JP2018044638A - Gear assembly and planetary gear mechanism using the same and gear mechanism incorporated motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To realize and provide a gear assembly which includes a function for receiving a thrust load and uses a helical gear, a planetary gear mechanism using the gear assembly, and a motor incorporating the planetary gear mechanism.SOLUTION: A gear assembly is formed by combining a helical gear 2 having a shaft hole 2a with a support shaft 3 rotatably supporting the helical gear 2. The gear assembly is formed into a structure where a ball bearing 4 is disposed between the helical gear 2 and the support shaft 3, an inner race of the roll bearing 4 is formed by the support shaft 3, and an outer race of the ball bearing 4 is formed by the helical gear 2.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a gear assembly in which a helical gear (helical gear) and a support shaft that rotatably supports it, a planetary gear mechanism using the same, and a motor incorporating the planetary gear mechanism.

  A planetary gear unit incorporated in a reduction gear or a speed increaser incorporates a plurality of planetary gears that mesh with both a sun gear and a ring gear.

  The planetary gear is generally composed of a helical gear. In the conventional planetary gear, a helical gear with a shaft hole is rotatably supported by a support shaft inserted through the shaft hole, or a needle bearing or ball bearing is used with a bearing interposed between the shaft and the support shaft. I support it as possible. The support by a ball bearing is shown by the following patent document 2, for example. A needle bearing is disclosed in Patent Document 3.

  The gear assembly thus formed is assembled to the planetary carrier. At this time, a thrust needle bearing, a thrust plate, or the like is interposed between both side portions of the planetary gear and the planetary carrier. See Patent Document 1 below.

  In Patent Document 1, a pinion gear (planetary gear constituted by a helical gear) is rotatably supported by a needle bearing interposed between a pin (support shaft) fixed to a planetary carrier, and an end face of the pinion gear A gear structure is described in which a thrust washer (this is a kind of thrust plate) is interposed between the carrier and the planetary carrier.

  For planetary gears that use helical gears, a thrust load is generated during rotation. The thrust load is not negligible particularly in the planetary gear device provided in the speed increaser because the planetary gear rotates at a high speed.

  For this purpose, a thrust needle bearing and a thrust plate are provided to receive the thrust load. In the case where the bearing interposed between the support shaft and the planetary gear is a needle bearing that cannot cope with the thrust load, a thrust needle bearing or a thrust plate is essential.

  On the other hand, if the bearing is a ball bearing, it can be received without a thrust needle bearing or a thrust plate if the thrust load is not very large. However, a planetary gear using a general ball bearing having a dedicated inner race and outer race causes the following problems.

  Since the above-described planetary gear is a helical gear, a tangential force, radial force, and axial force from the gear torsion angle are applied to the inner diameter bearing.

  Since this axial force acts as a moment force on the bearing, the axial force is inclined when the rolling element located at the inner diameter portion is a needle roller.

  Due to this inclination, it is said that the surface pressure at the end of the needle roller becomes very high, and the calculated life is reduced to 30% or less than the case of only the radial load.

JP 2007-154911 A JP 2012-189202 A JP 2005-325965 A

  The structure that directly supports the planetary gear with the support shaft can be used for gear mechanisms that do not receive a load in the thrust direction and gear mechanisms that use a light radial load. Is difficult.

  Further, as described above, in the gear device in which the thrust needle bearing and the thrust plate are installed at both ends of the planetary gear, deterioration in assembling due to an increase in the number of assembling steps is unavoidable. In addition, the use of a thrust plate also causes an increase in gear rotation load due to friction.

  Moreover, the axial dimension of the planetary gear mechanism is increased by the installation of the thrust needle bearing and the thrust plate, and it is difficult to meet the demands for miniaturization of various devices and apparatuses having the planetary gear mechanism.

