JP2015505959A - 癌を有する患者に治療を選択する方法 - Google Patents
癌を有する患者に治療を選択する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2015505959A JP2015505959A JP2014545002A JP2014545002A JP2015505959A JP 2015505959 A JP2015505959 A JP 2015505959A JP 2014545002 A JP2014545002 A JP 2014545002A JP 2014545002 A JP2014545002 A JP 2014545002A JP 2015505959 A JP2015505959 A JP 2015505959A
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Abstract
Description
[0048]上記に記載した通り、細胞の増殖に関与するシグナル伝達経路の活性化は、多くの異なるタイプの癌に特徴的である分子上の特色である。多くの場合、特定のシグナル伝達経路及びその構成成分の活性は、所与のタイプの癌に対する分子シグネチャーとして働き得る。このような活性化した構成成分は、治療的介入に有用な標的をさらに提供し得る。したがって、処置前、処置間、及び処置後の癌細胞内の特定のシグナル伝達システムの活性レベルの知識は、医師に、適用すべき好適な処置コース(course of treatment)を選択するのに用いることができる高度に関連のある情報を提供する。さらに、処置が進行するにつれ癌細胞において活性であるシグナル伝達経路を絶えずモニタリングすることにより、処置の有効性に対するさらなる情報を医師に提供することができ、例えば、同じ又は別のいずれかのシグナル伝達経路を活性化するさらなる異常によって、癌細胞が処置に抵抗性になっている場合に、特定の処置コースを継続するか、又は別の系統の処置に切り替えるか否かのいずれかを医師に促す。
[0052]「癌」の語は、異常な細胞の非制御の成長によって特徴付けられる一クラスの疾患の任意のメンバーを含むことが意図される。この語は、悪性、良性、軟組織、又は固形と特徴付けられても、いなくても、全ての知られている癌及び新生物性の状態を含み、転移前及び転移後の癌を含めた全ての病期及び進行度の癌を含む。様々なタイプの癌の例には、それだけには限定されないが、消化性及び胃腸の癌、例えば、胃癌(例えば、胃の癌)、直腸結腸癌、消化管間質腫瘍(GIST)、消化管カルチノイド腫瘍、結腸癌、直腸癌、肛門癌、胆管癌、小腸癌、及び食道癌;乳癌;肺癌(例えば、非小細胞肺癌(NSCLC));胆嚢癌;肝臓癌;膵臓癌;虫垂癌;前立腺癌、卵巣癌;腎臓癌(例えば、腎細胞癌);中枢神経系の癌;皮膚癌;リンパ腫;神経膠腫;絨毛癌;頭部及び頸部の癌;骨原性肉腫;並びに血液の癌が含まれる。非小細胞肺癌の例には、それだけには限定されないが、扁平上皮癌、大細胞癌、及び腺癌が含まれる。本明細書で用いられる「腫瘍」は、1つ又は複数の癌性細胞を含む。
[0074]一実施形態において、本発明は、患者からの腫瘍試料における、シグナル伝達分析物の発現のレベル及び/又は活性化(例えば、リン酸化)の度合いを測定(例えば、検出及び定量化)するための方法を提供する。別の一態様において、方法は患者に特異的な経路プロファイルを提供し、プロファイルは、基準経路プロファイルに対する、シグナル伝達分析物の発現及び/又は活性化の状態を表す。いくつかの実施形態において、基準プロファイルは、健常対象又は癌を有することが疑われない対象の経路プロファイルを表す。他の実施形態において、基準プロファイルは、癌細胞株の経路プロファイルを表す。
[0086]ある態様において、乳癌、肺癌、膵臓癌、直腸結腸癌、胃癌、皮膚癌、又は他の癌の細胞などの癌細胞の細胞抽出物における、1つ又は複数の(例えば、複数の)シグナル伝達分子(例えば、受容体チロシンキナーゼ、例えば、HER2、若しくはErbBファミリーの他のメンバー、若しくはPI3Kなどのシグナリング経路構成成分)の発現レベル及び/又は活性化状態を、支持体上に固定されている希釈系列の捕獲抗体を含む抗体ベースのアレイを用いて検出する。アレイは、様々なアドレス指定できる(addressable)位置において固体支持体の表面にカップリングされている、ある範囲の捕獲抗体濃度の、複数の様々な捕獲抗体を含むのが典型的である。
