JP2016515190A - Heating equipment and method of operating heating equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention comprises a heating facility (10) comprising at least one force-heat coupling system, at least one additional heater (14) and at least one regenerator, and a method of operating the heating facility (10). About. It is proposed to configure the heat accumulator as a heat buffer (16).

Description

  The present invention relates to a heating installation having at least one force-heat coupling system, at least one additional heater and at least one regenerator. Furthermore, the present invention particularly relates to a method for operating the heating equipment having the above-described configuration.

  Hereinafter, a “force-heat coupling system” refers to a system that outputs an equivalent of a force on the first output side and outputs heat on the other output side. The thing equivalent to the force is, for example, a mechanical rotation component or a voltage for passing a current. A “fuel cell heating facility” refers to a special force-heat coupling system, which has a fuel cell facility with a fuel cell stack including one or more fuel cells and an afterburner. In this fuel cell facility, a voltage and possibly a current are generated in the fuel cell, and heat is generated in the fuel cell and the afterburner.

Prior Art In a heating facility equipped with a force-heat coupling system, power is generated by, for example, a fuel cell facility, and waste heat generated during power generation is supplied to other applications, for example, a heating circuit for indoor heating and / or a hot water system. Is done. At a particular time or season, this can lead to a situation where the instantaneous heat demand, i.e., the amount of heat required for indoor heating and / or hot water systems, exceeds the waste heat generated during power generation.

  DE 102010001011 describes an installation with a force-heat coupling system in the form of a fuel cell heating installation, in which the first proportion of the first fuel is said to be Power and heat are generated by electrochemical conversion in at least one fuel cell of the fuel cell facility of the force-heat coupling system, and the first fuel exits the fuel cell without conversion. The second ratio is that heat is generated by being burned in the after burner of the fuel cell facility after leaving the fuel cell, and heat can be generated by burning the second fuel in the additional heating device. The maximum first proportion of the first fuel can be converted at the optimum operating point of the battery.

  When operating the fuel cell facility for power generation without performing heat extraction, an attempt is made to increase the proportion of the supplied fuel that can be electrochemically reacted as much as possible without degrading the performance of the fuel cell. That is, the fuel supplied to generate the required power is reduced as much as possible. In order to maximize the efficiency required by the amount of power output per fuel supply, the rate of electrochemically converted fuel must be increased as much as possible. However, on the other hand, in order to avoid performance degradation, a fuel cell facility usually equipped with a large number of fuel cells must be operated at a theoretical air-fuel ratio or higher. That is, the fuel supplied to the anode and the oxidant supplied to the cathode must be larger than the amount of electrochemical reaction at the anode and cathode. Thereby, supply shortage in each electrode or each part of the electrode can be avoided. Insufficient supply can cause unwanted side reactions, uneven voltage distribution, and sometimes uneven current distribution and uneven temperature distribution in the fuel cell, which can degrade the performance of the fuel cell. Cause it. At the optimum operating point of the fuel cell, the ratio of the fuel that is electrochemically converted in the fuel cell is the maximum possible ratio without rapid deterioration of the fuel cell. Each optimum operating point can be set for operation at full load and a plurality of different partial load conditions. Unused fuel that has not been converted in the fuel cell can be recycled or burned in the afterburner. The heat generated by the afterburner is added to the total efficiency.

  Since the optimum operating point is a compromise between electrical efficiency and fuel cell performance degradation, performance degradation at this optimum operating point of the fuel cell is not minimized. Here, “performance degradation” refers to a decrease in the efficiency or output of at least one fuel cell over time, and the causes thereof are various.

  In DE 102010001011, reducing the degradation of fuel cell performance without substantially changing the efficiency of the force-thermal coupling system, especially when operating the power-thermal coupling system of a fuel cell facility. Has been proposed. In particular, a force-heat coupled system with closed loop control is more effective when the heat demand exceeds the amount of heat that can be generated by the fuel cell equipment at the optimal operating point of the fuel cell than at the optimal operating point of the fuel cell. The first rate of the first fuel must be reduced so that a large amount of the first fuel burns in the afterburner.

