JP2016160703A - Wedge chisel, crushing method and crushing device - Google Patents

Abstract

[Problem] To increase the efficiency of crushing work using a wedge-shaped chisel by preventing the wedge-shaped chisel from getting caught in the drilled hole. [Solution] The chisel body has a shaft structure extending in an axial direction parallel to a first direction in which a drilled hole is formed in the object to be crushed, and a spiral structure portion in which multiple tips are spiraled on the side of the chisel body and the distance from the axis of the chisel body to the tip of the tip gradually decreases toward the tip of the chisel body. As the chisel body rotates around the axis, the tip of the chisel body is pushed into the drilled hole in the first direction, and the tip of the tip presses the inner wall of the drilled hole in a direction perpendicular to the first direction, breaking the rock around the drilled hole. [Selected Figure] Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a crushing technique for crushing the periphery of a drilled hole formed in an object to be crushed, such as a rock mass, a rock, and a concrete structure, with a wedge-type chisel.

  Conventionally, for crushing objects to be crushed, such as bedrock, rocks, concrete structures, etc., a crusher such as a hydraulic breaker is attached to the arm of a work machine such as a backhoe, and the tip of the chisel formed at an acute angle is covered. The chisel is advanced in the direction of the object to be crushed by contacting the surface of the crushed object and striking the rear end of the chisel with a reciprocating piston. At this time, a compression stress wave that travels in the direction of the object to be crushed is generated by striking the piston, which reaches the object to be crushed and crushes the object to be crushed. This crushing technique has the following problems because crushing of a rock mass or the like is performed using a compressive stress wave as described above. First of all, a loud percussion sound is generated when the object to be crushed is crushed, and the percussion sound may cause an environmental problem of noise particularly at a site close to a residential area.

  In addition, the rock mass has extremely high proof stress against compressive stress, and the conventional technology using the stress wave of compression cannot easily crush the rock mass or rock with high hardness. The amount that can be crushed and removed is only about 41 cubic meters per day. As described above, there is an inefficient aspect in terms of energy and workability, and there is room for improvement.

  Therefore, the applicant of the present application has proposed a crushing technique using a wedge-shaped chisel having a tapered shape as a technique for efficiently crushing an object to be crushed over a wide range (Patent Documents 1 to 4). In the inventions described in these Patent Documents 1 to 4, a hole is formed in the object to be crushed, and the tip of a wedge-shaped chisel configured as follows is pushed into the hole, and the periphery of the hole is crushed. To do. The wedge-type chisel has a first outer diameter whose tip end surface is smaller than the inner diameter of the drilling hole, and the outer diameter increases as it advances from the tip end surface to the rear end, and a second outer diameter larger than the inner diameter of the drilling hole. And has an inclined surface. And if the front-end | tip of a wedge type chisel is inserted in the inside of a drilling hole, an inclined surface will contact | abut to the inner wall of a drilling hole. When the rear end of the chisel is struck by the piston that reciprocates in the contact state, tensile stress acts on the object to be crushed around the hole in a direction substantially perpendicular to the reciprocating direction of the piston from the hole. The periphery of the drilling hole is crushed. According to the technique proposed by the applicant of the present application, it is possible to perform construction in consideration of the environment around the site by greatly reducing the impact sound. Moreover, the amount that can be crushed per unit time reaches, for example, about 181 cubic meters per day, and it is possible to crush large-capacity objects in a short time.

Japanese Patent No. 4636294 Japanese Patent No. 5145503 Japanese Patent No. 5145504 Japanese Patent No. 5352807

  By the way, in the conventional crushing technique, a crushing operation is performed with a wedge-type chisel by striking the rear end of the chisel with a piston in a state where the front end portion of the wedge-type chisel is inserted into the drilling hole. Since only the pushing force is applied to the wedge-shaped chisel in this way, the tip of the wedge-shaped chisel sometimes bites into the inner wall of the drilling hole. When such a biting phenomenon occurs, it is difficult to easily remove the wedge-type chisel from the hole, and there is a problem that the wedge-type chisel breaks during the extraction operation. Therefore, when the biting phenomenon occurs, the crushing operation by the wedge type chisel is interrupted, and the crushing operation is carried out after collecting the wedge type chisel by digging up the periphery of the drilled hole by the conventionally known hydraulic breaker or the like. There was a need to continue. When the wedge-shaped chisel bites in this way, the work efficiency is greatly reduced, and the construction cost is increased.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to suppress the wedge-type chisel from biting into the hole and increase the efficiency of the crushing work by the wedge-type chisel.

