JP2018521000A - D2oで安定化された医薬製剤 - Google Patents
D2oで安定化された医薬製剤 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2018521000A JP2018521000A JP2017559857A JP2017559857A JP2018521000A JP 2018521000 A JP2018521000 A JP 2018521000A JP 2017559857 A JP2017559857 A JP 2017559857A JP 2017559857 A JP2017559857 A JP 2017559857A JP 2018521000 A JP2018521000 A JP 2018521000A
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- Prior art keywords
- ophthalmic
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- months
- ophthalmic composition
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- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 title description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 1187
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 208000035475 disorder Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000003732 agents acting on the eye Substances 0.000 claims description 193
- 229940023490 ophthalmic product Drugs 0.000 claims description 177
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims description 167
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 160
- -1 cyclopentrate Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 125
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 66
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- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 claims description 37
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- 235000019408 sucralose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、その全体が引用により本明細書に組み込まれる、2015年5月29日出願の米国仮特許出願第61/168,158の利益を主張するものである。
幾つかの実施形態において、眼用組成物は、最初の使用前に約2℃〜約10℃で保存される。幾つかの実施形態において、眼用組成物は、最初の使用前に約4℃〜約8℃で保存される。
本明細書には、重水の存在下で製剤される医薬組成物が開示される本明細書で使用されるように、重水は、D2O、DHO、重水(heavy water)、及び/又は酸化ジウテリウムを指す。幾つかの例において、医薬組成物は、1以上の眼用薬剤を含む眼用組成物である。場合によっては、眼用組成物は、水溶液、ゲル、又は軟膏として製剤される。
本明細書には、目の障害又は疾病の処置用の眼用組成物が提供され、眼用組成物は重水共に製剤される。幾つかの態様において、眼用組成物は、異なる温度で、異なる相対湿度で、及び眼用薬剤に対して少なくとも80%の効力で安定している。付加的な態様において、眼用組成物の緩衝能力は低い。そのような例において、目に投与された時の眼用組成物の低い緩衝能力は、H2O中で製剤された当量の眼用製剤又は溶液と比較してより迅速な速度で眼用組成物が生理学的なpHに到達するのを可能にする。
本明細書には、特定の実施形態において、水溶液として製剤された眼用組成物が開示される。幾つかの実施形態において、眼用組成物は、眼用薬剤及び重水を含む。本明細書で使用されるように、重水は、D2O、DHO、重水(heavy water)、及び/又は酸化ジウテリウムを指す。
幾つかの実施形態において、組成物は、保存条件下で長期間経過後、少なくとも約88%の効能を有している。幾つかの実施形態において、組成物は、保存条件下で長期間経過後、少なくとも約89%の効能を有している。幾つかの実施形態において、組成物は、保存条件下で長期間経過後、少なくとも90%の効能を有している。幾つかの実施形態において、組成物は、保存条件下で長期間経過後、少なくとも91%の効能を有している。幾つかの実施形態において、組成物は、保存条件下で長期間経過後、少なくとも92%の効能を有している。幾つかの実施形態において、組成物は、保存条件下で長期間経過後、少なくとも93%の効能を有している。幾つかの実施形態において、組成物は、保存条件下で長期間経過後、少なくとも94%の効能を有している。幾つかの実施形態において、組成物は、保存条件下で長期間経過後、少なくとも95%の効能を有している。幾つかの実施形態において、組成物は、保存条件下で長期間経過後、少なくとも96%の効能を有している。幾つかの実施形態において、組成物は、保存条件下で長期間経過後、少なくとも97%の効能を有している。幾つかの実施形態において、組成物は、保存条件下で長期間経過後、少なくとも98%の効能を有している。幾つかの実施形態において、組成物は、保存条件下で長期間経過後、少なくとも99%の効能を有している。