  The planetary gear described in Patent Document 2 in which a general ball bearing is interposed between the planetary gear and the support shaft has a large radial dimension due to the use of the ball bearing. Therefore, various devices and apparatuses having a planetary gear mechanism that employs a planetary gear of this structure are also difficult to meet the demand for downsizing.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above state of the art, and the problem is that a gear assembly using a helical gear having a function of receiving a thrust load, a planetary gear mechanism using the gear assembly, and a planetary gear thereof. It is to realize and provide a motor with a built-in gear mechanism.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides a gear assembly that combines a helical gear having a shaft hole and a support shaft that is passed through the shaft hole and rotatably supports the helical gear. Provided is a gear assembly in which a ball bearing is disposed between a shaft, an inner race of the ball bearing is constituted by the support shaft, and an outer race is constituted by the helical gear.

  A planetary gear mechanism including a planetary gear including a support shaft and a ball bearing constituted by the gear assembly, a planetary carrier assembled with the planetary gear, and a sun gear and a ring gear that mesh with the planetary gear, respectively, is also provided. Further, the following gear mechanism built-in motors 1) and 2) are also provided.

1) The planetary gear mechanism is combined with an electric motor including a motor case, a stator core, a rotor, and a rotary shaft that is an output shaft, the planetary gear mechanism is built in a casing of the motor, and the rotary shaft is connected to the planetary gear. Gear mechanism built-in motor connected to the planetary carrier of the gear mechanism.

2) The planetary gear mechanism is combined with an electric motor including a motor case, a stator core, a rotor, and a rotation shaft serving as an output shaft, the planetary gear mechanism is built in a casing of the motor, and the rotation shaft is used as the planetary gear. Gear mechanism built-in motor connected to the sun gear of the mechanism.

  In the gear mechanism built-in motor in which the output shaft is connected to the planetary carrier of the planetary gear mechanism, the planetary gear mechanism functions as a speed increaser.

  In the gear mechanism built-in motor in which the output shaft is connected to the sun gear of the planetary gear mechanism, the planetary gear mechanism functions as a speed reducer.

The gear assembly according to the present invention may have the forms listed below.
1) A single row ball bearing is disposed between the helical gear and the support shaft.
2) A double row ball bearing is arranged between the helical gear and the support shaft.
3) An angular ball bearing is arranged between the helical gear and the support shaft.
4) The support shaft is a solid shaft.
5) The support shaft has a first hole provided in the shaft center portion with one end opened to the end surface of the support shaft, and at least one second extending radially from the first hole and exiting to the outer periphery of the support shaft. With oil supply holes composed of holes.
6) A planetary gear for a planetary gear mechanism.

  In the planetary gear mechanism according to the present invention, the support shaft of the gear assembly constituting the planetary gear can be fixed by caulking the planetary carrier.

  In the gear assembly according to the present invention, the helical gear and the support shaft constitute an outer race and an inner race of a ball bearing. Specifically, each of the support shaft and the helical gear has a raceway surface formed by an annular groove having an arcuate cross section at a corresponding position, and a rolling element (ball) is placed in the annular groove constituting the raceway surface. Part of the ball bearing is formed.

  For this reason, the axial movement of the rolling elements is blocked by the annular groove, whereby the thrust load is received.

  Therefore, it can be used without a thrust needle bearing or a thrust plate, and it becomes possible to reduce the man-hours for assembling the gear device in which this gear assembly is installed, improve the assemblability, and reduce the load of gear rotation.

  In addition, since a ball bearing is interposed between the helical gear and the support shaft, the service life can be improved with high rotation.

  Since ball bearings use balls (steel balls) and edge loads due to moment loads do not occur, the rate of change (decrease rate) in the calculated life is expected to be small.

  In addition, since a thrust needle bearing and a thrust plate are not required, the axial dimension of the gear device is shortened, and various devices and apparatuses having a planetary gear mechanism can be miniaturized.

  Since the support shaft and the helical gear have a structure that combines the inner race and outer race of the ball bearing, a planetary gear mechanism that interposes a ball bearing having a dedicated inner race and outer race between the support shaft and the helical gear. Compared with the above, the radial dimension is reduced, and this also leads to miniaturization of various devices and apparatuses having a planetary gear mechanism.

  A gear assembly in which a double-row ball bearing is disposed between the helical gear and the support shaft is excellent in supporting stability of the helical gear.

  Further, a gear assembly having an oil supply hole inside the support shaft can supply lubricating oil to improve the life of the ball bearing.