  A first aspect of the present invention is a wedge-type chisel, a chisel body having a shaft structure extending in an axial direction parallel to a first direction in which a hole is formed in an object to be crushed, and a plurality of chisel bodies The tip of the chisel body is spiral with respect to the side surface of the chisel body, and the chisel structure is provided such that the distance from the chisel body axis to the tip end portion of the chisel body gradually decreases toward the tip end of the chisel body. The tip of the chisel body is pushed in the first direction with respect to the drilling hole while the main body is rotated around the axis, thereby pressing the inner wall of the drilling hole in the direction perpendicular to the first direction at the tip of the chip. It is characterized by breaking rocks around.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a crushing method, the first step of preparing the wedge-shaped chisel, and the spiral structure portion being advanced in the first direction with the tip of the chisel body inserted into the hole. And a second step of pushing the tip of the chisel body in the first direction with respect to the drilling hole while splitting the periphery of the drilling hole while rotating the chisel body.

  Furthermore, a third aspect of the present invention is a crushing device comprising the wedge-type chisel and a work machine that inserts and removes the chisel body into the drilling hole while rotating the chisel body of the wedge-type chisel. The machine is characterized in that the tip of the chisel body is pushed in the first direction with respect to the drilling hole while the chisel body is rotated forward so that the spiral structure is advanced in the first direction, and the periphery of the drilling hole is divided. .

  As described above, according to the present invention, a plurality of chips are provided in a spiral shape on the side surface of the chisel body extending in the axial direction parallel to the forming direction (first direction) of the drilling hole, thereby forming the spiral structure portion. Has been. Moreover, in the spiral structure portion, a plurality of tips are provided in a spiral shape so that the distance from the chisel body axis to the tip end portion of the tip gradually decreases toward the tip end of the chisel body. It has a similar structure. When the tip of the chisel body is pushed in the first direction with respect to the drilling hole while rotating the chisel body about the axis, the tip of the tip presses the inner wall of the drilling hole in a direction perpendicular to the first direction. Split rock around the hole. Therefore, the tip of the chisel body of the wedge-shaped chisel can be stably fed into the drilling hole, and as a result, the wedge-shaped chisel is effectively prevented from biting into the drilling hole, and the wedge-shaped chisel is crushed by the wedge-shaped chisel. Work can be performed efficiently. Even if the biting occurs, the biting can be easily eliminated by rotating the chisel body in the reverse direction.

It is a figure which shows one Embodiment of the crushing apparatus equipped with 1st Embodiment of the wedge-shaped chisel concerning this invention. It is a figure which shows the wedge-shaped chisel used with the crushing apparatus of FIG. It is a figure which shows typically the operation | work which crushes a to-be-crushed object with the crushing apparatus shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows 2nd Embodiment of the wedge-shaped chisel concerning this invention. It is a figure which shows typically the operation | work which crushes a to-be-crushed object with the crushing apparatus using the wedge-shaped chisel shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows 3rd Embodiment of the wedge-shaped chisel concerning this invention.

  FIG. 1 is a view showing an embodiment of a crushing apparatus equipped with a first embodiment of a wedge-shaped chisel according to the present invention. This crushing apparatus includes a wedge-type chisel 2 having a shaft body structure extending in an axial direction parallel to the forming direction (+ X) of the drilling hole 11 formed in the object to be crushed (in FIG. 1, a boulder), and the wedge-type chisel And a work machine 3 that inserts and removes the workpiece 2 into and from the hole 11 of the object 1 while rotating 2 around the axis AX (FIG. 2). In addition, in FIG. 1 and the following drawings, in order to clarify the positional relationship between the object 1 to be crushed and each part of the apparatus, the drilling forming direction X, the right-and-left direction Y and the front-and-rear direction Z that are orthogonal to the hole-forming direction are supported. A three-dimensional coordinate system is used.

