JP2018031179A - Building unit construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an installation method of a building unit that facilitates setting of an installation position of the building unit while enhancing accuracy of the installation position.SOLUTION: In an installation method for a building unit 1 that is assembled beforehand at a place other than the place of construction, a plurality of anchor bolts 41 to be inserted into a plurality of connection holes 15b located in a lower part of the building unit 1 are positioned at a location corresponding to the connection holes 15b and installed on a foundation 40, when constructing the foundation 40 on which the building unit 1 is mounted at the place of construction. A template 73 having an index for indicating the position corresponding to the plurality of connection holes 15b is used, when positioning the plurality of anchor bolts 41. The template 73 includes a plurality of members connected to each other and assembled into a frame form. The plurality of members include a plurality of first index members 74 extending in line with the arranged anchor bolts 41 on the foundation 40, and a second index member 75 extending in a direction intersecting with the arrangement of the anchor bolts and extending diagonally between the plurality of first index members 74.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 6

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for constructing a building unit constituting a part of a building.

  In general, all construction of a building such as a house is performed at the building construction site. For example, in the case of a wooden house, after the concrete foundation is constructed at the construction site, pillars, beams, etc., which constitute the framework of the house, a floor, a wall, etc. are constructed on the concrete foundation, and then the water Construction work for housing equipment such as equipment and electrical equipment will be implemented. Housing equipment installed at a construction site may cause variations in construction accuracy, and may be a factor for extending the construction period. For example, Patent Document 1 describes a technique in which an equipment unit including a bathroom, a toilet, a washing place, a kitchen, and the like is produced in a factory and installed at a construction site. The equipment units are divided and transported to the construction site, installed at the construction site and joined together. At the construction site, with the equipment unit as the core, other entrances, living rooms, etc. are constructed on site by conventional construction methods.

JP-A-2-232445

  Building units, such as equipment units, that form part of a building such as a house are handled as the core of the building, and building columns, beams, and other frames, floors, walls, etc. are constructed based on the building unit. . For this reason, the influence which the precision of the installation position of the building unit in a construction site has on the dimensional precision of a building is large.

  Therefore, the present invention provides a construction method for a building unit that facilitates setting of the installation position while improving the accuracy of the installation position of the building unit.

  In order to achieve the above object, a construction method for a building unit according to one aspect of the present invention is a construction method for a building unit that is pre-assembled at a place other than the construction place, and constructs a foundation on which the building unit is placed at the construction place. When positioning the plurality of anchor bolts, the plurality of anchor bolts to be inserted into the plurality of connection holes in the lower part of the building unit are positioned at positions corresponding to the connection holes. The template includes a plurality of members that are connected to each other and assembled in a frame shape, and the plurality of members includes a plurality of second members extending along an array of anchor bolts in the foundation. One member and a second member extending in a direction intersecting the array and extending in a bracing manner between the plurality of first members.

  According to the construction method for a building unit according to the present invention, the setting of the installation position can be facilitated while improving the accuracy of the installation position of the building unit.

It is a perspective view which shows typically the external appearance of the building unit which concerns on embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the relationship between the foundation of the 1st building unit of FIG. 1, and a foundation. It is sectional drawing which looked at the cross section which cut | disconnects the 1st building unit of FIG. 1 in a horizontal direction in the direction III which goes below. It is a perspective view which shows an example of the wall panel which comprises the wall of the 1st building unit of FIG. It is sectional drawing which looked at the cross section which cut | disconnects the 2nd building unit of FIG. 1 in a horizontal direction in the direction V which goes below. It is a perspective view which shows an example of the formwork assembled when constructing the foundation of FIG. It is the cross-sectional side view which looked at the vertical cross section which cut | disconnects the corner | angular part of the formwork of FIG. 6 diagonally in the direction VII. It is a perspective view which decomposes | disassembles and shows the template for anchor bolt positioning of FIG.

  Below, the construction method of the building unit which concerns on embodiment of this invention is demonstrated in detail using drawing. Note that each of the embodiments described below shows a preferred specific example of the present invention. Therefore, numerical values, shapes, materials, components, arrangement and connection forms of components, steps (processes), order of steps, and the like shown in the following embodiments are merely examples, and are not intended to limit the present invention. . Therefore, among the constituent elements in the following embodiments, constituent elements that are not described in the independent claims showing the highest concept of the present invention are described as optional constituent elements.

  Each figure is a mimetic diagram and is not necessarily illustrated strictly. Moreover, in each figure, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected about the same structural member. Further, in the following embodiments, expressions accompanied by “substantially” such as substantially the same or substantially square may be used. For example, substantially the same means not only that they are completely the same, but also means that they are substantially the same, i.e. include, for example, a few percent difference. The same applies to expressions using other “abbreviations”.

[Embodiment]
[Building unit]
The outline | summary of the building unit 1 which concerns on embodiment is demonstrated using FIG. FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing the exterior of a building unit 1 according to the embodiment. The building unit 1 constitutes a part of a building. When a building is constructed using the building unit 1, other structures such as an entrance and a living room are constructed around the building unit 1 with the building unit 1 installed at the construction site as a core. For example, building columns, beams, outer walls, inner walls, ceilings, and the like are constructed based on the building unit 1. Such a building unit 1 is also called a core unit that becomes a core when a building is constructed. In the present embodiment, the building to which the building unit 1 is applied is a wooden house, but may be a non-wooden house in which only a part is wooden, or a non-house other than a wooden or wooden house such as a store, a factory, or a warehouse. Good. The building is a two-story building in the present embodiment, but it may be a three-story building or more, may be a one-story building, and may have a basement.

