JP2016532022A - Fixing device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

In a fixing device for a ski lift structure (2), in particular an aerial cableway ski lift foundation, comprising a block (3) designed to support the structure (2), the block ( 3) a securing means (6) configured to receive the structure (2), a metal cage (7) comprising a housing (11) for receiving the securing means (6), and a metal cage (7 ) And a flexible formwork that holds the concrete casting inside the metal cage (7).

Description

  The present invention relates to the fixing of ski lift structures, in particular aerial cableway ski lift foundations such as drag lifts, chair lifts or gondola lifts, and more particularly to the fixing of ski lift cable towers.

  Currently, the construction of ski lift structures such as boarding terminals, disembarkation terminals, or cable towers is generally long and complex. In addition, since construction takes place outdoors, safety requirements governing work at heights, requirements associated with assembly and adjustment of various elements, and severe weather conditions that can delay assembly of the structure, especially during winter. Subject to external constraints. In general, the assembly of a structure constitutes a foundation with one or more concrete anchoring devices that are excavated and designed to support the structure. When the structure is a terminal, it is particularly equipped with a drive wheel of a traction cable for transporting the carrier. If the structure is a cable tower, it comprises a tower body on which the pulley assembly is supported, among other components.

  Reference may also be made to French patent application FR 2255200 which discloses a chair lift terminal comprising a metal skeleton on which the drive wheels are suspended. The metal skeleton includes two triangular pillars each having two iron legs assembled in an inverted V shape. The base of the leg is fixed to a fixed base made of a concrete block. The concrete fixing device is placed at the terminal assembly site by a wooden absorbent formwork. In addition, it is necessary to place a concrete slab called “abandoned concrete” that constitutes the fixing device in advance. However, concrete slabs and fixing devices need to be allowed to dry for a fairly long time (at least 7 days), which slows the terminal construction speed. In addition, drying is greatly affected by weather conditions, further slowing the terminal assembly process.

  In particular, in the case of a cable tower fixing device configuration, the surface of the fixing device designed to receive the tower body is non-zero relative to the ground so that the direction of the overhead cableway can be changed by the inclination of the tower. It may be inclined with a gradient. However, when constructing such a fixing device having an inclined surface by placing concrete on site, it is difficult to quickly obtain the required inclination.

  In addition, certain overhead cableway lift structures may be assembled at sites that are difficult to access, such as when the site is far from the road or the site is steep. For example, the cable towers of such lifts are built on slopes that can be up to 45%, and most of the disembarkation terminals are on top of the ski slopes and are not accessible by truck. Therefore, after various elements required for the configuration of the fixing device are transported, the fixing device needs to be assembled in the field.

  One object of the present invention is to alleviate the above-mentioned drawbacks, in particular of a ski lift structure that is transportable and easy to assemble on site while being sufficiently robust and complying with the required safety standards. It is to provide a fixing device for a foundation.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide a cable tower for a ski lift provided with such a fixing device.

  Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a method for fixing the foundation of a ski lift structure that can be performed quickly.

  According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fixing device for a ski lift structure, in particular an aerial cableway ski lift foundation, comprising a block designed to support the structure. The

Block
A securing means configured to receive the structure;
A metal cage comprising a housing and receiving a securing means;
A flexible formwork assembled around the side of the metal cage and holding the concrete casting inside the metal cage;
Is provided.

  This provides a fixing device that can be easily transported, especially with a helicopter. In fact, the block is transportable and maintains the integrity of the securing means, metal cage, and flexible formwork. Thus, the blocks may be transported in the form of a single assembly of elements secured together. Such a fixing device is quickly assembled on site. In addition, the blocks may be manufactured in the factory, so that the block manufacturing steps are not affected by harsh weather conditions. Furthermore, by increasing the accuracy of the production of the fixing device, it is possible to guarantee an increase in the robustness of the ski lift. Furthermore, such a block makes it possible to provide a fixing device that can be transported more easily from the manufacturing plant to the assembly site of the ski lift structure.

  The flexible form can be provided with a plastic coating.

  The flexible formwork can comprise at least one honeycomb plate.

  The flexible formwork can further comprise a metal mesh.

  The flexible formwork may be placed outside the metal cage.

  The metal cage may comprise a first surface provided with a housing for receiving the fixing means, and a second surface opposite to the first surface, the first surface being the second surface. However, it may be tilted with a non-zero gradient.