幾つかの実施形態において、本明細書に記載される組成物は、組成物の約0.001重量%〜約20重量%、約0.005重量%〜約10重量%、約0.010重量%〜約5重量%、約0.015重量%〜約1重量%、約0.020重量%〜約0.5重量%、約0.025重量%〜0.1重量%、約0.030重量%〜約0.050重量%、約0.035重量%〜約0.050重量%、約0.040重量%〜約0.050重量%、又は約0.045重量%〜約0.050重量%の、眼用薬剤、又はその薬学的に許容可能なプロドラッグ或いは塩の濃度を有する。幾つかの例において、眼用薬剤のプロドラッグは、眼用組成物の投与後に眼用薬剤へと化学的に変換される。限定しない例において、眼用プロドラッグは、涙の中の1以上の酵素により切断可能な化学結合を有する。幾つかの実施形態において、眼用薬剤は、アフリバーセプト(VEGF Trapとしても知られる)、ラニビズマブ、ペガプタニブ、シクロペントレート、フェニレフリン、ホマトロピン、スコポラミン、シクロペントレート/フェニレフリン、フェニレフリン/スコポラミン、トロピカミド、ケトロラク/フェニレフリン、ヒドロキシアンフェタミン/トロピカミド、システアミン、オクリプラスミン、マイトマイシン、ダピプラゾール、リドカイン、プロパラカイン、テトラカイン、ベノキシネート、アジスロマイシン、バシトラシン、ベシフロキサシン、ホウ酸、クロラムフェニコール、シプロフロキサシン、エリスロマイシン、ガンシクロビル、ガチフロキサシン、ゲンタマイシン、イドクスウリジン、レボフロキサシン、モキシフロキサシン、ナタマイシン、ノルフロキサシン、オフロキサシン、バシトラシン/ポリミキシンb、トブラマイシン、ポリミキシンb/トリメトプリム、ポビドンヨード、トリフリジン、グラミシジン/ネオマイシン/ポリミキシンb、スルファセタミドナトリウム、スルフイソキサゾール、バシトラシン/ネオマイシン/ポリミキシンb、オキシテトラサイクリン/ポリミキシンb、フェニレフリン/スルファセタミドナトリウム、ビダラビン、ブロムフェナク、ネパフェナク、ケトロラク、シクロスポリン、フルルビプロフェン、スプロフェン、ジクロフェナク、アルカフタジン、アゼラスチン、ベポタスチン、クロモリン、エメダスチン、エピナスチン、ケトチフェン、レボカバスチン、ロドキサミド、ネドクロミル、ナファゾリン、ナファゾリン/フェニラミン、ナファゾリン/硫酸亜鉛、オロパタジン、オキシメタゾリン、ペミロラスト、フェニレフリン、フェニレフリン/硫酸亜鉛、テトラヒドロゾリン、テトラヒドロゾリン/硫酸亜鉛、フルオレセイン、フルオレセイン/プロパラカイン、ベノキシネート/フルオレセイン、インドシアニングリーン、トリパンブルー、アセチルコリン、アプラクロニジン、ベタキソロール、ビマトプロスト、ブリモニジン、ブリンゾラミド、ブリモニジン/ブリンゾラミド、カルバコール、カルテオロール、臭化デメカリウム、ジピベフリン、ドルゾラミド、ドルゾラミド/チモロール、ヨウ化エコチオフェート、エピネフリン、エピネフリン/ピロカルピン、ラタノプロスト、レボブノロール、レボベタキソロール、メチプラノロール、フィソスチグミン、ピロカルピン、タフルプロスト、チモロール、トラボプロスト、ウノプロストン、人工涙液、デキサメタゾン、ジフルプレドナート、フルオシノロン、フルオロメトロン、ロテプレドノール、メドリゾン、プレドニゾロン、リメキソロン、トリアムシノロン、フルオロメトロン/スルファセタミドナトリウム、デキサメタゾン/ネオマイシン、デキサメタゾン/トブラマイシン、デキサメタゾン/ネオマイシン/ポリミキシンb、ロテプレドノール/トブラマイシン、プレドニゾロン/スルファセタミドナトリウム、バシトラシン/ヒドロコルチゾン/ネオマイシン/ポリミキシンb、ヒドロコルチゾン/ネオマイシン/ポリミキシンb、クロラムフェニコール/ヒドロコルチゾン/ポリミキシンb、ネオマイシン/ポリミキシンb/プレドニゾロン、ゲンタマイシン/プレドニゾロン、ケトロラク/フェニレフリン、ジフェンヒドラミン、ジメンヒドリナート、ジサイクロミン、フラボキセート、オキシブチニン、チオトロピウム、ヒヨスチン、スコポラミン(L−ヒヨスチン)、ヒドロキシジン、イプラトロピウム、ピレンゼピン(pirenzapine)、ソリフェナシン、ダリフェナシン、ベンザトロピン、メベベリン、プロシクリジン、アクリジニウム臭化物、トリヘキシフェニジル/ベンズヘキソール、又はトルテロジンである。
幾つかの実施形態において、本明細書に記載される組成物は緩衝液を含む。幾つかの実施形態において、緩衝液は、ホウ酸塩、ホウ酸塩−ポリオール複合体、リン酸塩緩衝剤、クエン酸塩緩衝剤、酢酸塩緩衝剤、炭酸塩緩衝剤、有機緩衝剤、アミノ酸緩衝剤、又はそれらの組み合わせから選択される。幾つかの実施形態において、本明細書に記載される組成物は、重水を含む緩衝液を含む。幾つかの実施形態において、重水素化緩衝液は、ホウ酸塩、ホウ酸塩−ポリオール複合体、リン酸塩緩衝剤、クエン酸塩緩衝剤、酢酸塩緩衝剤、炭酸塩緩衝剤、有機緩衝剤、アミノ酸緩衝剤、又はそれらの組み合わせから選択され、重水の中で処方される。
いくつかの実施形態では、本明細書に記載される組成物のpDは、(例えば、緩衝液および/またはpD調整薬の使用によって)約3−約9、約4−約8、約4.5−約7.5、あるいは約5−約7の眼に適合するpD範囲に調節される。いくつかの実施形態では、眼用組成物は、約5.0〜約7.0のpDを有する。いくつかの実施形態では、眼用組成物は、約5.5〜約7.0のpDを有する。いくつかの実施形態では、眼用組成物は、約6.0〜約7.0のpDを有する。
