JP2015203610A - Blood coagulation time measurement device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a blood coagulation time measurement device capable of surely sucking a predetermined amount of blood to be measured to a measurement channel 40.SOLUTION: A measurement cartridge 12 having a measurement channel 40 comprises a cylinder mechanism 52 and a blood injection port 22 whose upper side is opened, a bottom part of the blood injection port 22 is communicated with one end side of the measurement channel 40 via a coupling path 68, and a pressure chamber whose internal space becomes wider by movement of a piston 54 of the cylinder mechanism 52 is communicated with the other end side of the measurement channel 40 via a second communication path 70. A rod slide mechanism 56 for pressing and moving the piston 54 is provided on a measurement device body 10. In a state that the measurement cartridge 12 is stored in the measurement device body 10, by driving of the rod slide mechanism 56, the piston 54 is moved by predetermined length, and the blood to be measured injected in the blood injection port 22 is sucked into the measurement channel 40 by a predetermined amount.

Description

  The present invention relates to a blood coagulation time measurement device that sucks a predetermined amount of measurement blood into a measurement channel in order to measure the time until blood is coagulated.

In dialysis, circulatory system surgery, etc., blood is taken out of the body and returned to the body again. The blood taken out of the body will coagulate over time and become inappropriate for return to the body. Anticoagulants are administered to prevent this blood clotting, but the effects of such anticoagulants are reduced by the action of the human body, and it is necessary to administer the anticoagulant again before blood clotting begins There is. Thus, the anticoagulant can be administered again at an appropriate time if the time during which the blood will clot before the blood spontaneously clots can be predicted. Here, when the blood taken out of the body is stirred and a coagulation promoter is mixed with the blood, coagulation of the blood is promoted. Using this phenomenon, if blood coagulation is promoted and the time to coagulate is measured, the blood coagulation time can be predicted from the measurement time without adding a coagulation promoter, and the blood is not stirred. It is possible to predict the blood coagulation time. For this purpose, various techniques for measuring the clotting time of blood taken out of the body have been proposed. As an example, U.S. Pat. No. 5,372,946 (Patent Document 1) includes a measuring device and a measuring container. The measuring blood is introduced into a measuring capillary provided in the measuring container and inserted into the measuring device. A technique to measure the blood coagulation time from the change in the time required for this reciprocating movement is shown by moving the measuring blood in the measuring capillary back and forth by increasing or decreasing the pump pressure of the air pump provided in the device. ing. A predetermined amount of measurement blood is sucked into the measurement capillary by the pump pressure of the air pump.
US Pat. No. 5,372,946

  In the technique described in Patent Document 1 described above, the air pump provided in the measurement device and the measurement capillary tube of the measurement container inserted in the measurement device need to communicate with each other with an airtight structure. This is because if the air leaks without being communicated by the airtight structure, the predetermined pump pressure cannot be increased or decreased, and naturally the time required for the reciprocating movement of the blood to be measured is different. A structure in which the air pump and the measurement capillary are communicated with each other by simply inserting the measurement container into the measurement apparatus requires a high dimensional accuracy in the shape of both the measurement apparatus and the measurement container. Also, when sucking a predetermined amount of measurement blood into the measurement capillary, a predetermined pump pressure is required, and if the airtight structure in communication is incomplete and the pump pressure does not reach the predetermined pressure, the measurement blood to be sucked This causes a problem that the amount of the ink becomes smaller than a predetermined amount.

  The present invention has been made in view of the circumstances of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a blood coagulation time measurement device that can reliably suck a predetermined amount of measurement blood into a measurement channel.

  In order to achieve such an object, the blood coagulation time measurement apparatus of the present invention includes a measurement cartridge provided with a measurement channel that is long with respect to a cross-sectional area, and the measurement blood in the measurement channel that contains the measurement cartridge. In the blood clotting time measuring device comprising a measuring device main body for measuring the clotting time, the measuring cartridge is provided with a cylinder mechanism and a blood inlet opening upward, and the bottom of the blood inlet is connected to the measuring channel by a connecting passage. The pressure chamber whose internal volume increases due to the movement of the piston of the cylinder mechanism is communicated to a position away from the communication path of the measurement flow path by a second communication path, and the measurement apparatus main body is connected to the cylinder mechanism. A cylinder driving mechanism for moving the piston is provided, and the measuring cartridge is housed in the measuring device main body, and the cylinder driving mechanism drives the cylinder driving mechanism. It is configured to suction a predetermined amount of a predetermined length only moved so by measuring blood which is introduced into the blood inlet piston into the measurement flow path.