German Patent Application Publication No. 102020100011

  An object of the present invention is to further improve the efficiency of the heating equipment having the above-described configuration without causing amplification of performance deterioration.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The problem is solved by configuring an existing heat accumulator as a heat buffer. With such a configuration, the number of interruption cycles can be drastically reduced, and performance deterioration is suppressed by the reduction in the number of interruption cycles. Nevertheless, the fuel cell equipment included in the force-heat coupling system can be operated at maximum power in a wide range. “Maximum power” refers to the maximum nominal power that can be taken from an inverter that is connected downstream of a fuel cell stack located in the fuel cell facility without destroying the fuel cell. An “inverter” refers to a device that can convert a direct current output from a fuel cell into an alternating current.

  With the arrangements described in the dependent claims, the heating equipment described in the independent claims can be further advantageously developed. Thereby, when the heat accumulator is communicated between the force-heat coupling system and the additional heater, the heat accumulator can be easily inserted in terms of circuit technology. This additional heating device can be a boiler, a bathtub or a burner. This additional heating device can be integrated with the fuel cell facility into one device or can be configured as a separate device. In particular, the fuel cell equipment and the additional heating device can share components, for example, a heat exchanger, a fuel supply unit or an open loop control unit or a closed loop control unit.

  A thermal buffer having an upper region having at least two fittings and a lower region having at least two fittings, wherein the hot water outlet of the force-heat coupling system is in communication with the upper fitting of the thermal buffer; Further, if the cold water inlet of the force-heat coupling system is configured to communicate with the lower pipe joint of the thermal buffer, further simplification can be achieved.

  Furthermore, the thermal buffer has an upper region having at least two pipe joints and a lower region having at least two pipe joints, and the hot water outlet of the additional heater is communicated with the upper pipe joint of the thermal buffer. And if it comprises so that the cold water inlet of the said additional heater may be connected to the lower pipe joint of the said thermal buffer, the above-mentioned circuit can be simplified.

  When the thermal buffer is connected to an additional heater via a three-way mixing valve, the water flow, particularly the hot water flow, can be finely adjusted.

  If the thermal buffer has at least one upper temperature sensor and / or at least one lower temperature sensor, the thermal buffer can be monitored. Via the upper temperature sensor, in particular, the hot water area of the thermal buffer can be monitored, and another temperature sensor is arranged in the lower low temperature area.

  Advantageously, the additional heater can be connected directly and / or indirectly to a non-potable water container and / or one or more heating circuits.

  If the force-heat coupling system comprises at least one reformer that decomposes the supplied fuel, the efficiency of the heating facility can be further improved. The reformer can also be supplied with water. A reformer refers to a device that can receive, for example, natural gas and convert at least a portion of the natural gas into hydrogen, hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and / or carbon dioxide.

  If the water, in particular the water supplied to the reformer, is obtained as condensate from at least one heat exchanger of the heating facility and supplied to the condensate vessel, the force-heat coupling system All or part of the external water pipe joint can be omitted.

  When the condensate container has a filling level sensor, the amount of condensate present in the condensate container can be easily specified.

  Even in the operating method of the present invention of a heating facility comprising at least one force-heat coupling system, at least one additional heater and at least one thermal buffer, the return temperature of the heating water reaching the additional heater is Only when the temperature of the upper region of the thermal buffer is lower, the efficiency can be increased by the method in which the additional heater draws hot water for heating from the thermal buffer.

  In operation of a heating facility including at least one force-heat coupling system, at least one additional heater, and at least one thermal buffer, the return temperature of the heating water that has reached the additional heater is changed to the thermal buffer. Only when the temperature is lower than the lower region, the efficiency can be increased also by the method in which the additional heater draws hot water for heating from the thermal buffer.

  Furthermore, for the inventive method of operation of a heating facility comprising at least one force-thermal coupling system, at least one additional heater and at least one thermal buffer, the power-thermal coupling system may output power. As long as the temperature of the lower region of the thermal buffer is lower than 50 ° C., preferably below 45 ° C., operating the force-heat coupled system at high power, especially at maximum power, can also increase efficiency. Can be realized.

  Furthermore, for the inventive method of operation of a heating facility comprising at least one force-thermal coupling system, at least one additional heater and at least one thermal buffer, the power-thermal coupling system may output power. As long as the temperature of the upper region of the thermal buffer is lower than 70 ° C., preferably below 65 ° C., operating the force-heat coupled system at high power, especially at maximum power, can also increase efficiency. Can be realized.