[0090]いくつかの実施形態において、腫瘍細胞などの細胞の細胞抽出物における、対象の特定の分析物(例えば、PI3Kシグナリング経路、MEKシグナリング経路、HER2シグナリング経路、HER3シグナリング経路、及び/又は他の受容体チロシンキナーゼシグナリング経路の構成成分などのシグナル伝達分子)の発現及び/又は活性化のレベルを検出するためのアッセイは、優れたダイナミックレンジを有する、多重化された、ハイスループット2抗体アッセイである。非限定的な例として、アッセイにおいて用いられる2つの抗体は、(1)分析物に特異的な捕獲抗体、及び(2)活性化形態の分析物に特異的な検出抗体(すなわち、活性化状態依存的抗体)を含むことができる。活性化状態依存的抗体は、例えば、リン酸化、ユビキチン化、及び/又は複合体形成の状態の分析物を検出することができる。或いは、検出抗体は、細胞抽出物における分析物の合計量を検出する、活性化状態依存的抗体を含む。
(i)細胞抽出物を、1つ又は複数の希釈系列の捕獲抗体とインキュベートして、複数の捕獲された分析物を形成させるステップと、
(ii)複数の捕獲された分析物を、対応する分析物に特異的な検出抗体とインキュベートして、複数の検出可能な捕獲された分析物を形成させるステップであって、検出抗体が、分析物の活性化(例えば、リン酸化)のレベルを検出するための活性化状態依存的抗体、又は分析物の発現レベル(例えば、合計量)を検出するための活性化状態非依存的抗体を含むステップと、
(iii)複数の検出可能な捕獲された分析物を、シグナル増幅対の第1のメンバー及び第2のメンバーとインキュベートして、増幅したシグナルを産生させるステップと、
(iv)シグナル増幅対の第1のメンバー及び第2のメンバーから産生された、増幅したシグナルを検出するステップと
を含む。
(i)細胞抽出物を、全長の受容体の細胞外ドメイン(ECD)結合領域に特異的な複数のビーズとインキュベートするステップと、
(ii)複数のビーズを細胞抽出物から除去し、それによって全長の受容体を除去して、全長の受容体のない細胞抽出物を形成させるステップと、
(iii)全長の受容体のない細胞抽出物を、全長の受容体の細胞内ドメイン(ICD)結合領域に特異的な希釈系列の1つ又は複数の捕獲抗体とインキュベートして、捕獲され切断された複数の受容体を形成させるステップと、
(iv)捕獲された切断された複数の受容体を、全長の受容体のICD結合領域に特異的な検出抗体とインキュベートして、複数の検出可能な捕獲され切断された受容体を形成させるステップであって、検出抗体が、切断された受容体の発現レベル(例えば、全量)を検出するための、切断された受容体又は活性化状態非依存的抗体の活性化(例えば、リン酸化)レベルを検出するための、活性化状態依存的抗体を含むステップと、
(v)複数の検出可能な捕獲され切断された受容体を、シグナル増幅対の第1のメンバー及び第2のメンバーとインキュベートして、増幅したシグナルを産生するステップと、
(vi)シグナル増幅対の第1のメンバー及び第2のメンバーから産生された増幅したシグナルを検出するステップと
を含む。
[0100]一実施形態において、本発明は、それだけには限定されないが、HER1/HER2二量体、HER1/HER3二量体、HER2/HER3二量体、HER2/HER2二量体、HER2/HER4二量体、p95HER2/HER3二量体、p95HER2/HER2二量体などを含めた、受容体チロシンキナーゼ(RTK)のホモ二量体化又はヘテロ二量体化を、検出及び/又は定量化するための方法を提供する。ホモ二量体は、ホモ二量体化と呼ばれるプロセスにおいて、HER2/HER2などの2つの同一の分子によって形成され、ヘテロ二量体は、ヘテロ二量体化と呼ばれるプロセスにおいて、HER1/HER3などの2つの異なる巨大分子によって形成される。この態様において、近接アッセイは、(1)二量体対の1メンバーに特異的な捕獲抗体、(2)二量体対の第1のメンバーに特異的な第1の検出抗体(第1の検出抗体は、捕獲抗体と異なるドメインに特異的である)、及び(3)二量体対の第2のメンバーに特異的な第2の検出抗体の3つの抗体を含む。癌細胞におけるRTK二量体化の検出に関するCEER技術は、その開示の全文が全ての目的で参照によって本明細書に組み入れられる、米国特許公開第2008/0261829号、第2009/0035792号、第2010/0167945号、第2011/0071042号、及び第2011/0281748号に記載されている。
