 and 62 at an intermediate position, and the second path 62 is further branched into two paths 62a and 62b at an intermediate position. The ignition nozzle 4 is connected to the first path 61. The first nozzle 2 is connected to one path 62 a of the second paths 62, and the second nozzle 3 is connected to the other path 62 b of the second paths 62.

  The valve 41 is provided on the main path 6 and is, for example, a valve that can be switched between an open state and a closed state, that is, a switching valve. The valve 42 is a switching valve provided on the first path 61. The valve 43 is a multi-way adjusting valve (three-way valve) provided at the branch point of the second path 62. The valve 44 is a switching valve provided on one path 62 a of the second path 62. The valve 45 is a switching valve provided on the other path 62 b of the second path 62.

  Valves 41, 42, 44, and 45 as switching valves are constituted by electromagnetic valves, for example. The valve 43 as a multi-way adjusting valve is a throttle valve capable of adjusting the opening, and is constituted by a motor valve, for example. In the following description, in order to facilitate the distinction, the valve 41 is a main solenoid valve, the valve 42 is a first solenoid valve, the valve 44 is a second solenoid valve, the valve 45 is a third solenoid valve, and the valve 43 is This is called a multi-way regulating valve.

  The control unit 5 controls opening / closing of the electromagnetic valves 41, 42, 44, 45 and also controls (adjusts) the opening degree of the multi-way adjusting valve 43. The controller 5 can proportionally control the opening degree of the multi-way adjusting valve 43. The control unit 5 is realized by a computer including a memory, a timer, and an arithmetic processing unit.

<About operation>
With reference to FIG. 2, the operation of the combustion apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment will be described. FIG. 2A shows the change in the ejection amount of each nozzle, and FIG. 2B shows the load factor in the entire combustion apparatus 1. Prior to combustion, all the valves 41 to 45 are closed.

  When starting combustion (t1), the control unit 5 opens the main electromagnetic valve 41, and thereafter (or simultaneously) opens the first electromagnetic valve 42 and supplies fuel to the ignition nozzle 4. As a result, the fuel is ejected from the ignition nozzle 4 at the maximum ejection amount (100%). In this state, ignition is performed by the ignition device.

  Thereafter (t2), the control unit 5 opens the second electromagnetic valve 44 and increases the opening of the multi-way adjusting valve 43 proportionally. As described above, the control unit 5 sets the ejection amount of the ignition nozzle 4 to the maximum ejection amount, and then controls the opening degree of the multi-way adjustment valve 43 in the first combustion range and supplies the fuel to the first nozzle 2. To control. Thereby, in the 1st combustion range, the ejection amount of the fuel from the 1st nozzle 2 can be increased proportionally. The fuel supply to the ignition nozzle 4 and the fuel supply to the first nozzle 2 may be started simultaneously.

  When the ejection amount of the first nozzle 2 reaches the maximum ejection amount with the opening adjustment (enlargement) of the multiway adjustment valve 43 (t3), the control unit 5 continues the opening adjustment of the multiway adjustment valve 43, The third solenoid valve 45 is opened. At this time, the second electromagnetic valve 44 is left open. The third electromagnetic valve 45 is opened when the ejection amount from the first nozzle 2 reaches the maximum ejection amount (or a little later), but the timing for opening the third electromagnetic valve 45 is as follows: It may be the time when a predetermined time has elapsed from the start of combustion.

  As described above, in the second combustion range, the control unit 5 supplies the second nozzle 3 after controlling the opening degree of the multi-way regulating valve 43 to set the ejection amount of the first nozzle 2 to the maximum ejection amount. Control the fuel flow rate. Thereby, the amount of fuel ejected from the second nozzle 3 can be proportionally increased while the amount of ejection of the first nozzle 2 is kept constant (maximum amount of ejection).

  The opening adjustment of the multi-way adjusting valve 43 is performed until the amount of ejection from the second nozzle 3 reaches the maximum amount of ejection. When the opening degree of the multi-way adjusting valve 43 is fully opened, the ejection amount from the second nozzle 3 becomes the maximum ejection amount (t4).

  In FIG. 2, an example of the contents of control by the control unit 5 from the start of combustion until reaching the maximum combustion amount has been described. The control unit 5 sets a load factor according to, for example, the amount of steam generated by the boiler, and controls the opening of the multi-way adjusting valve 43 so as to be the load factor. Thereby, the combustion apparatus 1 can be proportionally controlled so as to have an arbitrary load factor.

