JP2017224019A - Method for drawing figure, drawing device, and simulator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for drawing a figure that can provide a natural video while suppressing the amount of processing for drawing an image.SOLUTION: A method for drawing a figure includes: determining the number of pixels used when a drawing figure drawn as a three-dimensional figure is displayed as a two-dimensional figure, when the number of pixels is equal to or larger than a predetermined threshold, displays the drawing figure as the three-dimensional figure, and when the number of pixels is smaller than the predetermined threshold, displays the drawing figure as the two-dimensional figure.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

  The present invention relates to a drawing method, a drawing apparatus, and a simulator.

  Conventionally, a three-dimensional figure is generated and displayed using a drawing apparatus.

  With higher performance of computing devices, it has become possible to draw a three-dimensional figure at high speed, and generating and displaying a real image is used as a video expression.

  Such a 3D graphics drawing technique is used as a simulator, a movie, or a video of a game, so that an effect full of realism is obtained.

  However, in order to generate a large number of three-dimensional figures included in one frame at the same time, a large calculation capability is required. Therefore, if the processing capability of the calculation device is insufficient, an image dropout or a human figure operation may occur. There is a case where a sticking occurs.

  For example, in Patent Document 1, when a predetermined event occurs in a video in which a plurality of human figures are drawn as two-dimensional figures, a figure in a range in which the predetermined event affects the figure is switched to a three-dimensional figure. Propose to do.

  In this way, in Patent Document 1, an image is drawn within the range of the processing capability of the arithmetic device so as to prevent the frame dropping of the image or the movement of the human figure from occurring.

JP 2012-113642 A

  In the method of Patent Document 1, when an event occurs, a plurality of person figures in a predetermined range change from a two-dimensional figure to a three-dimensional figure at a time. There is a risk.

  This specification makes it a subject to propose the method, drawing apparatus, and simulator which draw the figure from which a natural image | video is obtained, suppressing the processing amount for drawing an image.

  According to the method disclosed in the present specification, the number of pixels used when a drawing figure drawn as a three-dimensional figure is displayed as a two-dimensional figure is obtained, and when the number of pixels is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold, The drawing figure is displayed as a three-dimensional figure, and when the number of pixels is smaller than a predetermined threshold, the drawing figure is displayed as a two-dimensional figure.

  Further, according to the drawing device disclosed in the present specification, the number of pixels used when a drawing figure drawn as a three-dimensional figure is displayed as a two-dimensional figure is obtained, and the number of pixels is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value. A process for generating display information for displaying the drawing graphic as a three-dimensional graphic, and generating display information for displaying the drawing graphic as a two-dimensional graphic when the number of pixels is smaller than a predetermined threshold value. A part.

  Furthermore, according to the simulator disclosed in the present embodiment, the number of pixels used when a drawing figure drawn as a three-dimensional figure is displayed as a two-dimensional figure is obtained, and when the number of pixels is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value. A processing unit that generates display information for displaying the drawing graphic as a three-dimensional graphic, and generates display information for displaying the drawing graphic as a two-dimensional graphic when the number of pixels is smaller than a predetermined threshold value. And an image generation unit including a display unit that displays an image generated by the image generation unit.

  According to the method disclosed in the present specification described above, a natural video can be obtained while suppressing the processing amount for drawing an image.

  Moreover, according to the drawing apparatus disclosed in the present specification described above, a natural video can be obtained while suppressing a processing amount for drawing an image.

  Furthermore, according to the simulator disclosed in the present specification described above, a natural simulated view image can be obtained while suppressing the processing amount for drawing an image.

1 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of a drawing system disclosed in the present specification. It is a figure which shows one image produced | generated by the system of this embodiment. It is a flowchart explaining the process which produces | generates the three-dimensional display information and two-dimensional display information for displaying a figure. (A) shows a figure of a stationary person, (B) shows a figure of a walking person, and (C) shows a figure of a running person. is there. It is a flowchart explaining operation | movement of a drawing system. (A) shows a person figure at the reference position, (B) is a diagram showing a state in which each person's two-dimensional figure is drawn on the memory, and (C) shows each two-dimensional figure. It is a figure explaining calculating | requiring the number of pixels. It is a flowchart explaining the process of step S502.

  Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the system disclosed in the present specification will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, but extends to the invention described in the claims and equivalents thereof.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating one embodiment of a system disclosed in this specification.

  The system 1 of the present embodiment generates and displays an image including a three-dimensional figure using a three-dimensional graphics technique. The generated images are continuously displayed to form a 3D graphics image. The system 1 can be used, for example, to generate a simulated view image such as a railway simulator.

