JP2017212031A - Heating electrode device and electric heating panel - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a heating electrode device having higher convenience in defrosting or defogging.SOLUTION: The heating electrode device heats a panel by energization and includes a plurality of heating conductors which are filaments. In the heating conductors, at least one heating conductor has a relatively higher resistance value per unit length in a portion thereof than in other portions.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

  The present invention relates to a heating electrode device including a heating conductor that generates heat by Joule heat when energized, and an energizing heating panel using the heating electrode device.

  Conventionally, as described in Patent Documents 1 to 3, glass windows of vehicles such as automobiles, railways, airplanes, and ships, and glass windows of buildings are heated by energization, and the glass windows are frozen or There is technology to eliminate cloudiness. Such a glass window comprises a heating electrode device between two glass plates. The heating electrode device has a pair of bus bar electrodes arranged apart from each other, and a plurality of filament heating conductors arranged so as to pass between the pair of bus bar electrodes. By connecting a power source to the heating conductor, the heating conductor can be energized, and the heating window can be heated to heat the glass window.

JP-A-8-72674 JP-A-9-207718 JP 2013-56811 A

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a heating electrode device that is more convenient in removing frost and cloudiness. An energization heating panel having the heating electrode device is also provided.

  The present invention will be described below. Here, for ease of understanding, reference numerals in the drawings are added, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

  The invention according to claim 1 is a heating electrode device (20) for energizing and heating the panel, comprising a plurality of heating conductors (22) which are filaments, wherein the heating conductor is at least one heating conductor. (22b) is a heating electrode device in which a resistance value per unit length is relatively higher than that of other parts.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the heating electrode device (20) according to the first aspect, the pitch of the plurality of heat generating conductors (22) is P, and the one surface in the thickness direction of the heat generating conductor is in a plan view. when the surface area of the S _B per length _0.01m, the surface area per length 0.01m in plan view of the other surface on the opposite side of the one surface was S _T,
0.5mm ≦ P ≦ 5.00mm
0 μm ² <S _B −S _T ≦ 30000 μm ²
It is.

According to a third aspect of the invention, the heating electrode device of claim 2 (20), heating conductor (22), in a cross section perpendicular to the extending direction, W the amount of S _B side of the side _B and then, when the magnitude of S _T side edge was W _T,
W _B > W _T ,
3 μm ≦ W _B ≦ 15 μm, and 1 μm ≦ W _T ≦ 12 μm.

  Invention of Claim 4 has a transparent base material layer (24) in the heating electrode apparatus (20) in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 3, and a heat generating conductor (22) is a base material layer. The one surface of the heat generating conductor is in contact with the surface of the base material layer.

  The invention according to claim 5 includes a transparent first panel (11), a transparent second panel (15) arranged with a distance from the first panel, a first panel and a second panel. A heating electrode device (20) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is disposed at an interval between the heating electrode device (20) and the energization heating panel (10).

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, in a heating electrode apparatus and an electrically-heating panel using the same, the frost and cloudiness of a desired site | part can be advanced faster than another site | part, and the convenience can be improved.

FIG. 1A is a plan view illustrating an energization heating panel 10 according to one embodiment, FIG. 1B is an enlarged view of a heating conductor 22L which is one example of the heating conductor 22, and FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a heat generating conductor 22M which is another example of the conductor 22. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a layer configuration of the energization heating panel 10. FIG. 3 is a perspective view illustrating a heating electrode device 20. FIG. FIG. 4A is a diagram illustrating the heat generating conductor 22a, and FIG. 4B is a diagram illustrating the heat generating conductor 22b. It is a figure explaining the form of the section of exothermic conductor. FIG. 6A to FIG. 6D are diagrams illustrating a method for manufacturing the energization heating panel 10.

  The above-described operation and gain of the present invention will be clarified from the embodiments described below. The present invention will be described below based on embodiments shown in the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to these forms. In addition, each member appearing in the drawings may be expressed by exaggerating the size or shape from the viewpoint of easy understanding.

FIG. 1A is a diagram for explaining one embodiment, and is a conceptual diagram in plan view of the energizing heating panel 10. FIG. 1B is an enlarged view of a portion indicated by Ia in FIG. 1A, and an enlarged view of a heating conductor 22L which is one example of the heating conductor 22. FIG. FIG. 1C is an enlarged view of a portion indicated by Ia in FIG. 1A, and an enlarged view of a heating conductor 22M which is another example of the heating conductor 22. FIG.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II shown in FIG. 1, and is a view for explaining the layer structure in the thickness direction of the energizing heating panel 10.
Such an energization heating panel 10 is provided in an automobile as a windshield of an automobile, for example. In addition, it can be used as a window having a so-called glass window, and examples thereof include windows of vehicles such as the automobiles, railways, airplanes, and ships, and windows of buildings.