  Further, the planetary gear mechanism in which the support shaft is attached to the planetary carrier by caulking and fixing does not require a nut or the like for fixing the support shaft. Thereby, the number of parts can be reduced, and the axial dimension can be further shortened.

It is sectional drawing which shows an example of the gear assembly of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the other example of the gear assembly of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the further another example of the gear assembly of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows an example of the gear assembly of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows an example of the planetary gear mechanism (speed increaser) using the gear assembly of this invention. It is sectional drawing along XX of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows an example of the planetary gear mechanism (reduction gear) using the gear assembly of this invention. It is sectional drawing along YY of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows an example of the motor which incorporated the speed up gear of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows an example of the motor which incorporated the reduction gear of FIG.

  Embodiments of a gear assembly of the present invention, a planetary gear mechanism using the gear assembly, and a motor incorporating the planetary gear mechanism will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 10 of the accompanying drawings.

  1 to 4 show an embodiment of a gear assembly. A gear assembly 1 in FIG. 1 is configured by combining a helical gear 2, a support shaft 3, and a ball bearing 4.

  The helical gear 2 has a cylindrical shaft hole 2a, and a support shaft 3 is inserted through the shaft hole 2a.

  The ball bearing 4 is disposed between the helical gear 2 and the support shaft 3, and the helical gear 2 is rotatably supported on the support shaft 3 via rolling elements (balls) 4 a of the ball bearing 4.

  In the ball bearing 4, the inner race is constituted by the support shaft 3, and the outer race is constituted by the helical gear 2.

  Each of the helical gear 2 and the support shaft 3 has raceway surfaces 4b and 4c constituted by annular grooves having an arcuate cross section at corresponding positions, and the rolling elements 4a are arranged in the annular grooves constituting the raceway surfaces 4b and 4c. The ball bearing 4 is configured by entering a part thereof. The rolling element 4a is positioned by a cage 4d.

  The ball bearing 4 disposed between the helical gear 2 and the support shaft 3 may be a double row ball bearing as shown in FIG. The support stability of the helical gear 2 is superior to the single row ball bearing of FIG. 1 in the double row ball bearing of FIG.

  The ball bearing 4 disposed between the helical gear 2 and the support shaft 3 may be an angular ball bearing as shown in FIG.

  The support shaft 3 may be either a solid shaft as shown in FIG. 1 or a shaft having an oil supply hole 5 as shown in FIG. The oil supply hole 5 has at least one first hole 5a provided in the shaft center portion with one end opened to the end surface of the support shaft 3, and extending radially from the first hole 5a to the outer periphery of the support shaft 3. The thing consisting of the 2nd hole 5b was illustrated.

The ball bearing 4 illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3 is assembled in the following procedure.
First, the support shaft 3 inserted through the shaft hole 2a of the helical gear 2 is biased from the shaft center portion, and in this state, the raceway surfaces 4b, 4c start from the location where the space entrance between the helical gear 2 and the support shaft 3 is wide open. A necessary number of rolling elements 4a are inserted between them.

  And each rolling element 4a is moved to the position which maintains a predetermined space | interval, the spindle 3 is arrange | positioned in the concentric position with the shaft hole 2a, and the holder | retainer 4d is attached after that and each rolling element 4a is positioned.

  After the above procedure, the gear assembly 1 having the appearance as shown in FIG. 4 in which the helical gear 2, the support shaft 3, and the ball bearing 4 are integrated is completed.

  FIGS. 5 and 7 show a planetary gear mechanism 10 using the above-described gear assembly (the one used here is the gear assembly shown in FIG. 2).

  The planetary gear mechanism 10 in FIG. 5 constitutes a speed increaser, and includes a sun gear 11, a ring gear 12, a planetary gear 13, and a planetary carrier 14.

  The sun gear 11 is attached to an output shaft (not shown). The ring gear 12 is fixed to a fixing member, such as a motor case, and is concentrically disposed on the outer periphery of the sun gear 11.

  In the planetary gear mechanism 10, a planetary gear 13 including a support shaft and a ball bearing is configured by the gear assembly 1 described above.