  FIG. 2 is a view showing a wedge-type chisel used in the crushing apparatus of FIG. 1, and corresponds to the first embodiment of the wedge-type chisel according to the present invention. In the figure, an enlarged cross-sectional view of a part of the wedge-shaped chisel 2 is shown. The wedge-shaped chisel 2 has a tapered shape toward the tip, a chisel body 21 in which the tip portion can be inserted into the hole 11, and a prismatic shape projecting in the (−X) direction from the rear end surface of the chisel body 21. It has a rear end portion 22 and a spiral structure portion 23 in which a plurality of wear-resistant tips 231 made of cemented carbide are spirally provided on the tapered surface 211 of the chisel body 21.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the chisel main body 21 has a columnar part 212 connected to the rear end part 22 and an inverted truncated cone part 213 extending in the (+ X) direction from the tip of the columnar part 212. The inverted truncated cone part 213 has a so-called tapered shape in which the outer diameter decreases as it advances toward the tip side, that is, the (+ X) direction side. More specifically, the rear end position of the inverted truncated cone part 213 has an outer diameter larger than the inner diameter d of the hole 11, while the tip position has an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter d of the hole 11. Thus, the side surface of the inverted truncated cone part 213 is a tapered surface 211, which corresponds to an example of the “side surface of the chisel body” of the present invention.

  A base end portion 231b of the wear-resistant tip 231 is embedded in the tapered surface 211 in a state where the distal end portion 231a of the wear-resistant tip 231 is expanded in the radial direction. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, a wear-resistant tip 231 made of cemented carbide finished in a round rivet (round head rivet) shape is used. The tip portion 231a of the wear-resistant tip 231 has a round or hemispherical shape, and a base end portion 231b extends from the rear end plane of the tip portion 231a. The wear-resistant tip 231 having such a shape has a proximal end portion 231b embedded in a concave portion previously formed in a spiral arrangement on the tapered surface 211 so that the distal end portion 231a projects radially from the tapered surface 211. In this state, the chisel body 21 is firmly fixed. In FIG. 2, a one-dot chain line VL attached to the tapered surface 211 is an imaginary line indicating the arrangement of the wear-resistant tips 231. As shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of wear-resistant tips 231 are arranged in a spiral at regular intervals. Is arranged in. Note that the virtual line VL is also provided in FIG. 4 and FIG. 6 described later to clarify the spiral arrangement of the wear-resistant tips. By adopting such a configuration, the spiral structure portion 23 has a structure similar to a so-called tapered male screw portion. In the present embodiment, since the wear-resistant tip 231 having the same size is used, in the spiral structure portion 23, the distance L from the axis AX of the chisel body 21 to the tip 231a of each wear-resistant tip 231 (see FIG. 2). ) Gradually decreases from the rear end side of the chisel body 21 toward the front end. In this embodiment, when the wear-resistant tip 231 is traced clockwise when the spiral structure portion 23 is viewed from the rear end side of the chisel body 21, the tip portion 231a of the wear-resistant tip 231 is moved away from the tip side. This is a so-called “right-hand thread”. Therefore, rotating the chisel body 21 clockwise is referred to as “forward rotation”, and rotating counterclockwise is referred to as “reverse rotation”.

  Further, in the region of the tapered surface 211 where the wear-resistant tip 231 is not provided, as shown in FIG. 2, a groove portion 214 is formed on the side surface of the inverted truncated cone portion 213 from the rear end portion to the front end portion of the chisel body 21. (Tapered surface 211). For this reason, as will be described in detail later, when the tip of the chisel body 21 is inserted into the hole 11, the tip side space (see FIG. 3 (b) is connected to the space on the rear end side of the chisel body 21, that is, the atmospheric space, and serves as an air vent from the inside of the hole.