  The system 1 includes a control device 20, a drawing device 10, and a display device 30.

  Based on a predetermined video scenario, the control device 20 outputs a drawing command for instructing a graphic to be drawn to the drawing device 10 for each frame forming the video.

  The drawing device 10 generates an image in which each figure is drawn for each frame in accordance with a drawing command input from the control device 20 and outputs the image to the display device 30. The display device 30 displays the image input from the drawing device 10.

  The processing unit 11 includes one or a plurality of processors and peripheral circuits. The processing unit 11 controls each hardware component of the drawing apparatus 10 and performs various processes according to a predetermined program stored in advance in the storage unit 12, and stores the data generated during the processing temporarily. Part 12 is used.

  The storage unit 12 may include a semiconductor memory such as a random access memory (RAM) or a read only memory (ROM), or a nonvolatile memory such as a magnetic disk or a flash memory. The storage unit 12 may be connected to a drive that can read a storage medium that stores a predetermined program. The storage unit 12 includes a graphic memory 12 a that stores display information to be displayed on the display device 30.

  The display unit 13 can display various types of information under the control of the processing unit 11. For example, a liquid crystal display can be used as the display unit 13. Note that the drawing apparatus 10 does not have to include the display unit 13.

  The operation unit 14 is operated by an administrator of the system 1 and can input operation information. The drawing apparatus 10 may not have the operation unit 14.

  The communication unit 15 performs communication between the control device 20 and the display device 30.

  The drawing apparatus 10 can be formed using, for example, a computer having a graphics processing unit (GPU), a state machine, or the like.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an image generated by the system.

  The image shown in FIG. 2 shows a simulated image of a platform at a railway station, and includes a railway vehicle figure, a home figure, and a large number of person figures. The figure of the railway vehicle and the figure of the home are drawn as three-dimensional figures. The human figure includes a figure drawn as a three-dimensional figure and a figure drawn as a two-dimensional figure. The three-dimensional figure is formed by a plurality of polygons, and the two-dimensional figure is formed by embedding a predetermined texture inside the contour.

  In the system 1, a human figure that is arranged in the back of the simulated image and is displayed in the image as a two-dimensional figure is drawn as a two-dimensional figure, thereby reducing the processing capability for drawing the image and reducing the natural image. Draw a figure that yields

  Hereinafter, the operation of the system 1 will be further described below.

  The drawing device 10 generates a three-dimensional figure such as a human figure based on graphic information for drawing the three-dimensional figure. In the system 1, all graphic information such as a human figure to be drawn is stored in the storage unit 12 of the drawing apparatus 10. The graphic information may be input together with a drawing command from the control device 20, or the graphic information of a predetermined graphic such as a human graphic that is frequently drawn is stored in the storage unit 12 of the drawing device 10. You may do it.

  The graphic information includes, for example, the coordinates of each vertex, the function of each side, and texture information for generating each polygon that forms a three-dimensional graphic.

  The drawing device 10 may generate display information for displaying a three-dimensional figure such as a human figure on the display device 30 for each drawing command from the control device 20, but in the system 1, the drawing frequency is high. For a predetermined figure such as a person figure, three-dimensional display information for display as a three-dimensional figure at a reference position is generated in advance. For these figures in which the three-dimensional display information is generated in advance, every time a drawing command is input from the control device 20, a predetermined calculation is performed based on the three-dimensional display information at the reference position generated in advance. By obtaining display information for writing to the graphic memory 12a, a three-dimensional figure can be drawn quickly.

  As the 3D display information for displaying the 3D figure at the reference position, the 3D display information is generated with a height of 180 cm for the human figure. The three-dimensional display information of the human figure is adjusted in dimensions based on the perspective relationship depending on the position where the human figure is arranged in accordance with a drawing command from the control device 20, and display information for writing to the graphic memory 12a is obtained by calculation. .

  Further, the drawing apparatus 10 generates two-dimensional display information for displaying as a two-dimensional figure at a reference position based on the three-dimensional display information for a predetermined figure such as a human figure that is frequently drawn. Is done in advance. For these figures in which the two-dimensional display information is generated in advance, every time a drawing command is input from the control device 20, a predetermined calculation is performed based on the two-dimensional display information at the reference position generated in advance. By obtaining display information for writing to the graphic memory 12a, a two-dimensional figure can be drawn quickly.

  Next, a process in which the drawing apparatus 10 generates the three-dimensional display information at the reference position and the two-dimensional display information at the reference position based on the reference position will be described below with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.