  Then, the bottom of the blood inlet is connected to one end of the measurement flow path through the connection path, and the pressure chamber whose internal volume increases due to the movement of the piston of the cylinder mechanism is connected to the measurement flow through the second communication path. You may comprise and communicate with the other end side of a path | route.

  Further, the measurement cartridge is formed in a flat shape by disposing a central member and thin sealing materials on the upper and lower surfaces thereof, the measurement channel and the blood inlet are provided in the central member from above, and the measurement channel The upper surface is covered with the sealing material, and a groove having a narrow width and a shallow depth is provided in the central member so that the bottom portion of the blood inlet and the one end portion of the measurement channel communicate from below, and the lower surface of the groove is formed on the center member. Covered with the sealing material to form the communication passage, the width of the pressure chamber whose internal volume is increased by the movement of the piston from below and the other end of the measurement flow path are narrow and shallow. A groove may be provided, and the lower surface of the groove may be covered with the sealing material to constitute the second communication path.

  In addition, the cylinder mechanism provided in the measurement cartridge has a hole that has a large diameter from one side to the opening side and a step in the middle of the central member. The gasket can slide in close contact with the inner wall of the hole. The bush provided with the piston may be inserted, a bushing through which the piston is in close contact, and provided in the step, and the pressure chamber may be configured between the gasket and the bush.

  Further, the cylinder mechanism may be arranged in the measurement cartridge so as to be parallel to and parallel to the longitudinal direction of the measurement flow path, and the measurement cartridge may be formed in a flat shape that is long in the longitudinal direction.

  In addition, a cartridge locking mechanism that prevents the measurement cartridge from moving in the direction in which the piston is pressed when the piston is pressed and moved by the cylinder driving mechanism may be provided in the measurement apparatus main body. .

  Further, the measuring device main body is provided with a cartridge insertion hole for inserting and storing the measuring cartridge in the longitudinal direction, and the piston of the cylinder mechanism is moved by being pushed in the direction opposite to the inserting direction by the cylinder driving mechanism. In addition, a cartridge locking mechanism may be provided in the measurement apparatus main body to prevent the measurement cartridge from coming out of the cartridge insertion hole when the piston is pressed and moved by the cylinder driving mechanism. good.

  The cylinder driving mechanism may be configured such that a rod is inserted into the measurement cartridge by driving and the piston is pressed and moved.

  In addition, one end of the piston of the cylinder mechanism protrudes from the measurement cartridge, and the cylinder driving mechanism rotates a cam abutting on the piston and presses one end of the piston protruding from the measurement cartridge. May be configured to be inserted.

  In the blood coagulation time measuring device according to claim 1, since the blood injection port and the cylinder mechanism are provided in the measurement cartridge provided with the measurement flow channel, the communication channel and the cylinder mechanism that communicate the measurement flow channel and the blood injection port. And the second communication path communicating with the measurement flow path can be integrally formed with an airtight structure. Thus, the negative pressure generated by the movement of the piston of the cylinder mechanism can be reliably applied to the measurement channel, and the measurement blood introduced into the blood inlet can be reliably sucked into the measurement channel by a predetermined amount. Since the communication passage and the second communication passage are separated from each other, the measurement blood sucked into the measurement flow path through the communication passage is not sucked into the second communication passage.

  In the blood coagulation time measuring apparatus according to claim 2, the communication path is provided on one end side of the measurement flow path, and the second communication path is provided on the other end side of the measurement flow path. The two communication passages are provided farthest away, and the measurement blood sucked into the measurement flow path via the communication passage is hardly sucked into the second communication passage.

  In the blood coagulation time measuring device according to claim 3, the measurement channel and the blood inlet are formed in the center member from above, the upper surface of the measurement channel is covered with a sealing material, and the center member is viewed from below. A narrow and shallow groove is provided to connect the bottom of the blood inlet and one end of the measurement channel, and the lower surface of this groove is covered with a sealing material to form a communication path. Since the groove having a narrow width and a shallow depth is provided to communicate the pressure chamber and the other end of the measurement flow path, and the lower surface of the groove is covered with a sealing material, the second communication path is configured. By making the sealing material covering the upper and lower surfaces closely contact with the central member, the measurement flow path, the communication path, and the second communication path can be formed into an airtight structure with a simple structure.

  In the blood coagulation time measuring device according to claim 4, a hole having a large diameter from the one side to the opening side and a step in the middle is formed in the central member, and the hole slides in close contact with the inner wall of the hole. Since the piston provided with the gasket to be obtained is inserted, the bush that penetrates the piston in close contact is provided at the step, and the cylinder mechanism is configured with the pressure chamber between the gasket and the bush, the configuration of the cylinder mechanism is simple.