  Further, in order to rotate the spiral structure portion 23 forward and backward around the axis AX, the rear end portion 22 is provided on the rear end surface of the chisel body 21 as described above, and the rear end portion 22 is interposed as shown in FIG. It can be attached to the work machine 3. Note that reference numeral 221 in FIG. 2 denotes a stopper that prevents the chisel body 21 from coming off from the work machine 3.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the work machine 3 includes a construction vehicle 31 such as a backhoe, a bracket 32 attached to an arm 311 of the construction vehicle 31, a hydraulic motor 33 and a speed reducer 34 held by the bracket 32, a speed reduction And a chuck 35 that grips the rear end portion 22 of the wedge-type chisel 2 while being connected to a rotating shaft (not shown) of the hydraulic motor 33 via a machine 34. The hydraulic motor 33 can rotate the rotating shaft forward and backward by receiving supply of pressure oil from a hydraulic supply source (not shown) via a switching valve. The rotating shaft of the hydraulic motor 33 is connected to the chuck 35 via a speed reducer 34. For this reason, the wedge-shaped chisel 2 gripped by the chuck 35 can be rotated forward and backward at a desired rotational speed around the axis AX by controlling the rotational direction and rotational speed of the hydraulic motor 33. Further, the wedge-shaped chisel 2 can be inserted into and removed from the hole 11 by the operator controlling the movement of the arm 311 of the construction vehicle 31. In addition, the code | symbol 36 in FIG. 1 suppresses that the sound which generate | occur | produces when performing the crushing operation | work by inserting / removing to the hole 11 and rotating around the chisel main body 21 as noise is propagated to the circumference | surroundings as demonstrated below. It is a soundproof cover.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing an operation of crushing an object to be crushed by the crushing apparatus shown in FIG. In addition, in the same figure (and FIG. 5 demonstrated later), illustration of the working machine 3 is abbreviate | omitted. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3A, the work machine 3 is operated after forming the hole 11 having the inner diameter d in the (+ X) direction in the center of the object 1 to be crushed (the hole forming step). The wedge-shaped chisel 2 is positioned at a position directly above the drilling hole 11 while making the axial direction of the wedge-shaped chisel 2 coincide with the drilling formation direction X (preparation step: first step). Then, the wedge-shaped chisel 2 is lowered in the direction (+ X) to insert the leading end portion of the wedge-shaped chisel 2 into the drilling hole 11, and pressure oil is supplied from a hydraulic supply source (not shown) to the hydraulic motor 33 via a switching valve. By supplying, the rotating shaft of the hydraulic motor 33 is rotated, and the rotational force is transmitted to the wedge-shaped chisel 2 via the speed reducer 34 and the chuck 35. As a result, as shown in FIG. 3B, the tip of the wedge-shaped chisel 2 is pushed into the hole 11 while the wedge-shaped chisel 2 rotates forward about the axis AX. At this time, the tip end portion 231a of the wear-resistant tip 231 provided in the spiral structure portion 23 slides in a spiral manner on the inner wall of the drilling hole 11, and the spiral structure portion 23 slowly proceeds in the drilling formation direction (+ X). Go. In this embodiment, since the plurality of wear-resistant tips 231 are arranged in a spiral shape, the tip portion 231a of the wear-resistant tip 231 is in contact with the inner wall of the drilling hole 11 to advance the spiral structure portion 23 described above. Along with this, the inner wall of the hole 11 is pressed in the radial direction, and a tensile stress is applied to the periphery of the hole 11 by this pressing force to split the periphery of the hole 11 and introduce many cracks into the object 1 to be crushed. (Crushing step: second step). In the present embodiment, the rotational speed and torque of the wedge-shaped chisel 2 are adjusted by the speed reducer 34, and the traveling speed of the helical structure 23 and the tip 231 a of the wear-resistant tip 231 radiate the inner wall of the hole 11 in the radial direction. It is possible to easily optimize the force that presses the lens.

  When the crushing around the scheduled hole 11 is completed in this way, the pressure oil is switched from the hydraulic supply source to the hydraulic motor 33 to reverse the rotation of the hydraulic motor 33 and the operation of the work machine 3 as shown in FIG. The wedge-shaped chisel 2 is pulled up. Here, while the right-hand screw is provided in the spiral structure portion 23, the hydraulic motor 33 is rotated in the reverse direction (counterclockwise), so that the tip of the wear-resistant tip 231 provided in the spiral structure portion 23 is provided. Contrary to the time of the crushing step, the portion 231a slides spirally on the inner wall of the hole 11 and the spiral structure 23 slowly moves in the direction (-X) and is pulled out of the hole 11 (drawing step: No. 1). 3 steps).

  Further, even if the chisel main body 21 is bitten before the planned crushing around the hole 11 is completed, the reverse rotation of the hydraulic motor 33 and the work machine 3 are performed in the same manner as in the above-described extraction process. The biting can be eliminated by pulling up by the operation (fourth step).