  Still further, for the inventive method of operation of a heating facility comprising at least one force-thermal coupling system, at least one additional heater, and at least one thermal buffer, the force-thermal coupling system outputs power. As long as the condensate can be taken out of the condensate container and supplied to the reformer in particular, the efficiency can be increased by operating the power-heat coupling system at high power, especially at maximum power. it can.

  The aspects of the method of the present invention can be combined and are preferably suitable for operating any of the heating equipment described above. In that regard, each invention-specific matter described in the claims and specification can be an important feature of the present invention individually or in combination.

  The fuel cell can be a SOFC (Solid Oxid Fuel Cell). In this case, the fuel cell equipment can have a plurality of fuel cells, and the plurality of fuel cells can be combined into one fuel cell stack or fuel cell unit. The first fuel may be natural gas, biogas or pure methane, or a longer chain hydrocarbon such as propane, diesel engine fuel, gasoline, kerosene, liquid gas or heating oil. can do. Alternatively, the first fuel can be methanol or a longer chain alcohol. The first fuel can be partially or wholly reformed before being introduced into the fuel cell or inside the fuel cell. In doing so, a fuel containing a high concentration of hydrogen and / or carbon monoxide is produced. The “first fuel” refers to both the reformed fuel and the unreformed fuel. Some of the heat generated in the fuel cell and / or afterburner may be required for the reforming.

  It is also possible to re-supply the third proportion of the first fuel that has left the fuel cell to the fuel cell by recirculation. In this way, the second rate of the first fuel is reduced by the third rate. Therefore, the second rate that comes out of the fuel cell without being converted and burns in the afterburner need not be the entire rate that was not converted in the fuel cell. The third ratio can also be adjusted according to the amount of heat demand, and can be reduced particularly when the amount of heat demand increases. The second ratio and the third ratio are also ratios based on the amount of the first fuel supplied to the fuel cell facility.

  The second fuel may be the same material as the first fuel. Also, the second fuel and the first fuel can be different materials. The additional heating device may be a condensing gas boiler.

  Other refinements of the invention will be apparent from the following description of an embodiment of the invention, which is schematically illustrated in the drawings. All arrangements and / or advantages including individual structural units, spatial arrangements and method steps, which are obvious from the claims, the description or the drawings, are per se, in various combinations. It can be an important element of the invention.

It is the schematic of the heating equipment of this invention, and is demonstrated in detail below.

  FIG. 1 shows a heating facility 10. This comprises a force-heat coupling system in the form of a fuel cell facility 12, an additional heater 14 and a regenerator configured as a thermal buffer 16. The thermal buffer 16 is characterized by including a heat storage medium. This heat storage medium is advantageously circulated heating water. Heat can be put into or taken out of the thermal buffer 16 without depending on actual demand requirements. This is the difference between the thermal buffer 16 and the regenerator, which usually holds heat preliminarily for peak demand and must be kept at a high temperature level. In the thermal buffer 16, heat is released as timely as possible in order to enable thermal buffering, that is, re-absorption.

  In this embodiment, the thermal buffer 16 is in communication between the force-thermal coupling system and the additional heater 14. With such a configuration, heat is output from the force-heat coupling system, that is, the fuel cell equipment 12, to the heat buffer 16, and heat can be extracted from the additional heater 14 by the heat buffer 16.

  The thermal buffer 16 has an upper region 18 and a lower region 20, and both the regions 18 and 20 can communicate with each other inside the thermal buffer 16 with or without interruption. Two pipe joints 22 and 24 are provided in the upper region 18 of the thermal buffer 16, and two pipe joints 26 and 28 are provided in the lower region 20.

  The force-heat coupling system or fuel cell facility 12 includes a hot water outlet 30 that communicates with the upper fitting 22 of the thermal buffer 16 and a cold water inlet 32 that communicates with the lower fitting 26. As a result, the fuel cell facility 12 can continuously output heat to the thermal buffer 16.

