JP2018136010A - Initial operation braking device and driving device using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device having braking force for initial operation of movement or rotation, and capable of mitigating the braking force in following operations, and a driving device using the above device.SOLUTION: An initial operation braking device includes: a first chamber and a second chamber contacting with each other through a fixed partition wall having holes through which medium passes, and having sealability; a rotational shaft body having a blade rotating in the first chamber; and the medium for imparting braking force (reaction force) to the rotational shaft body through the blade. The second chamber includes a piston having a movable plate positioned on a side opposite to the partition wall, and a restorable body pressing the piston or movable body.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a device that has a braking force at the beginning of an operation such as movement or rotation, and that reduces the braking force in the subsequent operation.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as brakes for movement, rotation, and the like, there are known brakes that intentionally apply a friction force and those that apply a friction force by being pressed by a spring.
Brake is used in automobiles and other moving objects. FIG. 5 is a view showing an example of a conventional braking means, showing an example of a spring. 5-A shows the relationship between the elongation of the coil spring and the gas spring and the braking force (stress).
A braking force is obtained according to the elongation. 5-B shows the structure of the gas spring. A movable piston with air holes separates two sealed chambers. Since the piston receives the drag force of air by pushing and pulling the piston, the movement is braked. 5-A shows this characteristic. 5-C shows the relationship of the braking force (stress) when the piston is compressed, stopped and stretched by pushing and pulling the gas spring. Neither the brake nor the spring itself is a device that provides a braking force in the early stage of movement or rotation.
However, there is a need for a device that applies a braking force at the beginning of an operation such as movement or rotation, and that reduces the braking force in the subsequent operation. For example, it is preferable that the handcart for assisting walking is in a state in which it is difficult to move when the user puts a hand. If it moves easily, there is a risk of the user falling. Initially, it is preferable that braking starts and the movement starts hard, and after a slight movement, the braking is relaxed to achieve a desired movement. Such an example can be found in many applications. For example, a wheel of a chair, a wheel of a baby carriage, a cart, and an opening / closing door.
Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 show what applies braking when a desired moving speed is exceeded. These drawbacks are dangerous if braking is applied after the desired moving speed is reached, resulting in sudden braking. Furthermore, there is a drawback that the normal speed is also suppressed.

JP2016-70342A JP2008-297847

An object of the present invention is to provide a device that has a braking force in the initial stage of an operation such as movement or rotation, and in which the braking force is relieved in the subsequent operation, and a drive device using the device.

A start-up braking device according to the present invention includes a first chamber and a second chamber that are in contact with each other via a fixed partition wall having a hole for a medium to pass therethrough, and a rotation having blades that rotate in the first chamber. A piston and a piston or a moving medium that is present in the shaft body and the first chamber and that provides a braking force (reaction force) to the blades, and thus the rotating shaft body, and a moving plate on the side opposite to the partition wall. A restoring body that pushes the plate is provided.
Hereinafter, it describes along a claim.

The invention according to claim 1 is a start-time braking device,
A first chamber and a second chamber that are in contact with each other via a fixed partition wall with a hole, a rotary shaft having blades that rotate in the first chamber, The medium for applying a braking force (reaction force) to the rotating shaft body, the second chamber includes a piston having a moving plate on the side facing the partition wall, and a restoring body for pressing the piston or the moving plate. When the rotation of the rotating shaft is started, the blade is braked by the medium, and the rotation causes the medium to move from the first chamber to the second chamber through the hole of the partition wall. When the medium in the room decreases, the braking force is relaxed, and when the force by which the moving plate pushes the medium in the second chamber and the force by which the blade pushes the medium are antagonized by the restoring body, The medium stops moving through the hole in the partition, and in that state When the rotation of the rotating shaft body stops when the low braking force state is reached, the blades have no force to push the medium, so that the moving plate pushes the medium in the second chamber by the restoring body, and the medium Moves the hole from the second chamber to the first chamber, the medium in the first chamber increases, and the braking force at the start can be recovered.

The invention according to claim 2 is the braking device at start-up according to claim 1,
The restoring body is provided with a restoring force varying means so that the restoring force of the restoring body can be varied.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the starting braking device according to the first or second aspect,
The interior surface of the container wall of the first chamber is provided with a medium guiding means in the form of a groove or a fence connected to the hole of the partition wall for guiding the medium.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the start-up braking device according to any one of the first to third aspects, the rotating shaft body or a rotating portion connected to the rotating shaft body is brought into contact with a desired braking device. Rotational braking means for applying a braking force is provided.

The invention according to claim 5 is a wheel drive device,
5. A start-up braking device according to claim 1, wherein the rotating shaft body of the start-up braking device is connected to a rotating shaft of the wheel, and the start-up braking device is provided. A non-rotating portion such as a casing of a braking device is fixed to the casing of the wheel, and is characterized in that it is configured.

The invention according to claim 6 is a translational drive device,
A starter braking device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the rotating shaft body of the starting brake device is connected to the rotating shaft of the pinion. In addition, a non-rotating part such as a casing of the braking device at the time of starting is fixed to a non-rotating part such as a casing having the pinion and / or the rack.

