JP2016166075A - Elevator device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an elevator device that has a compact and low-cost rope-less governor mechanism.SOLUTION: A shaft-shape suspension support body 19 is vertically movably mounted on an upper portion of an elevator car structure 15, and at an upper end side of a shaft part of the body is provided one car sheave 14 around which is wound a main rope 11. Between a lower end part of the suspension support body 19 and the elevator car structure 15 is provided an elastic body 20. The elastic body 20 pairs with the car sheave 14, and downward acting force thereof is accumulated by tension of the main rope 11. In the suspension support body 19 is provided a rotation speed detecting portion 13 that is driven by the car sheave 14 and detects the rotation speed of the body. When the rotation speed detecting portion 13 detects that the speed is equal to scheduled rotation speed or higher, a safety 21 is actuated by a first actuating mechanism 16 to forcibly stop the elevator car structure. Further, accompanying a downward movement of the suspension support body 19 by the acting force accumulated in the elastic body 20, the safety 21 is actuated by a second actuating mechanism 22 as well.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  Embodiments described herein relate generally to an elevator apparatus including a low press governor mechanism.

  Conventionally, a governor (hereinafter referred to as a governor mechanism) has been positioned as one of the main safety devices of an elevator. The governor mechanism's rotation speed detector (hereinafter referred to as the governor body) detects the overspeed of the car due to the main rope breakage, etc., and detects the safety of the hoisting machine brakes and car etc. Has the function to operate.

  In general, the car and the governor body are separately installed in the hoistway, and these are connected by a governor rope. In many cases, the governor body is rotationally driven via a governor rope as the car is moved up and down, and its rotational speed is detected by a mechanical device such as a centrifugal type. When the governor body detects an overspeed state, the governor body operates the safety of the car by restraining the governor rope.

  In such a governor mechanism, it is necessary to lay a governor rope in a narrow hoistway. For this reason, when a building rolls due to a long-period ground motion or wind, which has been pointed out in recent years, and a governor rope swings, the reliability of the operation decreases due to interference with other structures. Thus, an elevator apparatus having a so-called low press governor mechanism in which a governor body is installed in a car and no governor rope is used has been proposed.

  For example, a centrifugal governor body is provided on the car, and the rotational portion is pressed against the guide rail to detect the rotational speed (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In other words, the governor body is supported by the horizontal guide mechanism so that it can be restrained in the vertical direction but can be displaced in the horizontal direction with respect to the car structure on the car side, and is pressed against the guide rail by the pressure contact member. Yes. For this reason, the rotating part of the governor body rotates in synchronization with the raising / lowering of the car structure, and detects the raising / lowering speed of the car structure. When the overspeed state is detected, the safety provided in the car structure is operated to forcibly stop the descent.

  The governor mechanism having such a configuration is independent of the car structure in the horizontal direction, and can obtain a substantially constant pressure contact force against the guide rail regardless of the loading state of the car. However, if slippage between the governor mechanism and the guide rail occurs due to the behavior of the cage structure with respect to the bending of the guide rail and the surface state of the guide rail, it is difficult to realize high-precision speed detection.

  As another governor mechanism, there is a governor mechanism that rotates a governor body integrally with a car sheave (see, for example, Patent Document 2). Car sheaves are provided on the car structure on the car side, and are wrapped around a main rope for driving up and down. To make the car side compact, there are two car sheaves on the left and right sides of the car structure. In general, a structure is provided in which the rotation planes are provided in the same direction. In this case, the main rope is wound in a U shape along both side surfaces and the lower surface of the car structure, and is wound around two left and right car sheaves.

  In this case, the governor body is connected to one of the car sheaves, and rotates integrally with the car sheave that is rotationally driven by the main rope as the car structure is raised and lowered. This configuration approximates a driving method in which the governor body is rotated by a conventional governor rope, and good speed detection accuracy can be obtained.

  However, since the main rope is used to rotate the governor body, a mechanism for operating a safety device such as safety is required when the main rope breaks. This operation mechanism is configured to detect an rupture of the main rope by disposing an elastic body such as a spring between a support body on which two car sheaves and a governor mechanism body are mounted and a cage structure. That is, normally, the elastic body is in a compressed state due to the weight of the car structure including the car, but the compressed elastic force (repulsive force) is released when the main rope breaks, and this elastic force The safety of the car structure is activated by the displacement of the support by

Japanese Patent No. 4303295 ] JP 2004-1369 A

  The latter governor mechanism described above has a relatively low cost, high reliability, and high speed detection accuracy. However, it is difficult to operate at a high speed because the large support on which two car sheaves and a governor body are mounted is displaced by an elastic force (repulsive force) such as a spring.