  In the blood coagulation time measuring apparatus according to claim 5, since the cylinder mechanism is arranged in the measurement cartridge so as to be parallel to and parallel to the longitudinal direction of the measurement flow path, the measurement cartridge is disposed in the longitudinal direction. It is possible to form a long flat shape, which is effective for reducing the size of the measurement cartridge.

  7. The blood coagulation time measuring device according to claim 6, wherein the measuring device main body has a cartridge locking mechanism for preventing the measuring cartridge from moving in the direction in which the piston is pushed when the piston is pushed and moved by the cylinder driving mechanism. Therefore, when the measurement blood is sucked into the measurement flow path, there is no problem that the measurement cartridge moves and a predetermined amount of measurement blood cannot be sucked.

  In the blood coagulation time measuring apparatus according to claim 7, a cartridge insertion hole is provided in the measurement apparatus main body so that the measurement cartridge can be inserted and accommodated in the longitudinal direction, and the measurement cartridge does not come out of the cartridge insertion hole. Since the cartridge locking mechanism is provided in the main body of the measuring device, the measurement cartridge may come out of the cartridge insertion hole when the piston of the cylinder mechanism is pushed and moved in the direction opposite to the insertion direction by the cylinder driving mechanism. There is nothing.

  In the blood coagulation time measuring device according to claim 8, since the rod of the cylinder drive mechanism is inserted into the measurement cartridge and moves by pressing the piston, the piston does not protrude from the measurement cartridge, The piston is not accidentally pressed and moved when the measurement cartridge is transported.

  In the blood coagulation time measuring device according to claim 9, the one end portion of the piston of the cylinder mechanism protruding from the measuring cartridge is pressed and moved by the rotation of the cam of the cylinder driving mechanism. The configuration is simple.

  Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the blood coagulation time measuring apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of a first embodiment of a blood coagulation time measuring apparatus according to the present invention, which includes a measuring apparatus main body and a measuring cartridge, and shows a state before the measuring cartridge is inserted into the measuring apparatus main body. FIG. 2 shows a state in which the measurement cartridge is inserted into the measurement apparatus main body from the state of FIG. FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway view showing the inside of the measuring apparatus main body in the state of FIG. 2, (a) is a partially cutaway front view, and (b) is a partially cutaway side view. FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of a cartridge housing member provided in the measuring apparatus main body and a view showing a swing mechanism. FIGS. 5A and 5B are diagrams showing the movement of the cartridge housing member in the measuring apparatus main body. FIG. 5A shows a state in which the tip end is swung obliquely upward, and FIG. 5B shows a state in which the tip end is swung obliquely downward. It is in a state of being moved. 6A and 6B are diagrams showing the structure of the measurement cartridge, wherein FIG. 6A is a partially cutaway plan view, FIG. 6B is a left side view, and FIG. 6C is an AA cross-sectional arrow of FIG. It is a view and (d) is a BB cross-sectional arrow view of (a). 7A and 7B show an example of a cylinder drive mechanism, where FIG. 7A is a longitudinal sectional view of a state where the rod does not project, FIG. 7B is a longitudinal sectional view of a state where the rod projects, and FIG. It is a left view of (a), (d) is the A section enlarged view of (c). FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating that the piston of the cylinder mechanism provided in the measurement cartridge is pressed by the rod of the cylinder driving mechanism. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing that a predetermined amount of measurement blood is sucked into the measurement flow path when the piston of the cylinder mechanism is pressed and moved. In the state where the piston of FIG. (B), the blood to be measured is still put into the blood inlet, and when the piston is pushed and moved as shown in (c), a part of the blood measured at the blood inlet is moved as shown in (d). When the piston is sucked up to the communication channel to the measurement channel and the piston is further pressed and moved to a predetermined length as shown in (e), a predetermined amount of measurement blood in the blood inlet is passed through the communication channel as shown in (f). Is sucked into. FIG. 10 is a view showing a cartridge locking mechanism for preventing the measurement cartridge from coming out of the cartridge housing member when the piston of the cylinder mechanism is pressed by the rod of the cylinder drive mechanism, and (a) is a diagram showing the measurement cartridge. FIG. 6B is a plan view of the cut-out before inserting the cartridge into the predetermined position, and FIG. FIG. 11 shows the state of the measurement blood and the sphere in the measurement flow path when the measurement cartridge is swung in the cartridge housing portion, and (a) shows the state in which the tip side is raised most obliquely upward. (B) is the state where the tip side is lowered most diagonally downward.

