JP2018013102A - Compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To absorb, while securing sealing properties between a compressing mechanism and refrigerant introduction piping, relative displacement thereof.SOLUTION: A compressor has: a compressing mechanism which compresses a gaseous refrigerant; a housing which houses the compressing mechanism; a bush 480 which is made of an elastic body having an outer peripheral surface pressed and fixed in a refrigerant introduction hole 474A of a muffler 470 consisting a part of the compressing mechanism; and refrigerant introduction piping 500 which has its tip part fitted slidably to an inner peripheral surface of the bush 480 slidably in an axial direction to seal it, and also has other parts except the tip part fixed to the housing to introduce a gaseous refrigerant in the compressing mechanism from external equipment. Then the bush 480 has a cylinder part 482 having a peripheral groove 482A formed to be pressed and fixed in the refrigerant introduction hole 474A, and a diameter reduction part 484 which gradually decreases in diameter outward from one end face thereof. Here, the inner diameter of the cylinder part 482 is larger than the outer diameter of the refrigerant introduction piping 500, and the inner diameter of a tip part of the diameter reduction part 484 is a little smaller than the outer diameter of the refrigerant introduction piping 500.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a compressor that compresses a compressible fluid.

  As described in JP 2012-255411 A (Patent Document 1), a compressor that realizes a refrigeration cycle is configured by housing a compression mechanism that compresses a gaseous refrigerant (gas refrigerant) in a housing. . The low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant that has passed through the evaporator is introduced into the refrigerant introduction hole of the compression mechanism via the refrigerant introduction pipe fixed to the housing. Here, the tip of the refrigerant introduction pipe is slidably fitted in the refrigerant introduction hole of the compression mechanism in the axial direction through a bush having an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the attachment part. It is sealed. Therefore, in the radial direction by an annular clearance (gap) formed between the mounting portion of the bush and the inner peripheral surface of the refrigerant introduction hole, and in the axial direction by sliding between the bush and the refrigerant introduction pipe, The relative displacement between the compression mechanism and the refrigerant introduction pipe due to the vibration of the compression mechanism can be absorbed.

JP 2012-255411 A

  By the way, as a method of reducing the vibration of the compressor, for example, it is conceivable to elastically support the compression mechanism on the housing via an elastic body such as rubber or a spring. In this case, since the elastic body is elastically deformed when the compressor is transported or operated, the relative displacement between the compression mechanism and the refrigerant introduction pipe increases, and the clearance provided between the bush mounting portion and the refrigerant introduction hole. Then, there is a possibility that these relative displacements cannot be absorbed. If the relative displacement between the compression mechanism and the refrigerant introduction pipe cannot be absorbed, a gap that is exposed to the outside is formed between the bush and the refrigerant introduction hole, and gas inside the housing enters from here, thereby reducing the efficiency of the refrigeration cycle. . In addition, the refrigerant introduction hole and the refrigerant introduction pipe may be damaged by the impact of the displacement prior to the stopper portion that restricts the maximum displacement provided in another part to protect the compression mechanism and the drive mechanism.

  Then, this invention aims at providing the compressor which can absorb these relative displacement, ensuring the sealing performance of a compression mechanism and refrigerant | coolant introduction piping.

  For this reason, the compressor includes a compression mechanism that compresses the compressive fluid, a housing that houses the compression mechanism, a bush made of an elastic body whose outer peripheral surface is press-fitted and fixed to a fluid introduction hole of the compression mechanism, A fluid introduction pipe for introducing and compressing a compressive fluid from an external device to the compression mechanism, with a tip portion slidably fitted and sealed on the peripheral surface in an axial direction, and other portions excluding the tip portion fixed to the housing; Have. The bush has a shape in which the inner diameter on the compression mechanism side is smaller than the outer diameter of the fluid introduction pipe and the inner diameter on the opposite side is larger than the outer diameter of the fluid introduction pipe.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to absorb these relative displacements while ensuring the sealing performance between the compression mechanism and the refrigerant introduction pipe.