典型的な眼用水溶液は点眼瓶に入れられ、液滴として投与される。例えば、眼用水溶液の単回投与(つまり一回量)は、患者の目への1回、2回、3回、またはそれ以上の液滴を含む。いくつかの実施形態では、本明細書に記載される眼用水溶液の1回投与量は、点眼瓶からの水溶液組成物の1回の液滴である。
いくつかの実施形態では、組成物は、約20°Cかつ1s−1のせん断速度で約10−約50,000cpsのBrookfield RVDV粘度を有する。いくつかの実施形態では、組成物は、約20°Cかつ1s−1のせん断速度で約100−約40,000cpsのBrookfield RVDV粘度を有する。いくつかの実施形態では、組成物は、約20°Cかつ1s−1のせん断速度で約500−約30,000cpsのBrookfield RVDV粘度を有する。いくつかの実施形態では、組成物は、約20°Cかつ1s−1のせん断速度で約1000−約20,000cpsのBrookfield RVDV粘度を有する。いくつかの実施形態では、組成物は、約20°Cかつ1s−1のせん断速度で約2000−約10,000cpsのBrookfield RVDV粘度を有する。いくつかの実施形態では、組成物は、約20°Cかつ1s−1のせん断速度で約4000−約8000cpsのBrookfield RVDV粘度を有する。
いくつかの実施形態では、本明細書で開示される組成物は、目のイオンバランスを破壊しないように処方される。いくつかの実施形態では、本明細書で開示される組成物は、目と同じであるか、あるいは実質的に同じであるイオンバランスを有する。いくつかの実施形態において、本明細書で開示される組成物は、目のイオンバランスを破壊しない。
いくつかの実施形態では、組成物は滅菌される。ヒトで使用される本明細書で開示される医薬組成物の滅菌のための手段とプロセスが、本明細書で開示される実施形態内に含まれている。この目標は、感染症を引き起こす微生物を比較的含まない、安全な医薬製品を提供することである。米国食品医薬品局は、http://www.fda.gov/cder/guidance/5882fnl.htmで入手可能な出版物「Guidance for Industry: Sterile Drug Products Produced by Aseptic Processing」において規制のガイダンスを提供しており、これは全体として参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
濾過滅菌は溶液から微生物を取り除くが破壊しないために使用される方法である。メンブランフィルターは感熱性の溶液をろ過するために使用される。こうしたフィルターは、混合セルロースエステル(MCE)、ポリフッ化ビニリデン(PVF;PVDFとしても知られている)、あるいはポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)の薄く、強力で、均質のポリマーであり、0.1−0.22μmまで範囲の孔径を有する。様々なフィルター膜を使用して様々な特性の溶液が随意にろ過される。例えば、PVFとPTFEの膜は有機溶媒のろ過に非常に適しているが、水溶液はPVFまたはMCEの膜によってろ過される。フィルター装置は、シリンジに取り付けられた単一の使用場所で使い捨て可能なフィルターから、植物の製造で使用される商業用のフィルターに至るまで、多くのスケールでの使用に利用可能である。メンブランフィルターはオートクレーブ滅菌または化学的滅菌によって滅菌される。膜濾過システムの検証は、以下の標準化されたプロトコル(Microbiological Evaluation of Filters for Sterilizing Liquids, Vol 4, No. 3. Washington, D.C: Health Industry Manufacturers Association, 1981)によって行われ、Brevundimonas diminuta(ATCC 19146)などの既知数(約107/cm2)の非常に小さな微生物をメンブランフィルターに負荷することを含む。
放射線滅菌の1つの利点は、熱崩壊あるいは他の損傷のない多くの製品形態を殺菌する能力である。一般に使用される放射線はベータ線であるか、代替的には60Co源からのγ線である。γ線は、その透過性能力のおかげで、溶液、組成物、および不均質な混合物を含む多くの製品タイプの滅菌で使用されている。照射の殺菌効果は生体巨大分子を用いるγ線の相互作用から発生する。この相互作用により荷電種と遊離ラジカルが生成される。転位と架橋結合プロセスなどのその後の化学反応は、こうした生体巨大分子のための正常な機能を喪失させる。本明細書に記載される製剤もベータ照射を使用して随意に滅菌される。
多くの方法が高熱の適用による滅菌に利用可能である。1つの方法は飽和水蒸気オートクレーブ滅菌の使用を介する。この方法では、少なくとも121°Cの温度の飽和水蒸気を、滅菌される対象に接触させる。熱は、滅菌される対象の場合には微生物に直接伝達されるか、あるいは、滅菌される水溶液の大部分を加熱することによりに、微生物に間接的に伝達される。この方法は、滅菌プロセスにおいて柔軟性があり、安全で、経済的であるため、広く実行される。
いくつかの実施形態では、組成物は微生物を実質的に含まない。許容可能なバイオバーデンあるいは無菌レベルは、限定されないが、米国薬局方<1111>章以下を含む、治療上許容可能な組成物を定義する適用可能な基準に基づく。例えば、許容可能な無菌(例えば、バイオバーデン)レベルは、製剤1グラム当たり約10コロニー形成単位(cfu)、製剤1グラム当たり約50cfu、製剤1グラム当たり約100cfu、製剤1グラム当たり約500cfu、あるいは製剤1グラム当たり約1000cfuを含む。いくつかの実施形態では、製剤の許容可能なバイオバーデンレベルあるいは無菌性は、10cfu/mL未満、50cfu/mL未満、500cfu/mL未満、あるいは1000cfu/mL未満の微生物剤を含む。加えて、許容可能なバイオバーデンレベルあるいは無菌性は、指定された好ましくない微生物薬剤の排除を含む。一例として、指定された好ましくない微生物薬剤は、限定されないが、Escherichia coli(E.coli)、Salmonella sp.、Pseudomonas aeruginosa(P.aeruginosa)、および/または、他の特定の微生物剤を含む。