The building unit 1 according to the present embodiment is a core unit that collectively includes many water facilities and electrical facilities necessary for a house. By concentrating most of the water facilities in the building unit 1, it is possible to secure a large living space even in a small house.
In the present embodiment, the building unit 1 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped outer shape. At least one side surface of the building unit 1 may constitute an outer wall of the building. One or more building units 1 may be arranged in the building. The plurality of building units 1 constitute, for example, a part of a house having two or more stories. In this case, the plurality of building units 1 may be stacked and connected to each other to constitute each of the plurality of floors. In this Embodiment, the some building unit 1 is the 1st building unit 10 and the 2nd building unit 20 which comprise a part of two-story house. Each of the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20 is formed by a wooden shaft assembly method. Specifically, each of the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20 includes a framework formed of a plurality of horizontal members such as columns and beams, a face material, and the like.

  Each of the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20 constitutes one floor among a plurality of floors, and the second building unit 20 constitutes a floor directly above the first building unit 10. In the present embodiment, the first building unit 10 constitutes the first floor of the building, and the second building unit 20 constitutes the second floor of the building. The first building unit 10 is arranged on the foundation 40 and fixed to the foundation 40. For example, the foundation 40 may be integrated with a building foundation and constructed with the building foundation. The foundation 40 may be, for example, a reinforced concrete cloth foundation or a solid foundation, and includes a plurality of anchor bolts 41 embedded in the foundation 40 and projecting upward from the upper surface of the foundation 40 as shown in FIG. Have. The anchor bolt 41 is fastened to the column base 15 provided at the bottom of the column portion of the first building unit 10, thereby fixing the first building unit 10 to the foundation 40. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the relationship between the base 11 and the foundation 40 of the first building unit 10 of FIG.

The plurality of building units 1 are assembled in advance at a place other than the construction place of the building such as a factory. That is, the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20 are industrialized units in which various facilities are incorporated in advance in a factory or the like. The factory production of the building unit 1 makes it possible to manufacture the high-quality and high-functional building unit 1 and further reduce the construction period at the construction site.
The first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20 assembled in the factory, that is, manufactured in the factory, are each transported to a construction site by a transport vehicle such as a truck. The transported first building unit 10 and second building unit 20 are stacked and installed at the construction site, and are connected and fixed to each other.

  Each of the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20 as described above has a size equivalent to a substantially rectangular parallelepiped outer shape. Each of the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20 may be designed to have a height that does not exceed the height limit of the Road Traffic Law when placed on the platform of a transport vehicle such as a truck. As an example, each of the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20 has a planar size of about 364 cm × 182 cm and a height of about 273 cm.

[Configuration of first building unit and second building unit]
Specific configurations of the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20 will be described. Referring to FIG. 1, the first building unit 10 constituting the first floor of the building and the second building unit 20 constituting the second floor of the building are each an architectural structure as a frame structure by a wooden frame construction method, for example. Is provided. The building structure includes a frame assembly made of building materials such as horizontal members such as beams and foundations, and pillars, and a floor assembly made of building materials such as pulling. The horizontal member constitutes the base of the first building unit 10 and the beam of the second building unit 20. The building structure is assembled in advance in a place other than the construction place such as a factory.

  Referring to FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, the building structure of the first building unit 10 includes a rectangular frame-shaped base 11 arranged on a foundation 40, a plurality of pillars 12 built on the base 11, and pillars 12. The surface material 13 spanned between them, the plurality of intermediate columns 14 arranged between the columns 12, the plurality of large pulls 16 spanned on the base 11, the floor surface material (not shown) laid on the large pulls 16, and the columns 12 It is formed by a ceiling panel (not shown) installed on the upper part. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the first building unit 10 of FIG. 1 cut in the horizontal direction as viewed in the direction III, and shows a schematic plan view of the inside of the first building unit 10. It is also a figure. The pillars 12 and the inter-columns 14 extend in the vertical direction, and the base 11 and the large pull 16 extend in a substantially horizontal direction. In the present embodiment, the pillars 12 are arranged at the three scales generally employed in Japan, that is, at a pitch of about 90 cm.

  A column base 15 is attached to the bottom of the column 12 to connect the column 12, the base 11, and the large pull together. In the present embodiment, the first building unit 10 does not include a beam on the ceiling side, specifically, a torso and a second floor beam. And when installing the 2nd building unit 20 on the 1st building unit 10, the trunk line arrange | positioned on the floor side of the 2nd building unit 20 and the upper part of the some pillar 12 of the 1st building unit 10 and The floor-side horizontal member 21 constituting the second-floor floor beam is also connected to serve as a beam or the like on the ceiling side of the first building unit 10. In the present embodiment, the building materials such as the base 11, the pillars 12, the face material 13, the spacers 14, and the fork 16 are wood.

  The pillar 12, the face material 13, and the interposition pillar 14 form a wall 17 of the first building unit 10. A wall material (not shown) such as a gypsum board can be installed on the face material 13 disposed inside the wall 17. Furthermore, wallpaper can be affixed on the wall material. In the present embodiment, the face material 13 is disposed on the inside and the outside of the wall 17, but only one of them may be provided. The pillars 12, the face materials 13, and the interposition pillars 14 may be individually assembled to the base 11, or may be assembled as a wall panel 18 as shown in FIG. 4 before being assembled to the base 11. The wall 17 may be formed by the wall panel 18 being built on the base 11. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an example of a wall panel constituting the wall 17 of the first building unit 10 of FIG. In either case, the column 12 is fixed to the base 11 such that the connecting shaft 15 a protruding from the column base 15 is inserted into the engagement hole 12 a formed in the lower end surface of the column 12.