  In the first embodiment, the blood coagulation time measuring device of the present invention is constituted by a measuring device main body 10 and a measuring cartridge 12, as shown in FIG. The measuring apparatus main body 10 is provided with a power switch 14 as an operating means, a start button 16 and a display means 18 for displaying the coagulation time. Further, the measuring cartridge 12 can be inserted and accommodated in the measuring apparatus main body 10. Thus, an opening 20 is provided. As shown in FIG. 2, the measurement cartridge 12 is inserted into the measurement apparatus main body 10 in the length direction, and in this inserted state, the insertion rear end of the measurement cartridge 12 is located outside the measurement apparatus main body 10, and blood injection to be described later is performed. Measurement blood can be injected into the inlet 22. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the cartridge housing member 26 provided with the cartridge insertion hole 24 in which the measurement cartridge 12 is inserted and can accommodate the measurement cartridge 12 in the measurement apparatus main body 10 measures the opening of the cartridge insertion hole 24. A swinging shaft 28 is provided so as to be swingable so as to face the opening 20 of the apparatus main body 10. A guide pin 30 is provided on the cartridge housing member 26, and a cam 34 of a swing mechanism 32 provided on the measurement apparatus main body 10 is in contact therewith. The cam 34 is rotationally driven by a motor 36, the rotational state thereof is detected by a photo interrupter 38, and switching control of the rotational direction is performed. Therefore, the cartridge housing member 26 is swung by the rotation of the cam 34. Furthermore, the cartridge housing member 26 has a light emitting device 42 and a light receiving device 44 so as to face the central portion of the measurement cartridge 12 in the inserted and housed state and to face a measurement flow path 40 to be described later so as to be sandwiched vertically. Arranged. These light emitting device 42 and light receiving device 44 constitute a light receiving detection means. In addition, a limit switch 46 for detecting that the measurement cartridge 12 is properly inserted into the cartridge insertion hole 24 is disposed at a position behind the cartridge insertion hole 24. Further, a heater 48 and a temperature sensor 50 are provided to maintain the measurement cartridge 12 at a predetermined temperature. The cartridge housing member 26 is provided with a rod slide mechanism 56 as a cylinder driving mechanism for pressing and moving a piston 54 of a cylinder mechanism 52 (described later) provided in the measurement cartridge 12. As shown in FIG. 5, the rotation of the cam 34 of the swing mechanism 32 causes the cartridge housing member 26 to be tilted upward as shown in FIG. 5A, and as shown in FIG. It is swung between the state lowered downward. The state in which the tip portion is raised most obliquely upward and the state in which the tip portion is lowered obliquely downward are determined by the position of the cam 34 detected by the photo interrupter 38 and appropriately controlled by a microcomputer or the like. The direction of movement is switched.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the measuring cartridge 12 has a flat shape made entirely of a transparent member such as a resin, and upper and lower surfaces are covered with thin sealing materials 58 and 58, respectively. As an example, the length is about 80 mm, the width is about 25 mm, and the thickness is about 8 mm. And the measurement flow path 40 long in the length direction is provided in the central member 60 by cutting from above. As an example, the measurement channel 40 has a length of about 25 mm, a width of about 5 mm, and a depth of about 7 mm. In addition, the blood injection port 22 is cut and provided on the rear end side of the central member 60 from above. Further, a hole that becomes the cylinder wall 64 of the cylinder mechanism 52 is deeply drilled from the insertion tip surface of the central member 60. This hole is formed with a large diameter on the opening side and a step in the middle. Further, an air vent hole 66 communicating with the outside of the central member 60 is formed at the drilling tip portion of the hole. A groove having a narrow width and a shallow depth is cut and provided in the central member 60 as a communication path 68 that communicates the bottom of the blood inlet 22 and the bottom of one end of the measurement channel 40 from below. Further, the second communication passage 70 having a narrow width and a small depth communicates with the central member 60 from below the bottom of the other end of the measurement flow path 40 and the pressure chamber whose internal volume increases as the piston 54 of the cylinder mechanism 52 moves. Shallow grooves are cut and provided. The measurement channel 40 is covered with a sealing material 58 provided on the upper surface, and the communication path 68 and the second communication path 70 are covered with a sealing member 58 provided on the lower surface. A piston 54 provided with a gasket 72 that slides in close contact with the cylinder wall 64 having a small diameter on the tip side is inserted into the hole that becomes the cylinder wall 64 of the cylinder mechanism 52. In addition, a bush 74 through which the piston 54 penetrates is provided at a step portion having a large diameter hole. The pressure chamber between the gasket 72 and the bush 74 constitutes a cylinder mechanism 52 whose internal volume is increased by the movement of the piston 54. Further, a groove having a narrow width in the length direction is provided at the bottom of the measurement channel 40, and a coagulation accelerator is applied in the groove. Further, as shown in FIG. 11, a sphere 78 as a rotating member made of iron or the like having a higher specific gravity than blood is disposed in the measurement channel 40 so as to be movable in the length direction in the measurement channel 40. The diameter of the sphere 78 is about 4 mm as an example.