粘液浸透粒子(MPP)は、粘液(例えばヒト粘液)に急速に通る粒子である。幾つかの場合では、MPPは、約200nmから500nmの間の粒径を有するナノ粒子から構成される。幾つかの例では、ナノ粒子はさらに、粘液浸透剤でコーティングされる。幾つかの例では、本明細書に記載される組成物は、粘液浸透のためにMPPで製剤される。幾つかの例では、本明細書に記載される眼用組成物は、粘液浸透のためにMPPで製剤される。幾つかの実施形態では、眼用薬剤は、アフリベルセプト(VEGF Trapとしても知られる)、ラニビズマブ、ペガプタニブ、シクロペントレート、フェニレフリン、ホマトロピン、スコポラミン、シクロペントレート/フェニレフリン、フェニレフリン/スコポラミン、トロピカミド、ケトロラク/フェニレフリン、ハイドロキシアンフェタミン/トロピカミド、システアミン、オクリプラスミン、マイトマイシン、ダピプラゾール、リドカイン、プロパラカイン、テトラカイン、ベノキシネート、アジスロマイシン、バシトラシン、ベシフロキサシン、ホウ酸、クロラムフェニコール、シプロフロキサシン、エリスロマイシン、ガンシクロビル、ガチフロキサシン、ゲンタマイシン、イドクスウリジン、レボフロキサシン、モキシフロキサシン、ナタマイシン、ノルフロキサシン、オフロキサシン、バシトラシン/ポリミキシンb、トブラマイシン、ポリミキシンb/トリメトプリム、ポビドンヨード、トリフルリジン、グラミシジン/ネオマイシン/ポリミキシンb、スルファセタミドナトリウム、スルフイソキサゾール、バシトラシン/ネオマイシン/ポリミキシンb、オキシテトラサイクリン/ポリミキシンb、フェニレフリン/スルファセタミドナトリウム、ビダラビン、ブロムフェナク、ネパフェナク、ケトロラク、シクロスポリン、フルルビプロフェン、スプロフェン、ジクロフェナク、アルカフタジン、アゼラスチン、ベポタスチン、クロモリン、エメダスチン、エピナスチン、ケトチフェン、レボカバスチン、ロドキサミド、ネドクロミル、ナファゾリン、ナファゾリン/フェニラミン、ナファゾリン/硫酸亜鉛、オロパタジン、オキシメタゾリン、ペミロラスト、フェニレフリン、フェニレフリン/硫酸亜鉛、テトラヒドロゾリン、テトラヒドロゾリン/硫酸亜鉛、フルオレセイン、フルオレセイン/プロパラカイン、ベノキシネート/フルオレセイン、インドシアニングリーン、トリパンブルー、アセチルコリン、アプラクロニジン、ベタキソロール、ビマトプロスト、ブリモニジン、ブリンゾラミド、ブリモニジン/ブリンゾラミド、カルバコール、カルテオロール、臭化デメカリウム、ジピベフリン、ドルゾラミド、ドルゾラミド/チモロール、ヨウ化エコチオフェート、エピネフリン、エピネフリン/ピロカルピン、ラタノプロスト、レボブノロール、レボベタキソロール、メチプラノロール、フィソスチグミン、ピロカルピン、タフルプロスト、チモロール、トラボプロスト、ウノプロストン、人工涙液、デキサメサゾン、ジフルプレドナート、フルオシノロン、フルオロメトロン、ロテプレドノール、メドリゾン、プレドニゾロン、リメキソロン、トリアムシノロン、フルオロメトロン/スルファセタミドナトリウム、デキサメサゾン/ネオマイシン、デキサメサゾン/トブラマイシン、デキサメサゾン/ネオマイシン/ポリミキシンb、ロテプレドノール/トブラマイシン、プレドニゾロン/スルファセタミドナトリウム、バシトラシン/ヒドロコルチゾン/ネオマイシン/ポリミキシンb、ヒドロコルチゾン/ネオマイシン/ポリミキシンb、クロラムフェニコール/ヒドロコルチゾン/ポリミキシンb、ネオマイシン/ポリミキシンb/プレドニゾロン、ゲンタマイシン/プレドニゾロン、ケトロラク/フェニレフリン、ジフェンヒドラミン、ジメンヒドリナート、ジサイクロミン、フラボキセート、オキシブチニン、チオトロピウム、ヒヨスチン、スコポラミン(L−ヒヨスチン)、ヒドロキシジン、イプラトロピウム、ピレンゼピン、ソリフェナシン、ダリフェナシン、ベンザトロピン、メベベリン、プロシクリジン、アクリジニウム臭化物、トリヘキシフェニジル/ベンズヘキソール、トルテロジン、またはそれらの任意の組み合わせを含む。限定しない例では、開示された組成物中で使用されるMMPは、Kala Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (100 Beaver Street #201, Waltham, MA 02453)から得られる。
ゲルは、様々な方法で定義されてきた。例えば、米国薬局方は、ゲルを、液体が浸み込んだ小さな無機分子または大きな有機分子のいずれかで構成されている懸濁液から成る半固体系として定義している。ゲルは、単相系または二相系を含む。単相ゲルは、分散した巨大分子と液体との間に明らかな境界が存在しないような方法で、液体全体に均一に分布された有機巨大分子から成る。幾つかの単相ゲルは、合成巨大分子(例えば、カルボマー)または天然ゴム(例えば、トラガント)から調製される。幾つかの実施形態では、単相ゲルは、一般的に水性であるが、アルコールおよび油を用いても作られる。二相ゲルは、小さな別々の粒子のネットワークから成る。