  A pump 34 is provided to improve the circulation of the heating water. This pump 34 is advantageously arranged between the lower fitting 26 and the cold water inlet 32. With such a configuration, low-temperature heating water can be sucked out from the lower region 20 of the thermal buffer 16 and pumped to the cold water inlet 32 of the fuel cell facility 12.

  Of course, the pump 34 can be communicated between the hot water outlet 30 and the upper pipe joint 22.

  The fuel cell facility 12 shown in FIG. 1 has a fuel inlet 36 that delivers fuel to the reformer 40 via a mixing valve 38 that is actuated later.

  In the reformer 40, the supplied fuel, preferably natural gas, is at least partially decomposed and supplied to the fuel cell 42.

  The fuel cell 42 has an anode 44 and a cathode 46, which are separated from each other by a catalyst member 48. The fuel processed by the reformer 40 is supplied to the anode 44 of the fuel cell 42, while oxygen is supplied to the cathode 46 through the air inlet 50. The electrical aspects of the fuel cell 42 will not be discussed further.

  Surplus fuel exits from the anode 44 toward the afterburner 54 through the outlet 52. Part of this unused fuel is fed back between the anode 44 and the afterburner 54 and supplied to the reformer 40 via the mixing valve 38 already described above. Surplus air, especially oxygen, exits the cathode 46 via the outlet 56 and this surplus air is also sent to the afterburner 54. By burning excess fuel / excess air in the afterburner 54, high-temperature exhaust gas exits from the afterburner 54 toward the heat exchanger 60 through the afterburner outlet 58.

  In this embodiment, the heat exchanger 60 is communicated between the cold water inlet 32 and the hot water outlet 30 and is configured to send the generated heat into the heat buffer 16. As long as electricity can be extracted or distributed to the public distribution network and heat is absorbed by the thermal buffer 16, the fuel cell facility 12 operates as described above with a particularly high efficiency as a force-heat coupling system. be able to. Therefore, the efficiency of this force-heat coupling system is greatly improved by the above-described configuration.

  The cooled exhaust gas leaves the heat exchanger 60 via the outlet 62.

  The fuel cell facility 12 further includes a control unit 63 for performing open loop control of each component. In particular, the mixing valve 38 or the compressor 65 provided at the air inlet 50 can also be driven. Further, depending on the configuration of the pump 34, the pump 34 can also be turned on and off by the control unit 63, or the pump 34 can be driven and controlled by variably adjusting the rotation speed.

  As already mentioned, the thermal buffer 16 has at least two fittings 22 and 24 in the upper region 18 and two more fittings 26 and 28 in the lower region 20. Since these pipe joints 24 and 28 are directly communicated with the volume of the thermal buffer 16 in this embodiment, the same heating water is used, and this heating water can also flow into the heat exchanger 60. it can. However, this arrangement places a filament that is internally flowable in thermal buffer 16 and communicates this filament to fittings 22 and 26, or to fittings 24 and 28, and the filament is connected to the other As a point, it is also possible to have a configuration that ensures heat exchange within the volume of the thermal buffer 16.

  The additional heater 14 is connected to the pipe joints 24 and 28 so that the upper pipe joint 24 communicates with the supply port portion 64 and the lower pipe joint 28 communicates with the return port portion 66. The additional heater 14 has a heat block 68. This heats the supplied heating water only when the temperature needs to be increased. The heat block 68 can be realized by, for example, a condensing boiler in the form of a gas burner having a heat transfer function.

  A mixing valve 70 is connected between the upper output side 24 and the supply port portion 64, and this mixing valve 70 is for adding the return water from the return pipe 66 to the supply port portion 64 for mixing. It is. For this purpose, the mixing valve 70 is also communicated with the return port 66.

  The additional heater includes a control unit 69 that performs open loop control or closed loop control of the heat block 68 in a self-evident manner. For this purpose, the control unit 69 monitors a component not shown in the drawing and affects the component. Such components are, for example, fuel inlets, fuel compressors and / or inflow air compressors, flame monitoring devices and the like.

  The control unit 69 is connected to the control unit 63 and communicates via, for example, the bus system 71. However, the control unit 69 and the control unit 63 can be combined into a single control unit.