  That is, when the main rope breaks, it is necessary to operate the device before exceeding the shock absorbing performance of the safety device such as safety, and quick response is indispensable. However, in order to displace a large and heavy support unit integrated with a plurality of car sheaves under a car at high speed, a large one that generates a strong repulsive force is required as an elastic body.

  In addition, as described above, the main rope is hung in a U shape along both side surfaces and the lower surface of the car structure, and is wound around the left and right car sheaves at an angle of approximately 90 degrees. The resultant force due to the tension of the rope is applied to the right and left two car sheaves and the support body holding them in the direction of 45 degrees obliquely upward. For this reason, since the support body can withstand the resultant force in the direction of 45 degrees obliquely, its size and weight are inevitable.

  As a result, there is a problem that the mass of the car structure is increased and the burden on the building-side structure is increased in addition to strengthening the structure of the guide rail and the hoisting machine.

  It is also conceivable to arrange two car sheaves on top of the car structure. In this case, it is not necessary to place the outer periphery of the car sheave on the outside of both side surfaces of the car structure as in the case where the two car sheaves are arranged on the lower surface of the car structure. For this reason, it becomes possible to narrow the arrangement | positioning space | interval of two car sheaves, and the support body which mounts these can be made small by that much. Nevertheless, the support on which the two car sheaves and the governor body are mounted is sufficiently large and heavy, and the above-mentioned problems still occur.

  In addition, since the main rope is bridged between the two car sheaves, when the main rope breaks, a time difference occurs between the descending timings of the broken car sheave and the unbroken car sheave. For this reason, it is considered that the support on which these are mounted is inclined, and the displacement due to the repulsive force of the elastic body is not smoothly performed, which causes a problem in operation reliability.

  The present invention can ensure high functional reliability with respect to the shaking of the building and can realize high-precision speed detection performance, and can detect the breakage of the main rope to activate the safety. An object of the present invention is to provide an elevator apparatus having a low-press governor mechanism that can solve the problem and is compact and low in cost.

  The elevator apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention has a car structure that can be moved up and down in a hoistway, and has a shaft shape, and its shaft portion is attached to the upper part of the car structure so as to be movable up and down, And a suspension support body having one car sheave around which the main rope is wound on the upper end side of the shaft portion, provided between the lower end portion of the suspension support body and the car structure, and making a pair with the car sheave, An elastic body in which a downward acting force is accumulated by the tension of the main rope, a rotation speed detection section that is provided on the suspension support body and detects the rotation speed of the rotation section driven by the car sheave, and the rotation When the speed detection unit detects a rotational speed higher than a predetermined rotational speed, a first operating mechanism that operates safety to forcibly stop the descent of the car structure, and the suspension support by the acting force accumulated in the elastic body Down the body Further comprising a second actuating mechanism for actuating the Deposit with the movement, characterized in.

  According to the above configuration, it is possible to ensure high functional reliability with respect to the shaking of the building and to realize high-accuracy speed detection performance. Further, various problems in operating the safety by detecting the breakage of the main rope can be solved, and an elevator apparatus having a compact and low-cost low press governor mechanism can be obtained.

It is a front view which shows the principal part structure of the elevator apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a side view which shows the principal part structure of the elevator apparatus which concerns on other embodiment of this invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  The embodiment of the present invention relates to an elevator apparatus included in a rope breakage detection structure for solving various problems in a low press governor mechanism by car sheave drive. The configuration of the main part of this elevator apparatus will be described with reference to FIG.

  In FIG. 1, the elevator apparatus according to this embodiment has a car structure 15 that is installed in a hoistway so as to be able to move up and down. The car structure 15 includes a car 15a and a support frame 15b that holds the car 15a. The support frame 15b is configured in a frame shape with upper and lower beams along the upper and lower surfaces of the car 15a and vertical members along both side surfaces.

  A suspension support 19 is attached to the upper portion of the car structure 15 so as to be movable up and down. That is, the suspension support body 19 has an axial shape, and a small diameter portion formed in the middle portion in the longitudinal direction of the shaft portion moves up and down the hole-shaped guide portion D provided in the upper beam portion of the support frame 15b. It penetrates movably. Further, on the upper end side of the shaft portion, one car sheave 14 around which the main rope 11 for raising and lowering driving is wound is provided so as to be rotatable around the A portion.

  Safety 21 is provided on both sides of the lower portion of the car structure 15. The safety 21 forcibly stops abnormal descent due to breakage or the like of the main rope 11 of the car structure 15 during operation.