  A plurality of planetary gears 13 are arranged in a space between the sun gear 11 and the ring gear 12 so as to mesh with both the sun gear 11 and the ring gear 12.

  Both ends of the support shaft 15 (= support shaft 3 of the gear assembly) integrated with the planetary gear 13 are fixed to the planetary carrier 14 by caulking.

  In the illustrated planetary carrier 14, two end plates 14 a and 14 b that support both ends of the support shaft 15 are connected to each other via the support shaft 3, but the end plates 14 a and 14 b do not interfere with the planetary gear 13. It may be connected via a bridge (not shown).

  The planetary carrier 14 has an input shaft 16 integrally formed. The input shaft 16 is obtained by connecting a separately machined shaft to the planetary carrier 14 by a method such as fastening with a bolt or welding. May be.

  In the planetary gear mechanism 10 of FIG. 5 configured as described above, the rotation of the input shaft 16 is transmitted to the planetary carrier 14 and the planetary carrier 14 rotates as shown in FIG.

When the ring gear is fixed by the rotation, the planetary gear 13 meshed with the ring gear 12 revolves around the sun gear 11 while rotating, whereby the sun gear 11 meshed with the planetary gear 13 rotates and the output to which the sun gear 11 is attached is rotated. The shaft rotates at an increased speed.
In addition, the arrow of FIG. 5 represents the transmission path | route of rotation, and the arrow of FIG. 6 represents the rotation direction of each gear.

  The planetary gear mechanism 10 of FIG. 7 constitutes a speed reducer, and includes a sun gear 11, a ring gear 12, a planetary gear 13, and a planetary carrier 14 as in the case of the speed increaser.

  The sun gear 11 is attached to an input shaft (not shown). In addition, an output shaft 17 is formed integrally with the illustrated planetary carrier 14. These two points are different from the gearbox of FIG. 5, and other configurations are the same as those of the gearbox of FIG. Therefore, the same elements as those in FIG.

  In the planetary gear mechanism 10 of FIG. 7, the rotation of the sun gear 11 is transmitted to the planetary gear 13 and the planetary gear 13 rotates as shown in FIG.

When the ring gear is fixed by the rotation, the planetary gear 13 rolls along the inner teeth of the ring gear 12, whereby the planetary carrier 14 rotates and the output shaft 17 connected to the planetary carrier 14 is decelerated at a reduced speed. Rotate.
In addition, the arrow of FIG. 7 represents the rotation transmission path | route, and the arrow of FIG. 8 represents the rotation direction of each gear.

  FIG. 9 shows a motor incorporating the planetary gear mechanism (speed increaser) 10 shown in FIG. The gear mechanism built-in motor 20 is an electric motor 21 integrated with the planetary gear mechanism 10 described above.

  The motor 21 includes a motor case 22, a stator core 23, a rotor 24, and a rotation shaft (motor output shaft) 25.

  The planetary gear mechanism 10 is disposed inside the motor case 22 and accelerates and outputs the rotation of the rotating shaft 25.

  The rotating shaft 25 is an axis corresponding to the input shaft 16 in FIG. 5, which is a hollow shaft integrated with the planetary carrier 14. The rotary shaft 25 is rotatably supported by a bearing 26 assembled to the motor case 22.

  The ring gear 12 of the planetary gear mechanism 10 is fixed to the inner surface of the motor case 22. The sun gear 11 is formed integrally with an output shaft 27 inserted into the planetary carrier 14 (the sun gear 11 may be an independent product as shown in FIG. 5 attached to the output shaft).

  The output shaft 27 is rotatably supported by a bearing 28 assembled to the motor case 22. The entrance of the space between the output shaft 27 and the motor case 22 is sealed with a seal member 29.

  The gear mechanism built-in motor 20 in FIG. 9 is used in a continuously variable transmission (CVT) immediately after the engine is started in a vehicle having a rotational drive of an turbocharger (engine supercharger) turbine wheel and an idling stop function. It can be suitably used for an electric oil pump or the like provided for the purpose of securing the hydraulic pressure for clutch engagement.

  Turbochargers and oil pumps that generate hydraulic pressure for clutch engagement are required to have excellent responsiveness. It is possible to improve responsiveness by driving these devices with a motor having a fast rise in rotation.