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the spiral structure portion 23 is provided in the chisel body 21 of the wedge-shaped chisel 2, and the wedge-shaped chisel 2 is pushed around the hole 11 while rotating around the axis AX of the spiral structure portion 23. The periphery of the hole 11 is crushed. At this time, since the tip portion 231a of the wear-resistant tip 231 provided in the spiral structure portion 23 slides in a spiral manner on the inner wall of the drilling hole 11, the spiral structure portion 23 proceeds slowly in the drilling formation direction (+ X). The tip of the wedge-shaped chisel 2 can be stably fed into the hole 11. As a result, the wedge-shaped chisel 2 can be effectively prevented from biting into the hole 11 and the efficiency of the crushing operation by the wedge-shaped chisel 2 can be increased.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the wedge-shaped chisel 2 can be easily pulled out from the drilling hole 11 by the reverse rotation of the hydraulic motor 33 and the pulling up by the operation of the work machine 3, which greatly contributes to the efficiency of the crushing work. Even if the biting occurs, the biting can be easily eliminated by rotating the chisel body 21 in the reverse direction.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, since the crushing operation | work of the to-be-crushed object 1 is performed combining the rotation of the hydraulic motor 33 and the spiral structure part 23, compared with the prior art which performed crushing by impact, noise is significantly increased. The environmental performance can be increased. Moreover, in this embodiment, the force given to the hole 11 from the wedge-shaped chisel 2 during the crushing process can be controlled by adjusting the rotation speed of the hydraulic motor 33 and the reduction ratio of the speed reducer 34. For example, the crushing apparatus can be operated under conditions suitable for the object to be crushed 1 by adjusting the rotation speed of the hydraulic motor 33 in accordance with the physical properties of the object to be crushed 1, and excellent crushing efficiency can be obtained.

  In the above embodiment, the hydraulic motor 33 is always normally rotated during the crushing process. However, the crushing process may be performed while alternately performing the normal rotation and the reverse rotation for a short time. Can be further suppressed.

  By the way, in the said embodiment, although the some wear-resistant chip | tip 231 is helically provided in the taper surface 211 at equal intervals, and the helical structure part 23 is formed, about the space | interval of the abrasion-resistant chip | tip 231 is arbitrary, For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the spiral structure portion 23 may be formed by arranging in a line in a spiral manner in two stages of a narrow pitch and a wide pitch (second embodiment).

  FIG. 4 is a view showing a second embodiment of the wedge-shaped chisel according to the present invention. As described above, the wedge-shaped chisel 2 is greatly different from the first embodiment in the interval between the wear-resistant tips 231 in the spiral structure portion 23, and the other configurations are the same. In this embodiment, the plurality of wear-resistant tips belong to one of the first tip group Ga and the second tip group Gb. That is, the wear resistant tip 232 belonging to the first tip group Ga has one side of the axis AX in the direction P (corresponding to the “second direction” of the present invention) orthogonal to the axis direction X as shown in FIG. On the right hand side, the (+ P) direction side) is provided at a narrow pitch. On the other hand, the wear-resistant tips 233 belonging to the second tip group Gb are provided at a narrow pitch on the other side of the axis AX in the direction Y (the left-hand side in the figure and the (−P) direction side). The three continuous bodies of wear-resistant tips 232 belonging to the first chip group Ga and the three continuous bodies of wear-resistant chips 233 belonging to the second chip group Gb are alternately provided in a row in a spiral form. The distance between the bodies is a wide pitch. In addition, since the other structure is the same as 1st Embodiment, it attaches | subjects the same code | symbol about the same structure, and abbreviate | omits description.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically showing an operation of crushing an object to be crushed by a crushing apparatus using the wedge-shaped chisel shown in FIG. The lower drawing in the figure is a plan view seen from the direction A in the upper drawing, and the wedge-shaped chisel 2 is not shown and schematically shows how to crack. Further, black circles and dotted lines in the upper drawing of the figure are given for understanding the progress of the wedge-shaped chisel 2 toward the hole 11.

  In this embodiment, after forming a hole 11 having an inner diameter d in the (+ X) direction at the center of the object 1 to be crushed (drilling step), the work machine 3 is operated to remove the wedge-shaped chisel 2 from the hole 11. (Preparation process). Then, the wedge-shaped chisel 2 is lowered in the direction (+ X) to insert the leading end portion of the wedge-shaped chisel 2 into the drilling hole 11, and pressure oil is supplied from a hydraulic supply source (not shown) to the hydraulic motor 33 via a switching valve. By supplying, the rotating shaft of the hydraulic motor 33 is rotated, and the rotational force is transmitted to the wedge-shaped chisel 2 via the speed reducer 34 and the chuck 35. As a result, the tip of the wedge-shaped chisel 2 is pushed into the hole 11 while the wedge-shaped chisel 2 is rotated forward about the axis AX, and the crushing step is executed as in the above embodiment. However, since the wedge-shaped chisel 2 shown in FIG. 4 is used, the periphery of the hole 11 can be reliably crushed while controlling the crack generation mode as described below.