  As shown in FIG. 7, in the rod slide mechanism as the cylinder drive mechanism, the hollow shaft 102 is rotationally driven by the hollow motor 100, and the rod 80 is screwed to the nut 106 fixed to the hollow shaft 102. The projecting side of the rod 80 has an oval cross section, and is penetrated through a rectangular hole of the bracket 110 fixed to the hollow motor 100 via a spacer 108. The structure does not rotate. Therefore, when the nut 106 is rotated by the rotational drive of the hollow motor 100, the rod 80 screwed with the nut 106 moves in the protruding direction. Then, the protruding amount of the rod 80 can be detected by the photo interrupter 104, and the protruding amount of the rod 80 can be controlled.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 8, the rod 80 of the rod slide mechanism 56 provided in the cartridge housing member 26 is disposed so as to face the piston 54 of the cylinder mechanism 52 of the measurement cartridge 12 inserted and housed in the cartridge housing member 26. Is done. The rod 80 protrudes and is inserted into a hole that becomes the cylinder wall 64, and the piston 54 is pressed and moved by a predetermined dimension. The protruding dimension of the rod 80 is appropriately detected and controlled by a photo interrupter 104 and a microcomputer 90 described later. By the movement of the piston 54, the dimension between the gasket 72 fixed to the piston 54 and the bush 74 fixed to the cylinder wall 64 increases, and the internal volume of the pressure chamber between the gasket 72 and the bush 74 increases. Negative pressure. Therefore, in FIG. 9, before the piston 54 moves as shown in FIG. 9A, no negative pressure is applied to the measurement flow path 40, and the measurement injected into the blood inlet 22 as shown in FIG. 9B. Blood does not flow into the communication path 68 due to surface tension. However, when the piston 54 is pushed and moved as shown in (c) and negative pressure is generated in the pressure chamber, the measured blood injected into the blood inlet 22 as shown in (d) continues against the surface tension. It flows into the passage 68. Further, when the piston 54 is further pressed and moved by a predetermined dimension as shown in (e) and the negative pressure in the pressure chamber is increased, the measured blood injected into the blood inlet 22 as shown in (f) is communicated with the communication path 68. Then, a predetermined amount is sucked into the measurement channel 40. The measurement blood sucked into the measurement channel 40 is, for example, 0.08 cc, which is a little compared with the entire internal volume of the measurement channel 40. The measurement blood aspirated to one end side of the measurement flow path 40 through the communication path 68 due to the negative pressure in the pressure chamber has a second communication path 70 provided on the other end side of the measurement flow path 40, so the distance therebetween Is farthest away, so that it is not sucked into the second communication path 70. Of course, the moving dimension of the piston 54 is set so that the blood to be measured is not sucked into the second communication path 70.

  When the piston 54 of the cylinder mechanism 52 of the measurement cartridge 12 inserted and housed in the cartridge housing member 26 is pressed and moved by the rod 80 by a predetermined dimension, the measurement cartridge 12 receives a force in the withdrawal direction opposite to the insertion direction. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 10, a cartridge locking mechanism for preventing the measurement cartridge 12 from coming off is provided. This cartridge locking mechanism is configured such that a locking rod 88 of a plunger 86 provided in the cartridge storage member 26 protrudes and is inserted into a locking recess 84 provided in the measurement cartridge 12. . Therefore, as shown in FIG. 10A, before the measurement cartridge 12 is inserted, the locking rod 88 does not protrude, and the measurement cartridge 12 can be inserted. Then, as shown in FIG. 10B, in the state where the measurement cartridge 12 is inserted to a predetermined position and the limit switch 46 is turned on, the plunger 86 is driven and the locking rod 88 protrudes, and the measurement cartridge 12 Is inserted into and engaged with a locking recess 84 provided in the, and the measurement cartridge 12 is prevented from coming off.