  As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2, the energization heating panel 10 is plate-like as a whole, and a plurality of layers are laminated in the thickness direction (Z-axis direction shown in FIGS. 1 and 2). More specifically, the energization heating panel 10 of this embodiment includes a first panel 11, an adhesive layer 12, a heating electrode device 20, an adhesive layer 14, and a second panel 15 as shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. Has been. Each will be described below.

The first panel 11 and the second panel 15 are translucent, ie, transparent plate-like members, and are arranged substantially in parallel with an interval between plate surfaces arranged to face each other. Yes. This is a so-called double panel structure. In this case, the plate surfaces are two opposing planes parallel to the XY plane among the surfaces of the first panel 11 and the second panel 15 in FIG. A part of the heating electrode device 20 is disposed between the first panel 11 and the second panel 15 and integrated with the adhesive layers 12 and 14.
The 1st panel 11 and the 2nd panel 15 can be comprised with plate glass. For this, the same plate glass as that used for windows normally provided in facilities (for example, vehicles and buildings) to which the current heating panel 10 is applied can be used. Examples include soda lime glass (blue plate glass), borosilicate glass (white plate glass), quartz glass, soda glass, potassium glass and the like, normal plate glass, float plate glass, tempered plate glass, and partial plate glass. Moreover, you may have a curved part in a three-dimensional curved surface as needed.
However, it is not necessarily a glass plate, and may be a resin plate made of a resin such as an acrylic resin or a polycarbonate resin. However, it is preferably a plate glass from the viewpoint of weather resistance, heat resistance, transparency and the like.
The thicknesses of the first panel 11 and the second panel 15 are not particularly limited, but are generally 1.5 mm or more and 5 mm or less.

The adhesive layer 12 is a layer made of an adhesive laminated on the surface of the first panel 11 on the second panel 15 side, and bonds the base material layer 24 and the first panel 11 together. Although it does not specifically limit as an adhesive agent, Polyvinyl butyral resin can be used from viewpoints, such as adhesiveness, a weather resistance, and heat resistance.
The thickness of the adhesive layer 12 is not particularly limited, but is generally 0.2 mm or more and 1.0 mm or less.

The heating electrode device 20 generates heat when energized and heats the energizing heating panel 10. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a part of the heating electrode device 20.
As can be seen from FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, in this embodiment, the heating electrode device 20 includes a bus bar electrode 21, a heating conductor 22, a power connection wiring 23, and a base material layer 24. For convenience, the base material layer 24 will be described first.

  The base material layer 24 is a layer that functions as a base material for the bus bar electrode 21 and the heat generating conductor 22 in which the bus bar electrode 21 and the heat generating conductor 22 are arranged on one surface of the heating electrode device 20. The base material layer 24 is a transparent plate-like member and is formed of a resin. Any resin may be used as the resin for forming the base layer 24 as long as it transmits a wavelength in the visible light wavelength band (380 nm to 780 nm), but a thermoplastic resin can be preferably used. Examples of the thermoplastic resin include polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, and amorphous polyethylene terephthalate (A-PET), polyolefin resins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polymethylpentene, and cyclic polyolefin, and acrylic resins such as polymethyl methacrylate. And cellulose resins such as triacetyl cellulose (cellulose triacetate), polycarbonate resins, styrene resins such as polystyrene and acrylonitrile-styrene copolymers, and polyvinyl chloride. In particular, acrylic resin and polyvinyl chloride are preferable because they are excellent in etching resistance, weather resistance, and light resistance. The thickness of the base material layer 24 is generally 20 μm or more and 300 μm or less. The resin layer constituting the base material layer 24 is uniaxially or biaxially stretched as necessary.

In this embodiment, the bus bar electrode 21 is formed of a first bus bar electrode 21a and a second bus bar electrode 21b. The first bus bar electrode 21a and the second bus bar electrode 21b each have a strip shape extending in one direction (X-axis direction in FIG. 1), and the first bus bar electrode 21a and the second bus bar electrode 21b are spaced in the same direction. It is arrange | positioned so that it may extend to (substantially parallel).
A known form can be applied to the first bus bar electrode 21a and the second bus bar electrode 21b, and the width of the strip-like electrode is generally 3 mm or more and 15 mm or less.