It is sectional drawing which shows an example of a reciprocating compressor. It is sectional drawing which shows an example of the connection structure of the refrigerant | coolant introduction piping with respect to a muffler. It is explanatory drawing of the connection method of refrigerant | coolant introduction piping and a bush at the time of the assembly of a reciprocating compressor. It is sectional drawing which shows the 1st modification of the connection structure of the refrigerant | coolant introduction piping with respect to a muffler. It is sectional drawing which shows the 2nd modification of the connection structure of the refrigerant | coolant introduction piping with respect to a muffler.

Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 shows an example of a reciprocating compressor (reciprocating compressor).

  The reciprocating compressor 100 includes a housing 200 having a sealed space inside, a driving mechanism 300 that generates a rotational driving force, and a compression mechanism 400 that compresses a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant that has passed through an evaporator, which is an example of an external device. And having. Here, for example, HFC refrigerants R32 and R410A can be used as the refrigerant. Moreover, a refrigerant | coolant is mentioned as an example of a compressive fluid.

  The housing 200 includes an upper housing 220 whose bottom surface is open and a lower housing 240 whose top surface is open. The upper housing 220 and the lower housing 240 are integrated by, for example, MAG (Metal Active Gas) welding in a state where the open ends are joined to each other, and a sealed space is formed in the internal space. In the lower part of the lower housing 240, lubricating oil OIL for cooling and lubricating the drive mechanism 300 and the compression mechanism 400 is stored.

  A support plate 280 having a thin plate shape, which integrates the drive mechanism 300 and the compression mechanism 400, is disposed at a predetermined position in the sealed space of the housing 200. The drive mechanism 300 is attached to the upper surface of the support plate 280, and the compression mechanism 400 is attached to the lower surface of the support plate 280. The support plate 280 is elastically supported by the housing 200, specifically, the lower housing 240 via an elastic body (not shown) such as rubber or a spring. Therefore, the drive mechanism 300 and the compression mechanism 400 integrated via the support plate 280 are elastically supported by the housing 200 via the elastic body so that vibration generated when the compression mechanism 400 is conveyed or operated can be absorbed. It has become.

  The drive mechanism 300 uses, for example, the electric motor 320 as a drive source. The electric motor 320 includes a stator 322 fixed to the upper surface of the support plate 280 and a rotor 324 disposed so as to be rotatable relative to the stator 322. A rotor shaft 326 extending in the vertical direction at the center of the rotor 324 is rotatably supported with respect to a bearing member 340 fixed to the upper surface of the support plate 280.

  A lower end portion of the rotor shaft 326 projects downward from the lower surface of the support plate 280, and an eccentric portion 328 having a central axis that is eccentric by a predetermined distance with respect to the central axis is integrally formed. An oil hole 328A extending in the axial direction is formed inside the eccentric portion 328. The upper end portion of the oil supply pipe 330 is press-fitted and fixed to the lower end opening of the oil hole 328A, and the lower end portion is suspended to the lubricating oil OIL. The lower end portion of the oil supply pipe 330 is bent so as to be positioned in the vicinity of the rotation center of the rotor shaft 326.

  The upper part of the oil hole 328A extends upward from the eccentric part 328. The upper end portion of the oil hole 328 </ b> A communicates with the lower end portion of the oil groove 326 </ b> A formed in a spiral shape along the outer peripheral surface of the rotor shaft 326. The upper end portion of the oil groove 326 </ b> A is formed so as to open to the upper end surface of the rotor shaft 326.

  The compression mechanism 400 includes a cylinder block 410, a piston 420, a piston pin 430, a connecting rod 440, a valve plate 450, and a cylinder head 460.

  The cylinder block 410 is fixed to the lower surface of the support plate 280, and a cylinder bore 412 extending in parallel with the plate surface of the support plate 280 is formed. The piston 420 is fitted into the cylinder bore 412 of the cylinder block 410 so as to be able to reciprocate. The piston 420 is connected to an eccentric portion 328 of the drive mechanism 300 via a connecting rod 440 that is slidably fixed by a piston pin 430.

  A cylinder head 460 is fixed to the end face of the cylinder block 410 located on the crown side of the piston 420 via a valve plate 450. The valve plate 450 is provided with a suction valve and a discharge valve (not shown) made of, for example, a reed valve at predetermined positions facing the crown surface of the piston 420.