  The measurement blood sucked into the measurement flow path 40 by the cylinder mechanism 52 is in a state where the inner wall of the measurement flow path 40 is not wet with the measurement blood even when the measurement flow path 40 is tilted and swung in the length direction. It does not flow and move by its own weight due to surface tension. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 11, a sphere 78 as a rotating body having a specific gravity heavier than that of the blood to be measured is disposed in the measurement channel 40. Then, when the measurement channel 40 is tilted in the length direction and is swung several times, the sphere 78 in the measurement channel 40 rotates and moves by its own weight to reciprocate to the end of the measurement channel 40. At this time, the measurement blood sucked into one end portion of the measurement flow path 40 adheres to the sphere 78 and moves while being pulled when the sphere 78 rotates and moves to the other end side to wet the inner wall of the measurement flow path 40. Measurement blood can flow by its own weight.

  When the cartridge housing member 26 is swung by driving the swing mechanism 32, the sphere 78 is inserted into the insertion tip side in the state where the insertion tip side of the measurement cartridge 12 is lifted up obliquely as shown in FIG. It is in the state which is on the other end side opposite to, and the measurement blood has also accumulated on the other end side. In this state, the amount of light that passes through the thickness of the measurement blood adhering to the bottom of the central portion of the measurement channel 40 through which the optical axis of the light receiving detection means passes is detected. In addition, in the state where the swing is switched and the insertion tip side of the measurement cartridge 12 is lowered downward most obliquely as shown in FIG. 11B, the sphere 78 is on the insertion tip side, and the measurement blood is also on the tip side. It is a state that has accumulated. In this state, the amount of light that passes through the thickness of the measurement blood adhering to the bottom of the central portion of the measurement channel 40 through which the optical axis of the light receiving detection means passes is detected. When such shaking is repeated and the coagulation of the measurement blood proceeds, the thickness of the measurement blood adhering to the central portion of the measurement channel 40 gradually increases. As the measurement blood layer adhering to the bottom becomes thicker, the amount of transmitted light decreases and the signal value corresponding to the amount of received light decreases. Further, the amount of light transmitted decreases as the measurement blood coagulates. The light receiving detection means uses infrared light. Therefore, a signal corresponding to the amount of received light as an initial value in a state where a predetermined amount of measurement blood is sucked into the measurement channel 40 and is swung several times, and the inner wall of the measurement channel 40 is wet with the measurement blood. The value is detected and stored. Further, the signal value is detected for each swing operation, the signal value changes with respect to the initial value, the change rate is calculated by the discriminating means, and it is determined whether or not it has changed to a predetermined rate or more. The swinging operation and the time measurement are continued until the ratio changes to a predetermined ratio or more. When the change in the signal value increases and changes to a predetermined ratio or more, the swing operation is stopped and the time measurement is stopped, and the measured time is displayed as the coagulation time by the display means 18. . Note that the detection control and determination operation of these signal values are performed by a microcomputer (not shown).

  Next, a second embodiment of the cylinder driving mechanism of the blood coagulation time measuring apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 12A and 12B are views showing a cylinder mechanism and a measurement cartridge used in the second embodiment. FIG. 12A is a partially cutaway plan view, and FIG. 12B is a diagram in which a piston of the cylinder mechanism in FIG. It is a front view of the cam of the state which is not, (c) is a front view of the cam of the state which pushed and moved the piston of the cylinder mechanism. In the second embodiment, the end of the cylinder mechanism 52 opposite to the pressing movement direction of the piston 54 protrudes from the measurement cartridge 12, and the measurement cartridge 12 is inserted into the cartridge housing member 26. It contacts the cam 112 of the cylinder drive mechanism. Therefore, by rotating the cam 112 with the motor 114 from the state (b) to the state (c), the piston 54 can be pressed and moved by a predetermined length. The rotation state of the cam 112 is detected by the photo interrupter 116, and the rotation state is controlled. Accordingly, a predetermined amount of measurement blood can be sucked into the measurement channel 40.