標的とされた眼の部位と適合性がある他の粘度増強剤は、限定されないが、アカシア(アラビアゴム)、寒天、ケイ酸マグネシウムアルミニウム、アルギン酸ナトリウム、ステアリン酸ナトリウム、ブラダーラック(bladderwrack)、ベントナイト、カルボマー、カラギーナン、Carbopol、キサンタン、セルロース、微結晶性セルロース(MCC)、セラトニア、キチン、カルボキシメチル化キトサン、ツノマタ、デキストロース、ファーセレラン、ゼラチン、ガティガム(Ghatti gum)、グアーガム、ヘクトライト、ラクトース、スクロース、マルトデキストリン、マンニトール、ソルビトール、ハチミツ、トウモロコシデンプン、小麦デンプン、米デンプン、ジャガイモデンプン、ゼラチン、アラヤゴム、キサンタンガム 、トラガカントゴム、エチルセルロース、エチルヒドロキシエチルセルロース、エチルメチルセルロース、メチルセルロース、ヒドロキシエチルセルロース、ヒドロキシエチルメチルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、ポリ(メタクリル酸ヒドロキシエチル)、オキシポリゼラチン、ペクチン、ポリゲリン、ポビドン、炭酸プロピレン、メチルビニルエーテル/無水マレイン酸コポリマー(PVM/MA)、ポリ(メタクリル酸メトキシエチル)、ポリ(メタクリル酸メトキシエトキシエチル)、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルメチル−セルロース(HPMC)、ナトリウムカルボキシメチル−セルロース(CMC)、二酸化ケイ素、ポリビニルピロリドン(PVP:ポビドン)、Splenda(登録商標)(デキストロース、マルトデキストリンおよびスクラロース)、またはそれらの組み合わせを含む。具体的な実施形態では、増粘賦形剤は、MCCとCMCの組み合わせである。別の実施形態では、粘度増強剤は、カルボキシメチル化したキトサン、またはキチン、およびアルギン酸塩の組み合わせである。本明細書に開示される眼用薬剤とのキチンおよびアルギン酸塩の組み合わせは、制御放出製剤として作用し、製剤からの眼用薬剤の拡散を制限する。さらに、カルボキシメチル化したキトサンおよびアルギン酸塩の組み合わせは、随意に、眼において眼用薬剤の浸透性を増大させるのを助けるために使用される。
軟膏は、皮膚または粘膜への外用を意図した、均質な、粘性の、半固体調製物、最も一般には、高粘度を有する、脂ぎった、濃い油(例えば、油80%−水20%)である。軟膏は、含有する水の最大量を定義する水数を有している。それらは、皮膚軟化薬として、あるいは保護、治療、または予防の目的で及びある程度の閉塞が望まれる場合での皮膚への有効成分の適用のために使用される。軟膏は、様々な体表面上で局所に使用される。体表面は、眼(眼軟膏)、陰門、肛門、および鼻の皮膚および粘膜を含む。
幾つかの実施形態では、組成物は、約20℃および1s−1のせん断速度で、約10000から約300,000cpsのBrookfield RVDV粘度を有する。幾つかの実施形態では、組成物は、約20℃および1s−1のせん断速度で、約15000から約200,000cpsのBrookfield RVDV粘度を有する。幾つかの実施形態では、組成物は、約20℃および1s−1のせん断速度で、約50000から約150,000cpsのBrookfield RVDV粘度を有する。幾つかの実施形態では、組成物は、約20℃および1s−1のせん断速度で、約70000から約130,000cpsのBrookfield RVDV粘度を有する。幾つかの実施形態では、組成物は、約20℃および1s−1のせん断速度で、約90000から約110,000cpsのBrookfield RVDV粘度を有する。
典型的な眼用ゲルは、点眼瓶にパッケージ化され、滴剤として投与される。例えば、眼用ゲルの単回投与(つまり単回投与量)は、患者の眼への1滴、2滴、3滴、またはそれ以上の投与を含む。さらに、典型的な眼軟膏は、軟膏のストリップが送達される分注ノズルを備えたチューブまたは他のスクイーズ容器においてパッケージ化される。例えば、眼軟膏の単回投与(つまり単回投与量)は、患者の眼への1ストリップ、または複数回ストリップの投与を含む。幾つかの実施形態では、本明細書に記載される眼用ゲルの1回の投与量は、点眼瓶からのゲル組成物の1滴である。幾つかの実施形態では、眼軟膏の1回の投与量は、分散チューブのノズルを通って分注された軟膏組成物の1ストリップである。
本明細書には、上に記載される有効な量の眼用組成物をそれを必要としている個体の眼に投与することによって、1つ以上の眼の疾病または疾患を処置する方法が開示される。また本明細書には、上に記載される有効な量の眼用組成物をそれらを必要としている個体の眼に投与することによって、1つ以上の眼の疾病または疾患を改善する又は減少させる方法が開示される。
本開示はまた、本明細書に記載される1つ以上の眼の疾病または疾患を処置することのためのキットを提供する。そのようなキットは、一般に、本明細書に開示される眼用組成物の1つ以上、およびキットを使用するための説明書を含む。本開示はまた、本明細書に記載される眼の疾病または疾患の1つ以上の症状を軽減する、減少させる、または改善するための薬剤の製造における、眼用組成物の1つ以上の使用を熟考する。
他に定義されない限り、本明細書で使用されるすべての技術用語および科学用語は、請求される主題が属する技術分野における当業者によって一般に理解されるものと同じ意味を有する。前述の一般的な説明及び次の詳細な説明が、単に典型的且つ例示的なものであり、請求される主題を限定するものでないことを理解されたい。本出願では、単数形の使用は、特に他に明記されない限り、複数形を包含している。本明細書および添付の請求項で使用されるように、単数形「a」、「an」、および「the」は、その内容が特に他に明確に指示していない限り、複数の指示対象を包含することが留意されなければならない。本出願では、「または」の使用は、特に他に明記されない限り、「及び/又は」を意味する。さらに、用語「含むこと(including)」の使用は、「含む(include)」、「含む(includes)」、および「含まれる(included)などの他の形態と同じく、限定されない。
眼用製剤の調製のための典型的な組成物が、表1−5に記載される。
<ストック1%溶液>
