JP2018531791A - 自己洗浄フィルタ - Google Patents
自己洗浄フィルタ Download PDFInfo
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- JP2018531791A JP2018531791A JP2018528095A JP2018528095A JP2018531791A JP 2018531791 A JP2018531791 A JP 2018531791A JP 2018528095 A JP2018528095 A JP 2018528095A JP 2018528095 A JP2018528095 A JP 2018528095A JP 2018531791 A JP2018531791 A JP 2018531791A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
- B01D35/005—Filters specially adapted for use in internal-combustion engine lubrication or fuel systems
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
- B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
- B01D39/1607—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous
- B01D39/1615—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous of natural origin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
- B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
- B01D39/1607—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous
- B01D39/1623—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous of synthetic origin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
- B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
- B01D39/1669—Cellular material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
- B01D39/18—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being cellulose or derivatives thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
- B01D39/20—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of inorganic material, e.g. asbestos paper, metallic filtering material of non-woven wires
- B01D39/2003—Glass or glassy material
- B01D39/2017—Glass or glassy material the material being filamentary or fibrous
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- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
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- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G31/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by methods not otherwise provided for
- C10G31/09—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by methods not otherwise provided for by filtration
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
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- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
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- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
- D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
- D04H1/728—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by electro-spinning
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- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
- D04H3/009—Condensation or reaction polymers
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
- D04H3/03—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments at random
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D2239/02—Types of fibres, filaments or particles, self-supporting or supported materials
- B01D2239/0216—Bicomponent or multicomponent fibres
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- B01D2239/025—Types of fibres, filaments or particles, self-supporting or supported materials comprising nanofibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D2239/06—Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
- B01D2239/0604—Arrangement of the fibres in the filtering material
- B01D2239/0618—Non-woven
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D2239/0636—Two or more types of fibres present in the filter material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D2239/0604—Arrangement of the fibres in the filtering material
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D2239/065—More than one layer present in the filtering material
- B01D2239/0654—Support layers
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- D10B2505/00—Industrial
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本願は2015年8月22日に出願された米国仮特許出願62/208,659からの優先権を主張し、参照により本願に取り込まれる。
以下の比較例は自己洗浄ろ過媒体10の改善特性を実証する。実施例1、2A、及び2Bはガラスファイバーを一切使用せずに配合され、実施例3〜6はガラスファイバーを用いて配合された。
支持層28は28.5%の北部針葉樹さらしクラフト(NBSK)と、71.4%の105gsmの坪量を有するユーカリパルプと、0.36mm(4ミル)の平板キャリパとを備える100%セルロース湿式不織布である。支持層28は、染み込まされた支持層28の坪量(SD)が約128gsmであり、坪量(SDC)が約123gsmであるように、17%のフェノール樹脂(Kangnam Chemical社からのKC 2540R等)と0.2%の湿式強度添加剤とで染み込まされる。この支持層28のファイバーの重量は、支持層28の重量の83%である。この例では、ナノファイバー層24は存在しない。
これらの実施例の両方において、支持層28は実施例1と同じであるが、これらの例示的な自己洗浄ろ過媒体10は支持層28に直接電気紡糸されたポリエーテルスルホン(PES)のナノファイバーのナノファイバー層24を有する。PESナノファイバー層24は約2.5gsmの坪量を有するので、自己洗浄ろ過媒体10は130gsmの合計坪量(SD)及び125gsmの坪量(SDC)を有する。実施例2Aのナノファイバーは約500〜700nmの範囲の直径を有し、実施例2Bのナノファイバーは300〜500nmの範囲の直径を有する。従って、実施例2Aの平板キャリパは約0.38mm(15ミル)であり、実施例2Bの平板キャリパは約0.39mmである。これらの自己洗浄ろ過媒体10中のファイバーの重量は自己洗浄ろ過媒体10の重量の83%である。ナノファイバー層24と支持層28との間に追加的な接着剤はない。
支持層28は、43%のNBSKパルプと、12.4%の南部針葉樹さらしクラフト(SBSK)パルプと、29%の混合広葉樹パルプ(57%のオーク/43%のアカシア)と、15.6%のガラスファイバー(LauschaからのC−04−Fi等)とを備え、155gsmの坪量、0.58mm(23ミル)の平板キャリパを有する湿式不織布である。支持層28は、16%のフェノール樹脂(Kangnam Chemical社からのKC 2540R等)と、樹脂の重量の2.3%の量及び自己洗浄ろ過媒体10の重量の0.4%の撥水剤と、支持層28の重量の3%の量の湿式強度添加剤とが染み込まされる。染み込まされ乾燥された(SD)支持層28の坪量は188gsmであり、染み込まされ乾燥され硬化された(SDC)支持層28の坪量は180gsmである。支持層28中のファイバーの重量は支持層28の重量の約84.4%である。この実施例では、ナノファイバー層24はない。