In the above embodiment, the communication path 68 is provided on one end side of the measurement flow path 40 and the second communication path 70 is provided on the other end side of the measurement flow path 40, and the distance between them is the farthest position. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the second communication channel 68 is connected to the second communication channel 68 so that the measurement blood sucked into the measurement channel 40 via the communication channel 68 is not sucked into the second communication channel. What is necessary is just to provide the channel | path 70 in the position away. In the description of the above-described embodiment, the measurement blood adhering to the bottom of the measurement channel 40 due to the progress of coagulation is obtained by swinging the measurement cartridge 12 and reciprocating the measurement blood in the measurement channel 40. Although the time from the change in the thickness to the coagulation from the change in the amount of light transmitted through the attached measurement blood is measured, other methods may be used for measuring the coagulation time. For example, as in the technique described in Japanese Translation of PCT International Publication No. 2008-525784, a magnet is disposed in the measurement channel so as to be movable in the length direction, and the magnetic field applied to the measurement channel is alternately switched at a constant cycle. The magnet may be reciprocated in accordance with the switching of the magnetic field direction, and the coagulation time may be measured from the change in the distance that the magnet can move during a certain period due to the increase in viscosity due to the progress of coagulation of the measured blood. . Further, as in the technique described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-196843 proposed by the applicant of the present invention, a magnet is disposed in the measurement channel so as to be movable in the length direction, and the magnetic field direction applied to the measurement channel is determined. The magnets should be moved according to the direction of the magnetic field applied to the measurement flow path. You may make it measure coagulation | solidification time by the shift | offset | difference of a position and the actual position of a magnet. It will be easily understood that the clotting time may be measured by any technique using the measurement blood sucked into the measurement flow path 40 by driving the cylinder mechanism 52 provided in the measurement cartridge 12.
Special table 2008-525784 gazette JP 2011-196843 A

It is an external appearance perspective view of 1st Example of the blood coagulation time measuring apparatus of this invention, consists of a measuring device main body and a measuring cartridge, and shows the state before inserting a measuring cartridge in a measuring device main body. The state where the measurement cartridge is inserted into the measurement apparatus main body from the state of FIG. 1 is shown. FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway view showing the inside of the measurement apparatus main body in the state of FIG. 2, (a) is a partially cutaway front view, and (b) is a partially cutaway side view. It is a figure which shows the longitudinal cross-sectional view and swing mechanism of the cartridge accommodating member provided in the measuring apparatus main body. It is a figure which shows a motion of the cartridge accommodating member in a measuring device main body, (a) is the state which rock | fluctuated the front-end | tip part diagonally upward, (b) is the state which rock | fluctuated the front-end | tip part diagonally downward It is. It is a figure which shows the structure of a measurement cartridge, (a) is a partially notched top view, (b) is a left view, (c) is an AA cross-sectional arrow view of (a). (D) is a BB cross-sectional arrow view of (a). An example of a cylinder drive mechanism is shown, (a) is a longitudinal sectional view of a state in which the rod does not project, (b) is a longitudinal sectional view of a state in which the rod projects, and (c) is a diagram of (a). It is a left side view, (d) is the A section enlarged view of (c). It is a figure which shows pressing the piston of the cylinder mechanism provided in the measurement cartridge with the rod of a cylinder drive mechanism. It is a figure which shows that a predetermined amount of measurement blood is attracted | sucked to a measurement flow path by the piston of a cylinder mechanism being pressed and moved, (b) in the state where the piston of (a) has not been pressed and moved yet As shown in (c), when the piston is pushed and moved as shown in (c), a part of the measured blood at the blood inlet is transferred to the measurement channel. When the piston is further pressed and moved to a predetermined length as shown in (e), a predetermined amount of measurement blood in the blood inlet is sucked into the measurement flow path via the communication path as shown in (f). The It is a figure which shows the cartridge locking mechanism for preventing that a measurement cartridge pulls out from a cartridge accommodating member when the piston of a cylinder mechanism is pressed with the rod of a cylinder drive mechanism, (a) is a figure which shows a measurement cartridge to a predetermined position. It is a notch top view before inserting, (b) is a notch top view in the state where the measurement cartridge was inserted and locked to a predetermined position. The state of the measurement blood and the sphere in the measurement channel when the measurement cartridge is swung in the cartridge housing portion is shown, (a) is the state where the tip side is raised upward obliquely upward ( b) is a state where the tip side is lowered most obliquely downward. It is a figure which shows the cylinder mechanism and measurement cartridge which are used in 2nd Example, (a) is a partially notched top view, (b) is the state which has not moved the piston of the cylinder mechanism of (a). It is a front view of a cam, (c) is a front view of the cam of the state which pushed and moved the piston of the cylinder mechanism.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Measuring apparatus main body 12 Measurement cartridge 14 Power switch 16 Start switch 18 Display means 20 Opening part 22 Blood injection port 24 Cartridge insertion hole 26 Cartridge accommodating member 28 Oscillation shaft 30 Guide pin 32 Oscillation mechanism 34 Cam 36 Motor 36 Photo interrupter 40 Measurement channel 42 Light emitting device 44 Light receiving device 46 Limit switch 48 Heater 50 Temperature sensor 52 Cylinder mechanism 54 Piston 56 Rod slide mechanism 58 Sealing material 60 Center member 64 Cylinder wall 66 Air vent hole 68 Communication channel 70 Second communication channel 72 Gasket 74 Bush 78 Sphere 80 Rod 84 Locking recess 86 Plunger 88 Locking rod 100 Hollow motor 102 Hollow shaft 104 Photointerrupter 106 Nut 108 Suspension Sa 110 bracket 112 cam 114 motor 116 photointerrupter