  An electric motor incorporating the planetary gear mechanism (reduction gear) 10 of FIG. 7 is shown in FIG. The gear mechanism built-in motor 20 includes a motor case 22, a stator core 23, a rotor 24, a rotating shaft 25, and a planetary gear mechanism 10 that decelerates and outputs the rotation of the rotating shaft 25.

  The sun gear 11 of the planetary gear mechanism 10 is integrally provided on the rotating shaft 25 (the sun gear 11 may be attached to the output shaft 25 as an independent product as shown in FIG. 7). Further, the planetary carrier 14 of the planetary gear mechanism 10 is integrally formed with a hollow output shaft 27 (this corresponds to the output shaft 17 in FIG. 7).

  The other configuration is the same as that of the gear mechanism built-in motor 20 of FIG. 9, and therefore, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

  The gear mechanism built-in motor 20 in FIG. 10 is suitably used as a drive source for devices that require a driving force larger than the rotational torque generated by the motor because the force transmitted by the deceleration of the rotation is amplified. Can do.

  As can be seen from the above application examples, the gear assembly of the present invention can be suitably used for a planetary gear of a planetary gear mechanism, but its application is not limited to a planetary gear.

  The planetary gear mechanism of the present invention can be suitably used for a motor (for increasing or decreasing the rotation of a motor), but its application is not limited to a motor.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Gear assembly 2 Helical gear 2a Shaft hole 3 Support shaft 4 Ball bearing 4a Rolling element 4b, 4c Raceway surface 4d Cage 5 Oil supply hole 5a First hole 5b Second hole 10 Planetary gear mechanism 11 Sun gear 12 Ring gear 13 Planetary gear 14 Planetary Carriers 14a and 14b End plate 15 Support shaft 16 Input shaft 17 Output shaft 20 Gear mechanism built-in motor 21 Motor 22 Motor case 23 Stator core 24 Rotor 25 Rotating shafts 26 and 28 Bearing 27 Output shaft 29 Seal member

Claims (8)

  A gear assembly in which a helical gear (2) having a shaft hole (2a) and a support shaft (3) that is passed through the shaft hole (2a) and rotatably supports the helical gear (2) are combined. A ball bearing (4) is disposed between (2) and the support shaft (3), and the inner race of the ball bearing is configured by the support shaft (3) and the outer race is configured by the helical gear (2). Gear assembly.   The gear assembly according to claim 1, wherein the ball bearing (4) is a single row ball bearing.   The gear assembly according to claim 1, wherein the ball bearing (4) is a double row ball bearing.   The gear assembly according to claim 1, wherein the ball bearing (4) is an angular ball bearing.   The support shaft (3) has a first hole (5a) provided in the shaft center portion with one end opened to the end surface of the support shaft (3), and the support shaft extends radially from the first hole (5a). The gear assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising an oil supply hole (5) configured with at least one second hole (5b) extending to the outer periphery of the shaft (3).   A planetary gear (13) constituted by the gear assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 6 including a support shaft and a ball bearing, a planetary carrier (14) assembled with the planetary gear (13), and A planetary gear mechanism comprising a sun gear (11) and a ring gear (12) with which the planetary gear (13) meshes.   An electric motor (21) comprising the planetary gear mechanism (10) according to claim 6, a motor case (22), a stator core (23), a rotor (24), and a rotary shaft (25) serving as an output shaft. In combination, the planetary gear mechanism (10) is built in the motor case (22), the rotating shaft (25) is connected to the planetary carrier (14) of the planetary gear mechanism (10), and the planetary gear mechanism ( 10) A gear mechanism built-in motor which is a gearbox.   An electric motor (21) comprising the planetary gear mechanism (10) according to claim 6, a motor case (22), a stator core (23), a rotor (24), and a rotary shaft (25) serving as an output shaft. In combination, the planetary gear mechanism (10) is built in the motor case (22), the rotating shaft (25) is connected to the sun gear (11) of the planetary gear mechanism (1), and the planetary gear mechanism (10 ) Is a gear mechanism built-in motor.

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