この実施例の支持層28は実施例3と同じであるが、支持層28上に直接電気紡糸されたポリエーテルスルホン(PES)ナノファイバーのナノファイバー層28を有する。ナノファイバー層24中のナノファイバーは500〜700nmの範囲の直径を有する。PESナノファイバー層24は、この実施例の自己洗浄ろ過媒体10が190gsmの合計坪量(SD)、182gsmの合計坪量(SDC)、及び0.58mm(23ミル)のキャリパを有するように、約2.5gsmの坪量を有する。この自己洗浄ろ過媒体10中のファイバーの重量は自己洗浄ろ過媒体10の重量の約84.4%である。この実施例ではナノファイバー層24と支持層28との間に追加的な接着剤はない。
この実施例の支持層28は、34.4%の混合針葉樹パルプと、50%の混合広葉樹パルプと、15.6%のガラスファイバー(LauschaからのC−04−Fi等)とを備え、168gsmの坪量、0.56mmの平板キャリパを有する湿式不織布である。支持層28は、18%のフェノール樹脂(Kangnam Chemical社からのKC 2540R等)と、樹脂の重量の2.3%の量の撥水剤と、支持層28の重量の3%の量の湿式強度添加剤とが染み込まされる。染み込まされ乾燥された(SD)支持層28の坪量は208gsmであり、染み込まされ乾燥され硬化された(SDC)支持層28の坪量は200gsmである。支持層28中のファイバーの重量は支持層28の重量の約84.4%である。この実施例では、ナノファイバー層24はない。
この実施例の支持層28は実施例5と同じであるが、支持層28上に直接電気紡糸されたポリエーテルスルホン(PES)ナノファイバーのナノファイバー層24を有する。ナノファイバー層中のナノファイバーは300〜500nmの範囲の直径を有する。PESナノファイバー層24は、この実施例の自己洗浄ろ過媒体10が210gsmの合計坪量(SD)、201gsmの合計坪量(SDC)、及び0.54mmのキャリパを有するように、約2.5gsmの坪量を有する。この自己洗浄ろ過媒体10中のファイバーの重量は自己洗浄ろ過媒体10の重量の約84.4%である。この実施例ではナノファイバー層24と支持層28との間に追加的な接着剤はない。
表1及び表2に示された特性は以下の試験方法に従って決定された。
坪量はTAPPI Standard T 410 om−02に従って測定され、グラム/平方メートル(gsm)で報告された。
自己洗浄ろ過媒体10のキャリパ又は厚さはThwing Albert 89−100厚さ測定器を用いてTAPPI Standard T 411 om−05に従って決定された。
自己洗浄ろ過媒体10の通気率又は「通気性」は、Textest AG(FX3300モデル)を用いて0.5インチ(2.7mm)の水差でTAPPI Standard T 251 cm−85(「Air Permeability of Porous Paper」、Fabric and Pulp Handsheets)に従って測定され、毎分当たりの、1平方フィートの試料面積当たりの立方フィートの空気の流速として報告され(cfm/sf)、cfmと言及される場合がある。通気性は、気孔率、フレーザー(Frazier)又はテクストテスト(Textest)とも呼ばれる。
湿潤及び乾燥破裂強度はTAPPI Standard T 403 om−22(「Bursting Strength of Paper」)に従って測定され、kgf/cm2で報告された。
自己洗浄ろ過媒体10内の細孔の寸法は、Porometer G3シリーズ(Quantachrome Instruments)を利用してASTM 316−03(2011)に従ったバブルポイント法を用いて決定され、ミクロン(μm)で報告された。
燃料ろ過用のISO 19438に従ったマルチパス試験台(Bonavista B23−04)システムを用いて、自己洗浄ろ過媒体10のDHC及び粒子除去効率が得られた。ISO 19438は、一定流速の試験液体に供された内燃エンジン用の燃料フィルタの性能を評価するための、連続的な汚染物質注入を伴い、オンライン粒子カウント法を用いた、マルチパスろ過試験を特定している。試験手順は、フィルタの汚染物質容量、その微粒子除去特性、及び差圧を決定する。マルチパスシステムを用いた潤滑油ろ過用のISO 4548−12に続いて、油圧オイル用のDHC及び粒子除去効率が自己洗浄ろ過媒体10について決定された。ISO 4548−12は、内燃エンジン用の全開流量潤滑油フィルタの性能を測定するための標準試験手順を確立し、内燃エンジン用の全開流量潤滑油フィルタの性能を評価するための、連続的な汚染物質注入を伴い、オンライン粒子カウント法を用いた、マルチパスろ過試験を特定する。試験手順は、フィルタの汚染物質容量、その微粒子除去特性、及び差圧を決定する。燃料及びオイルの両方の微粒子除去について、自己洗浄ろ過媒体10は、2L/分の試験フロー、250mL/分の粒子注入フロー、25mg/LのBUGL(基本上流重量レベル、Basic Upstream Gravimetric Level)(ISO 媒体試験用ダスト)、70kPaの圧力降下、及び1003cm2のフィルタ試験面積(58ひだ×2、高さ13mm、幅66.5mm)のフィルタ要素として試験される。
Claims (18)
- 炭化水素流体のろ過用途における使用のための自己洗浄ろ過媒体であって、
前記自己洗浄ろ過媒体の上流側の第一層であって、前記第一層は50〜1000nm(0.05〜1ミクロン)の直径と1gsm超の坪量とを有するポリエーテルスルホンナノファイバーを備える、第一層と、
前記自己洗浄ろ過媒体の下流側の第二層であって、前記第二層は不織布基材を備える、第二層と、を備え、
前記自己洗浄ろ過媒体は、燃料のろ過用にはISO 19438に従い、油のろ過用にはISO 4548−12に従って前記自己洗浄ろ過媒体が試験された際に、4ミクロンの粒子について少なくとも6mg/cm2のダスト保持容量と、90%超の燃料ろ過効率とを有する、自己洗浄ろ過媒体。 - 前記第一層は、300〜700nmの直径を有するナノファイバーを備える、請求項1に記載の自己洗浄ろ過媒体。