  Referring to FIGS. 1 and 5, the building structure of the second building unit 20 is arranged between the floor-side horizontal member 21, the plurality of pillars 22, the face material 23 spanned between the pillars 22, and the pillars 22. By a plurality of inter-columns 24, a ceiling-side horizontal member 25 disposed on the top of the column 22, a floor material (not shown) installed on the floor-side horizontal member 21, a ceiling panel (not shown) installed on the top of the column 22, etc. It is formed. Similarly to the first building unit 10, the floor material may be composed of a floor surface material or the like. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the cross section of the second building unit 20 of FIG. 1 cut in the horizontal direction as viewed in the downward direction V, and shows a schematic plan view of the inside of the second building unit 20. It is also a figure. The columns 22 and the inter-columns 24 extend in the up-down direction, and the floor side horizontal member 21 and the ceiling side horizontal member 25 extend in a substantially horizontal direction. The floor-side horizontal member 21 is composed of a trunk and a second-floor floor beam, and the ceiling-side horizontal member 25 is composed of a second-floor ceiling beam and the like.

The floor-side horizontal member 21 connects the lower portions of the plurality of columns 22 to each other, and the ceiling-side horizontal member 25 connects the upper portions of the plurality of columns 22 to each other. In the present embodiment, the column 22 is disposed on the floor side horizontal member 21, and the ceiling side horizontal member 25 is disposed on the upper end of the column 22. The floor-side horizontal member 21 and the ceiling-side horizontal member 25 may be disposed on the side portion of the column 22.
In the present embodiment, the building materials such as the floor-side horizontal member 21, the pillars 22, the face material 23, the intermediate pillars 24, and the ceiling-side horizontal member 25 are wood.

  The pillar 22, the face material 23, and the interposition pillar 24 form a wall 27 of the second building unit 20. A wall material (not shown) such as a gypsum board is installed on the face material 23 on the inner side of the wall 27, and further, wallpaper can be pasted on the wall material. In the present embodiment, the face material 23 is disposed on the inner side and the outer side of the wall 27, but only one of them may be provided. The pillars 22, the face members 23, and the interposition pillars 24 may be individually assembled to the floor-side horizontal member 21, and are similar to the wall panel 18 of the first building unit 10 before being assembled to the floor-side horizontal member 21. It may be assembled as a wall panel and built on the floor-side horizontal member 21. In any case, a plurality of connecting shafts that protrude from the upper surface of the floor-side horizontal member 21 are inserted into the engagement holes formed in the lower end surface of the column 22 so that the column 22 is placed on the floor-side horizontal member 21. Is fixed.

[Facility]
With reference to FIG.1, FIG3 and FIG.5, the building unit 1 is provided with an installation in this Embodiment. The equipment is specifically residential equipment, and includes, for example, watering equipment, electrical equipment, air-conditioning ventilation equipment, interior decoration, and the like. Each facility is installed in advance at a location other than the construction site in at least one of the plurality of building units 1 arranged in the building.
The watering facility includes, for example, at least one of a bath (bathroom), a toilet, a sink, and a kitchen. The watering equipment may further include a water heater (hot water system), including drainage pipes installed in a pipe space formed in the back of the ceiling, under the floor or in the wall, water supply pipes and hot water supply pipes, etc. Good.

  In the present embodiment, a toilet 31 and a wash basin 32 are installed inside the first building unit 10. Furthermore, a space 33 in which facility equipment can be arranged is provided inside the first building unit 10. A power outlet is disposed in the space 33, and the space 33 can be used as, for example, a pantry in which a refrigerator or the like for storing food is installed. A toilet 31, a wash basin 32, and a unit bath 34 are installed inside the second building unit 20. Although not shown, various pipes are arranged in a space between the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20.

  The electrical equipment may include, for example, a distribution board, an interphone, an information board, an operation panel for operating various equipment, a creation cooperation apparatus (creation cooperation system), and equipment such as lighting. The electrical facilities may further include switches, outlets, and wiring facilities such as information wiring and electrical wiring. A distribution board, an intercom, an information board, an operation panel, a creation cooperation device, a switch, an outlet, and the like can be arranged indoors. Various wirings can be placed behind the ceiling, under the floor or in the wall.

The air-conditioning ventilation equipment may include, for example, an air-conditioning indoor unit such as an air conditioner installed indoors, a heat exchanger installed in a ceiling or the like, a ventilation fan, and the like. The air conditioning ventilation facility may further include various pipes such as a duct installed in the pipe space.
The interior may include finishing materials, joinery, storage tools, and the like applied to the floor, wall, ceiling, and the like in the building unit 1.

  In addition, the quantity of each above-mentioned installation, arrangement | positioning, etc. are only examples, and are not specifically limited. For example, in this Embodiment, although the structure where both the 1st building unit 10 and the 2nd building unit 20 are equipped with watering equipment is illustrated, only one of the 1st building unit 10 and the 2nd building unit 20 is shown. May be equipped with watering equipment.

[Building unit construction method]
Next, the construction method of the building unit 1 implemented at the construction site will be described. Specifically, the construction method of the foundation 40 on which the first building unit 10 is placed at the construction site will be described. In the present embodiment, the foundation 40 is integrated with the foundation of the building including the building unit 1 and is a part of the foundation of the building. Such a foundation 40 may be constructed simultaneously with the foundation of the building. Hereinafter, the foundation 40 of the building unit 1 will be described alone.

  First, the structure of the base 11 and the foundation 40 will be described with reference to FIG. The base 11 forms a frame having a rectangular planar shape. The base 11 is formed by connecting a plurality of linear square members 11 a in a rectangular frame shape via column bases 15. In the present embodiment, the square member 11a constituting the base 11 is wood. The column base metal 15 is disposed at the position of the column 12 of the first building unit 10 erected on the base 11, and connects the column 12 and the square member 11a. The column base metal 15 may be configured to be embedded in the square member 11a of the base 11. Alternatively, the square base members 15a may be joined to each other without using the column base metal fitting 15, and a metal fitting having another configuration for connecting the square member 11a and the pillar 12 may be attached.