  First, in step S301, the processing unit 11 of the drawing apparatus 10 displays a three-dimensional graphic for displaying a three-dimensional graphic at a reference position based on graphic information for drawing a three-dimensional graphic with respect to a human graphic. Generate information.

  A human figure is formed by a plurality of polygons. Each polygon is generated based on graphic information and has a predetermined shape and texture.

  The drawing apparatus 10 generates three-dimensional display information of human figures in three postures: a stationary posture, a walking posture, and a running posture as a human figure that is frequently drawn.

  The drawing device 10 generates 3D display information of a human figure in a plurality of different directions with respect to a stationary posture. In addition, the drawing device 10 generates three-dimensional display information of human figures in a plurality of different walking states in each of a plurality of different directions with respect to the walking posture. Similarly, the drawing apparatus 10 generates three-dimensional display information of human figures in a plurality of different running states in each of a plurality of different directions facing the running posture. The drawing device 10 generates three-dimensional display information of a plurality of different directions, a plurality of different walking states, and a plurality of different running states for all the figures that may be instructed as a drawing command from the control device 20. To do.

  The generated three-dimensional display information of the human figure at the reference position of each posture is stored in the storage unit 12.

  Next, in step S302, the processing unit 11 of the drawing apparatus 10 generates two-dimensional display information for displaying a human figure as a two-dimensional figure at a reference position based on the generated three-dimensional display information.

  Here, the two-dimensional display information is generated for a representative state among the three-dimensional display information of the human figure generated in step S301.

  For a stationary posture, the processing unit 11 of the drawing apparatus 10 generates, for example, two-dimensional display information of a human figure that faces eight directions as shown in FIG. In each direction, a predetermined number of still human figure frames having different time series are generated. Based on the two-dimensional display information of the human figure in a stationary posture, the processing unit 11 obtains the outline of the two-dimensional figure at the reference position, and stands still by embedding a predetermined texture inside the outline. Two-dimensional display information of posture is generated. The predetermined number of different stationary states are specified by the frame number and direction of the stationary posture.

  As illustrated in FIG. 4B, the processing unit 11 of the drawing apparatus 10 generates three-dimensional display information of a predetermined number of human figures in different walking states as illustrated in FIG. 4B. As the walking state of the generated two-dimensional display information, one having a large change amount of the human figure is selected. Based on the three-dimensional display information of the human figure in the posture of walking, the processing unit 11 obtains the outline of the two-dimensional figure at the reference position and embeds a predetermined texture inside the outline to walk. Two-dimensional display information of a human figure in a posture is generated. A predetermined number of different walking states are designated by the frame number and direction of the posture in which they are walking.

  Similarly, the processing unit 11 of the drawing apparatus 10 generates three-dimensional display information of human figures in a predetermined number of different running states as shown in FIG. 4C with respect to the running posture. As the running state of the generated three-dimensional display information, the one having a large change amount of the human figure is selected. Based on the 3D display information of the human figure in the running posture, the processing unit 11 obtains the outline of the two-dimensional figure at the reference position, and runs by embedding a predetermined texture inside the outline. Two-dimensional display information of a human figure in a posture is generated. A predetermined number of different running states are specified by the frame number and direction of the running posture.

  The generated two-dimensional display information of the human figure at the reference position of each posture is stored in the storage unit 12.

  Next, an operation in which the drawing apparatus 10 generates an image based on a drawing command will be described below with reference to a flowchart shown in FIG.

  First, in step S501, the drawing apparatus 10 receives a drawing command for a figure to be drawn for each frame from the control apparatus 20. Here, it is assumed that the control device 20 instructs the drawing device 10 to draw a command for drawing three human figures shown in FIG. 6A as a drawing command. The drawing command includes a position in a three-dimensional space for drawing a human figure, a posture of the human figure, a frame number, and a direction.

  In the example shown in FIG. 6A, the drawing command includes the figure figure F1 in the predetermined direction of the third frame of the walking posture and the posture of the stationary figure as the posture, frame number, and direction of the figure. The figure includes a figure F2 in a predetermined direction of the fifth frame and a figure F3 in a predetermined direction of the seventh frame in a running posture. The drawing command may include a command for drawing other graphics.

  Next, in step S502, the processing unit 11 of the drawing apparatus 10 determines whether to display each person figure as a three-dimensional figure or a two-dimensional figure.

  The processing in step S502 will be described below with reference to the flowchart illustrated in FIG.

  First, in step S701, the processing unit 11 of the drawing apparatus 10 draws each person figure to be drawn as a two-dimensional figure on a predetermined memory area based on the two-dimensional display information at the reference position.