  Thereby, the fixing device which inclines the said structure by having the inclined surface where the inclination angle was considered is provided. Therefore, such a fixing device can be standardized and meet the various requirements of a ski lift installer.

  According to another characteristic of the invention, a cable tower for a ski lift comprising at least one fixing device as defined above is proposed.

  According to another aspect of the invention, a method of fixing a ski lift structure, in particular an aerial cableway ski lift foundation, comprising a block designed to support the structure is proposed. Is done.

This method
A metal cage with a housing is made,
A securing means configured to receive the structure is assembled to the housing of the metal cage;
A flexible formwork is assembled around the sides of the metal cage to hold the concrete casting in the metal cage,
A block manufacturing step.

  The step of assembling the flexible form can comprise the placement of the flexible form on the outside of the metal cage.

  The step of producing the metal cage is a first surface of the metal cage provided with a housing for receiving the fixing means, and inclined with a non-zero gradient with respect to the second surface opposite to the first surface. The first surface can be manufactured.

  The method may comprise a transport step of the block that maintains the integrity of the securing means, the metal cage, and the flexible form after the block is manufactured.

  The method may further comprise the steps of assembling the block performed on the base of the foundation and placing concrete inside the metal cage of the block.

  The method may further comprise adjusting the slope of the first surface after the block assembly step is performed.

  The slope of the block may be fine-tuned on site before the concrete is cast.

  Other advantages and features will be more clearly apparent from the following description of specific embodiments and embodiments of the invention, given by way of non-limiting illustration only and depicted in the accompanying drawings. Let's go.

It is the side view which showed typically one Embodiment of the fixing device based on this invention. It is the top view which showed the block of the fixing device of FIG. 1 typically. It is the figure which showed typically one Embodiment of fixation of the fixing means with respect to a metal cage. It is the side view which showed typically another embodiment of the fixing device based on this invention. It is the figure which showed typically one Embodiment of fixation of the flexible formwork with respect to a metal cage. It is the top view which showed the block typically based on another embodiment. It is the figure which showed typically the main step of the fixing method based on this invention. It is the figure which showed typically the main step of the fixing method based on this invention. It is the figure which showed typically the main step of the fixing method based on this invention. It is the figure which showed typically the main step of the fixing method based on this invention. It is the figure which showed typically the main step of the fixing method based on this invention.

  1 and 2 schematically show a ski lift structure 2, in particular, a fixing device 1 for an aerial cableway ski lift foundation. The structure 2 may be a terminal tower that supports a terminal support, for example, an upper structure of the terminal. For example, the structure 2 may be a cable tower as shown in FIG. The cable tower is typically provided with a pulley assembly (not shown here for simplicity) and supports an aerial cableway for a ski lift to which a transport vehicle is attached. The fixing device 1 comprises a block 3 designed to support a structure 2. The fixation device 1 can include a base portion 4. The base 4 is designed to receive the block 3 and improve the stability of the fixation device 1. In particular, the base 4 may be placed directly on the ground, preferably the bottom of a hole excavated in the ground. Conveniently, the base 4 is made of concrete and lies on a concrete slab 5.

  The block 3 comprises fixing means 6, a metal cage 7, and a flexible form 8 (not drawn in FIGS. 1 and 2 for the sake of simplicity). The flexible form 8 is shown in FIGS. 4, 5, and 7-9.

  The securing means 6 is configured to receive the ski lift structure 2. In other words, the fixing means 6 mechanically fixes the structure 2 to the block 3. The fixing means 6 can comprise a plurality of fixing rods 9. The fixing rod 9 makes it possible to fix the body of the tower 2 to the block 3. For example, the fixed rods 9 are arranged in a circular shape and are kept parallel to each other by at least one hollow disk 10. The fixing rod 9 and the hollow disk (s) 10 are preferably composed of metal.

  The metal cage 7 is made of a cross-shaped metal rod, for example, steel, copper or iron. The cage 7 comprises a housing 11 and receives the fixing means 6. Generally, the cage 7 has a hexahedral shape and includes six surfaces 12 to 17. In particular, the cage 7 is in the form of a straight prism. For example, the cage 7 has two parallel facing surfaces 14, 16 that are right trapezoids. In general, the cage 7 includes a first surface 12 provided with a housing 11 for receiving the fixing means 6, a second surface 13 opposite to the first surface 12, and 4 bonded thereto. Side surfaces 14-17.