  If the mixing valve 70 is controlled so that the return port portion 66 is completely communicated with the supply port portion 64, the upper fitting 24 is not communicated with the supply port portion 64, so that the lower fitting 28, the thermal buffer 16, The flow of the heating water flowing through the pipe joint 24 is blocked. However, depending on the configuration of the mixing valve 70, different volume flow rates can be variably realized between each other. That is, the heating water from the return port portion 66 can be mixed directly into the supply port portion 64 or indirectly mixed via the heat buffer 16.

  The thermal buffer 16 has an upper temperature sensor 72, which can measure the temperature of the upper region 18. The temperature sensor 72 can be installed in the heating water or on the outer wall of the thermal buffer 16.

  The thermal buffer 16 has a lower temperature sensor 74, which can measure the temperature of the lower region 20. This temperature sensor 74 can be mounted in the heating water or on the outer wall of the thermal buffer 16.

  In this embodiment, the upper temperature sensor 72 and the lower temperature sensor 74 are connected to the control unit 63 and the control unit 69.

  The additional heater 14 is connected to a heat exchanger 76 in this embodiment, and this heat exchanger 76 is connected to a non-drinking water container 78. With such a configuration, the heat block 68 is indirectly connected to the non-drinking water container 78. A pump 80 is inserted in a connection section between the heat exchanger 76 and the non-drinking water container 78, and the pump 80 forcibly circulates non-drinking water in the heat exchanger 76. The pump 80 can be operated by the control unit 69.

  At least one heating circuit 82 is connected to the heat block 68. The forward flow path 84 of the heating circuit 82 communicates with the hot water outlet 86 of the heat block 68. This communication is performed using a three-way mixing valve 88. The heat exchanger 76 is also connected to the three-way mixing valve 88.

  The return flow path 90 of the heating circuit 82 communicates with the return port portion 66.

  It is possible to provide a plurality of heating circuits 82. For example, these heating circuits 82 are connected in parallel, and each heating circuit 82 has a corresponding forward flow path 84 and a corresponding return flow path 90, respectively.

  A temperature sensor 92 for monitoring the return port temperature or the return channel temperature is disposed inside or outside the return port 66 or the return channel 90, and the temperature sensor 92 is the control unit 63 and / or the control unit. 69.

  The heat exchanger 60 takes out the condensate containing the exhaust gas discharged from the afterburner 54 by condensate treatment, and discharges it directly to the condensate container 96 or through the conduit 94 as in this embodiment. It is configured. In principle, it is also possible for the condensate to be captured by another heat exchanger, for example by the heat exchanger 88 and supplied to the condensate vessel 96. However, since the condensate will be used further later, special consideration should be given to the condensate cleaning unit, and the condensate from the heat exchanger 88 may be cleaned as needed.

  The condensate container 96 communicates with the reformer 40, and condensate necessary for decomposing the supplied fuel can be discharged to the reformer 40.

  A filling level sensor 98 is attached to the condensate container 96, and the filling level sensor 98 is connected to the control unit 63. With this configuration, the control unit 63 should control whether or not the amount of condensate required for the reforming process in the reformer 40 is a sufficient amount, or the fuel cell facility 12 to another operating point. It receives information on whether or not.

  When determining the operating point, if the limit temperature is exceeded at the cold water inlet 32 of the heat exchanger 60, the water balance of the fuel cell, that is, the water taken out by condensate treatment and the water required in the reformer The recognition that the difference between is negative is used. That is, the higher the output of the fuel facility, the greater the amount of condensate to be supplied to the reformer 40, but this is not the case for the heat exchanger 60 as well. When the temperature falls below the above limit temperature, the amount of water taken out by the condensate treatment becomes larger than the amount required by the reformer 40. When natural gas is used as the fuel, the limit temperature is between 40 ° C and 60 ° C.

  The present invention is a method of operating a heating facility 10, particularly in the form of a fuel cell facility 12, comprising at least one force-thermal coupling system, at least one additional heater 14, and at least one thermal buffer 16. Only when the return temperature of the heating water that has reached the additional heater 14 is lower than the temperature in the upper region 18 of the thermal buffer 16, the additional heater 14 operates to draw high-temperature heating water from the thermal buffer 16. Also related.