100mLの溶液中に、1グラムの眼用薬剤および0.77gのNaCl(および好ましくはそれらの乾燥状態での他の成分/構成要素)を、注入用の等しい100mLの滅菌した重水に対して十分な量とともに加える。固体粉末がすべて溶解し、溶液は透明になって粒子が目に見えなくなるまで、その溶液を、ホットプレート上で攪拌子を用いて適切に大きさが合わせられたビーカー中で混合する。次に、撹拌子を取り外し、溶液を、フィルター瓶へと注ぎ、0.22ミクロンのポリエーテルスルホン(pothyethersulfone)膜のフィルターに通して滅菌した瓶へと真空濾過する。フィルター上部を、滅菌したストックボトルから取り外し、ストックボトルを滅菌したボトルキャップで保存のために蓋をする。
1%の溶液0.3mLを、合計30mLの滅菌した0.9%の注入USPのための塩化ナトリウム(Sodium Chloride For Injection USP)を達成するのに十分な量で組み合わせる。溶液を十分に混合する。溶液のpDを記録する。0.22ミクロンのフィルターをシリンジの先端上に置き、溶液を別の滅菌容器へと等分する。
5つの0.01%の点眼液を、1%の眼用保存溶液から調製する(実施例2に記載されるような調製物)。5つの溶液のpDは、溶液1−5に対して、それぞれ、4.5、5、5.5、6、および6.5である。各溶液を十分に混合する。0.22ミクロンのフィルターをシリンジの先端上に置き、溶液を表6に従って別の滅菌容器へと等分する。
投与量間の均一性を評価するために、眼用水性組成物を含有している滴瓶を、試験の開始前に予め決められた期間の間(例えば12時間)直立させて保存する。生成物の推奨された投薬をシミュレートするために、10滴の水性組成物を、予め決められた時間間隔(例えば、連続的に、1分ごと、10分ごと、毎時間または24時間ごと)で各瓶から分注する。すべての滴剤を、風袋ガラスバイアルへと分注し、蓋をして、分析するまで室温で保存する。表わされた滴剤中の眼用薬剤の濃度は、逆相HPLC法を使用して判定される。
投与量間の均一性を評価するために、眼用水性組成物を含有している滴瓶を、試験の開始前に予め決められた期間の間(例えば12時間)直立させて保存する。生成物の推奨された投薬をシミュレートするために、5滴の水性組成物を、予め決められた時間間隔(例えば、連続的に、1分ごと、10分ごと、毎時間または24時間ごと)で各瓶から分注する。すべての滴剤を、風袋ガラスバイアルへと分注し、蓋をして、分析するまで室温で保存する。表わされた滴剤中の眼用薬剤の濃度は、逆相HPLC法を使用して判定される。
投与量間の均一性を評価するために、眼用水性組成物を含有している滴瓶を、試験の開始前に予め決められた期間の間(例えば12時間)直立させて保存する。生成物の推奨された投薬をシミュレートするために、2滴の水性組成物を、予め決められた時間間隔(例えば、連続的に、1分ごと、10分ごと、毎時間または24時間ごと)で各瓶から分注する。すべての滴剤を、風袋ガラスバイアルへと分注し、蓋をして、分析するまで室温で保存する。表わされた滴剤中の眼用薬剤の濃度は、逆相HPLC法を使用して判定される。
モルモットのコホートに、本明細書に記載される異なるpD値を有する50μLの眼用製剤を投与する。例えば、H2Oまたは重水(例えばD2O)を含む眼用製剤を、動物に投与する。眼用製剤の許容性を評価するために、動物行動を予め決められた時間間隔で記録する。
本明細書に開示される典型的な組成物を、ウサギ眼刺激試験にさらし、それらの安全性プロフィールを評価する。試験組成物を、New Zealand Rabbitsにおいて眼刺激試験に関して試験する(例えば、Abraham M H, et al., Draize rabbit eye test compatibility with eye irritation thresholds in humans: a quantitative structure−activity relationship analysis. Toxicol Sci. 2003 December; 76(2):384−91. Epub 2003 Sep. 26を参照;またGettings S D et al., A comparison of low volume, Draize and in vitro eye irritation test data. III. Surfactant−based formulations. Food Chem Toxicol. 1998 March; 36(3):209−31を参照)。試験は、3匹のウサギそれぞれの右眼への単回の投与および左眼への同じ量のそのプラセボの投与を含む。ウサギをすぐに検査し、もしあれば眼刺激の徴候/症状を留意するために組成物の滴下後4、24、48および72時間検査する。試験組成物は、ウサギの眼の角膜、虹彩および結膜において刺激の徴候を示さない。
患者における本明細書に記載される眼用水性製剤の効能および安全性を調査するために、臨床試験を実行する。幾つかの場合では、試験は、非盲検、単盲検、または二重盲検の試験である。患者の選択基準は、対象の眼疾患、および年齢、性別、及び/又は健康状態などの追加の因子を含む。
眼用薬剤を、加熱および超音波処理下で分散剤(例えばポリエチレングリコール)と混合し、この混合物をさらに、溶融軟膏基剤(例えば羊毛蝋、白色ワセリン、および流動パラフィンの混合物)と十分に混合する。混合物を、圧力容器に入れ、30−45分間125で℃を滅菌し、室温に冷却する。別の実施形態では、オートクレーブ滅菌を窒素下で行う。結果として生じる眼軟膏を、予め滅菌された容器(例えばチューブ)へと無菌的に充填する。
Claims (30)
- 眼用組成物であって、約4〜約8のpDで眼用薬剤と重水を含み、ここで、眼用薬剤はムスカリン性アンタゴニストではなく、眼用薬剤は一重項酸素の生存期間を延ばさない、眼用組成物。