The heating conductor 22 is arranged to extend in a direction (Y-axis direction in FIG. 1) intersecting both the bus bar electrodes 21a and 21b so as to pass the first bus bar electrode 21a and the second bus bar electrode 21b. The first bus bar electrode 21 a and the second bus bar electrode 21 b are electrically connected by the heat generating conductor 22. The heating conductor 22 generates heat when energized.
A plurality of such heat generating conductors 22 are arranged in the longitudinal direction (X-axis direction in FIG. 1) of the first bus bar electrode 21a and the second bus bar electrode 21b.

  In the present invention, at least two kinds of heat generating conductors are provided, if necessary, more kinds. Here, an example in which two types of heating conductors 22a and 22b are provided as one form thereof will be described. As can be seen from FIG. 1, in the present embodiment, the plurality of heating conductors 22 are configured to have a plurality of heating conductors 22a and a plurality of heating conductors 22b. 4A and 4B are diagrams for explaining the difference between the heat generating conductor 22a and the heat generating conductor 22b. 4A shows the heat generating conductor 22a, and FIG. 4B shows the heat generating conductor 22b.

  The heating conductor 22a has a uniform resistance value per unit length of r (Ω / m) between the two bus bar electrodes 21a and 21b, and if the length is L (m), the total Is set to r · L = R (Ω).

On the other hand, the resistance value per unit length of the heat generating conductor 22b is changed between the two bus bar electrodes 21a and 21b. That is, as can be seen from FIG. 4B, the resistance values per unit length are r ₁ (Ω / m), r ₂ (Ω / m), r ₃ (from the bus bar electrode 21a side to the bus bar electrode 21b side. Ω / m) and the resistance value is different in the three sections. Since each length is L ₁ (m), L ₂ (m), and L ₃ (m), the resistance value in each section is r ₁ · L ₁ = R ₁ (Ω), r ₂ · L ₂ = R ₂ (Ω), r ₃ · L ₃ = R ₃ (Ω).

In the present invention, the resistance value per unit length is increased compared to the other sections for the section 22c where it is desired to quickly remove frost and cloudiness. In this embodiment, the resistance value r ₂ (Ω / m) per unit length is set higher than the other resistance values r ₁ (Ω / m) and r ₃ (Ω / m). That is,
r ₂ > r ₁ , r ₃
It is. Thereby, in the site | part with the said large resistance value, the emitted-heat amount becomes large compared with another site | part, and frost and cloudiness can be removed faster.

Here, the total resistance value of R ₁ , R ₂ and R ₃ is preferably the same as R. Thereby, the frost and cloudiness of the area 22c desired effectively can be removed. Moreover, the balance of the performance as a whole heating electrode apparatus can also be kept favorable.

In this embodiment, as can be seen from FIG. 1A, the heating conductor 22b is applied in the range indicated by Ic. And thereby FIGS. 1 (a) are the resistance of the r ₂ in a region indicated by Id, since the interval 22c where the frost or haze is quickly removed from the heating value is increased.

The position of such a region can be set as necessary. This includes, for example, the front part of the driver's seat of the vehicle. According to this, a driver | operator's visual field can be ensured quickly and it becomes possible to start a driving | operation early.
And the site | part which forms such an area | region does not need to be one place, You may provide two or more as needed.

  In addition, the specific means for increasing the resistance value per unit length for forming the section 22c is not particularly limited. For example, the line 22c may be narrowed in the section 22c. And a method of increasing the length or changing the material. As will be described later, when the heat generating conductor is formed by etching, it is difficult to change the material. Therefore, it is preferable to make the filaments thin or make the wave pitch fine and long.

Furthermore, it is preferable that the heat conductors 22a and 22b have the following shapes in cross section. FIG. 5 shows an enlarged view of the portion indicated by V in FIG.
The heating conductors 22a and 22b have a surface area of 0.01 m in length when the surface of one side of the heating conductors 22a and 22b (base material layer 24 in this embodiment) is viewed in the thickness direction of the heating electrode device 20 as S. _B, when the surface area S _T per length 0.01m viewed from above the surface opposite,
0 μm ² <S _B −S _T ≦ 30000 μm ²
Is established. Here, the “length” refers to the distance between one end and the other end of the extending heat generating conductor 22. More preferably,
0 μm ² <S _B −S _T ≦ 15000 μm ²
It is.
According to this, when the heating conductors 22a and 22b are produced with a width that is not visually recognized, the cross-sectional area can be increased, and a high output can be obtained. Although it is ideal if a rectangle (rectangular shape) can be produced, it is difficult to produce by etching from the viewpoint of so-called side edge properties.