  When the rotation angle of the wedge-shaped chisel 2 is the angle θ1, the (+ P) direction in FIG. 4 coincides with the (+ Y) direction, and as shown in (b-1) in FIG. 5, the maximum of the first chip group Ga is obtained. The tip side wear resistant tip 232 and the tip side wear resistant tip 233 of the second tip group Gb press the inner wall of the hole 11 in the (+ Y) direction and the (−Y) direction, respectively. Therefore, a crack K is generated in the Z direction from the drilled hole 11.

  While the wedge-shaped chisel 2 is rotated clockwise from the rotation angle θ1, the direction in which the wear-resistant tip 232 and the wear-resistant tip 233 are pressed gradually moves, and is different from the crack K along with the movement. As a result, cracks K are sequentially formed. For example, when the wedge-shaped chisel 2 is rotated about the axis AX by 90 ° clockwise from the rotation angle θ1, as shown in FIG. 5B-2, the wear-resistant tip 232 and the wear-resistant chip 232 are worn. The tip 233 presses the inner wall of the hole 11 in the (+ Z) direction and the (−Z) direction, respectively. Therefore, a crack K is generated in the Y direction from the drilled hole 11. Further, during the rotational movement so far, the wear-resistant tip 232 and the wear-resistant tip 233 press the inner wall of the hole 11 at an angular position different from the above to sequentially form the cracks K. In FIG. 5B-2, only a part thereof is illustrated.

  Further, while the wedge-shaped chisel 2 is rotated clockwise from the rotation angle θ2, the direction in which the wear-resistant tip 232 and the wear-resistant tip 233 are pressed gradually moves, and the crack K is associated with the movement. Additional cracks K are formed in different ways. For example, when the wedge-shaped chisel 2 is rotated about the axis AX by 90 ° in the clockwise direction from the rotation angle θ2, the wear-resistant tip 232 and the wear-resistant tip 233 are formed in the hole 11 as shown in FIG. The inner wall is pressed in the (−Y) direction and the (+ Y) direction, respectively. Therefore, cracks K are further generated in the Y direction from the hole 11. In addition, during the rotational movement so far (angular positions θ2 to θ3), the wear-resistant tip 232 and the wear-resistant tip 233 press the inner wall of the hole 11 at an angular position different from the above to sequentially form the cracks K. Go. In FIG. 5B-3, only a part thereof is illustrated.

  As described above, the wedge-shaped chisel 2 advances into the hole 11 by rotating the wedge-shaped chisel 2 around the axis AX, and the crack K is removed from the hole 11 while continuously changing different angular directions around the hole 11. They are formed sequentially in a radial pattern. In this way, the periphery of the drilling hole 11 can be divided while controlling the direction in which the crack K is formed, and the object to be crushed 1 can be crushed well.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications other than those described above can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, in the second embodiment, a plurality of wear-resistant tips constituting the spiral structure portion 23 are divided into two tip groups Ga and Gb, but the number of divisions is not limited to “2”, and is arbitrary. For example, the number of divisions may be set to “4” (third embodiment).

  FIG. 6 is a view showing a third embodiment of the wedge-type chisel according to the present invention. The wedge-shaped chisel 2 is greatly different from the second embodiment as described above, in which the helical structure portion 23 is composed of a plurality of wear-resistant tips, and these wear-resistant tips are divided into four chip groups Ga to Gd. It is a point that is divided into. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 6, the wear-resistant tips 234 belonging to the first tip group Ga are in a direction P (corresponding to the “second direction” of the present invention) orthogonal to the axial direction X as shown in FIG. They are provided at a narrow pitch on one side of the axis AX (the right-hand side in the figure and the (+ P) direction side). On the other hand, the wear-resistant tips 235 belonging to the second tip group Gb are provided at a narrow pitch on the other side of the axis AX in the direction Y (the left-hand side in the figure, the (−P) direction side). Further, the wear-resistant tips 236 belonging to the third tip group Gc are on one side of the axis AX in the direction Q (corresponding to the “third direction” of the present invention) orthogonal to the axis direction X (the lower left side in FIG. + Q) direction side) is provided at a narrow pitch. On the other hand, the wear-resistant tips 237 belonging to the fourth tip group Gd are provided at a narrow pitch on the other side of the axis AX in the direction Y (the upper right side in the figure and the (−Q) direction side). Then, two continuous bodies of wear-resistant tips 234 belonging to the first chip group Ga, two continuous bodies of wear-resistant chips 235 belonging to the second chip group Gb, and two continuous bodies of wear-resistant chips 236 belonging to the third chip group Gc. The body and two continuous bodies of wear-resistant tips 237 belonging to the fourth chip group Gd are provided in a spiral manner in a row in this order, and the interval between the two continuous bodies is a wide pitch. In addition, since the other structure is the same as the said embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected about the same structure and description is abbreviate | omitted.