  Furthermore, the cage 7 can include support belts 18 to 20 made of angle bars or T-shaped metal bars. The cage 7 preferably comprises at least two support belts 18, 19 designed to secure the securing means 6 to the cage 7. The angle bars 18-20 are preferably welded to the metal rod of the cage 7. According to one embodiment, the cage 7 has a first support belt 18 positioned at one end of the cage around the first surface 12, and parallel to the first belt 18, at a substantially intermediate height of the cage 7. A second support belt 19 positioned at the same position and a third belt 20 positioned at the other end of the cage 7 around the second surface 13 are provided. In particular, the third belt 20 allows a good installation of the block 3 on the base 4. The first and second support belts 18 and 19 include a horizontal bar 21 to which the fixing rod 9 of the fixing means 6 is fixed. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the fixed rod 9 is fixed to the horizontal bar 21 by a fixing flange 22 and two bolts 23 that block-fix the fixed rod 9 to the horizontal bar 21. Also good. Thus, the first end of the series of fixed rods 9 is fixed to the first belt 18. In order to strengthen the fixing of the fixing means 6 to the cage 7, another fixing flange may also be used to fix the other end of the fixing rod 9 of this assembly to the second support belt 19. For example, the fixing means 6 are fixed by eight fixing flanges 22, four cooperate with the first support belt 18 and the other four cooperate with the second support belt 19.

  In particular, the metal cage 7 is manufactured such that the first surface 12 is inclined with respect to the second surface 13 with a non-zero gradient. For example, this slope may be included in 5% to 35%. In particular, this slope can be made equal to 5%, 20%, or 35% to provide various standardized blocks whose slope is adjusted at the factory. The manufacturing of the block 3 in the factory allows the design of the metal structure of the block 3 to be considered, so that a high-quality fixing device compared to a fixed block that is made in the field and subject to external constraints 1 is provided.

  Furthermore, the block 3 of the proposed fixing device 1 is designed to be composed of concrete. Since concrete is preferably cast on site, a block 3 that may be transportable is proposed. According to the invention, the block 3 is transportable and maintains the integrity of the fixing means 6, the metal cage 7 and the flexible form 8. For example, the block can have a weight comprised between 900 Kg and 3500 Kg. The weight of the block 3 is preferentially included in 900 kg to 1000 kg so that it can be easily transported by helicopter.

In FIG. 4, an embodiment of the flexible mold 8 is depicted. The flexible form 8 is particularly light and deformable compared to the wooden form used in the prior art. Furthermore, the flexible mold 8 can be deformed so that it can be disposed on the circumference of the side surfaces 14 to 17 of the metal cage 7, and at the same time, the strength for holding the concrete casting in the cage 7. It is. The flexible form 8 can be provided with a plastic coating 24, preferably a thermoplastic coating 24 made of polyethylene. Such a coating 24 contains mainly carbon and hydrogen and is not toxic or harmful to groundwater. Such formwork is approximately 3 Kg / ^{m 2} of the area density (i.e., mass per unit area) is further having, it is commonly used to mold contained in 3.5~11Kg / ^{m 2} Lower than the area density of wood.

More specifically, the flexible mold 8 may be composed of a copolymer-based material including polypropylene and polyethylene. This material is strong enough to hold the cast concrete and at the same time has deformation properties that are easily folded and cut. This copolymer material can have an area density comprised between 250 and 2000 g / m ² , but in this case it is particularly lightweight.

  For example, the coating 24 can comprise two films 25, 26 that are superimposed on each other. The coating 24 can further comprise a metal mesh 27 that hardens the coating 24 and facilitates retention of the cast concrete inside the cage 7. For example, if the coating 24 comprises a single film 25, this film 25 is placed between the cross-shaped metal rod of the cage 7 and the metal mesh 27. According to another embodiment, the coating 24 comprises two films 25, 26 and the metal mesh 27 is preferably inserted between the two films 25, 26. The coating 24 formed in this way is preferably disposed outside the cage 7 with respect to the cross-shaped metal rod of the cage 7. Such a flexible mold 8 can be easily cut to appropriately cover the side surfaces 14 to 17 of the cage 7 by forming a two-dimensional template. Furthermore, the flexible mold 8 is easily bent according to the shape of the cage 7. Thus, the flexible form 8 is easy to assemble around the cage 7 and does not require any lifting device to be placed around the cage 7.