It is more preferable to configure the following configuration in other parts while satisfying the above range. Reference numerals for explanation are given in FIG.
The distance B between adjacent heating conductors 22a and 22b, indicated by B in FIG. 5, is preferably 0.5 mm or more and 5.00 mm or less. More preferably, it is 1.0 mm or more, More preferably, it is 1.25 mm or more.
Further, when in the cross section, the length of the sides of the S _B side (width) W _B, and the length of the side of the S _T side thereof which is opposite (width) and W _T,
W _B > W _T ,
3 μm ≦ W _B ≦ 15 μm, and 1 μm ≦ W _T ≦ 12 μm
Is preferably satisfied.
In addition, this cross section is a surface cut so as to be the minimum cross section at the site. Further, in the case where irregularities are formed on the surface of the heat generating conductor 22, a cross section of the minimum area including the irregularities is considered.
The thickness H of the heat generating conductors 22a and 22b is preferably 5 μm or more and 30 μm or less.

  Further, the pitch P between the heat generating conductors 22a and 22b and the adjacent heat generating conductors 22a and 22b is preferably 0.5 mm or more and 5.00 mm or less. When the pitch P is smaller than 0.5 mm, the plurality of heat generating conductors 22a and 22b are densely arranged and easily visible. Preferably it is 1.0 mm or more, More preferably, it is 1.25 mm or more. On the other hand, if the pitch P is larger than 5.00 mm, the uniform heating performance may be deteriorated.

  Etching metal such as tungsten, molybdenum, nickel, chromium, copper, silver, platinum, aluminum or nickel-chromium alloy containing these metals, bronze, brass, etc. as the conductor material constituting the heat generating conductors 22a, 22b A belt-like member formed by pattern formation can be mentioned.

  In this embodiment, the heat generating conductors 22a and 22b are composed of linear stripes and formed in a parallel straight line group as shown by reference numeral 22L in the enlarged view of the heat generating conductor 22 shown in FIG. In addition, in the enlarged illustration of the heat generating conductor 22 shown in FIG. 1C, it may be formed in a strip shape and a wavy line as indicated by reference numeral 22M.

As can be seen from FIG. 1A, the power supply connection wiring 23 is a wiring for connecting the power supply 40 between the first bus bar electrode 21a and the second bus bar electrode 21b. The power source 40 is not particularly limited as long as it can supply power necessary for dissolving or evaporating water droplets (cloudy), frozen (frost), and the like, and has a known voltage, current, or frequency. However, when the energization heating panel 10 is applied to an automobile, a battery such as an existing lead storage battery or lithium ion storage battery installed in the automobile can be used as the DC power supply. . At this time, for example, the second bus bar electrode 21b can be connected to the positive electrode of the battery, and the first bus bar electrode 21a can be connected to the negative electrode. Of course, a dedicated power source (battery, generator, etc.) may be used separately. In the case of a railway vehicle powered by an electric motor, direct current or alternating current power fed from an overhead line can be converted into an appropriate voltage and current for use.
A known configuration may be applied to such a power supply connection wiring 23.

  The adhesive layer 14 is a layer that adheres the base panel layer 24 including the bus bar electrode 21 and the heat conductor 22 and the second panel 15. The adhesive layer 14 can have the same configuration as the adhesive layer 12.

  With each configuration as described above, the energization heating panel 10 is formed as follows. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the adhesive layer 12 is laminated on one surface of the first panel 11, and the base material layer 24 is laminated on the first panel 11 via the adhesive layer 12. Moreover, the heat generating conductor 22 is arrange | positioned at the surface on the opposite side to the side in which the contact bonding layer 12 is arrange | positioned among the base material layers 24. FIG. The second panel 15 is disposed on the side of the heating electrode device 20 opposite to the side on which the base material layer 24 is disposed, but the space between the base material layer 24 and the heating conductor 22 and the second panel 15 is filled. Thus, the adhesive layer 14 is disposed. Thereby, the second panel 15 is laminated on the heating electrode device 20.

  Such a heating electrode device 20 and the energization heating panel 10 including the heating electrode device 20 can be manufactured as follows, for example. FIGS. 6A to 6D are diagrams for explanation.

First, as shown to Fig.6 (a), the laminated body which bonded and laminated | stacked metal foil 22 'on the base material layer 24 which consists of a resin film via an adhesive bond layer is manufactured.
Next, as shown in FIG. 6B, a photosensitive resist layer 80 is applied and formed on the metal foil 22 ′ of the laminate.