  This ensures that the thermal buffer 16 is not heated by the additional heater 14. At that time, if at least the temperature of the return port 66 measured using the temperature sensor 92 is higher than the temperature of the upper region 18 of the thermal buffer 16 measured using the temperature sensor 72, the heat The mixing valve 70 is operated so that the heating water is supplied to the additional heater 14 without flowing water into the buffer 16.

  The present invention is a method of operating a heating facility 10, particularly in the form of a fuel cell facility 12, comprising at least one force-thermal coupling system, at least one additional heater 14, and at least one thermal buffer 16. Only when the return port temperature of the heating water that has reached the additional heater 14 is lower than the temperature in the lower region 20 of the thermal buffer 16, the additional heater 14 relates to an operation method for drawing hot water for heating from the thermal buffer 16. .

  With such an operation method, the thermal buffer 16 is completely prevented from being heated by the additional heater 14. At that time, if at least the temperature of the return port 66 measured using the temperature sensor 92 is higher than the temperature of the lower region 20 of the thermal buffer 16 measured using the temperature sensor 74, the heat The mixing valve 70 is operated so that the heating water is supplied to the additional heater 14 without flowing water into the buffer 16.

  The present invention is also a method of operating a heating facility 10, particularly in the form of a fuel cell facility 12, comprising at least one force-thermal coupling system, at least one additional heater 14, and at least one thermal buffer 16. Thus, the force-thermal coupling system is capable of outputting power, and as long as the temperature in the lower region 20 of the thermal buffer 16 is less than 50 ° C, preferably less than 45 ° C, the force-thermal coupling The system also relates to a method of operation that operates at high power, especially at maximum power.

  The present invention is also a method of operating a heating facility 10, particularly in the form of a fuel cell facility 12, comprising at least one force-thermal coupling system, at least one additional heater 14, and at least one thermal buffer 16. Thus, the force-heat coupling system is capable of outputting power, and as long as the temperature in the upper region 18 of the thermal buffer 16 is less than 70 ° C, preferably less than 65 ° C, the force-heat coupling system. The system also relates to a method of operation that operates at high power, especially at maximum power.

  The fuel cell 42 can operate in a modulated manner within its power range, typically between 100% and 30%. The control procedure is intended to maximize the electrical efficiency during operation and at the same time utilize thermal energy. Thermal energy is used for heating or hot water generation. Electricity is utilized by the owner himself when necessary or supplied to the public power grid. When the temperature of the lower region 20 of the thermal buffer 16 is below 50 ° C., preferably below 45 ° C. and / or when the temperature of the upper region 18 of the thermal buffer 16 is below 70 ° C., preferably below 65 ° C. The fuel cell 42 can be operated at the maximum power. When the temperature of the lower region 20 or the upper region 18 rises and exceeds the above value, the fuel cell 42 is operated so that the amount of heat output is as small as possible. As a result, the fuel cell 42 can be operated at maximum power for as long as possible as a whole, which increases the electrical efficiency of the fuel cell and reduces the performance degradation of the fuel cell. Guaranteed to be.

  The present invention is also a method of operating a heating facility 10, particularly in the form of a fuel cell facility 12, comprising at least one force-thermal coupling system, at least one additional heater 14, and at least one thermal buffer 16. Thus, as long as the force-heat coupling system can output electric power and the condensate can be taken out from the condensate container 96, the force-thermal coupling system also relates to an operation method that operates at high power, especially at maximum power. .

  As long as there is condensate that can be supplied to the reformer 40, the fuel cell 42 can be operated at maximum power. This means that more than enough fuel and air can be supplied to the fuel cell 42, which achieves maximum complete mixing within the fuel cell 42, particularly in the region of the anode 44. In this way, the occurrence of over-supplied or under-supplied areas is avoided, which can result in relatively hot spots or relatively cool spots that cause faster performance degradation. Avoided. Furthermore, the total efficiency of the heating equipment 10 as a whole increases.

  With the above-described special specific configuration, particularly by inserting the above-described thermal buffer 16, the fuel cell facility 12 is improved over the facility using the conventional hot water boiler in terms of both power and heat output. Accordingly, the fuel cell equipment 12 can be improved from the equipment equipped with the conventional hot water boiler from the viewpoint of the overall efficiency. The characteristics of the thermal buffer 16 that can store heat without depending on actual demands are beneficial to overall efficiency. At that time, the control units 63 and 69 are configured such that the thermal buffer 16 performs the thermal output as soon as the thermal output from the upper region 18 by the thermal buffer 16 becomes possible due to the required heat distribution.

