JP2019007735A - Sensor-equipped bolt and bolt abnormality detection system - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a sensor-equipped bolt capable of immediately and accurately detecting an abnormality of the fastened bolt.SOLUTION: A sensor-equipped bolt 10 includes a bolt main body 13 with a shaft portion 12, an ultrasonic sensor 14 accommodated in a concave portion 11a formed on one end side of the shaft portion 12, and a transmitter 19 for wirelessly outputting a detection signal of the ultrasonic sensor 14; and the ultrasonic sensor 14 is disposed so as to detect the reflected wave of the ultrasonic signal emitted toward the other end side in the shaft portion 12. The ultrasonic sensor 14 preferably emits ultrasonic signals at regular intervals.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a bolt with a sensor and a bolt abnormality detection system.

  As a method for detecting the breakage of a bolt due to fatigue failure or the like in a non-contact manner, Patent Document 1 discloses that a permanent magnet is bonded to the head of a bolt fastened to a structure, and the bolt head breaks and falls off together with the permanent magnet. It is shown that a warning is generated by detecting a change in the magnetic field.

JP 2011-164080 A

  In the conventional detection method described above, the breakage of the bolt is detected by the removal of the permanent magnet, so if the permanent magnet does not fall off, such as the occurrence of a crack in the bolt or the breakage at the front end side of the bolt shaft, There was a possibility that abnormalities such as cracks could not be detected accurately.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a bolt with a sensor and a bolt abnormality detection system that can quickly and accurately detect the occurrence of an abnormality of a bolt that has been fastened.

  The object of the present invention is to provide a bolt body provided with a shaft portion, an ultrasonic sensor housed in a recess formed on one end side of the shaft portion, and a transmitter that wirelessly outputs a detection signal of the ultrasonic sensor. The ultrasonic sensor is achieved by a sensor-equipped bolt arranged to detect a reflected wave of an ultrasonic signal emitted toward the other end side in the shaft portion.

  In this bolt with a sensor, the ultrasonic sensor preferably emits an ultrasonic signal periodically.

  In addition, the object of the present invention includes the above-described bolt with a sensor and a monitoring device that receives a detection signal wirelessly output from the bolt with the sensor, and the monitoring device has the shaft portion based on the received detection signal. This is achieved by a bolt abnormality detection system that detects the abnormality of the bolt.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a bolt with a sensor and a bolt abnormality detection system that can quickly and accurately detect the occurrence of an abnormality of a bolt that has been fastened.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a bolt abnormality detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a bolt abnormality detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the bolt abnormality detection system 1 includes a bolt 10 with a sensor and a monitoring device 20.

  The sensor-equipped bolt 10 includes a bolt body 13 including a head portion 11 and a shaft portion 12, an ultrasonic sensor 14, and a signal output unit 16. In the bolt body 13, a recess 11 a is formed on the upper surface of the head 11 that is one end side of the shaft portion 12, and a screw portion 12 a is formed on the outer periphery of the shaft portion 12. The sensor-equipped bolt 10 is used as a fastener for various structures, devices, and the like, and an attachment target, an attachment position, and the like are specified by unique bolt identification information.

  The ultrasonic sensor 14 is fixed to the bottom surface of the concave portion 11 a with a sealing resin 15, emits a pulsed ultrasonic signal into the shaft portion 12 toward the other end side of the shaft portion 12, and It arrange | positions so that the reflected wave reflected by the end surface etc. may be detected. The emission time of the ultrasonic signal is set to a time required for detecting the abnormality of the bolt 10 with sensor, and is emitted periodically (for example, 10 times a day) at regular intervals.

  The signal output unit 16 includes a microchip 17, a battery 18, a transmission unit 19, and a display unit 30 inside the casing. The microchip 17 operates by receiving power supply from the battery 18, generates an output signal including the bolt identification information in the detection signal output from the ultrasonic sensor 14, and outputs the output signal wirelessly from the transmission unit 19. The output from the transmission unit 19 is, for example, connected to the Internet via a gateway or a portable terminal by a method of directly connecting to the Internet by mobile communication such as 3G communication, or by short-range communication such as Bluetooth (registered trademark) or Zigbee. It can be performed by a method or the like. The output from the transmission unit 19 can be performed every time the ultrasonic sensor 14 generates a detection signal. When the microchip 17 can grasp the change of the detection signal, the output signal is output from the transmission unit 19 only when the change of the detection signal occurs with respect to the immediately preceding detection signal, and when the detection signal does not change The power consumption can be reduced by wirelessly outputting the output information from the transmission unit 19 at a period longer than the period for generating the detection signal (for example, once a day). The display part 30 can be comprised from a liquid crystal panel, LED, etc. FIG.