  In response to a drawing command for drawing the third figure of the figure F1 in the walking posture, the processing unit 11 sends, from the storage unit 12, two-dimensional display information at the reference position of the figure that best matches the drawing command. read out. This is because the number of two-dimensional display information at the reference position generated in advance does not correspond to all drawing commands. Then, the processing unit 11 calculates a dimension when the human figure F1 is arranged at a position in the three-dimensional space for drawing the human figure F1 based on the read two-dimensional display information at the reference position, and writes it into the memory. Generate dimension display information. Here, it is preferable from the viewpoint of improving the processing speed that the two-dimensional display information has only the information of the outline of the two-dimensional figure and does not have the texture information. As will be described later, this process is for obtaining the number of pixels used when the human figure F1 is displayed as a two-dimensional figure, and it is only necessary to draw an outline. Therefore, the processing unit 11 generates two-dimensional display information for displaying only the outline for the human figure F1. This also applies to the processing for the human figures F2 and F3.

  Further, the processing unit 11 reads, from the storage unit 12, the two-dimensional display information at the reference position that most closely matches the drawing command with respect to the drawing command for drawing the fifth-frame human figure F2 in a stationary posture. Then, the dimensions when the figure figure F2 is arranged at the position of the three-dimensional space for drawing are calculated to generate two-dimensional display information for writing to the memory.

  Further, the processing unit 11 reads, from the storage unit 12, the two-dimensional display information at the reference position that most closely matches the drawing command with respect to the drawing command for drawing the seventh figure of the figure F3 in the running posture. Then, the dimensions when the figure F3 is arranged at the position of the three-dimensional space for drawing are calculated to generate two-dimensional display information for writing to the memory.

  Then, the processing unit 11 performs a predetermined operation such as concealment processing on the three two-dimensional display information to be written in the memory generated as described above, and writes the two-dimensional figure into the memory. Draw as an outline.

  FIG. 6B is a diagram showing a state in which the two-dimensional figure of each person is drawn on the memory.

  A region D1 representing an outline corresponding to the person figure F1 is positioned closest to the front and has a large dimension. Next, the area D2 representing the contour corresponding to the person figure F2 has a large dimension, and the area D3 representing the outline corresponding to the person figure F3 has the smallest dimension.

  Next, in step S <b> 702, the processing unit 11 obtains the number of pixels used when the human figures F <b> 1 to F <b> 3 are displayed as two-dimensional figures based on the dimensions of the areas D <b> 1 to D <b> 3.

  FIG. 6C is a diagram for explaining the determination of the number of pixels of each two-dimensional figure.

  The processing unit 11 obtains the number of pixels included in the outline of the area for each of the areas D1 to D3. These numbers of pixels are the number of pixels used when the person figures F1 to F3 are displayed as two-dimensional figures. In FIG. 6C, a label “1” is arranged for the pixels included in the region D1. Similarly, a label “2” is arranged for the pixels included in the area D2, and a label “3” is arranged for the pixels included in the area D3. The processing unit 11 obtains the number of pixels where the label “1” is arranged, and sets the number of pixels used when the human figure F1 is displayed as a two-dimensional figure. Similarly, the processing unit 11 obtains the number of pixels on which the label “2” is arranged and sets the number of pixels to be used when the human figure F2 is displayed as a two-dimensional figure, and the label “3” is arranged. And the number of pixels used when the figure F3 is displayed as a two-dimensional figure.

  Next, in step S703, when the number of pixels in each of the areas D1 to D3 is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold Th, the processing unit 11 determines to display the corresponding human figure F1 to F3 as a three-dimensional figure. When the number of pixels D1 to D3 is smaller than the predetermined threshold Th, it is determined to display the corresponding human figure F1 to F3 as a two-dimensional figure.

  In the example shown in FIG. 6C, it is determined that the person figure F1 corresponding to the area D1 is displayed as a three-dimensional figure, and the person figures F2 and F3 corresponding to the areas D2 and D3 are displayed as two-dimensional figures. It was decided to do.

  The predetermined threshold Th is preferably set as appropriate based on the processing speed of the drawing device 10 or the content of the drawing command (number of figures, etc.) input from the control device 20.

  Then, the process proceeds to step S503.

  Next, in step S503, the processing unit 11 generates display information of each of the person figures F1 to F3 and writes it in the graphic memory 12a. Specifically, for the human figure F1, the processing unit 11 draws the human figure F1 in the three-dimensional space for drawing the human figure F1 based on the three-dimensional display information at the reference position of the human figure F1 that has been generated in advance. The dimension when arranged at the position is calculated, and three-dimensional display information for writing to the graphic memory 12a is generated.