  Between the valve plate 450 and the cylinder head 460, a resin muffler 470 is provided that smoothes the pulsation of the gaseous refrigerant introduced into the compression mechanism 400 and reduces the intake noise. As shown in FIG. 2, the muffler 470 includes an upper lid member 472 whose lower surface opens and a lower lid member 474 whose upper surface opens. In the internal space formed by joining the upper lid member 472 and the lower lid member 474, a filter (not shown) that filters foreign matters mixed in the gaseous refrigerant is disposed.

  A refrigerant introduction hole 474A for introducing a low-temperature / low-pressure gas refrigerant is formed in the bottom wall of the lower lid member 474 and in the vicinity of one end in the longitudinal direction thereof. For example, a bush 480 made of an elastic material such as silicon rubber is press-fitted and fixed in the coolant introduction hole 474A. The bush 480 includes a cylindrical portion 482 having a cylindrical shape, and a reduced diameter portion 484 that gradually decreases in diameter as it moves away from one end portion in the axial direction of the cylindrical portion 482. A circumferential groove 482A having an outer diameter slightly larger than the inner diameter of the refrigerant introduction hole 474A is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 482. The circumferential groove 482A is fitted into the refrigerant introduction hole 474A, so that the bush 480 is muffled. 470 is press-fitted and fixed. Here, the refrigerant introduction hole 474A formed in the lower lid member 474 of the muffler 470 is an example of the fluid introduction hole.

  The width of the circumferential groove 482A of the bush 480 can be, for example, the same as or slightly smaller than the thickness of the bottom wall of the lower lid member 474. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 2, the cross section of the reduced diameter portion 484 is not limited to a curved shape, and may be a tapered shape (conical shape), for example.

  A base end portion or an intermediate portion of a metal refrigerant introduction pipe 500 that introduces a low-temperature / low-pressure gas refrigerant into the compression mechanism 400 is fixed to the peripheral wall of the lower housing 240. The refrigerant introduction pipe 500 has a substantially L-shape that extends inward along a horizontal plane with respect to the reciprocating compressor 100 and then bends and rises upward. As shown in FIG. 2, the front end portion of the refrigerant introduction pipe 500 penetrates the reduced diameter portion 484 of the bush 480 and protrudes upward. The refrigerant introduction pipe 500 is an example of the fluid introduction pipe.

  Here, the inner diameter of the cylindrical portion 482 of the bush 480 is φDb, the outer diameter of the tip of the refrigerant introduction pipe 500 is φDp, and the compression mechanism 400 and the refrigerant introduction pipe 500 that can be generated when the reciprocating compressor 100 is conveyed or operated. When the maximum relative displacement is X, the dimensions of each part are determined so that “φDb> φDp” and “(φDb−φDp) / 2> X”. Further, the inner diameter at the distal end portion of the reduced diameter portion 484 of the bush 480 is set to be slightly smaller than the outer diameter in order to ensure the sealing performance with the refrigerant introduction pipe 500. Note that the maximum relative displacement X may be a maximum displacement amount regulated by a separately provided stopper portion so that the compression mechanism and the drive mechanism are not damaged by the collision with the inner wall of the housing.

  Therefore, when the reciprocating compressor 100 is assembled, when the support plate 280 in which the drive mechanism 300 and the compression mechanism 400 are integrated is moved from the upper side to the lower side with respect to the lower housing 240 in which the refrigerant introduction pipe 500 is integrated. As shown in FIG. 3, the leading end portion of the refrigerant introduction pipe 500 enters the inner periphery of the cylindrical portion 482 of the bush 480. When the support plate 280 is further moved downward, the leading end portion of the refrigerant introduction pipe 500 penetrates the cylindrical portion 482 of the bush 480 and enters the reduced diameter portion 484 from the cylindrical portion 482. Then, the distal end portion of the refrigerant introduction pipe 500 protrudes upward while expanding the distal end portion of the reduced diameter portion 484. For this reason, the operation | work which connects the refrigerant | coolant introduction piping 500 to the muffler 470 becomes easy, For example, the man-hour required for the assembly operation of the reciprocating compressor 100 can be reduced.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, the bottom wall of the lower lid member 474 extends downward from the other end near the refrigerant introduction hole 474A across the filter. A cylindrical member 476 made of resin is integrally formed. The cylindrical member 476 is disposed between a concave portion 460A formed downward from the upper surface of the cylinder head 460 and the valve plate 450, and a lower end opening thereof is connected to the cylinder block 410 via the intake valve of the valve plate 450. It communicates with the compression chamber.