- 前記第一層は、300〜500nmの直径を有するナノファイバーを備える、請求項2に記載の自己洗浄ろ過媒体。
- 前記第一層は1〜5gsmの坪量を有する、請求項1に記載の自己洗浄ろ過媒体。
- 前記第一層は2〜3gsmの坪量を有する、請求項4に記載の自己洗浄ろ過媒体。
- 前記第一層の前記ナノファイバーは前記第二層上に直接電気紡糸されている、請求項1に記載の自己洗浄ろ過媒体。
- 前記ナノファイバーは、ポリエーテルスルホンと接着剤との電気紡糸された混合物を備える、請求項1に記載の自己洗浄ろ過媒体。
- 前記第一層を電気紡糸する前に、1%〜5%の量で前記接着剤が前記ポリエーテルスルホンと混合される、請求項7に記載の自己洗浄ろ過媒体。
- 前記第二層の前記不織布基材は、80〜100%のセルロースファイバーと0〜20%のガラスマイクロファイバーとを備える湿式不織布である、請求項1に記載の自己洗浄ろ過媒体。
- 前記湿式不織布が、前記湿式不織布の重量の10〜25%の重量に適用された樹脂を更に備える、請求項9に記載の自己洗浄ろ過媒体。
- 前記第二層は3〜20%のガラスマイクロファイバーを備える、請求項9に記載の自己洗浄ろ過媒体。
- 前記自己洗浄ろ過媒体が、フィルタ要素がISO 19438に従って試験された場合には4ミクロンの粒子について99%超の燃料ろ過効率を有し、フィルタ要素がISO 4548−12に従って試験された場合には4ミクロンの粒子について99%超の油ろ過効率を有する、請求項11に記載の自己洗浄ろ過媒体。
- 前記自己洗浄ろ過媒体の平板がISO 16332に従って試験された際に、前記自己洗浄ろ過媒体が少なくとも99%の燃料―水分離効率を有する、請求項1に記載の自己洗浄ろ過媒体。
- ISO 19438に従って燃料で試験された場合と、媒体試験用ダスト及び70kPaの圧力降下を用いてISO 4548−12に従って油で試験された場合に、前記自己洗浄ろ過媒体が少なくとも90分の寿命を有する、請求項1に記載の自己洗浄ろ過媒体。
- 請求項1に記載の媒体を備える、フィルタ要素。
- 炭化水素流体から粒子をろ過する方法であって、
自己洗浄ろ過媒体の上流側の第一層であって、前記第一層は50〜1000nm(0.05〜1ミクロン)の直径と1gsm超の坪量とを有するポリエーテルスルホンナノファイバーを備える第一層と、前記自己洗浄ろ過媒体の下流の第二層であって、前記第二層は不織布基材を備える第二層とを備える自己洗浄ろ過媒体を有するフィルタ要素に前記炭化水素流体を通過させるステップと、
前記第一層の表面上に十分な粒子が蓄積した際に、前記フィルタ要素の底にケーキが集められるように前記ケーキが前記第一層の表面からはがれ落ちるように、前記炭化水素流体中の粒子をケーキとして前記第一層の表面上に集めるステップと、を備える方法。 - 燃料のろ過用にはISO 19438に従って、油のろ過用にはISO 4548−12に従って前記自己洗浄ろ過媒体が試験された際に、前記自己洗浄ろ過媒体は、4ミクロンの粒子について少なくとも6mg/cm2のダスト保持容量と、90%超の燃料ろ過効率とを有する、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記自己洗浄ろ過媒体の前記第一層は、300〜700nmの直径と1〜5gsmの坪量とを有するナノファイバーによって構成される、請求項16に記載の方法。
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JP2018525225A (ja) | 2018-09-06 |
FI20165589A (fi) | 2017-02-23 |
CN113041716A (zh) | 2021-06-29 |
CN107921344A (zh) | 2018-04-17 |
FI20165589A7 (fi) | 2017-02-23 |
JP6862450B2 (ja) | 2021-04-21 |
DK3337589T3 (da) | 2020-07-20 |
EP3337590A1 (en) | 2018-06-27 |
KR20220036992A (ko) | 2022-03-23 |
CN112387007A (zh) | 2021-02-23 |
US12023610B2 (en) | 2024-07-02 |
KR20180037280A (ko) | 2018-04-11 |
KR102445279B1 (ko) | 2022-09-20 |
KR102374645B1 (ko) | 2022-03-15 |
CN108136302A (zh) | 2018-06-08 |
CN108136302B (zh) | 2020-09-11 |
ES2803243T3 (es) | 2021-01-25 |
KR20180042385A (ko) | 2018-04-25 |
CN107921344B (zh) | 2021-04-13 |
JP6907205B2 (ja) | 2021-07-21 |
WO2017032748A1 (en) | 2017-03-02 |
EP3337589B1 (en) | 2020-05-13 |
EP3777993A1 (en) | 2021-02-17 |
WO2017032505A1 (en) | 2017-03-02 |
EP3337589A1 (en) | 2018-06-27 |
US20180243673A1 (en) | 2018-08-30 |
US20190009194A1 (en) | 2019-01-10 |
US20240316483A1 (en) | 2024-09-26 |
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