  Further, the processing unit 11 arranges the human figure F2 at a position in the three-dimensional space for drawing the human figure F2 based on the two-dimensional display information at the reference position of the human figure F2 that has been generated in advance. In this case, the dimensions are calculated to generate two-dimensional display information for writing to the graphic memory 12a.

  Similarly, with respect to the human figure F3, the processing unit 11 takes a position in the three-dimensional space where the human figure F3 is drawn based on the two-dimensional display information at the reference position of the human figure F3 that has been generated in advance. The dimensions when arranged are calculated to generate two-dimensional display information for writing to the graphic memory 12a.

  Then, the processing unit 11 performs predetermined calculation such as concealment processing on the three-dimensional display information and the two-dimensional display information of the three person figures F1 to be written in the graphic memory 12a generated as described above. After that, the image is written into the graphic memory 12a to draw an image as one frame.

  Next, in step S504, the processing unit 11 outputs display information of the graphic memory 12a to the display device 30 to display an image.

  The process determined in step S502 described above is performed for each frame. Therefore, a human figure displayed as a three-dimensional figure in the previous frame may be displayed as a two-dimensional figure in the next frame. Similarly, a human figure that was displayed as a two-dimensional figure in the previous frame may be displayed as a three-dimensional figure in the next frame.

  Here, since the figure of a human figure displayed as a two-dimensional figure has a small number of pixels used for drawing, even if a change occurs between the two-dimensional display and the three-dimensional display, the influence on the entire image is not affected. small.

  When there is a next frame drawing command from the control device 20, the drawing apparatus 10 repeats the above-described processes of S501 to S504.

  According to the system 1 of the present embodiment described above, a natural video can be obtained while suppressing the processing capability for drawing an image including a three-dimensional figure.

  In the present invention, the drawing method and drawing apparatus of the above-described embodiment can be modified as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

  For example, in the above-described embodiment, the decision to display as a three-dimensional figure or a two-dimensional figure has been made on a human figure, but the decision to display as a three-dimensional figure or a two-dimensional figure is drawn in the image. It can be applied to some or all of the graphics.

  In the above-described embodiment, the processing unit realizes the process of generating an image by executing a program. However, the operation of the processing unit may be realized using hardware such as an electronic circuit. Good.

  The drawing apparatus described above is preferably used by being incorporated in a simulator. For example, a simulator such as a railway simulator including a simulated visual field display device including an image generation unit including the above-described drawing device and a display unit that displays an image generated by the image generation unit may be used.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 System 10 Drawing apparatus 11 Processing part 12 Storage part 12a Graphic memory 13 Display part 14 Operation part 15 Communication part

Claims (6)

Obtain the number of pixels used when a drawing figure drawn as a three-dimensional figure is displayed as a two-dimensional figure,
When the number of pixels is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold, the drawing figure is displayed as a three-dimensional figure,
A method of displaying the drawing figure as a two-dimensional figure when the number of pixels is smaller than a predetermined threshold. Generates three-dimensional display information for displaying the drawing figure as a three-dimensional figure, and generates two-dimensional display information for displaying the drawing figure as a two-dimensional figure based on the three-dimensional display information. To do in advance,
The method according to claim 1, wherein the number of pixels used when the drawing graphic is displayed as a two-dimensional graphic is determined based on the two-dimensional display information generated in advance. When the number of pixels is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold, based on the three-dimensional display information generated in advance, the drawing figure is displayed as a three-dimensional figure,
The method according to claim 2, wherein when the number of pixels is smaller than a predetermined threshold, the drawing graphic is displayed as a two-dimensional graphic based on the two-dimensional display information generated in advance.   Based on the two-dimensional display information, the number of pixels included in the contour when the drawing graphic is displayed as the two-dimensional graphic is obtained as the number of pixels used when the two-dimensional graphic is displayed. The method according to claim 2 or 3. Obtain the number of pixels used when a drawing figure drawn as a three-dimensional figure is displayed as a two-dimensional figure,
When the number of pixels is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold, display information for displaying the drawing figure as a three-dimensional figure is generated,
A drawing apparatus comprising a processing unit that generates display information for displaying the drawing figure as a two-dimensional figure when the number of pixels is smaller than a predetermined threshold. Obtain the number of pixels used when a drawing figure drawn as a three-dimensional figure is displayed as a two-dimensional figure,
When the number of pixels is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold, display information for displaying the drawing figure as a three-dimensional figure is generated,
When the number of pixels is smaller than a predetermined threshold, an image generation unit including a processing unit that generates display information for displaying the drawing graphic as a two-dimensional graphic;
A display unit for displaying an image generated by the image generation unit;
A simulator comprising