  On the other hand, the cylinder head 460 is formed with a refrigerant discharge hole 460 </ b> B that communicates with the compression chamber via the discharge valve of the valve plate 450. Connected to the refrigerant discharge hole 460B is a tip end portion of a metal refrigerant outlet pipe 520 that guides the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant compressed by the compression mechanism 400 to the condenser. In addition, a base end portion or an intermediate portion of the refrigerant outlet pipe 520 is fixed to the lower housing 240 of the housing 200.

  Here, the refrigerant outlet pipe 520 is fixed to the refrigerant discharge hole 460B of the cylinder head 460 and the lower housing 240 by, for example, brazing in order to derive a high-temperature / high-pressure gaseous refrigerant. Then, the refrigerant outlet pipe 520 is made flexible, for example, as a shape having a plurality of bent portions so as to absorb the relative displacement between the compression mechanism 400 and the lower housing 240. Further, for example, a muffler that reduces the discharge sound of the gaseous refrigerant discharged from the compression mechanism 400 can be disposed in the intermediate portion of the refrigerant outlet pipe 520.

  Note that the connection between the refrigerant outlet pipe 520 and the refrigerant discharge hole 460B of the cylinder head 460 is not limited to brazing, and can be performed via, for example, a bush press-fitted and fixed to the refrigerant discharge hole 460B. In this case, the bush may have the same shape as the refrigerant introduction pipe 500. Further, if the refrigerant outlet pipe 520 has a substantially L shape similar to that of the refrigerant inlet pipe 500 and the refrigerant discharge hole 460B is formed on the lower surface of the cylinder head 460, the refrigerant outlet pipe 520 and the compression mechanism 400 can be connected to each other. Connection can be facilitated.

Next, the operation of the reciprocating compressor 100 will be described.
When the electric motor 320 of the drive mechanism 300 operates, the rotor shaft 326 integrated with the rotor 324 rotates, and the eccentric portion 328 integrated with the lower end portion revolves around the rotor shaft 326. The revolution movement of the eccentric portion 328 is transmitted to the piston 420 via the connecting rod 440, and reciprocates the piston 420. In FIG. 1, when the piston 420 moves to the right, the volume of the compression chamber increases, so that a suction negative pressure is generated and the suction valve is opened. Low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant is sucked into the compression chamber.

  When the piston 420 moves to the left, the volume of the compression chamber decreases, so that the compressed and high-temperature / high-pressure gas refrigerant is discharged from the discharge valve and passes through the refrigerant discharge hole 460B and the refrigerant outlet pipe 520. Then, it is led out to a condenser (not shown). In this way, the low-temperature / low-pressure gas refrigerant is compressed into the high-temperature / high-pressure gas refrigerant and supplied to the condenser that realizes the refrigeration cycle.

  Further, the lubricating oil OIL stored in the lower portion of the lower housing 240 is sucked from the distal end portion of the oil supply pipe 330 by the centrifugal force generated in the oil supply pipe 330 and the spiral oil groove 326 </ b> A that is bent along with the revolution of the eccentric part 328. Then, the oil is scattered upward from the upper surface of the rotor shaft 326 through the oil hole 328A and the oil groove 326A. After the lubricating oil OIL hits the ceiling surface of the upper housing 220 and then flows radially to the peripheral part, a part of the lubricating oil drops as oil droplets and adheres to each constituent member located below, It is returned to the lower part of the lower housing 240. By such circulation of the lubricating oil OIL, each part is lubricated and cooled.