(i)細胞抽出物を、1つ又は複数の希釈系列の捕獲抗体とインキュベートして、複数の捕獲された分析物を形成させるステップと、
(ii)複数の捕獲された分析物を、a)二量体化した受容体チロシンキナーゼ対の1メンバーに特異的な、第1の若しくは複数の第1の活性化状態非依存的抗体、又はb)PI3K p110サブユニットのいずれかを含む第1の検出抗体、並びにa)二量体化した受容体チロシンキナーゼ対、PI3K p85、若しくはPI3K p110サブユニットの1メンバーに特異的な、a)第2の若しくは複数の第2の活性化状態非依存的抗体、又はb)PI3K p85サブユニット及び/若しくはPI3K p110サブユニットに特異的な活性化状態依存的抗体のいずれかを含む第2の検出抗体とインキュベートして、複数の検出可能な、捕獲され、二量体化され、複合体化された分析物を形成するステップであって、
第1の検出抗体が、促進性部分で標識されており、第2の検出抗体がシグナル増幅対の第1のメンバーで標識されており、促進性部分が、シグナル増幅対の第1のメンバーに向けて流れ、第1のメンバーと反応する酸化剤を産生するステップと、
(iii)複数の検出可能な、捕獲され、二量体化された分析物を、シグナル増幅対の第2のメンバーとインキュベートして、増幅したシグナルを産生するステップと、
(iv)シグナル増幅対の第1のメンバー及び第2のメンバーから産生された増幅したシグナルを検出するステップであって、増幅したシグナルの量が細胞抽出物におけるPI3K複合体の量に相関的であるステップと
を含む。
(i)細胞抽出物を、1つ又は複数の希釈系列の捕獲抗体とインキュベートして、複数の捕獲された分析物を形成させるステップと、
(ii)複数の捕獲された分析物を、1つ又は複数の活性化状態非依存的抗体、及び対応する分析物に特異的な活性化状態依存的抗体の1つ又は複数を含む検出抗体とインキュベートして、複数の検出可能な捕獲された分析物を形成するステップであって、
活性化状態非依存的抗体が促進性部分で標識されており、活性化状態依存的抗体がシグナル増幅対の第1のメンバーで標識されており、促進性部分が、シグナル増幅対の第1のメンバーに向けて流れ、第1のメンバーと反応する酸化剤を産生するステップと、
(iii)複数の検出可能な捕獲された分析物を、シグナル増幅対の第2のメンバーとインキュベートして増幅したシグナルを産生するステップと、
(iv)シグナル増幅対の第1のメンバー及び第2のメンバーから産生された増幅したシグナルを検出するステップと
を含む。
(i)細胞抽出物を、全長の受容体の細胞外ドメイン(ECR)結合領域に特異的な複数のビーズとインキュベートするステップと、
(ii)複数のビーズを細胞抽出物から除去し、それによって全長の受容体を除去して、全長の受容体のない細胞抽出物を形成させるステップと、
(iii)全長の受容体のない細胞抽出物を、全長の受容体の細胞内ドメイン(ICD)結合領域に特異的な捕獲抗体の1つ又は複数とインキュベートして、捕獲され切断された複数の受容体を形成させるステップと、
(iv)捕獲され切断された複数の受容体を、1つ又は複数の活性化状態非依存的抗体、及び全長の受容体のICD結合領域に特異的な1つ又は複数の活性化状態依存的抗体を含む検出抗体とインキュベートして、検出可能な捕獲され切断された複数の受容体を形成させるステップであって、
活性化状態非依存的抗体が促進性部分で標識され、活性化状態依存的抗体がシグナル増幅対の第1のメンバーで標識され、促進性部分はシグナル増幅対の第1のメンバーに向けて流れ、第1のメンバーと反応する酸化剤を産生するステップと、
(v)検出可能な捕獲され切断された複数の受容体を、シグナル増幅対の第2のメンバーとインキュベートして増幅したシグナルを産生させるステップと、
(vi)シグナル増幅対の第1のメンバー及び第2のメンバーから産生された増幅したシグナルを検出するステップと
を含む。