  The monitoring device 20 is, for example, a computer, a tablet terminal, a smartphone, or the like on a network. The monitoring device 20 receives a detection signal output from the sensor-equipped bolt 10 via a network such as the Internet, and the received detection signal. The memory unit 22 that is stored together with the bolt identification information, the determination unit 23 that determines whether there is an abnormality in the sensor-equipped bolt 10 from the received detection signal, and the abnormality occurrence information that indicates that an abnormality has occurred in the bolt 10 with the sensor And an output unit 24 that outputs information together with the information. The monitoring device 20 may have a configuration in which some functions are distributed. For example, a detection signal of the sensor-attached bolt 10 periodically transmitted from the sensor-attached bolt 10 is installed on the cloud. You may store in a virtual server or a web service.

  Based on the detection signal received from the bolt 10 with sensor, the determination unit 23 detects whether the shaft portion 12 has an abnormality such as a crack or a fracture. When a defect such as a crack or break occurs in the shaft part 12, since the ultrasonic signal emitted from the ultrasonic sensor 14 is reflected by this defect part, a component of a reflected wave that cannot be generated in a normal state is detected. The transmission time of the ultrasonic signal and the entire waveform of the reflected wave change. By utilizing this change, the abnormality of the shaft portion 12 can be detected. The abnormality detection method of the shaft portion 12 is not particularly limited. For example, the detection signal received from the bolt 10 with the sensor is stored in advance as a reference waveform of the detection signal waveform when the bolt 10 with the sensor is in a normal state. It is also possible to detect an abnormality in the shaft portion 12 by performing pattern matching by comparing this waveform with the reference waveform.

  The output unit 24 displays the abnormality occurrence information of the sensor-attached bolt 10 on a monitor or the like. The output unit 24 may transmit the abnormality occurrence information to another terminal or the like via an e-mail or the like instead of displaying the screen (or displaying the screen), and the sensor-equipped bolt 10 is actually used. Accurate information can be quickly delivered to the site. By providing the receiving bolt 10 with the sensor, the abnormality occurrence information output to the outside by the output unit 24 is received by the corresponding bolt 10 with the sensor, and the abnormality content is displayed on the display unit 30 in characters, colors, or the like. You can also.

  The bolt abnormality detection system 1 having the above configuration increases the abnormality of the shaft portion 12 that cannot be detected by magnetic field measurement or visual observation based on a detection signal obtained by automatic detection by the ultrasonic sensor 14 of the bolt 10 with sensor. It can be detected with accuracy. In addition, by periodically acquiring this detection signal, it is possible to quickly grasp and respond to the occurrence of an abnormality in the bolt 10 with a sensor, and accurately grasp the occurrence position and the time until the occurrence of the abnormality. It can be used for preventive maintenance such as inspection and replacement of the bolt 10 with sensor.

  The sensor-equipped bolt 10 may include other sensors such as a position sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a sound sensor, and a vibration sensor in addition to the ultrasonic sensor 14. It is possible to quickly and accurately grasp changes in the surrounding environment of devices and the like from detection signals of various sensors and perform surrounding diagnosis. The detection signals of these sensors can also be used for abnormality detection of the sensor-equipped bolt 10 by the ultrasonic sensor 14. For example, the ultrasonic wave emitted by the ultrasonic sensor 14 according to the ambient temperature detected by the temperature sensor. The temperature of the signal may be corrected.

  Although the bolt main body 13 of the bolt 10 with a sensor of this embodiment is set as the structure provided with the head 11 and the axial part 12, it is the structure only of an axial part without having a head like a hollow set, a stud bolt, etc. The ultrasonic sensor may be disposed in a recess formed on one end side of the shaft portion, and can be used in the same manner as the sensor-equipped bolt 10 of the present embodiment. The shaft portion 12 may have a shaft shape without the threaded portion 12a. The sensor-equipped bolt 10 distributes a device in which parts accommodated in the concave portion 11a such as the ultrasonic sensor 14 and the signal output unit 16 are integrated in advance to the market. It can also be used by being fitted into the recess of the bolt.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Bolt abnormality detection system 10 Bolt with sensor 11 Head 11a Recessed part 12 Shaft part 13 Bolt main body 14 Ultrasonic sensor 19 Transmitter 20 Monitoring device

Claims (3)

A bolt main body including a shaft portion, an ultrasonic sensor accommodated in a recess formed on one end side of the shaft portion, and a transmitter that wirelessly outputs a detection signal of the ultrasonic sensor,
The ultrasonic sensor is a sensor-equipped bolt arranged so as to detect a reflected wave of an ultrasonic signal emitted toward the other end side in the shaft portion.   The bolt with a sensor according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic sensor periodically emits an ultrasonic signal. A bolt with a sensor according to claim 1 or 2, and a monitoring device that receives a detection signal wirelessly output from the bolt with a sensor,
The monitoring apparatus is a bolt abnormality detection system that detects an abnormality of the shaft portion based on a received detection signal.

Images