  When the reciprocating compressor 100 is transported or when the reciprocating compressor 100 is operated, the drive mechanism 300 and the compression mechanism 400 are elastically supported with respect to the housing 200, so that the refrigerant introduction pipe fixed to the lower housing 240. Large relative displacement is likely to occur between 500 and the refrigerant introduction hole 474A of the muffler 470. When the muffler 470 integrated with the compression mechanism 400 vibrates in the vertical direction with respect to the housing 200, the refrigerant introduction pipe 500 slides in the vertical direction with respect to the reduced diameter portion 484 of the bush 480, or the reduced diameter portion 484. Can be elastically deformed in the vertical direction to absorb the relative displacement. Further, when the muffler 470 vibrates in the lateral direction with respect to the housing 200, the reduced diameter portion 484 of the bush 480 is elastically deformed in the lateral direction, and the relative displacement can be absorbed. Here, by determining the dimensions of the respective parts of the bush 480 according to the above-described conditions, even if the refrigerant introduction pipe 500 and the muffler 470 are maximum relative displaced, this can be absorbed. For this reason, these relative displacements can be absorbed, ensuring the sealing performance of the compression mechanism 400 and the refrigerant introduction pipe 500.

  Furthermore, since the tip of the refrigerant introduction pipe 500 protrudes upward from the reduced diameter portion 484 of the bush 480 made of silicon rubber, the edge of the tip of the refrigerant introduction pipe 500 does not contact the bush 480. Therefore, it is possible to suppress abnormal wear and cracking of the silicon rubber bushing 480, which have excellent heat resistance but poor tear strength.

  When the bush 480 is made of a material having excellent tear strength, the tip of the refrigerant introduction pipe 500 may contact the inner peripheral surface of the reduced diameter portion 484 as shown in FIG. In this case, the diameter-reduced portion 484 of the bush 480 can be integrated with a cylindrical portion 484A having the same diameter at the tip of the reduced-diameter portion 484 to ensure the sealing performance with the refrigerant introduction pipe 500.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5, an annular convex portion 484 </ b> B that protrudes inward from the inner peripheral surface of the reduced diameter portion 484 of the bush 480 may be formed. In this way, the convex portion 484B is pressed against the refrigerant introduction pipe 500 by utilizing the elasticity of the bush 480, so that the surface pressure increases, and the sealing performance between the bush 480 and the refrigerant introduction pipe 500 is further increased. Can be improved. In this case, since the edge of the front end portion of the refrigerant introduction pipe 500 does not contact the bush 480, it is not necessary to project it above the reduced diameter portion 484.

  In the embodiment described above, the reciprocating compressor 100 is assumed as the compressor, but a scroll compressor, a swash plate compressor, a rotary piston compressor, a slide vane compressor, or the like may be used.

100 reciprocating compressor (compressor)
200 Housing 400 Compression mechanism 474A Refrigerant introduction hole (fluid introduction hole)
480 Bush 482 Cylindrical part 484 Reduced diameter part 484B Convex part 500 Refrigerant introduction pipe (fluid introduction pipe)

Claims (6)

A compression mechanism for compressing the compressive fluid; a housing for accommodating the compression mechanism;
A bush made of an elastic body whose outer peripheral surface is press-fitted and fixed to the fluid introduction hole of the compression mechanism;
The front end of the bush is fitted and sealed to the inner peripheral surface of the bush so as to be slidable in the axial direction, and other parts excluding the front end are fixed to the housing, and a compressive fluid is introduced from the external device to the compression mechanism. Fluid inlet piping
Have
The bush has a shape in which the inner diameter on the compression mechanism side is smaller than the outer diameter of the fluid introduction pipe, and the inner diameter on the opposite side is larger than the outer diameter of the fluid introduction pipe.
A compressor characterized by that. The bush has a shape that gradually decreases in diameter as the compression mechanism side approaches the end,
The compressor according to claim 1. The tip of the fluid introduction pipe protrudes from the end of the bush toward the compression mechanism in a state where the tip of the fluid introduction pipe is fitted to the inner peripheral surface of the bush.
The compressor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the above-mentioned. On the inner peripheral surface of the end portion of the bush on the compression mechanism side, an annular convex portion protruding in the inner diameter direction is formed.
The compressor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the above-mentioned. The compression mechanism is elastically supported via an elastic body with respect to the housing.
The compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the compressor is provided. The bush is made of silicon rubber.
The compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the compressor is provided.