(i)細胞抽出物を、1つ又は複数の希釈系列の捕獲抗体とインキュベートして、複数の捕獲された分析物を形成させるステップと、
(ii)複数の捕獲された分析物を、相当する分析物に特異的な1つ又は複数の、第1及び第2の活性化状態非依存的抗体を含む検出抗体とインキュベートして、複数の検出可能な捕獲された分析物を形成させるステップであって、
第1の活性化状態非依存的抗体が促進性部分で標識されており、第2の活性化状態非依存的抗体がシグナル増幅対の第1のメンバーで標識されており、促進性部分がシグナル増幅対の第1のメンバーに向けて流れ、第1のメンバーと反応する酸化剤を産生するステップと、
(iii)複数の検出可能な捕獲された分析物を、シグナル増幅対の第2のメンバーとインキュベートして増幅したシグナルを産生するステップと、
(iv)シグナル増幅対の第1のメンバー及び第2のメンバーから産生された、増幅したシグナルを検出するステップと
を含む。
(i)細胞抽出物を、全長の受容体の細胞外ドメイン(ECD)結合領域に特異的な複数のビーズとインキュベートするステップと、
(ii)複数のビーズを細胞抽出物から除去し、それにより全長の受容体を除去して全長の受容体のない細胞抽出物を形成させるステップと、
(iii)全長の受容体のない細胞抽出物を、全長の受容体の細胞内ドメイン(ICD)結合領域に特異的な1つ又は複数の捕獲抗体とインキュベートして、捕獲され切断された複数の受容体を形成させるステップと、
(iv)捕獲され切断された複数の受容体を、全長の受容体のICD結合領域に特異的な第1及び第2の活性化状態非依存的抗体の1つ又は複数を含む検出抗体とインキュベートして、複数の検出可能な捕獲され切断された受容体を形成させるステップであって、
第1の活性化状態非依存的抗体が促進性部分で標識されており、第2の活性化状態非依存的抗体がシグナル増幅対の第1のメンバーで標識されており、促進性部分がシグナル増幅対の第1のメンバーに向けて流れ、第1のメンバーと反応する酸化剤を産生するステップと、
(v)複数の検出可能な捕獲され切断された受容体を、シグナル増幅対の第2のメンバーとインキュベートして、増幅したシグナルを産生させるステップと、
(iv)シグナル増幅対の第1のメンバー及び第2のメンバーから産生された、増幅したシグナルを検出するステップと
を含む。
[0139]本明細書に記載する方法は、シグナル伝達分析物(例えば、HER1、HER2、HER3、cMET、IGF−1R、PI3K、AKT、ERK、MEK、p70S6K、PDK1、PRAS40、PTEN、RPS6、及びSHC)の、発現のレベル及び/又は活性化の度合い(例えば、リン酸化若しくは複合体生成)を、検出し、測定し、定量化するための抗体を利用するものである。本発明において使用するための抗体は、例えば、Millipore、Promega(Madison、WI)、R&D Systems,Inc.(Minneapolis、MN)、Life Technologies(Carlsbad、CA)、CHEMICON International,Inc.(Temecula、CA)、Santa Cruz Biotechnology(Santa Cruz、CA)、Thermo Fisher Scientific(Waltham、MA)、Abcam(Cambridge、MA)、及びLab Vision(Kalamazoo、MI)から市販されている。
[0154]いくつかの実施形態において、方法は、基準経路プロファイル及び試験経路プロファイルの1つ又は複数の経路プロファイルを産生し、次いでこれらを比較して特定の処置レジメンの効果を決定することを含む。乳房腫瘍を処置するための抗癌薬を選択するために経路プロファイルを産生する詳細な説明は、その開示の全文が全ての目的で参照によって本明細書に組み入れられる、米国特許第8,163,499号に見出される。