- 眼用薬剤は、アフリバーセプト、ラニビズマブ、ペガプタニブ、シクロペントレート、フェニレフリン、ホマトロピン、スコポラミン、シクロペントレート/フェニレフリン、フェニレフリン/スコポラミン、トロピカミド、ケトロラク/フェニレフリン、ヒドロキシアンフェタミン/トロピカミド、システアミン、オクリプラスミン、マイトマイシン、ダピプラゾール、リドカイン、プロパラカイン、テトラカイン、ベノキシネート、アジスロマイシン、バシトラシン、ベシフロキサシン、ホウ酸、クロラムフェニコール、シプロフロキサシン、エリスロマイシン、ガンシクロビル、ガチフロキサシン、ゲンタマイシン、イドクスウリジン、レボフロキサシン、モキシフロキサシン、ナタマイシン、ノルフロキサシン、オフロキサシン、バシトラシン/ポリミキシンb、トブラマイシン、ポリミキシンb/トリメトプリム、ポビドンヨード、トリフリジン、グラミシジン/ネオマイシン/ポリミキシンb、スルファセタミドナトリウム、スルフイソキサゾール、バシトラシン/ネオマイシン/ポリミキシンb、オキシテトラサイクリン/ポリミキシンb、フェニレフリン/スルファセタミドナトリウム、ビダラビン、ブロムフェナク、ネパフェナク、ケトロラク、シクロスポリン、フルルビプロフェン、スプロフェン、ジクロフェナク、アルカフタジン、アゼラスチン、ベポタスチン、クロモリン、エメダスチン、エピナスチン、ケトチフェン、レボカバスチン、ロドキサミド、ネドクロミル、ナファゾリン、ナファゾリン/フェニラミン、ナファゾリン/硫酸亜鉛、オロパタジン、オキシメタゾリン、ペミロラスト、フェニレフリン、フェニレフリン/硫酸亜鉛、テトラヒドロゾリン、テトラヒドロゾリン/硫酸亜鉛、フルオレセイン、フルオレセイン/プロパラカイン、ベノキシネート/フルオレセイン、インドシアニングリーン、トリパンブルー、アセチルコリン、アプラクロニジン、ベタキソロール、ビマトプロスト、ブリモニジン、ブリンゾラミド、ブリモニジン/ブリンゾラミド、カルバコール、カルテオロール、臭化デメカリウム、ジピベフリン、ドルゾラミド、ドルゾラミド/チモロール、ヨウ化エコチオフェート、エピネフリン、エピネフリン/ピロカルピン、ラタノプロスト、レボブノロール、レボベタキソロール、メチプラノロール、フィソスチグミン、ピロカルピン、タフルプロスト、チモロール、トラボプロスト、ウノプロストン、人工涙液、デキサメタゾン、ジフルプレドナート、フルオシノロン、フルオロメトロン、ロテプレドノール、メドリゾン、プレドニゾロン、リメキソロン、トリアムシノロン、フルオロメトロン/スルファセタミドナトリウム、デキサメタゾン/ネオマイシン、デキサメタゾン/トブラマイシン、デキサメタゾン/ネオマイシン/ポリミキシンb、ロテプレドノール/トブラマイシン、プレドニゾロン/スルファセタミドナトリウム、バシトラシン/ヒドロコルチゾン/ネオマイシン/ポリミキシンb、ヒドロコルチゾン/ネオマイシン/ポリミキシンb、クロラムフェニコール/ヒドロコルチゾン/ポリミキシンb、ネオマイシン/ポリミキシンb/プレドニゾロン、ゲンタマイシン/プレドニゾロン、ケトロラク/フェニレフリン、ジフェンヒドラミン、ジメンヒドリナート、ジサイクロミン、フラボキセート、オキシブチニン、チオトロピウム、ヒヨスチン、スコポラミン(L−ヒヨスチン)、ヒドロキシジン、イプラトロピウム、ピレンゼピン、ソリフェナシン、ダリフェナシン、ベンザトロピン、メベベリン、プロシクリジン、アクリジニウム臭化物、トリヘキシフェニジル/ベンズヘキソール、トルテロジン、又はそれらの任意の組み合わせを含む、ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の眼用組成物。
- 眼用組成物は、保存条件下で長期間経過後の初期濃度に基づき、眼用薬剤の約80%、約85%、約90%、約95%、約97%、約98%、又は約99%の、少なくとも1つを含む、ことを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の眼用組成物。
- 眼用組成物は、保存条件下で長期間経過後、約8未満、約7.5未満、約7未満、約6.5未満、約6未満、約5.5未満、約5未満、約4.5未満、又は約4未満の1つのpDを有する、ことを特徴とする請求項1乃至3の何れか1つに記載の眼用組成物。
- 眼用組成物は更に、保存条件下で長期間経過後、少なくとも80%、少なくとも85%、少なくとも90%、少なくとも93%、少なくとも95%、少なくとも97%、少なくとも98%、少なくとも99%の1つの効力を有する、ことを特徴とする請求項1乃至4の何れか1つに記載の眼用組成物。
- 長期間は、約1週間、約2週間、約3週間、約1か月、約2か月、約3か月、約4か月、約5か月、約6か月、約8か月、約10か月、約12か月、約18か月、約24か月、約36か月、約4年、又は約5年の1つである、ことを特徴とする請求項1乃至5の何れか1つに記載の眼用組成物。
- 保存条件は、約16℃〜約30℃、又は約20℃〜約25℃の保存温度を有している、ことを特徴とする請求項1乃至6の何れか1つに記載の眼用組成物。
- 眼用薬剤は、約0.001wt%から約20wt%の濃度で製剤中に存在する、ことを特徴とする請求項1乃至7の何れか1つに記載の眼用組成物。
- 眼用組成物は更に、モル浸透圧濃度調整剤、防腐剤、緩衝剤、等張化剤、pD調整剤、又はそれらの組み合わせを含む、ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の眼用組成物。
- モル浸透圧濃度調整剤は塩化ナトリウムである、ことを特徴とする請求項9に記載の眼用組成物。
- 防腐剤は、塩化ベンザルコニウム、セトリモニウム、過ホウ酸ナトリウム、安定化されたオキシクロロ複合体、SofZia、ポリクォータニウム−1、クロロブタノール、エデト酸二ナトリウム、ポリヘキサメチレンビグアニド、又はそれらの組み合わせから選択される、ことを特徴とする請求項9に記載の眼用組成物。
- 緩衝剤は、ホウ酸塩、ホウ酸塩−ポリオール複合体、リン酸塩緩衝剤、クエン酸塩緩衝剤、酢酸塩緩衝剤、炭酸塩緩衝剤、有機緩衝剤、アミノ酸緩衝剤、又はそれらの組み合わせから選択される、ことを特徴とする請求項9に記載の眼用組成物。