  A pressure receiving member 26 is integrally provided at the lower end portion of the suspension support body 19, and an elastic body such as a spring (hereinafter referred to as a repulsion spring) is provided between the pressure receiving member 26 and the lower surface of the upper beam constituting the support frame 15b. 20) is provided. The repulsion spring 20 is paired with the car sheave 14 and is compressed by the tension of the main rope 11 to accumulate a downward acting force (repulsive force). The accumulating direction (vertical direction) of the acting force (repulsive force) by the repulsive spring 20 coincides with the resultant tension direction (vertical direction) of the main rope 11 wound around the one car sheave 14 described above. For this reason, the suspension support body 19 can obtain sufficient strength by a simple shaft shape.

  In addition, the axial direction length of the thin diameter part which has penetrated the guide part D of the suspension support body 19 so that it can move up and down is set larger than the axial direction length of the guide part D, and the thick shaft part adjacent to the upper and lower sides. A step portion is formed at each boundary to limit the vertical movement range of the suspension support 19 to a predetermined range δ.

  That is, the step portion formed at the boundary with the lower large-diameter portion (which is also a deflection limiting portion) 27 of the suspension support 19 is supported by the support frame 15b when the suspension support 19 is suspended and supported by the tension of the main rope 11. As shown in the figure, the compression deflection of the rebound spring 20 is limited to a predetermined range. Further, the step portion formed at the boundary with the upper large diameter portion of the suspension support body 19 restricts the downward movement of the suspension support body 19 by the repulsive force of the repulsion spring 20 to a predetermined range δ.

  The suspension support 19 is provided with a rotational speed detection unit (also referred to as a governor body) 13. The rotation speed detection unit (governor body unit) 13 is driven by a car sheave 14 and has a rotation unit that rotates about the A part. A pair of flyweights 17 are provided in the rotation part. The pair of flyweights 17 is configured to be displaceable outward by a centrifugal force generated with the rotation of the rotating portion. That is, the rotational speed detection unit 13 is rotated integrally with the car sheave 14 around the point A, and when the rotational speed of the car sheave 14 exceeds a predetermined speed and the centrifugal force exceeds the tension of the tension spring 17a, The flyweight 17 is displaced outward to detect an overspeed state. In other words, the ascending / descending speed of the car structure 15 is mechanically detected based on whether or not the pair of flyweights 17 are displaced outward.

  For this rotational speed detector 13, when the rotational speed detector 13 detects a rotational speed equal to or higher than a predetermined rotational speed, the first operating mechanism 16 that operates the safety 21 that forcibly stops the lowering of the car structure 15. Is provided. The first operating mechanism 16 includes a weight engaging body 16a and a lever 16b to which the weight engaging body 16a is integrally attached. The weight engaging body 16a is disposed so as to be able to engage with the flyweight 17 that is displaced outward when the rotational speed of the car sheave 14 reaches or exceeds a predetermined speed. Further, the lever 16 b is configured to be rotatable with the point A, which is the rotation center of the car sheave 14, as a pivotal branch, and its free end is connected to the safety link mechanism 23 via a pulling wire 18.

  The safety link mechanism 23 includes a T-shaped lever 23a that is rotatably arranged on the right side of the upper beam of the support frame 15b, an L-shaped lever 23b that is rotatably arranged on the left side of the upper beam, and a space between them. Rod 23C for connecting the two. The T-shaped lever 23a of the safety link mechanism 23 is pulled up by the pulling wire 18 and rotated counterclockwise in the drawing, whereby the left and right operating rods 24 are pulled up, and the left and right safety 21 are operated.

  That is, when the car structure 15 descends, the car sheave 14 rotates counterclockwise in the figure, and when the rotation speed exceeds a predetermined speed, the pair of flyweights 17 provided in the rotation speed detection unit 13 is caused by centrifugal force. Rotate in the direction of arrow B against the tension of the tension spring 17a and displace outward. Therefore, the engaging portion C of the flyweight 17 is engaged with the weight engaging body 16a, and the lever 16b is rotated counterclockwise in the figure around the point A. The pulling wire 18 is pulled up by the rotation of the lever 16 b, and the left and right safety 21 is operated by the safety link mechanism 23 via the left and right operating rods 24.

  In addition, the safety link mechanism 23 is also connected to a second operating mechanism 22 that detects the breakage of the main rope 11 and operates the safety 21. As the second operating mechanism 22, a wire-like member (hereinafter referred to as an operating wire 22) that connects the T-shaped lever 23 a of the safety link mechanism 23 and the pressure receiving member 26 of the repulsive spring 20 is used. .