Claims (9)

In a blood coagulation time measurement device comprising a measurement cartridge provided with a measurement channel that is long with respect to a cross-sectional area, and a measurement device body that houses the measurement cartridge and measures the coagulation time of measurement blood in the measurement channel, A pressure chamber in which the measurement cartridge is provided with a cylinder mechanism and a blood inlet opening upward, the bottom of the blood inlet is connected to the measurement channel by a connection path, and the internal volume increases by movement of the piston of the cylinder mechanism Is connected to a position of the measurement flow path separated from the communication path by a second communication path, and a cylinder drive mechanism for moving the piston of the cylinder mechanism is provided in the measurement apparatus main body, and the measurement cartridge is provided in the measurement apparatus main body. In the state where the cylinder is housed, the piston is moved by a predetermined length by driving the cylinder driving mechanism, and the measurement is introduced into the blood inlet. Blood coagulation time measuring apparatus characterized by being configured to draw a predetermined amount of blood into the measurement flow path. 2. The blood pressure measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the blood inlet is communicated with one end of the measurement flow path by the connection path, and the internal volume is increased by movement of the piston of the cylinder mechanism. The blood coagulation time measuring apparatus is configured to communicate with the other end side of the measurement flow path through the second communication path. 3. The blood coagulation time measuring apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the measuring cartridge is formed in a flat shape by disposing a central member and thin sealing materials on the upper and lower surfaces of the central member, and the measuring channel from above to the central member. And the blood inlet, the upper surface of the measurement channel is covered with the sealing material, and the width of communication between the bottom of the blood inlet and the one end of the measurement channel from below is narrow and deep. A shallow groove is provided, and the lower surface of the groove is covered with the sealing material to form the communication path. The pressure chamber in which the internal volume is increased by the movement of the piston from below in the central member and the other end of the measurement flow path A blood coagulation time measuring apparatus comprising: a groove having a narrow width and a shallow depth that communicates the portion; and the lower surface of the groove is covered with the sealing material to constitute the second communication path. 4. The blood coagulation time measurement device according to claim 1, wherein the cylinder mechanism provided in the measurement cartridge has a hole in the central member having a large diameter from one side to the opening side and a step in the middle. The piston provided with a gasket that can slide in close contact with the inner wall of the hole is inserted into the hole, a bush through which the piston comes into close contact is provided in the step, and the pressure chamber is provided between the gasket and the bush. A blood coagulation time measuring device, characterized in that it is configured as: 5. The blood coagulation time measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the cylinder mechanism is arranged in the measurement cartridge so as to be parallel to and parallel to the longitudinal direction of the measurement flow path. A blood coagulation time measuring device characterized in that it is configured in a flat shape that is long in the longitudinal direction. 5. The blood coagulation time measurement device according to claim 1, wherein the measurement cartridge is prevented from moving in the pressing direction of the piston when the piston is moved by being pressed by the cylinder driving mechanism. A blood coagulation time measuring device characterized in that a stop mechanism is provided in the measuring device main body. 6. The blood coagulation time measurement device according to claim 5, wherein a cartridge insertion hole is provided in the measurement device main body so that the measurement cartridge can be inserted and stored in the longitudinal direction, and the piston of the cylinder mechanism is inserted by the cylinder drive mechanism. A cartridge locking mechanism that prevents the measurement cartridge from coming out of the cartridge insertion hole when the piston is moved by being pressed by the cylinder drive mechanism. A blood coagulation time measuring apparatus characterized by being provided in the apparatus main body. 8. The blood coagulation time measurement device according to claim 1, wherein the cylinder driving mechanism is configured such that a rod is inserted into the measurement cartridge by driving to push and move the piston. Blood coagulation time measuring device. 8. The blood coagulation time measurement device according to claim 1, wherein one end of the piston of the cylinder mechanism protrudes from the measurement cartridge, and the cylinder driving mechanism rotates a cam that contacts the piston. The blood coagulation time measuring device is configured to press and insert one end of a piston protruding from the measurement cartridge.