  On the inner side of the base 11, a plurality of large pulls 16 are disposed and joined to the column base 15. In the present embodiment, the large pull 16 is arranged in a lattice shape so as to connect the column bases 15 positioned opposite to each other, but is not limited thereto. When it is impossible to join the column base 15 such as when the column base 15 is not provided, the large pull 16 is joined to the square member 11a. In the present embodiment, the draw 16 is wood.

  The foundation 40 is made of reinforced concrete, for example, and is constructed together with the foundation of the building at the construction site. On the mounting surface 40a that is the upper surface of the foundation 40, the base 11 and the large pull 16 of the building unit 1 are placed. The foundation 40 is formed such that the mounting surface 40a has a shape that supports the base 11 having a rectangular frame shape over the entire circumference and supports all or part of the pulling 16. In the present embodiment, the foundation 40 is a solid foundation. The foundation 40 includes a bottom plate 40c that covers the foundation ground such as a crushed stone ground over the entire area of the foundation 40, and a belt-like rising portion 40b that rises from the bottom plate 40c. The rising portion 40 b has, for example, a rectangular cross-sectional shape, and forms a mounting surface 40 a extending along the base 11 and the large pull 16 on the upper surface. The rising portion 40b may extend continuously along the base 11 and the large pull 16, or may extend partially interrupted. The rising portion 40b and the bottom plate 40c are respectively integrated with the rising portion and the bottom plate of the foundation of the building. The form of the foundation 40 is not limited to a solid foundation, and may be any foundation form such as a cloth foundation.

  Further, on the mounting surface 40 a of the foundation 40, tip portions 41 a of a plurality of anchor bolts 41 embedded in the foundation 40 protrude. Each anchor bolt 41 is made of a metal having high strength such as iron or steel. The several anchor bolt 41 is arrange | positioned in the position corresponding to the column base metal fitting 15 of the base 11 mounted on the mounting surface 40a. Specifically, each anchor bolt 41 is arranged at a position aligned with a connection hole 15 b which is a through hole formed in the bottom plate of each column base metal 15. That is, the plurality of anchor bolts 41 are arranged along the placement surface 40a at a pitch of about 90 cm, which is the same pitch as the column base metal 15 and the column 12. A male screw is formed at the tip portion 41 a of the anchor bolt 41. The distal end portion 41 a is passed through the connection hole 15 b of the column base metal 15 and fastened by a fastening member such as a nut screwed to the distal end portion 41 a, thereby fixing the column base metal 15 to the foundation 40. The base 11 is fixed to the foundation 40 by fixing each column base 15 to the foundation 40.

  With reference to FIGS. 6 and 7, the foundation 40 is formed of cast-in-place concrete. That is, the foundation 40 is constructed by placing uncured concrete in a mold 50 assembled to match the shape of the foundation 40. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing an example of a mold that is assembled when the foundation 40 of FIG. 2 is constructed. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional side view of a vertical cross-section obtained by obliquely cutting a corner of the mold 50 in FIG. 6 in the direction VII.

The formwork 50 is formed by standing and assembling a formwork material having a flat surface such as a steel formwork material or a wooden formwork material on a foundation ground such as a crushed stone ground. The formwork material is disposed so as to surround a reinforcing bar (not shown) assembled in a predetermined shape along the shape of the foundation 40 from the side and its flat surface forms a side surface of the foundation 40. In FIGS. 6 and 7, illustrations of the reinforcing bars and the fixing members and the reinforcing members provided in the formwork material are omitted.
Further, the anchor bolt 41 is disposed in the mold 50 when the mold 50 is assembled. In the example of FIG. 7, the anchor bolt 41 is a round steel having a J-shape. In order to improve the pull-out strength, the anchor bolt 41 is arranged by embedding a curved portion in the foundation 40 and projecting a straight portion from the foundation 40 as a tip portion 41a.

The anchor bolt 41 is fixed to the mold frame 50 via the extension member 71 and the grip member 72.
The extension member 71 is connected to the tip portion 41a of the anchor bolt 41 disposed in the mold 50, and thereby extends so that the tip portion 41a extends above the mold 50. The extension member 71 includes a long nut (also referred to as a high nut) 71a and a long screw 71b that is screwed into the female screw hole of the long nut 71a. Here, the long screw 71b is an example of a shaft member.

  The long nut 71a is a nut whose height in the axial direction of the female screw hole is larger than that of a normal hexagon nut. The normal hexagon nut is, for example, one kind of hexagon nuts out of one, two, and three kinds of hexagon nuts defined in Japanese Industrial Standard JIS B 1181: 2014. As will be described later, the long nut 71a has a height exceeding twice that of a normal hexagon nut since male threads are screwed from both ends.

  The long screw 71b is screwed into the female screw hole from one end of the long nut 71a, and the tip portion 41a of the anchor bolt 41 is screwed into the female screw hole from the other end of the long nut 71a. The long screw 71b is coaxially connected to the anchor bolt 41 through the long nut 71a by the above two screwing. In addition, since the long nut 71a is used as a connecting member for the long screw 71b and the anchor bolt 41, a sufficient screwing length between the long screw 71b and the anchor bolt 41 is ensured. The backlash and bending of the anchor bolt 41 are suppressed.