[0169]単一薬剤標的治療は、1つ又は複数の平行する/補償性のシグナリング経路のフィードバックの阻害又は活性化のために、無効であることがある。いくつかの場合において、1つのシグナリング経路の阻害は、別の関連の、又は非関連のシグナリング経路の活性化をもたらす。本発明の方法は、単剤薬物治療のため、フィードバックの阻害の存在及び/又は代償性のシグナリング経路の活性化を検出するのに、並びに癌の処置のための組合せの薬物治療の選択を推奨するのに用いられる。例えば、薬物処置により、第1のシグナリング経路における殆ど又は全てのシグナル伝達分子が薬物の非存在下におけるよりも実質的に活性化が低くなる場合(例えば、薬物のないときは強力であった活性化から、薬物で活性化が弱く、非常に弱く、又はほとんどなくなる変化)、及び第2のシグナリング経路における殆ど又は全てのシグナル伝達分子が薬物の非存在下におけるよりも実質的に活性化される場合(例えば、薬物がないときは弱かった活性化から、薬物で活性化が強く、又は非常に強くなる変化)、薬物処置は組合せの薬物治療を含まなければならない。例えば、患者は、第1のシグナリング経路に対する標的の薬物治療、及び第2のシグナリング経路に対する標的の薬物治療を受けなければならない。いくつかの場合において、複数のシグナリング経路を標的とする単剤薬物を用いることができる(例えば、マルチ−キナーゼ又はパン−キナーゼ(pan−kinase)インヒビター)。治療クールの間、薬物処置が患者の癌の処置に不適切であると思われる場合、産生するのに、異なる薬物が選択され、用いられ、次いで新たな試験経路プロファイルを基準活性化プロファイルと比較する。
[0182]本発明の方法にしたがい、本明細書に記載する抗癌薬は、当技術分野において知られている任意の便利な手段によって対象に投与される。本発明の方法を用いて、腫瘍(例えば、原発又は転移性の乳房腫瘍)の、1つ又は複数の抗癌薬での処置に対する応答を決定、予想、同定、及び/又はモニタリングすることができる。本発明の方法を用いて、対象における腫瘍(例えば、原発又は転移性の乳房腫瘍)の処置に適する1つ又は複数の抗癌薬を選択することもできる。当業者であれば、抗癌薬(複数可)を単独で、又は従来の化学療法、放射線療法、ホルモン療法、免疫療法、及び/若しくは外科手術と組み合わせた治療的手法の一部として投与することができることを理解されよう。
[0209]この実施例は、様々な細胞株において、HER1、HER2、cMET、PI3K、AKT、ERK、PTEN、MEK、p70S6K、PRAS40、RPS6、及びPDK1(図1)を含めた癌経路の生物マーカーをプロファイリングするためにCEERを用いる方法を説明する。CEERの詳細な記載は、その開示の全文が全ての目的で参照によって本明細書に組み入れられる、2012年4月24日発行の米国特許第8,163,499号に見出される。
[0215]本実施例は、本明細書に記載する方法を用いて、特定の細胞が単一のインヒビター治療に応答する可能性があるか、又は代替的に組合せのインヒビター治療に応答する可能性があるかを決定することができることを説明するものである。CEER技術を用いて、PI3K経路及び他の下流のシグナル伝達タンパク質を、様々な癌細胞株においてプロファイリングした。
[0227]この実施例は、CEERによって検出されるPI3Kの活性化を用いて、患者がPI3Kインヒビター治療に応答する可能性を決定することができることを示す。本実施例は、本明細書の方法が、処置コースの間、長期的な薬物のモニタリングに有用であることも示す。
[0234]この実施例は、患者からの腫瘍試料の経路のプロファイリングは、癌の進行、処置の応答、及び疾患の状態に関する有用な情報を提供することを示すものである。
[0242]この実施例は、それだけには限定されないが、HER1、HER2、cMET、PI3K、AKT、mTOR、p70S6K、RPS6、MEK、ERK、PDK1、及びPTENを含めた、全てのPI3K複合体及び活性化したPI3K複合体の経路の構成成分の存在に相関する、活性化した(リン酸化された)PI3K複合体の存在を実証するものである。この実施例は、いくつかの場合において、PI3K活性化のレベルの上昇した乳癌患者は、活性化した(リン酸化された)AKTをやはり発現することを示す。
[0250]この実施例は、PI3KインヒビターであるBYL719(Novartis)で処置した患者からの、BCA臨床試料のCEERベースの分析を示す。特に、個々の患者からのシグナリング経路プロファイルは、BYL719処置コースの間に移行することが示されている。したがって、PI3K関連経路のCEERベースの分析により、臨床成績を改善するためのBYL719処置の、応答性の、個別化されたマネージメントが可能になる。発癌性受容体チロシンキナーゼ(HER1、HER2、HER3、cMET、IGF−1R、及びcKIT)、並びにPI3K、並びにSHC、AKT、ERK、MEK、RSK、pRAS40、RPS6、P70S6K、及びPTENを含めた他のチロシンキナーゼシグナリングカスケード構成成分を定量化した。全タンパク質及び活性化したタンパク質のレベルを測定した。