Since it is configured as described above, the start-time braking device and the drive device using the same according to the present invention have a braking force at the initial stage of operations such as movement and rotation, and the braking force is reduced in the subsequent operations. The device becomes possible.

It is a figure which shows one embodiment of the braking device at the time of start concerning this invention. It is a figure which shows another one embodiment of the braking device at the time of start concerning this invention. It is a figure which shows another one embodiment of the braking device at the time of start concerning this invention. It is a figure which shows one embodiment of the drive device using the braking device at the time of start concerning this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the conventional braking means.

In the start-up braking device according to the present invention, the first chamber and the second chamber that are in contact with each other through a fixed partition wall having a hole for the medium to pass through, and the rotation having blades that rotate in the first chamber. A piston and a piston or a moving medium that is present in the shaft body and the first chamber and that provides a braking force (reaction force) to the blades, and thus the rotating shaft body, and a moving plate on the side opposite to the partition wall. It is equipped with a restoring body that presses the plate, and the blade is braked by the medium by the start of rotation of the rotating shaft body, and as the medium moves from the first chamber to the second chamber through the hole of the partition wall by the rotation, When the medium in the first chamber decreases, the braking force is relaxed, and when the force that the moving plate pushes the medium in the second chamber and the force that the blade pushes the medium counteracts by the restoring body, the medium breaks through the hole in the partition wall. Stops moving, and reaches the lowest braking state in that state. When stopped, the blades have no force to press the medium, so the moving plate pushes the medium in the second chamber by the restoring body, the medium moves from the second chamber to the first chamber, and again, the medium in the first chamber The braking force at the time of starting is restored. This will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a start-time braking device according to the present invention.
In 1-A, the braking device 100 at the time of start-up includes a first chamber 130 and a second chamber 140 that are in contact with each other via a fixed partition 120 having a hole 110, and a blade 151 that rotates in the first chamber 130. The rotary shaft 150 having the first chamber 130 and the vane 151, and thus the medium 160 for applying a braking force (reaction force) to the rotary shaft 150, and the second chamber 140 are arranged on the side facing the partition wall 120. A piston 170 provided with a certain moving plate 171 and a restoring body 172 that pushes the piston 170 or the moving plate 171 are provided, and the blade 151 is braked by the medium 160 when the rotation shaft body 150 starts to rotate. Is moved from the first chamber 130 to the second chamber 140 through the hole 110 of the partition wall 120, the medium 160 in the first chamber 130 is reduced, the braking force is relaxed, and the restoring body 17 is reduced. When the force that the moving plate 171 pushes the medium 160 in the second chamber 140 and the force that the blade 151 pushes the medium 160 compete with each other, the medium 160 stops moving through the hole 110 of the partition wall 120, and the state To reach the lowest braking condition.
On the other hand, when the rotation of the rotating shaft 150 stops, the blade 151 does not have the force to push the medium 160, so that the moving plate 171 pushes the medium 160 in the second chamber 140 by the restoring body 172, and the medium 160 is in the second chamber 140. The hole 110 is moved from the first chamber 130 to the first chamber 130. Again, the medium 160 in the first chamber 130 increases, and the braking force at the time of starting recovers.
Naturally, the first chamber 130 and the second chamber 140 have a sealing property that prevents the medium 160 from leaking to others.

Note that the total volume of the first chamber 130 and the second chamber 140 is determined by the position of the moving plate 171.
In the rotation stop state, the moving plate 171 has the return volume on the minimum side, the air pressure is high, and the medium 160 is large in the first chamber 130, so the rotational braking force exerted on the blades 151 is large.
In the rotation operation state, the medium 160 moves to the second chamber 140 through the hole 110, the moving plate 171 is pushed, and the volume moves to the maximum side. Since the air pressure is low and the medium 160 in the first chamber 130 is small, the rotational braking force exerted on the blades 151 is small.

The side with the restoring body 172 may be open or closed with respect to the outside air.
In the case of opening, the restoring body 172 gives a force to push the moving plate 171, but in the case of closing, the pushing force to the moving plate 171 is a drag force due to the compression of the air in the closed space with the restoring body 172. Will be added.

As the medium, the magnitude of the braking force can be changed according to the viscosity and density (mass). Examples of such a medium include polymers such as poly-α-olefin, grease such as silicone, Water glass etc. are raised. Since the range from oil to pitch is wide, it is possible to obtain a small braking force to a large braking force by selecting a medium.
In addition, although the blade | wing 151 may be single, when multiple sheets are arrange | positioned equally, the method of applying a braking force will become equal and robustness will improve.

1-B shows a cross section of the first chamber 130. On the inner surface of the container wall 180 of the first chamber 130, a groove or a fence-like medium guiding means 190 connected to the hole 110 of the partition wall 120 may be provided to guide the medium 160. 1-C shows a view when the first chamber 130 is viewed through the partition wall 120 side, and only one hole 110 is provided. In 1-A, there is one blade 151, but three blades 151 are provided. It is an example of a sheet. Since the medium 160 is sufficiently filled, the blade 151 indicates a stopped state.