  The long screw 71b that protrudes from the mold 50 and extends upward is fixed to the mold 50 via a gripping member 72 that grips the long screw 71b. The gripping member 72 grips the long screw 71b with the first gripping portion 72a at one end, grips the end of the mold 50 with the second gripping portion 72b at the other end, and thereby the long screw 71b. Is fixed to the mold 50. The gripping member 72 is configured to change the distance between the first gripping portion 72a and the second gripping portion 72b. For example, the first gripping portion 72a may be movably provided so as to change the distance between the first gripping portion 72a and the second gripping portion 72b, or the gripping member 72 may be extendable and contractible. . Thereby, the holding member 72 can adjust the position of the long screw 71 b in the substantially horizontal direction with respect to the mold 50. The gripping member 72 is also configured to change the orientation of the first gripping portion 72a. For example, the first gripper 72a may be rotatably provided so as to change the orientation of the first gripper 72a, or by changing the orientation of gripping the mold 50 by the second gripper 72b, The first grip 72a may change the direction. Thereby, the gripping member 72 can grip the long screw 71b with the axial direction of the long screw 71b being substantially vertical. Therefore, the long screw 71b and the anchor bolt 41 can be disposed at predetermined positions with respect to the mold 50 with the axial direction being substantially vertical.

  A template 73 for planar positioning of the long screw 71 b connected to each of the plurality of anchor bolts 41 is disposed on the mold 50. The template 73 is an element that performs planar positioning of the plurality of anchor bolts 41. Here, the configuration of the template 73 will be described.

  Referring to FIGS. 2, 6, 7, and 8, the template 73 includes a plurality of members. Specifically, the template 73 has a plurality of long screw 71b arrangements and pitches along the extending direction of the mounting surface 40a of the foundation 40, that is, a plurality of anchor bolt 41 arrangements and pitches (that is, a pitch of about 90 cm). It includes a first indicator member 74 and a plurality of second indicator members 75 indicating the arrangement and pitch of the long screws 71b, that is, the anchor bolts 41, along the direction intersecting the extending direction of the mounting surface 40a. The extending direction of the mounting surface 40a of the foundation 40 is also the arrangement direction of the anchor bolts 41. FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view of the anchor bolt 41 positioning template 73 shown in FIG. Here, the first indicator member 74 is an example of a first member, and the second indicator member 75 is an example of a second member.

  The first index member 74 and the second index member 75 are made of a material having rigidity such as metal. In the present embodiment, each of the index members 74 and 75 has rigidity and is composed of a linear elongated metal plate. The two second indicator members 75 that intersect with each other are connected to each other so as to be pivotable. The first indicator member 74 and the second indicator member 75 are made light in weight so as to be able to carry them manually. For example, the first indicator member 74 and the second indicator member 75 are metal plate plates constituting the first indicator member 74 and the second indicator member 75. The thickness is about several millimeters, and the first index member 74 and the second index member 75 can be made from an iron plate, a stainless steel plate, or a lightweight aluminum or aluminum alloy plate.

  The plurality of first indicator members 74 are formed in a rectangular frame shape along a rectangular outer frame portion 40ba where the anchor bolt 41 is disposed in the portion having the mounting surface 40a in the rising portion 40b of the foundation 40. Be placed. The plurality of first index members 74 are respectively provided on the long side index members 74a and 74c arranged along the long side portions 40baa and 40bac of the outer frame portion 40ba, and on the short side portions 40bab and 40bad of the outer frame portion 40ba, respectively. It comprises short side indicator members 74b and 74d arranged along. Each of the long side index members 74a and 74c has a length over the anchor bolt 41 of the long side portions 40baa and 40bac, and extends along the arrangement of the anchor bolts 41. Each of the short side indicator members 74b and 74d has a length over the anchor bolt 41 of the short side portions 40bab and 40bad, and extends along the arrangement of the anchor bolts 41. The long side index members 74a and 74c and the short side index members 74b and 74d are connected to each other at the positions of the long screws 71b and the anchor bolts 41 at the four corners of the outer frame portion 40ba to form a substantially rectangular shape.

  In the present embodiment, five anchor bolts 41 are arranged in each of the long side portions 40baa and 40bac of the outer frame portion 40ba, and three anchor bolts 41 are arranged in each of the short side portions 40bab and 40bad of the outer frame portion 40ba. In total, twelve anchor bolts 41 are arranged. The five anchor bolts 41 of each of the long side portions 40baa and 40bac are arranged at positions facing each other. The three anchor bolts 41 of each of the short side portions 40bab and 40bad are arranged at positions facing each other.

  In the long side index members 74a and 74c, alignment holes 74e, which are five through holes, have the same arrangement and pitch as the arrangement and pitch of the five anchor bolts 41 in the long side portions 40baa and 40bac. Is formed. Each of the short side index members 74b and 74d has three alignment holes 74e which are three through holes with the same arrangement and pitch as the arrangement and pitch in which the three anchor bolts 41 should be arranged in the short side portions 40bab and 40bad. Is formed. Each alignment hole 74e is formed in a shape and size that match the cross section of the long screw 71b.

  Further, as best shown in FIG. 7, the long side index members 74a and 74c and the short side index members 74b and 74d are integrally formed with cylindrical guide portions 74f surrounding the respective alignment holes 74e. Has been. Each guide portion 74f is formed with a plate-like long side index member 74a or 74c or a short side index member 74b or 74d substantially perpendicular to the axis direction, and forms a cylindrical alignment hole 74e. To do. Further, each guide portion 74f has an axial length that forms an alignment hole 74e longer than the plate thickness of the long side index members 74a and 74c and the short side index members 74b and 74d. That is, each guide part 74f protrudes from the long side index members 74a and 74c and the short side index members 74b and 74d. Thereby, the male screw of the long screw 71b is prevented from being engaged with the first index member 74 in the alignment hole 74e. By making the axial length of the guide portion 74f larger than the pitch of the thread of the male screw of the long screw 71b, the guide portion 74f can effectively suppress meshing with the male screw of the long screw 71b.