  When the main support wire 11 is broken and the tension is lost and the suspension support 19 is moved downward by the action force stored in the repulsion spring 20, the operation wire 22 shows the T-shaped lever 23a of the safety link mechanism 23. Turn counterclockwise. For this reason, the operating rods 24 on both the left and right sides are pulled up, and the left and right safety 21 are operated.

  In the above configuration, when the car structure 15 descends, if its descending speed becomes an overspeed state due to some abnormality, the rotational speed of the car sheave 14 around which the main rope 11 is wound also becomes an overspeed state, and the flyweight 17 has a centrifugal force. Thus, it is displaced outward against the tension of the tension spring 17a. When rotating in this state, the engaging portion C of the flyweight 17 is engaged with the weight engaging body 16a constituting the first operating mechanism 16, and the lever 16b is rotated counterclockwise in the figure around the point A as an axis. . The pulling wire 18 is pulled up by the rotation of the lever 16b, and the safety link mechanism 23 operates the left and right safety 21 via the left and right operating rods 24 to forcibly stop the abnormal lowering of the car structure 15.

  When the main rope 11 breaks, the car sheave 14 does not rotate, but the tension of the main rope 11 to the suspension support 19 is lost, so that the suspension support 19 is applied with the acting force (repulsion) stored in the repulsion spring 20. Force) immediately moves downward in the range δ. Due to the downward movement of the suspension support body 19, the operation wire 22 constituting the second operation mechanism operates the safety link mechanism 23. For this reason, the right and left operation rods 24 are pulled up, the left and right safety 21 are operated, and the abnormal lowering of the car structure 15 is forcibly stopped.

  In the elevator apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention, the mass that is movable by the release of the elastic body 20 when the main rope 11 is broken is loaded with only the rotational speed detection unit 13 and the single car sheave 14, and generally only tension. This is a suspension support 19. For this reason, compared with the conventional support member in which a plurality of car sheaves and governor main bodies are mounted, it can be configured to be compact and lightweight, and the responsiveness of the operation of the safety 21 by the elastic body 20 is remarkably improved.

  Further, the elastic body 20 is compressed by the upper beam of the support frame 15b of the car structure 15 and the pressure receiving portion 26 of the suspension support body 19, but the elastic body 20 may bend more than a predetermined value. The compression deflection is limited to a predetermined range by the step portion formed at the boundary with the lower large diameter portion 27 of the suspension support body 19 so as not to be present. In this manner, the elastic body 20 can be reduced in size by providing the deflection limiting portion and limiting the load. This also greatly improves the responsiveness of the operation of the safety 21 by the elastic body 20.

  Further, the responsiveness is further improved by forming the car sheave 14 from a resin material. In other words, cast iron has been used for the car sheave 14 so far, but instead of this, when the car sheave 14 is made of a resin material such as nylon, which has been spreading in recent years, the weight is less than half compared to the case of using cast iron. can do. For this reason, the movable mass is significantly reduced in the governor mechanism of the car sheave drive, and the responsiveness of the safety operation by the elastic body 20 is further improved. Furthermore, when the car sheave 14 is made of a resin material such as nylon, reliability can be improved by extending the life of the main rope.

  As described above, the downsizing of the suspension support 19 on which the rotational speed detector 13 driven by the car sheave 14 and the single car sheave 14 and the like are improved, and the improvement of the responsiveness are mainly detected by detecting the breakage of the main rope 11. In order to reduce the movable mass by the elastic body 20 that activates, the responsiveness is remarkably improved.

  Further, in the conventional car sheave drive governor, as described above, the resultant force of the rope tension wound around the two car sheaves and the direction in which the elastic body is compressed in the arrangement under the car (the same applies to the arrangement on the car) Since the angle is 90 degrees, the angle is deviated by 45 degrees, and the structure is enlarged because the support is supported as a horizontal component force.

  On the other hand, in this embodiment, the elastic body 20 and the car sheave 14 are made to correspond to each other on the car structure body 15 and the direction in which the elastic body 20 is compressed is wound around one car sheave 14. By matching the resultant direction of the tension of the rope 11, the suspension support body 19 can be miniaturized as an axial shape. In addition, unlike the prior art, when the main rope is broken, the support body does not tilt due to a shift in the lowering timing of the left and right car sheaves, and the shaft-like suspension support body 19 enables smooth operation.

  By the way, an elevator apparatus including a governor mechanism is obliged to regularly check the operation according to the laws and regulations of each country. Therefore, it is necessary to have a structure that takes maintenance management into consideration. Therefore, a more desirable structure considering maintenance management will be described with reference to the partial structure diagram of FIG.

  FIG. 2 is a side view of a portion corresponding to the car sheave 14 and the rotation speed detector 13 driven to rotate in FIG.