Next, a light-shielding pattern based on a desired pattern, for example, a plan view pattern of the heating electrode device 20 including the heating conductors 22 and the bus bar electrodes 21a and 21b in a parallel arrangement pattern of strip-like straight lines as shown in FIG. A photomask having is prepared. Then, the photomask is placed in close contact with the photosensitive resist layer 80. Then, UV exposure is performed through the photomask, and after removing the photomask, the unexposed photosensitive resist layer is dissolved and removed by a known development process to match the desired pattern 80a as shown in FIG. 6C. A resist pattern layer 80 'having a shape is formed on the metal foil 22'.
Here, in FIG. 6C, the position and size of the heat generating conductor 22 to be formed are indicated by a broken line and light ink for reference. As can be seen from FIG. 6C, in this example, the distance from the edge of the resist pattern 80a formed in the resist pattern layer 80 ′ to the edge of the heat generating conductor 22 to be formed is C. ing. The C is preferably 5 μm or more and 30 μm or less. Thereby, the heat generating conductor 22 having the above-described configuration can be obtained by etching.

  Next, the laminate is etched (corrosion) from the resist pattern layer 80 'with a corrosive solution, and the resist pattern layer 80' metal foil 22 'is removed by corrosion as shown in FIG. Then, the resist pattern layer is dissolved and removed (defilming). Thus, a laminated member in which the heat generating conductors 22 and the bus bar electrodes 21a and 21b having a predetermined pattern of the plan view shape of FIG. 1A and the cross-sectional shape of FIG. 2 are formed on the base material layer 24 is manufactured.

Next, the laminated member composed of the first panel 11, the adhesive layer 12, and the heating electrode device 20, the adhesive layer 14, and the second panel 15 are stacked in this order, and these multiple layers are bonded and laminated.
Through the above steps, the energization heating panel 10 shown in the plan view of FIG. 1A and the cross-sectional view of FIG. 2 is manufactured.

  According to the electric heating panel 10 described above, a heat generating conductor whose cross-sectional shape is close to a rectangle can be obtained by etching, compared to the heat generating conductor having a trapezoidal cross section with a large difference between the upper base and the lower base. It is possible to increase the thickness and to increase the cross-sectional area while keeping the size of.

The energization heating panel 10 is used and operates as follows, for example. Here, a case where the energization heating panel 10 is applied to a front panel of an automobile will be described as an example.
That is, in the embodiment of FIG. 1, the energization heating panel 10 is disposed at the position of the front panel of the automobile. At this time, the power source 40 is connected to the power source connection wiring 23 via the switch 50 and the bus bar electrode. The heat generating conductor 22 can be caused to generate heat through 21. In the present embodiment, an existing battery is used as the power source 40 in the automobile. When the switch 50 is closed, a current is supplied from the power supply 40. Since the heat generating conductor 22 heats the first panel 11 and the second panel 12 due to the generation of Joule heat, the temperature of the energizing heating panel 10 functioning as a front panel rises, and freezing and clouding are eliminated. In the present invention, the resistance value is increased in the region indicated by Id in the heating conductor 22b as described above, and frost and cloudiness can be removed faster in this region than in other regions.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Current heating panel 11 First panel 12 Adhesive layer 14 Adhesive layer 15 Second panel 20 Heating electrode device 21 Busbar electrode 22 Heating conductor 22a Heating conductor 22b Heating conductor 24 Base material layer 40 Power supply

Claims (5)

A heating electrode device for energizing and heating the panel,
A plurality of heating conductors with filaments,
The heating electrode device is a heating electrode device in which at least one of the heating conductors has a relatively high resistance value per unit length in a part of the heating conductor as compared with other portions. The pitch of the plurality of heating conductors is P, the surface area per length of 0.01 m in plan view of one surface in the thickness direction of the heating conductor is S _B , and the other surface opposite to the one surface when the surface area per length 0.01m in plan view of an _{S T,}
0.5mm ≦ P ≦ 5.00mm
0 μm ² <S _B −S _T ≦ 30000 μm ²
The heating electrode device according to claim 1, wherein The heating conductor, in a cross section perpendicular to the extending direction, the magnitude of the S _B side edges and W _B, when the magnitude of the S _T side edge was W _T,
W _B > W _T ,
The heating electrode device according to claim 2, wherein 3 μm ≦ W _B ≦ 15 μm and 1 μm ≦ W _T ≦ 12 μm. Having a transparent substrate layer,
The heat generating conductor is disposed on one surface of the base material layer, and the one surface of the heat generating conductor is in contact with the surface of the base material layer. Heating electrode device. A transparent first panel,
A transparent second panel disposed at a distance from the first panel;
An energizing heating panel comprising: the heating electrode device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 disposed at the interval between the first panel and the second panel.

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