  As described above, since the amount of ejection from the first nozzle 2 and the second nozzle 3 can be adjusted by one adjusting valve (multi-way adjusting valve) 43, an adjusting valve is provided for each of the first nozzle 2 and the second nozzle 3. Compared to the above, an increase in the number of parts and an increase in manufacturing cost can be suppressed.

  Further, the amount of combustion in the first combustion range and the second combustion range can be adjusted by controlling the opening of the multi-way adjusting valve 43 by the control unit 5. For this reason, the processing by the control unit 5 can be simplified and the processing load can be reduced.

  Furthermore, by providing the ignition nozzle 4, the ignition failure of the first nozzle 2 can be more reliably suppressed.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications and applications are possible. Hereinafter, modifications of the above-described embodiment applicable to the present invention will be described.

  Although the combustion apparatus 1 in the above embodiment has been described with respect to an example in which proportional control is performed so that an arbitrary load factor is obtained, the present invention is not limited thereto, and multi-position control may be performed. For example, the opening degree of the multi-way adjusting valve 43 is set (stored) in advance for each of stop, low combustion, medium combustion, and high combustion, and the control unit 5 determines, for example, according to the amount of steam generated by the boiler, etc. You may control the opening degree of the multi-way regulating valve 43 so that it may become any one of a stop, low combustion, middle combustion, and high combustion.

  Although the combustion apparatus 1 in the said embodiment demonstrated the example (example which provides the ignition nozzle 4 on the path | route 61) which does not provide the ignition nozzle 4 in the exit side (downstream side) of the multiway adjustment valve 43, it is not restricted to this. The path 61 may be a path different from the path 62a and path 62b on the outlet side of the multi-way adjusting valve 43, and the ignition nozzle 4 and the valve 42 may be provided on this path. In this case, the multi-way adjusting valve (four-way adjusting valve) adjusts the flow rate of the fuel supplied to the ignition nozzle 4 (third ejection portion) in the initial combustion range.

  Not limited to the above embodiment, four or more nozzles may be provided. In this case, for example, a five-way adjusting valve may be adopted as the multi-way adjusting valve, and the second path 62 may be branched into four paths corresponding to the four nozzles. Further, two three-way valves may be employed, and for example, the path 62b may be branched into two paths for the second and third nozzles. In any case, the number of fuel ejection portions (nozzles) can be increased with a simple configuration. Moreover, atomization of the fuel can be further promoted, and the turndown ratio can be further increased.

  In the above-described embodiment, the example in which the second and third electromagnetic valves 44 and 45 are provided on the downstream side of the multi-way adjusting valve 43 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the second and third electromagnetic valves 44 and 45 are provided. One solenoid valve may be provided in the flow path 62 on the upstream side of the multi-way regulating valve 43.

  The embodiment disclosed this time must be considered as illustrative in all points and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the terms of the claims, rather than the description above, and is intended to include any modifications within the scope and meaning equivalent to the terms of the claims.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Combustion apparatus 2 1st nozzle 3 2nd nozzle 4 Ignition nozzle 5 Control part 6 Main path 8 Fuel tank 9 Combustion chamber 41 Main solenoid valve 42 1st solenoid valve 43 Multi-way regulating valve 44 2nd solenoid valve 45 3rd solenoid valve 61 First route 62 Second route 62a Route 62b Route

Claims (4)

A first ejection part and a second ejection part for ejecting fuel;
A multi-way regulating valve that adjusts the flow rate of fuel supplied to the first ejection section and the second ejection section;
And a controller that controls an opening degree of the multi-way adjusting valve. The controller is
In the first combustion range, the flow rate of the fuel supplied to the first ejection part by controlling the opening of the multi-way regulating valve is controlled,
In the second combustion range in which the combustion amount is larger than the first combustion range, the opening amount of the multi-way regulating valve is controlled to set the ejection amount of the first ejection portion to the maximum ejection amount, and then the second ejection portion. The combustion apparatus of Claim 1 which controls the flow volume of the fuel supplied to a fuel cell.   The combustion apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a third ejection part for igniting the first ejection part.   The control unit controls the degree of opening of the multi-way adjusting valve in the first combustion range and supplies the first ejection unit with the maximum ejection amount of the third ejection unit, and then supplies the fuel to the first ejection unit. The combustion apparatus of Claim 3 which controls.

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