  Each of the second indicator members 75 has a length that connects the anchor bolt 41 of the long side portion 40baa and the anchor bolt 41 of the long side portion 40bac in a direction that obliquely intersects the long side portions 40baa and 40bac. Further, in each second index member 75, an alignment hole 75a that is a through hole is formed at the same pitch as the pitch at which the two anchor bolts 41 connected by the second index member 75 are to be disposed. Each alignment hole 75a is formed in the shape and dimension which match the cross section of the long screw 71b.

  Further, as best shown in FIG. 7, each second indicator member 75 is integrally formed with a cylindrical guide portion 75b surrounding each alignment hole 75a. Each guide portion 75b is formed with a direction perpendicular to the plate-like second indicator member 75 as an axial direction, and forms a cylindrical alignment hole 75a. Further, each guide portion 75 b has an axial length that forms an alignment hole 75 a longer than the plate thickness of the second index member 75. Thereby, the male screw of the long screw 71b is prevented from being engaged with the second index member 75 in the alignment hole 75a. By making the axial length of the guide portion 75b larger than the thread pitch of the male screw of the long screw 71b, the guide portion 75b can effectively suppress meshing with the male screw of the long screw 71b.

  The rotation shaft 75c that supports the two second indicator members 75 so as to be pivotable is when the four alignment holes 75a of the two second indicator members 75 are arranged at the positions of the anchor bolts 41 corresponding thereto. It is located at the intersection of two possible second indicator members 75. The second indicator member 75 and the rotary shaft 75c are assembled together with the rotary shaft 75c as a pivot, thereby forming an indicator member assembly 76. When the alignment hole 75a at one end of each of the two second index members 75 is positioned, the index member assembly 76 automatically positions the other two alignment holes 75a. In the present embodiment, two index member assemblies 76 are used.

  The pitch of the two alignment holes 75a at both ends of the second indicator member 75 is such that the first anchor bolt 41 of the long side portion 40baa and the second side of the long side portion 40bac that is not located at the position facing the first anchor bolt 41. The pitch between the anchor bolt 41 and the anchor bolt 41 is the same. In the present embodiment, the second anchor bolt 41 is the anchor bolt 41 adjacent to the anchor bolt 41 of the long side portion 40bac at a position facing the first anchor bolt 41.

  Of the two indicator member assemblies 76, the positions of the four alignment holes 75a of the first indicator member assembly 76a are the positions of the two anchor bolts 41 at both ends of the short side portion 40bab, and the long side portions 40baa and 40bac. It can be aligned with the position of the two anchor bolts 41 in the center. Therefore, the first indicator member assembly 76a can indicate the two diagonal pitches between the four anchor bolts 41. Specifically, the first indicator member assembly 76a has two diagonal pitches of the four anchor bolts 41 arranged at four corners of a square area of about 180 cm × about 180 cm, which is an area of 1 tsubo. Index.

  Of the two indicator member assemblies 76, the positions of the four alignment holes 75a of the second indicator member assembly 76b are the positions of the two anchor bolts 41 at both ends of the short side portion 40bad, and the long side portions 40baa and 40bac. It can be aligned with the position of the two anchor bolts 41 in the center. Therefore, the second indicator member assembly 76b can indicate two diagonal pitches between the four anchor bolts 41. Specifically, the second indicator member assembly 76b has two diagonal pitches of the four anchor bolts 41 arranged at four corners of a square area of about 180 cm × about 180 cm, which is an area of 1 tsubo. Index.

  When the template 73 is assembled for placement on the mold 50, the long side index members 74a and 74c and the short side index members 74b and 74d are substantially aligned by aligning the alignment holes 74e at both ends. It is assembled into a rectangular shape. Further, the alignment holes 75a of the first index member assembly 76a and the second index member assembly 76b are aligned so as to overlap the alignment holes 74e at both ends and the center of the long side index members 74a and 74c. Thus, the arrangement shapes of the long side index members 74a and 74c and the short side index members 74b and 74d are automatically adjusted to a desired arrangement shape having a substantially rectangular shape. At this time, the alignment holes 75a of the first index member assembly 76a and the second index member assembly 76b overlap at the center alignment hole 74e of the long side index members 74a and 74c. In the desired arrangement shape, the positions of all the alignment holes 74e of the long side index members 74a and 74c and the short side index members 74b and 74d are aligned with the positions where all the anchor bolts 41 are to be arranged. To do.

  The first indicator member 74 and the second indicator member 75 assembled as described above are the long-side indicator members 74a and 74c and the short-side indicator members 74b and 74d that form the outer peripheral frame, and the braces are formed inside these. A skeleton-like frame is formed by the first indicator member assembly 76a and the second indicator member assembly 76b extending in the direction. In the above-described frame, two short side index members 74b and 74d may be used instead of the long side index members 74a and 74c. Further, an indicator member assembly 76 for indicating the position of the anchor bolt 41 having four corners of a square of about 180 cm × about 180 cm, a long side indicator member 74a for indicating the position of the anchor bolt 41 on a straight line of about 360 cm, and By using 74c in combination with the short-side index members 74b and 74d that index the position of the anchor bolt 41 on a straight line of about 180 cm, the foundation 40 of various planar shapes not limited to the planar shape of the present embodiment. It is possible to position the anchor bolt 41 that is disposed at the position. In particular, since the foundation 40 of the building unit 1 that is factory-produced by defining the planar dimensions has a certain planar shape, the positioning of the anchor bolt 41 using the template 73 as described above is efficient.

  When positioning the long screw 71b and the anchor bolt 41 using the template 73 having the above-described configuration, first, for example, one assembly of the long screw 71b and the anchor bolt 41 located at the corner of the foundation 40 is scaled. It is positioned and fixed with respect to the formwork 50 using a measuring instrument such as. The assembly of the long screw 71b and the anchor bolt 41 is composed of the long screw 71b and the anchor bolt 41 that are connected via a long nut 71a.