- 等張化剤は、塩化ナトリウム、硝酸ナトリウム、硫酸ナトリウム、硫酸水素ナトリウム、塩化カリウム、塩化カルシウム、塩化マグネシウム、塩化亜鉛、酢酸カリウム、酢酸ナトリウム、重炭酸ナトリウム、炭酸ナトリウム、チオ硫酸ナトリウム、硫酸マグネシウム、リン酸水素二ナトリウム、リン酸二水素ナトリウム、リン酸二水素カリウム、デキストロース、マンニトール、ソルビトール、デキストロース、スクロース、尿素、プロピレングリコール、グリセリン、又はそれらの組み合わせから選択される、ことを特徴とする請求項9に記載の眼用組成物。
- 眼用組成物は、50%未満、40%未満、30%未満、20%未満、10%未満、又は5%未満の1つの投与量間の眼用薬剤の濃度変動を有する、ことを特徴とする請求項1乃至13の何れか1つに記載の眼用組成物。
- 眼用組成物は、約4〜8、約4.5〜約7.5、約5〜約7.0、又は約6〜約7.0の1つのpDを有する、ことを特徴とする請求項1乃至14の何れか1つに記載の眼用組成物。
- 薬学的に許容可能な担体を更に含む、請求項1乃至15の何れか1つに記載の眼用組成物。
- 薬学的に許容可能な担体は、少なくとも1つの粘度増強剤を含む、ことを特徴とする請求項16に記載の眼用組成物。
- 粘度増強剤は、セルロースベースのポリマー、ポリオキシエチレン−ポリオキシプロピレンのトリブロックコポリマー、デキストランベースのポリマー、ポリビニルアルコール、デキストリン、ポリビニルピロリドン、ポリアルキレングリコール、キトサン、コラーゲン、ゼラチン、ヒアルロン酸、又はそれらの組み合わせから選択される、ことを特徴とする請求項17に記載の眼用組成物。
- 眼用組成物は、10%未満のH2O、8%未満のH2O、6%未満のH2O、5%未満のH2O、4%未満のH2O、3%未満のH2O、2%未満のH2O、1%未満のH2O、0.5%未満のH2O、0.1%未満のH2O、又は0%のH2Oの1つを含む、ことを特徴とする請求項1乃至18の何れか1つに記載の眼用組成物。
- 眼用薬剤はアトロピンでも硫酸アトロピンでもない、ことを特徴とする請求項1乃至19の何れか1つに記載の眼用組成物。
- 眼用薬剤は、アルファ−アミノ−カルボン酸又はアルファ−ヒドロキシ−カルボン酸ではない、ことを特徴とする請求項1乃至20の何れか1つに記載の眼用組成物。
- 眼用薬剤は塩酸ベナクチジンではない、ことを特徴とする請求項1乃至21の何れか1つに記載の眼用組成物。
- 眼用薬剤は、組成物中の光生成一重項酸素種をクエンチする、ことを特徴とする請求項1乃至22の何れか1つに記載の眼用組成物。
- 眼用組成物は酸素で飽和されない、ことを特徴とする請求項1乃至23の何れか1つに記載の眼用組成物。
- 眼用組成物は光増感剤を含まない、ことを特徴とする請求項1乃至24の何れか1つに記載の眼用組成物。
- 眼用薬剤は、眼用組成物中で溶解され、又は眼用組成物中で懸濁される、ことを特徴とする請求項1乃至25の何れか1つに記載の眼用組成物。
- 眼の疾病又は疾患を処置する方法であって、個体の目に、請求項1乃至26の何れか1つに記載の有効な量の眼用組成物を投与する工程を含む、方法。
- 眼の疾病又は疾患を改善又は減少する方法であって、個体の目に、請求項1乃至26の何れか1つに記載の有効な量の眼用組成物を投与する工程を含む、方法。
- 眼用組成物は、最初の使用前に室温より下で保存され、又は最初の使用前に約2℃〜約10℃で保存される、ことを特徴とする請求項27又は28に記載の方法。
- 眼用組成物は、最初の使用後に室温より下で保存され、最初の使用後に約2℃〜約10℃で保存され、又は最初の使用後に約16℃〜約26℃で保存される、ことを特徴とする請求項27又は28に記載の方法。
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2016
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- 2016-05-27 CN CN202410210163.6A patent/CN118453493A/zh active Pending
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2023518853A (ja) * | 2020-03-25 | 2023-05-08 | アウフバウ・メディカル・イノベイションズ・リミテッド | 緑内障のためのプロセスおよび薬剤 |
WO2025004579A1 (ja) * | 2023-06-30 | 2025-01-02 | 株式会社ニデック | 眼科用組成物 |
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US20180147214A1 (en) | 2018-05-31 |
HK1248570A1 (zh) | 2018-10-19 |
US20210283142A1 (en) | 2021-09-16 |
US20200197410A1 (en) | 2020-06-25 |
US11052094B2 (en) | 2021-07-06 |
EP3302426A1 (en) | 2018-04-11 |
CN118453493A (zh) | 2024-08-09 |
CN107847432A (zh) | 2018-03-27 |
US12070466B2 (en) | 2024-08-27 |
US20210393649A1 (en) | 2021-12-23 |
EP3302426A4 (en) | 2018-12-05 |
US12168017B2 (en) | 2024-12-17 |
US11052095B2 (en) | 2021-07-06 |
WO2016196367A1 (en) | 2016-12-08 |
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