  Even when the object to be crushed is crushed by the crushing apparatus using the wedge-shaped chisel 2 configured as described above, basically the wedge-shaped chisel is rotated by the rotation of the wedge-shaped chisel 2 around the axis AX as in the second embodiment. Cracks K are sequentially formed radially from the drilling hole 11 while changing the different angular directions continuously around the drilling hole 11 as 2 advances into the drilling hole 11. Therefore, the material 1 to be crushed can be crushed well.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the front-end | tip part of the abrasion-resistant chip | tip 231-237 is finished in the round head or hemispherical shape, the shape of the said front-end | tip part is not limited to this, It is arbitrary, It is preferable that the surface of the tip portion that faces the inner wall of the hole 11 has a curved shape corresponding to the inner wall.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the some abrasion-resistant chip | tip is arrange | positioned spirally in 1 row, you may arrange | position in multiple rows | lines or a strip | belt shape spirally. In the above embodiment, when the wear-resistant tip 231 is traced clockwise when the spiral structure portion 23 is viewed from the rear end side of the chisel body 21, the tip end portion 231a of the wear-resistant tip 231 is moved away from the tip side. Although it is a so-called “right-handed screw”, when the wear-resistant tip 231 is traced counterclockwise, the tip portion 231a of the wear-resistant tip 231 moves away from the tip side so as to be a so-called “left-handed screw”. Also good.

  Further, in the above embodiment, crushing processing is performed using a boulder (rock) as the “object to be crushed” of the present invention, but the object to be crushed of the present invention, that is, the object to be crushed is not limited to a rock, Also includes bedrock and concrete structures.

  In the above embodiment, the wedge-shaped chisel 2 is held by holding the rear end portion 22 of the wedge-shaped chisel 2 with the chuck 35. However, the rear end portion 22 and the chuck 35 are provided with through holes, and the through-holes are provided. It is possible to increase the holding force by inserting the connecting pin. In addition, it is preferable to use a tapered connecting pin.

  Further, in the above embodiment, the hydraulic motor 33 is used as a drive source for rotating the wedge-shaped chisel 2, but a motor that operates by electricity or compressed air may be used as the drive source.

  The present invention is applied to all techniques for crushing the periphery of a hole by pushing the tip of a wedge-shaped chisel having a tapered shape into a hole formed in an object to be crushed such as rock, rock, or a concrete structure. be able to.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Object to be crushed 2 ... Wedge type chisel 3 ... Work machine 11 ... Drilling hole 21 ... Chisel body 23 ... Spiral structure 211 ... Tapered surface (side surface of chisel body)
231 to 237... Wear resistant tip 231a... Tip (of wear resistant tip) AX... Axis d... Inner diameter Ga ... First tip group Gb ... Second tip group Gc ... Third tip group Gd ... Fourth Chip group K ... Crack L ... Distance between tip of tip and chisel body axis P ... Second direction Q ... Third direction X ... Drilling direction, axial direction (first direction)