  The flexible form 8 is assembled around the sides 14-17 of the metal cage 7. In order to form the flexible mold 8, the coating 24 covers the side surfaces 14 to 17 of the cage 7. Further, the coating 24 may be disposed inside the cage 7. Preferentially, the coating 24 is arranged outside the metal cage 7 in order to facilitate its fixation to the cage 7. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the coating 24 may be secured to the metal rod of the cage 7 by fasteners 28. Furthermore, the coating 24 provided with two films 25, 26 can comprise an additional mesh 29, preferably made of metal, arranged against the outer film 26 of the coating 24. Further, the block 3 can comprise an end formwork 30 positioned at the height of the first surface 12 of the metal cage 7. The end mold 30 may be composed of the coating 24 or may be composed of wood. The end formwork 30 made of wood is convenient to allow the flexible formwork 8 to be protected in the transport step of the block 3 and the adjustment step in the direction of the first surface 12 of the cage 7. Is good.

  According to another embodiment shown in FIG. 5 a, the flexible form 8 comprises at least one honeycomb plate 40. The honeycomb plate 40 is preferably composed of a copolymer containing polypropylene and polyethylene. Such a flexible mold 8 can be easily cut, and can appropriately cover the side surfaces 14 to 17 of the cage 7 by constituting a two-dimensional template. As a modification, the flexible mold 8 includes four honeycomb plates that are cut to cover the side surfaces 14 to 17 of the metal cage 7. As shown in FIG. 5 a, the flexible form 8 provided with at least one honeycomb plate 40 is assembled around the sides 14-17 on the outside of the metal cage 7. Further, the metal mesh 27 can be positioned with respect to the honeycomb plate and can hold the honeycomb plate with respect to the metal cage 7. According to another example, the flexible form is assembled inside the cage 7 with respect to the cross-shaped metal rod of the metal cage 7. According to another embodiment, the flexible formwork 8 comprises a plurality of honeycomb plates that are arranged opposite to each other and constitute a series of plates that are assembled around the sides and outside the metal cage 7. For example, each honeycomb plate allows a bar of metal mesh 27 to be inserted inside the honeycomb recess. Furthermore, the concave portions of the honeycomb plate 40 may be oriented in parallel with the edge portions of the side surfaces 14 to 17 that join them together. The recess may be longitudinal, i.e. extending from the first surface 12 of the cage 7 to the second surface 13. As a variant, the recesses of the honeycomb plate may be oriented perpendicular to the edges of the side surfaces 14-17. In this case, the recess extends from one side surface to the opposite side surface.

  6 to 10 depict the main steps of the method for fixing the foundation of the ski lift structure. This fixing method may comprise an initial step S0 for assembling the base 4 as shown in FIG. In the initial step S <b> 0, after the slab 5 is driven by the buried cable 31 in the concrete slab 5, the metal structure 32 of the base portion 4 is formed on the concrete slab 5. The cable 31 is resistant to pulling and is preferably made of steel. The metal structure 32 includes a mesh of metal rods and further includes a receiving space 33 for incorporating the block 3 into the base portion 4. In addition, a wooden formwork 34 is disposed around the metal structure 32 of the base portion 4 for the purpose of holding the cast concrete and forming the concrete base portion 4. The method further comprises a manufacturing step of the block 3, in which a metal cage 7 provided with a housing 11 for receiving the fixing means 6 is manufactured, and the fixing means 6 is assembled to the housing 11, in particular fixing. After the means 6 is secured to the metal cage 7, the flexible form 8 is placed around the sides 14-17 of the cage 7. In particular, the manufacturing steps of the block 3 are carried out in an area outside the assembly site of the fixing device 1, for example a shielding area. After the block 3 manufacturing step, the method comprises a block 3 transport step while maintaining the integrity of the block 3. The block 3 is transported from the manufactured area to the site where the fixing device 1 is assembled. And as FIG. 7 shows, the manufactured block 3 is assembled on the base part 4 in step S1. In more detail, the block 3 is arranged in the receiving space 33 of the base part 4. After the assembly step S1 of the block 3, the method can comprise the step of welding additional metal bars to the metal structure 32 of the base 4 and the cross-shaped metal rod of the cage 7. This optional welding step allows the fastening device 1 to be strengthened by joining the base 4 and block 3 metal structures. After the assembly step S1, the method may comprise an adjustment step S2 of the inclination of the first surface 12 of the cage 7, as shown in FIG. In the adjustment step S2, the cable 31 partially embedded in the concrete slab 5 is connected to the block 3 by a strap, for example. The strap is provided with adjusting means for adjusting its tension. Thereby, the user can finely adjust the position of the block 3 with respect to the base part 4. Therefore, the user can adjust the direction of the first surface 12 of the cage 7 with respect to the ground. Thus, the block 3 can be stabilized in the concrete placing step by the state in which the strap is stretched. When the block 3 is provided with a wooden end formwork 30 fixed to the metal cage 7, the strap is attached to the end formwork 30 so as not to deform the cage 7 in a stretched state. preferable. And after adjustment step S2, as shown in FIG. 9, concrete is laid (S3) and the base part 4 is formed. As shown in FIG. 10, the method further includes a step S <b> 4 of forming the concrete block 3 by placing concrete inside the metal cage 7. According to one embodiment, the manufacturing step S3 of the concrete base 4 and the step S4 of forming the concrete block 3 by placing the concrete are performed continuously without waiting for the base 4 to dry. The As a variant, it is possible to wait for the concrete base 4 to dry before placing concrete in the cage 7 to form the concrete block 3. The fixing device 1 can receive the structure 2 at any time when the strap is cut to finish the production of the fixing device 1. And the hole by which concrete slab 5 was cast is filled, and an assembly is complete | finished.