1-D shows an example when the horizontal axis represents time and the vertical axis represents braking force, and the stop and operation are repeated.
The braking force gradually decreases from the maximum due to movement, reaches a minimum value, and operates as it is. When the vehicle stops, the braking force gradually increases (however, the force is not felt because it is not turning) and returns to the maximum value. When it starts again, it will stop immediately because it is a short time, so the braking force does not go to the minimum value, but gradually increases from the middle until it reaches the maximum value. Indicates that when the braking force decreases to the minimum value and stops for a short time, the braking force gradually increases but does not reach the maximum value but decreases again. In this way, when the time is short, it recovers only halfway between the minimum value and the maximum value.
When starting from the stop state, the braking force is large, and the braking force is reduced by operation.

FIG. 2 is a view showing another embodiment of the start-time braking device according to the present invention. In 2-A, the difference from FIG. 1 is an example in which a restoring force varying means 173 that varies the restoring force of the restoring body 172 is provided. In this figure, the restoring force varying means 173 is a dial, and when it is rotated, the restoring body 172 contracts and expands, and the restoring force can be changed. The restoring force varying means 173 may be a push-in type or other means. As a result, the minimum value of the braking force can be changed as shown in 2-B.

FIG. 3 is a view showing another embodiment of the start-time braking device according to the present invention.
The difference from FIG. 1 is an example provided with a rotary braking means 152 that applies a desired braking force by contacting the rotary shaft body 150 or a rotating portion connected thereto. Various structural forms such as well-known brake pads are known. As a result, the braking force is increased by the amount of the braking force by the rotational braking means 152. The state is shown in 3-B.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a drive device using the start-time braking device according to the present invention.
In 4-A, the start-time braking device 100 described in FIGS. 1 to 3 is provided on the rotating shaft of the wheel 410. Of course, the housing of the start-time braking device 100 is fixed to the wheel housing 420. . Then, a wheel having a braking function at the time of starting is formed.
On the right side, a side view seen in the direction of the arrow is shown.
4B, the start-time braking device 100 described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 is intended for rotation. By using this, when the pinion-rack gear 430 is used, translation start-time braking is performed. The device can be made easily. Of course, the casing of the braking device 100 at the time of starting is fixed to another fixed casing or the like. Since the circular gear pinion and the flat teeth are engaged with each other, translational start-up braking can be performed if the rotation shaft of the start-up braking device 100 is connected to the pinion shaft.

As described above, the start-time braking device and the drive device using the start-up device according to the present invention are extremely convenient for industrial use because a large braking force is applied at the start and the braking force is reduced as it moves.

100 Braking device 110 at start-up 110 Hole 120 Bulkhead 130 First chamber 140 Second chamber 150 Rotating shaft body 151 Blade 152 Rotating braking means 160 Medium 170 Piston 171 Moving plate 172 Restoring body 173 Restoring force varying means 180 Container wall 410 Wheel 420 Wheel housing Body 430 Pinion-Rack Gear

Claims (6)

A first chamber and a second chamber that are in contact with each other via a fixed partition wall with a hole, a rotary shaft having blades that rotate in the first chamber, The medium for applying a braking force (reaction force) to the rotating shaft body, the second chamber includes a piston having a moving plate on the side facing the partition wall, and a restoring body for pressing the piston or the moving plate. When the rotation of the rotating shaft is started, the blade is braked by the medium, and the rotation causes the medium to move from the first chamber to the second chamber through the hole of the partition wall. When the medium in the room decreases, the braking force is relaxed, and when the force by which the moving plate pushes the medium in the second chamber and the force by which the blade pushes the medium are antagonized by the restoring body, The medium stops moving through the hole in the partition, and in that state When the rotation of the rotating shaft body stops when the low braking force state is reached, the blades have no force to push the medium, so that the moving plate pushes the medium in the second chamber by the restoring body, and the medium Moves the hole from the second chamber to the first chamber, the medium in the first chamber increases, and the braking force at the start can be recovered. The start-up braking device according to claim 1, wherein the restoring body is provided with a restoring force varying means so that the restoring force of the restoring body can be varied. 3. A groove-shaped or fence-shaped medium guiding means connected to the hole of the partition wall for guiding the medium is provided on the inner surface of the container wall of the first chamber. Braking device at start-up. 4. The rotary braking device according to claim 1, further comprising a rotating braking unit that applies a desired braking force by contacting the rotating shaft body or a rotating portion connected to the rotating shaft body. 5. Braking device at start-up. 5. A start-up braking device according to claim 1, wherein the rotating shaft body of the start-up braking device is connected to a rotating shaft of the wheel, and the start-up braking device is provided. A wheel driving device comprising a non-rotating portion such as a casing of a braking device fixed to the casing of the wheel. A starter braking device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the rotating shaft body of the starting brake device is connected to the rotating shaft of the pinion. And a non-rotating part such as a casing of the braking device at the time of starting is fixed to the non-rotating part such as a casing having the pinion and / or the rack.

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