Claims (24)
- 癌と診断された対象に処置を選択するための方法であって、
(a)経路プロファイルを決定するための近接アッセイを用いて、対象から採取した試料におけるHER1、HER2、HER3、cMET、IGF−1R、PI3K、AKT、ERK、MEK、p70S6K、PDK1、PRAS40、PTEN、RPS6、SHC及びこれらの組合せからなる群から選択される1つ又は複数のシグナル伝達分析物の発現及び/又は活性化レベルを測定するステップと、
(b)対象の経路プロファイルに基づいて、対象が標的のインヒビター治療に応答する可能性があるか否かを決定することにより、標的のインヒビター治療を推奨するステップと
を含む方法。 - 癌が、乳癌、直腸結腸癌、胃癌、肺癌、膵臓癌、及び前立腺癌からなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- ステップ(a)が、対象の経路プロファイルを基準経路プロファイルと比べることをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 基準経路プロファイルが、癌細胞株からの試料を用いて決定される、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 基準経路プロファイルが、特定のタイプの癌を有する対象からの試料を用いて決定される、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 近接アッセイが協同的酵素増強反応性イムノアッセイ(CEER)である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 標的のインヒビターが、チロシンキナーゼインヒビター、PI3Kインヒビター、MEKインヒビター、HER2インヒビター、HER3インヒビター、及びそれらの組合せからなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- PI3Kインヒビターが、BYL719、BAY841236、BAY806946、SF1126、XL147、XL765、NVP−BEZ235、NVP−BGT226、NVP−BKM120、GDC−0941、PX−866、GSK1059615、CAL−101、及びそれらの組合せからなる群から選択される、請求項7に記載の方法。
- MEKインヒビターが、BAY869766、MEK162、GDC−0973/RG7420、GDC−0623/RG7421、RG7167、RG7304、XL518、PD−325901、及びそれらの組合せからなる群から選択される、請求項7に記載の方法。
- HER2インヒビターが、トラスツズマブ、トラスツズマブ−DM1、エルツマクソマブ、ゲフィチニブ、エルロチニブ、ペリチニブ、CP−654577、CP−724714、カネルチニブ/CI1033/PD183805、HKI−272、ラパチニブ、ネラチニブ、PKI−166/CGP−75166、AEE788、BMS−599626、HKI−727、HKI−357、BIBW2992、AG1478、Arry−380、ARRY−334543、Bay846、D69491、DXL−702、JNJ−26483327、及びそれらの組合せからなる群から選択される、請求項7に記載の方法。
- HER3インヒビターが、MM−121、AMG−888、トラスツズマブ、ペルツズマブ、セツキシマブ、MEHD7945A/RG7597、RG7116、ゲフィチニブ、エルロチニブ、カネルチニブ、ラパチニブ、MP−470、AZD8931、PF00299804、及びそれらの組合せからなる群から選択される、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 試料が、細針吸引物、腫瘍組織生検、腫瘍細胞、又は循環腫瘍細胞である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 癌を有する対象に対して、治療を最適化し、又は標的のインヒビターの治療有効性をモニタリングするための方法であって、