A first aspect of the present invention is a wedge-type chisel, a chisel body having a shaft structure extending in an axial direction parallel to a first direction in which a hole is formed in an object to be crushed, and a plurality of chisel bodies The tip of the chisel body is spiral with respect to the side surface of the chisel body, and the chisel structure is provided such that the distance from the chisel body axis to the tip end portion of the chisel body gradually decreases toward the tip end of the chisel body. The tip of the chisel body is pushed in the first direction with respect to the drilling hole while the main body is rotated around the axis, thereby pressing the inner wall of the drilling hole in the direction perpendicular to the first direction at the tip of the chip. It is characterized by breaking rocks around.
In one example of the first aspect, each chip belongs to one of the first chip group and the second chip group, and the chip belonging to the first chip group is one of the axes in the second direction orthogonal to the axis direction. The chip belonging to the second chip group is provided on the other side of the axis in the second direction, and the spiral structure portion includes a chip belonging to the first chip group and a chip belonging to the second chip group. It is arranged alternately.
In another example of the first aspect, each chip belongs to one of the first chip group to the fourth chip group, and the chip belonging to the first chip group has an axis in the second direction orthogonal to the axis direction. Chips provided on one side and belonging to the second chip group are provided on the other side of the axis in the second direction, and chips belonging to the third chip group are orthogonal to the axis direction and different from the second direction. The chip that is provided on one side of the axis in the direction and that belongs to the fourth chip group is provided on the other side of the axis in the third direction, and the spiral structure portion includes the chip that belongs to the first chip group and the second chip group , Chips belonging to the third chip group, and chips belonging to the fourth chip group are cyclically arranged in this order.

Claims (9)

A chisel body having a shaft body structure extending in an axial direction parallel to a first direction in which drilling holes are formed with respect to an object to be crushed;
A spiral structure portion in which a plurality of chips are spiral with respect to the side surface of the chisel body, and the distance from the axis of the chisel body to the tip of the tip gradually decreases toward the tip of the chisel body. And
The tip of the chisel body is pushed in the first direction with respect to the drilling hole while the chisel body is rotated around the axis, so that the inner wall of the drilling hole is orthogonal to the first direction at the tip of the tip. A wedge-shaped chisel that is pressed in the direction of cutting to split the periphery of the hole. The wedge-shaped chisel according to claim 1,
Each chip belongs to one of the first chip group and the second chip group,
Chips belonging to the first chip group are provided on one side of the axis in a second direction orthogonal to the axis direction, and chips belonging to the second chip group are provided on the other side of the axis in the second direction. And
The spiral structure portion is a wedge type chisel formed by alternately arranging chips belonging to the first chip group and chips belonging to the second chip group. The wedge-shaped chisel according to claim 1,
Each chip belongs to one of the first chip group to the fourth chip group,
Chips belonging to the first chip group are provided on one side of the axis in a second direction orthogonal to the axis direction, and chips belonging to the second chip group are provided on the other side of the axis in the second direction. And
The chips belonging to the third chip group are provided on one side of the axis in a third direction that is orthogonal to the axial direction and different from the second direction, and the chips belonging to the fourth chip group are in the third direction. Provided on the other side of the axis,
The spiral structure portion circulates chips belonging to the first chip group, chips belonging to the second chip group, chips belonging to the third chip group, and chips belonging to the fourth chip group in this order. Wedge-shaped chisel. A wedge-shaped chisel according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
Further comprising a groove portion provided in a region of the side surface of the chisel body that is not provided with the tip from the rear end portion of the chisel body toward the tip portion,
When the tip of the chisel body is pushed in the first direction with respect to the drilling hole, the tip side space of the chisel body of the drilling hole and the chisel body are formed by the inner wall of the drilling hole and the groove. A wedge-shaped chisel that communicates with the rear end side space. A first step of preparing the wedge-shaped chisel according to any one of claims 1 to 4;
With the tip of the chisel body inserted into the drilling hole, the tip of the chisel body is moved with respect to the drilling hole while rotating the chisel body so as to advance the spiral structure portion in the first direction. A crushing method comprising: a second step of pushing in a direction to split rock around the hole. The crushing method according to claim 5,
A crushing method further comprising, after the second step, a third step of pulling out the chisel body from the hole while rotating the chisel body in a direction opposite to the rotation direction of the chisel body in the second step. The crushing method according to claim 5 or 6,
Fourth step of pulling out the chisel body from the hole while rotating the chisel body in a direction opposite to the rotation direction of the chisel body in the second step when the chisel body is engaged with the inner wall of the hole. A crushing method further comprising: A wedge-shaped chisel according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A work machine that inserts and removes the chisel body into the drilling hole while rotating the chisel body of the wedge-shaped chisel,
The work machine pushes the tip of the chisel body in the first direction with respect to the drilling hole while rotating the chisel body in a forward direction so that the spiral structure is advanced in the first direction. A crushing device characterized by dividing the surrounding rocks. The crushing device according to claim 8,
A crushing device in which the work machine is capable of rotating the chisel body in forward and reverse directions, and reverses the chisel body when the chisel body is pulled out of the hole.

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