  Next, the template 73 in which the first index member 74 and the second index member 75 are assembled in a frame shape by aligning the alignment holes 74e and 75a is connected to the long screw 71b fixed to the mold 50. . Specifically, the template 73 is arranged on the mold 50 so that the long screw 71b is inserted into the alignment holes 74e and 75a at positions corresponding to the long screw 71b in the template 73. Furthermore, the template 73 is positioned with respect to the mold 50 by rotating the template 73 with the long screw 71b as a fulcrum. The assembly and positioning of the template 73 may be performed in parallel with the installation of the template 73 on the long screw 71b. That is, the first index member 74 and the second index member before assembly other than the first index member 74 and the second index member 75 that are installed on the long screw 71b without being assembled in a frame shape in advance. 75 may be assembled.

  Thereafter, the long screw 71b and the long screw 71b of the assembly of the anchor bolt 41 are inserted into the alignment holes 74e and 75a of the template 73, respectively, the axial direction of the long screw 71b is made substantially vertical, and the mold 50 is interposed via the gripping member 72. Fixed to. Thus, the long screw 71b and the anchor bolt 41 are easily positioned by the alignment holes 74e and 75a of the template 73. The foundation 40 is constructed by placing uncured concrete in a mold 50 assembled to match the shape of the foundation 40. The template 73 may be connected to the long screw 71 b or the anchor bolt 41 after placing uncured concrete in the mold 50.

[Effects, etc.]
As mentioned above, the construction method of the building unit 1 which concerns on embodiment is a construction method of the building unit 1 assembled beforehand except a construction place. In the above method, when constructing the foundation 40 on which the building unit 1 is placed at the construction site, the plurality of anchor bolts 41 inserted into the plurality of connection holes 15b below the building unit 1 correspond to the connection holes 15b. In the positioning of the plurality of anchor bolts 41, the template 73 having a position index corresponding to the plurality of connection holes 15b is used. Further, the template 73 includes a plurality of members that are connected to each other and assembled in a frame shape, and the plurality of members includes a plurality of first indicator members 74 that extend along the arrangement of the anchor bolts 41 in the foundation 40, and the above-described members. A second indicator member 75 extending in a direction intersecting the array and extending in a bracing manner between the plurality of first indicator members 74.

  In the above-described method, by using the template 73, positioning the plurality of anchor bolts 41 at positions corresponding to the plurality of connection holes 15b can be easily performed with high accuracy. In particular, in the template 73, the second indicator member 75 is connected to the plurality of first indicator members 74, whereby the relative positions of the connected first indicator members 74 can be determined and fixed. Further, since the second index member 75 extends in a bracing manner between the first index members 74 in a direction intersecting with the arrangement of the anchor bolts 41, the first index member 74 can be accurately positioned. Thereby, the assembled template 73 can hold | maintain the positional relationship of a some parameter | index accurately. And the building unit 1 is mounted on the foundation 40, inserting the anchor bolt 41 positioned as described above into the connection hole 15b. Therefore, it is possible to improve the accuracy of the installation position while facilitating the setting of the installation position of the building unit 1.

  In the construction method of the building unit 1 according to the embodiment, the template 73 includes a plurality of second indicator members 75, and the second indicator members 75 extending so as to intersect with each other are rotatably connected at the intersection. . In the above-described method, when one end of each of the two second indicator members 75 is positioned, the other end is automatically positioned. Therefore, the positioning of the plurality of second indicator members 75 is facilitated.

  In the construction method of the building unit 1 according to the embodiment, the detachable extension member 71 is connected to the anchor bolt 41, and the extension member 71 is connected to the alignment holes 74e and / or 75a formed in the template 73 as the index. Insert and align. In the above-described method, even when the anchor bolt 41 is short, the anchor bolt 41 can be positioned using the template 73 via the extension member 71. Positioning of the extension member 71 is easy because it can be performed simply by inserting the extension member 71 into the alignment holes 74e and / or 75a.

  Furthermore, in the construction method of the building unit 1 according to the embodiment, the extension member 71 includes a long screw 71b formed with a male screw and a long nut 71a into which the long screw 71b is screwed, and the extension member 71 and the anchor bolt 41, the male screw of the long screw 71b and the male screw formed on the anchor bolt 41 are screwed into both ends of the long nut 71a. In the above-described method, the extension member 71 and the anchor bolt 41 can be easily connected in a detachable manner. Further, the long screw 71b and the anchor bolt 41 that are screwed into the long nut 71a can have a large screwing length. Therefore, the long screw 71b and the anchor bolt 41 can be stably connected in a straight line while suppressing backlash and bending at the long nut 71a.

  In the construction method of the building unit 1 according to the embodiment, the foundation 40 is made of cast-in-place concrete, and the extension member 71 protrudes above the formwork 50 on which concrete is placed to form the foundation 40. Arrange. In the above-described method, the extension member 71 and the anchor bolt 41 can be positioned using the template 73 disposed above the mold 50.

  In the construction method of the building unit 1 according to the embodiment, the template 73 includes guide portions 74f and 75b that form the alignment holes 74e and 75a in a cylindrical shape. In the above-described method, the axial lengths of the alignment holes 74e and 75a are the same as the member thickness of the template 73, and the member thickness is equal to or less than the pitch of the male thread of the long screw 71b of the extension member 71. When the long screw 71b is inserted into the alignment holes 74e and 75a, the template 73 is easily caught by the male screw of the long screw 71b. Therefore, it becomes difficult to insert the long screw 71b into the alignment holes 74e and 75a. By making the alignment holes 74e and 75a cylindrical, it becomes easy to secure the axial lengths of the alignment holes 74e and 75a, so that it is possible to reduce the catch between the template 73 and the male screw of the long screw 71b. .