(a)標的のインヒビターでの治療クールにわたって複数の時点で対象から採取した試料における、HER1、HER2、HER3、cMET、IGF−1R、PI3K、AKT、ERK、MEK、p70S6K、PDK1、PRAS40、PTEN、RPS6、SHC、及びそれらの組合せからなる群から選択される1つ又は複数のシグナル伝達分析物の発現及び/又は活性化レベルを測定して、経路プロファイルを決定するステップと、
(b)対象の経路プロファイルに基づいて、対象が標的のインヒビターに応答性であるか否かを決定するステップと、
(c)対象が応答性である場合、標的のインヒビターの投与を継続することを推奨するステップと
を含む方法。 - 対象が非応答性である場合、標的のインヒビターの投与を改変することを推奨することをさらに含む、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 対象が非応答性である場合、少なくとも2つの標的のインヒビターの投与を推奨することをさらに含む、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 複数の時点における第1の時点が、標的のインヒビターでの治療クール前である、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 複数の時点における1つ又は複数の後の時点が、標的のインヒビターでの治療クールの間にある、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 癌が、乳癌、直腸結腸癌、胃癌、肺癌、膵臓癌、及び前立腺癌からなる群から選択される、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 試料が、細針吸引物、腫瘍組織生検、腫瘍細胞、又は循環腫瘍細胞である、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 標的のインヒビターが、チロシンキナーゼインヒビター、PI3Kインヒビター、MEKインヒビター、HER2インヒビター、HER3インヒビター、及びそれらの組合せからなる群から選択される、請求項13に記載の方法。
- PI3Kインヒビターが、BYL719、BAY841236、BAY806946、SF1126、XL147、XL765、NVP−BEZ235、NVP−BGT226、NVP−BKM120、GDC−0941、PX−866、GSK1059615、CAL−101、及びそれらの組合せからなる群から選択される、請求項20に記載の方法。
- MEKインヒビターが、BAY869766、MEK162、GDC−0973/RG7420、GDC−0623/RG7421、RG7167、RG7304、XL518、PD−325901、及びそれらの組合せからなる群から選択される、請求項20に記載の方法。
- HER2インヒビターが、トラスツズマブ、トラスツズマブ−DM1、エルツマクソマブ、ゲフィチニブ、エルロチニブ、ペリチニブ、CP−654577、CP−724714、カネルチニブ/CI1033/PD183805、HKI−272、ラパチニブ、ネラチニブ、PKI−166/CGP−75166、AEE788、BMS−599626、HKI−727、HKI−357、BIBW2992、AG1478、Arry−380、ARRY−334543、Bay846、D69491、DXL−702、JNJ−26483327、及びそれらの組合せからなる群から選択される、請求項20に記載の方法。
- HER3インヒビターが、MM−121、AMG−888、トラスツズマブ、ペルツズマブ、セツキシマブ、MEHD7945A/RG7597、RG7116、ゲフィチニブ、エルロチニブ、カネルチニブ、ラパチニブ、MP−470、AZD8931、PF00299804、及びそれらの組合せからなる群から選択される、請求項20に記載の方法。
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