Claims (15)

In a heating facility (10) comprising at least one force-heat coupling system, at least one additional heater (14) and at least one regenerator,
A heating facility (10) characterized in that the regenerator is configured as a heat buffer (16). The thermal buffer (16) is connected between the force-heat coupling system and the additional heater (14);
The heating facility (10) according to claim 1. The thermal buffer (16)
An upper region (18) having at least two fittings (22, 24);
A lower region (20) having at least two pipe joints (26, 28),
A hot water outlet (30) of the force-heat coupling system is in communication with an upper fitting (22) of the thermal buffer (16);
A cold water inlet (32) of the force-heat coupling system is in communication with a lower fitting (26) of the thermal buffer (16);
The heating facility (10) according to claim 2. The thermal buffer (16)
An upper region (18) having at least two fittings (22, 24);
A lower region (20) having at least two pipe joints (26, 28),
The supply port (64) of the heater (14) communicates with the upper pipe joint (24) of the thermal buffer (16),
The return opening (66) of the heater (14) communicates with the lower pipe joint (28) of the thermal buffer (16).
A heating facility (10) according to claim 2 or 3. The thermal buffer (16) is connected to the additional heater (14) via a three-way mixing valve (70).
The additional heater (14) according to any one of claims 2 to 4. The thermal buffer (16) comprises at least one upper temperature sensor and / or at least one lower temperature sensor (72, 74),
The heating equipment (10) according to any one of claims 2 to 5. The additional heater (14) is connected directly and / or indirectly to a non-potable water container (78) and / or one or more heating circuits (79),
The heating equipment (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 6. The force-heat coupling system has at least one reformer (40) that decomposes the supplied fuel;
Water can also be supplied to the reformer (40).
Heating installation (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 7. The water is obtained as condensate from at least one heat exchanger (60, 76) of the heating facility (10) and can be supplied to a condensate vessel (96).
A heating facility (10) according to claim 8. The condensate container (96) comprises a filling level sensor (98).
A heating facility (10) according to claim 9. 11. A heating installation according to any one of claims 1 to 10, comprising at least one force-thermal coupling system, at least one additional heater (14) and at least one thermal buffer (16). 10) In the operation method,
Only when the return port temperature of the heating water that has reached the additional heater (14) is lower than the temperature of the upper region of the thermal buffer (16), the additional heater (14) supplies hot heating water to the thermal buffer. (16) The operation method characterized by drawing in. 11. A heating installation according to any one of claims 1 to 10, comprising at least one force-thermal coupling system, at least one additional heater (14) and at least one thermal buffer (16). 10) In the operation method,
Only when the return port temperature of the heating water that has reached the additional heater (14) is lower than the temperature of the lower region of the thermal buffer (16), the additional heater (14) supplies hot heating water to the thermal buffer. (16) The operation method characterized by drawing in. 11. A heating installation according to any one of claims 1 to 10, comprising at least one force-thermal coupling system, at least one additional heater (14) and at least one thermal buffer (16). 10) In the operation method,
The force-heat coupling system is capable of generating electrical power;
As long as the temperature in the lower region (20) of the thermal buffer (16) is below 50 ° C., preferably below 45 ° C., the force-thermal coupling system is operated at high power, in particular at maximum power How it works. 11. A heating installation according to any one of claims 1 to 10, comprising at least one force-thermal coupling system, at least one additional heater (14) and at least one thermal buffer (16). 10) In the operation method,
The force-heat coupling system is capable of generating electrical power;
As long as the temperature in the upper region (18) of the thermal buffer (16) is below 70 ° C., preferably below 65 ° C., the force-heat coupling system is operated at high power, in particular at maximum power How it works. 11. A device according to claim 1, comprising at least one force-heat coupling system, at least one additional heater (14), at least one thermal buffer (16) and a condensate vessel. In the operating method of the heating equipment (10) described,
The force-heat coupling system can generate power,
As long as condensate can be removed from the condensate vessel, the force-heat coupling system is operated at high power, especially at maximum power.

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