  In the construction method of the building unit 1 according to the embodiment, the first index members 74 or the first index members are aligned by aligning the alignment holes 74e and 75a of the first index member 74 and the second index member 75. The member 74 and the second indicator member 75 are connected, and the template 73 is assembled. In the above-described method, there is no need to separately provide an index for connecting the first index members 74 and the first index member 74 and the second index member 75. Further, each positioning is easy because the positioning holes 74e and 75a are used. Further, since the alignment holes 74e and 75a also serve as an index of the position of the anchor bolt 41, the assembly of the template 73 and the positioning of the anchor bolt 41 can be performed in parallel.

[Others]
While the present invention has been described based on the above embodiment, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment.
In the embodiment, an example in which two building units 1 are provided has been described. However, only one building unit 1 or three or more building units 1 may be provided.
In the embodiment, the example in which the two building units 1 respectively configure the first floor and the second floor of the building is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this. The building unit 1 may constitute an upper floor of three or more floors, or may constitute a basement such as the first basement floor.
In the embodiment, an example in which one or more building units 1 are formed by a wooden frame construction method has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a wooden frame wall construction method such as a 2 × 4 construction method or another construction method such as a steel frame construction may be used for the building unit 1. Therefore, the pillar material of the building unit 1 is not limited to wood, but may be a steel frame material. Further, the pillar material of the building unit 1 may be a part of the frame of the building unit 1.

In the embodiment, the outer wall is not constructed on the side surface of the building unit 1, but is not limited to this. When the side surface of the building unit 1 is an outer wall of the building, an outer wall such as a plate wall, a painted wall, or a tension wall may be applied. The construction of the outer wall may be performed in advance at the factory or may be performed at the construction site.
In the embodiment, the method for positioning the anchor bolt 41 on the foundation 40 of the building unit 1 using the template 73 has been described. However, this method uses the anchor bolt on the foundation of the building other than the place where the building unit 1 is arranged. You may apply when positioning.

In the embodiment, the positioning of the anchor bolt 41 using the template 73 is applied to the base 40 having the rectangular planar shape of the building unit 1, but is not limited to this, and the plane of the base 40 is not limited thereto. The shape may be any shape.
In the embodiment, the template 73 is used to position the anchor bolt 41 before placing the concrete of the foundation 40 made of on-site concrete. However, the present invention is not limited to this. A template 73 may be used for positioning the anchor bolt 41 on any foundation. For example, the template 73 may be used for positioning the drilling position when the anchor bolt 41 is installed in the foundation 40 made of concrete after hardening and the foundation 40 made of a material other than concrete. .

  In the embodiment, the template 73 is configured such that one of the two alignment holes 75a of the second index member 75 is aligned with the alignment hole 74e at the end of the first index member 74. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Both of the two alignment holes 75a of the second index member 75 may be configured to be aligned with the alignment holes 74e at the end of the first index member 74. The alignment hole 74e may not be aligned. Alternatively, the connecting portion between the first index member 74 and the second index member 75 may not be the alignment holes 74e and 75a. Further, the alignment hole 75a of the second index member 75 of the index member assembly 76 is aligned with the two adjacent alignment holes 74e across the one alignment hole 74e of the first index member 74. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The alignment hole 75a of the second index member 75 may be aligned with the two adjacent alignment holes 74e of the first index member 74, and the two positions adjacent to each other with the two or more alignment holes 74e interposed therebetween. You may align with the alignment hole 74e.

  In addition, it is realized by arbitrarily combining the components and functions in each embodiment without departing from the scope of the present invention, and forms obtained by making various modifications conceived by those skilled in the art to each embodiment. Forms are also included in the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Building unit 15b Connection hole 40 Foundation 41 Anchor bolt 50 Formwork 71 Extension member 71a Long nut 71b Long screw (shaft member)
73 Template 74 First indicator member (first member)
74e, 75a Positioning hole 74f, 75b Guide portion 75 Second indicator member (second member)

Claims (7)

A construction method for a building unit that is pre-assembled outside the construction site,
When constructing a foundation on which the building unit is placed at the construction site, a plurality of anchor bolts inserted into a plurality of connection holes below the building unit are positioned at positions corresponding to the connection holes. Installed on the foundation,
In the positioning of the plurality of anchor bolts, using a template having a position index corresponding to the plurality of connection holes,
The template includes a plurality of members that are connected to each other and assembled into a frame shape,
The plurality of members includes a plurality of first members extending along an array of the anchor bolts in the foundation, and extends in a direction intersecting the array and extends in a bracing manner between the plurality of first members. A construction method for a building unit including a second member. The template includes a plurality of the second members,
The construction method for a building unit according to claim 1, wherein the second members extending so as to intersect each other are rotatably connected at the intersection. Connecting an detachable extension member to the anchor bolt;
The construction method of the building unit according to claim 1, wherein the extension member is inserted into a positioning hole formed in the template as the index and aligned. The extension member includes a shaft member on which a male screw is formed, and a long nut to which the shaft member is screwed,
The construction method of the building unit according to claim 3, wherein in the connection of the extension member and the anchor bolt, a male screw of the shaft member and a male screw formed on the anchor bolt are screwed to both ends of the long nut. The foundation is made of cast-in-place concrete;
The construction method for a building unit according to claim 3, wherein the extension member is disposed so as to protrude upward from a formwork on which concrete is placed to form the foundation. The construction method of the building unit according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the template includes a guide portion that forms the alignment hole in a cylindrical shape. The first member and the second member, or the first member and the second member are connected by aligning the alignment holes of the first member and the second member, and the template is assembled. The construction method of the building unit as described in any one of 6.

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