  The rotation speed detection unit 28 mechanically detects the rotation speed by a pair of upper and lower flyweights 30 incorporated in the rotation plate 29. The fixed shaft 31 is fixed to the suspension support body 19 (not shown in FIG. 2) shown in FIG. 1, and the car sheave 32 and the rotary plate 29 are rotatably attached around the shaft.

The pair of flyweights 30 described above are connected to each other by a connecting member 36, and when the rotational speed of the rotating plate 29 becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined speed, the weight engaging member 34 is displaced outwardly against the tension of the spring 35. It is comprised so that it may engage with. That is, the spring 35 generates a tension that balances the centrifugal force acting on the rotating flyweight 30, and the connecting member 36 synchronizes the movement of the pair of flyweights 30. The weight engaging member 34 is attached to a lever 31b that can rotate with the fixed shaft 31 as a fulcrum. Thus, the configuration and operation of the rotational speed detector 28 are basically the same as those of the rotational speed detector 13 shown in FIG.

  In this embodiment, the rotating portion of the rotation speed detecting unit 28, that is, the rotating plate 29 is configured to be separable by an engagement member 33 provided between the rotating member and the car sheave 32, and can be rotated independently of the car sheave 32. It is characteristic that it is a structure.

  The engaging member 33 may have a simple structure in which the pins are connected and separated by manually inserting or removing the pins.

  In the above configuration, during normal operation of the elevator, the governor mechanism 28 is integrally connected to the car sheave 32 by the engaging member 33 provided between the rotating plate 29 and the car sheave 32. For this reason, both of these rotate together and detect the speed of the car structure. During normal times other than overspeed, the weight engaging member 34 is stationary and holds a predetermined position (angle) with respect to the fixed shaft 31.

  Generally, in the maintenance management of the governor mechanism, it is required to periodically check the trip operation. At normal times, the rotational speed detection unit (hereinafter referred to as governor body) 28 rotates to the car sheave 32 and the negative body to detect the speed of the car structure. At the time of maintenance inspection, the engaging member 33 is removed, and the restraint between the governor body 28 and the car sheave 32 is released. As a result, the car structure is stopped, and the governor body 28 is rotated alone with the car structure 32 suspended from the car sheave 32, and the flyweight 30 engages with the weight engaging member 34 at a predetermined trip speed. I can confirm that.

  As described above, in the elevator apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention, the governor mechanism by car sheave driving can be configured in a compact manner, and high-accuracy speed detection performance can be obtained. In addition, maintenance and inspection work necessary for the governor mechanism can be easily performed, and the configuration is optimum as an elevator apparatus for a high-rise building.

  Although several embodiments of the present invention have been described, these embodiments have been presented by way of example and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These novel embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. These embodiments and modifications thereof are included in the scope and gist of the invention, and are included in the invention described in the claims and the equivalents thereof.

11 ... Main rope 13,28 ... Rotational speed detector (governor body)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 14, 32 ... Car sheave 15 ... Car structure 16 ... 1st operation mechanism 17, 30 ... Fly weight 19 ... Suspension support body 20 ... Elastic body 21 ... Safety 22 ... 2nd operation mechanism

Claims (5)

A cage structure installed in the hoistway so as to be capable of ascending and descending;
A suspension support having a shaft shape, the shaft portion of which is attached to the upper portion of the car structure so as to be movable up and down, and has one car sheave around which the main rope is wound around the upper end side of the shaft portion;
An elastic body provided between a lower end portion of the suspension support body and the car structure, making a pair with the car sheave, and storing downward acting force by the tension of the main rope;
A rotation speed detection unit that is provided on the suspension support and detects the rotation speed of the rotation unit driven by the car sheave;
A first actuating mechanism that activates a safety that forcibly stops the descent of the car structure when the rotational speed detecting unit detects a predetermined rotational speed or more;
A second actuating mechanism that actuates the safety in accordance with the downward movement of the suspension support by the acting force accumulated in the elastic body;
An elevator apparatus comprising:   2. The elevator apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an accumulation direction of the acting force applied to the elastic body matches a resultant force direction of a tension of the main rope wound around the one car sheave.   The rotation speed detection unit has a flyweight that can be displaced outward by a centrifugal force accompanying rotation, and the first operating mechanism is displaced outward when the rotation speed reaches a predetermined speed or more. The elevator apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a weight engaging body arranged to be engageable with the flyweight, wherein the safety is operated in accordance with the engagement with the flyweight.   The elevator apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the rotation speed detection unit is configured to be separable from the car sheave and is rotatable independently of the car sheave.   The elevator apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the car sheave is formed of a resin material.

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