  According to another variant, after step S4 of placing concrete in the metal cage 7 of the block 3, it is positioned at the height of the metal cage 7 and the upper part of the flexible form 8, ie the first surface 12. The concrete is visible at the top of the block 3 by cutting the part. This allows the hole to be filled up to the lowest layer of the top of the visible concrete, and the metal and plastic parts of the cage 7 and flexible form 8 remaining visible above the filling material are removed. Enable. This avoids the possibility that the metal parts of the cage 7 and the flexible mold 8 remain visible after filling and harm humans.

  The above described fixing devices and methods allow a fixing device to be provided that is robust and can be quickly assembled on site. In particular, such fixation devices are standardized to provide the possibility of tilting the supporting structure with a slope having a well-considered value.

Claims (15)

In a ski lift structure (2), in particular a fixing device for a foundation of an aerial cableway ski lift, comprising a block (3) designed to support the structure (2),
The block (3) is
Fixing means (6) configured to receive the structure (2);
A metal cage (7) comprising a housing (11) and receiving said securing means (6);
A flexible formwork assembled around the sides (14, 15, 17) of the metal cage (7) and holding a concrete casting inside the metal cage (7);
A fixing device comprising:   The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the flexible form comprises a plastic coating (24).   The apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the flexible formwork comprises at least one honeycomb plate (40).   The device according to claims 2 to 3, wherein the flexible formwork further comprises a metal mesh (27).   Device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the flexible formwork is arranged outside the metal cage (7).   The metal cage (7) has a first surface (12) provided with the housing (11) for receiving the fixing means (6), and a second surface opposite to the first surface (12). A surface (13), wherein the first surface (12) is inclined with a non-zero gradient with respect to the second surface (13). Equipment.   A ski lift cable tower comprising at least one fixing device according to any one of the preceding claims. A method of fixing a ski lift structure, in particular an aerial cableway ski lift foundation, comprising a block designed to support the structure,
A metal cage with a housing is made,
A securing means configured to receive the structure is assembled to the housing of the metal cage;
A flexible formwork is assembled around the sides of the metal cage to hold a concrete cast in the metal cage;
A fixing method comprising the step of manufacturing the block.   The method of claim 8, wherein the flexible form is comprised of a plastic coating.   10. A method according to claim 8-9, wherein the flexible form comprises at least one honeycomb plate.   11. A method according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein the assembling step of the flexible form comprises an arrangement of the flexible form on the outside of the metal cage.   The manufacturing step of the metal cage is a first surface of the metal cage provided with the housing for receiving the fixing means, and the second surface of the metal cage opposite to the first surface. 12. A method according to any one of claims 8 to 11, comprising the production of a first surface inclined with respect to a non-zero gradient.   13. The block transport step of maintaining the integrity of the securing means, the metal cage, and the flexible formwork after the block is manufactured. Method. An assembly step of the block performed on the base of the foundation;
Placing concrete inside the metal cage of the block;
14. The method of claim 13, further comprising:   The method of claim 14, comprising adjusting the slope of the first surface after the assembly step of the block has been performed.

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