JP2015138891A - Wavelength-conversion film for solar light panels, and solar light panel - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to improve the adhesiveness between a surface protective layer such as glass and a sealing agent in a solar panel having a wavelength conversion material and to improve the light transmittance as a whole. In a solar panel 1 provided with a surface protective layer 2 made of glass or the like, a sealing layer 3 made of EVA or the like, and a solar battery cell 4, the surface protective layer 2 and the sealing are sealed. Between the layer 3, the wavelength conversion film 61 which has the penetration part 62a which consists of the mesh-shaped or intermittently formed hole for closely_contact | adhering the sealing layer 3 and the surface protective layer 2 is provided. And when the sheet | seat which forms the sealing layer 3 is dissolved, the photovoltaic cell 4 is sealed, and it makes it closely_contact | adhere with the surface protective layer 2, a sealing agent is eluted from the penetration part 62a of the wavelength conversion film 61. Adhesion with the surface protective layer 2 is enhanced. [Selection] Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a wavelength conversion film used in a solar panel and a solar panel in which the film is used, and more specifically, a wavelength conversion layer is formed by the wavelength conversion film to improve power generation efficiency. It is related to the solar panel etc.

  Generally, solar power generation is said to have low power generation efficiency in the ultraviolet light to blue light region. For this reason, in recent years, various methods have been proposed in which a wavelength conversion material is provided that converts light in the ultraviolet region contained in sunlight into light in a wavelength region with good power generation efficiency (Patent Document 1, etc.). If such a wavelength conversion material is provided, light having a wavelength that does not contribute to power generation can be contributed to power generation, and power generation efficiency can be improved.

JP 2012-142346 A

  However, when such a wavelength conversion material is provided, the following problems occur.

  First of all, a general solar panel is provided with a surface protective layer such as glass on the surface, and a sealing layer or a solar battery cell made of a sealing agent is provided below the surface protective layer. The solar cells are sealed with the agent, and the adhesion to the surface protective layer is enhanced to improve the weather resistance.

  However, in such a structure, when a wavelength conversion layer is provided between the surface protective layer and the sealing agent, the adhesion between the sealing agent and the surface protective layer is deteriorated, and the surface protective layer becomes the sealing layer. May peel off.

  In addition, when a wavelength conversion layer is provided between the encapsulant and the solar cell, the adhesion between the encapsulant and the surface protective layer is improved. Will not reach the wavelength conversion material.

  Furthermore, since the wavelength conversion material itself has poor light transmittance, even if the wavelength of ultraviolet light is converted, the original light itself may not reach the solar cell depending on the concentration and particle diameter, and as a whole There is also a possibility that the power generation efficiency will deteriorate.

  Therefore, the present invention has been made paying attention to the above problems, and improves the adhesion with the surface protective layer of the solar panel and improves the light transmittance as a whole, and the wavelength conversion film. An object is to provide a solar panel using a solar cell.

  That is, in order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present invention provides a wavelength converter that includes a wavelength conversion material that is provided between the surface protective layer and the sealing layer and converts the wavelength of light irradiated to the solar battery cell. In the film, a penetrating portion penetrating in the vertical direction and a non-penetrating portion containing a wavelength converting material are provided in order to bring the surface protective layer and the sealing layer into close contact with each other.

  If comprised in this way, a sealing agent can be eluted from a penetration part by pinching | interposing a wavelength conversion film between a surface protective layer and a sealing layer, and adhesiveness with a surface protective layer can be improved. It becomes like this. Further, since such a wavelength conversion film is provided between the surface protective layer and the sealing layer, it is possible to convert light in the ultraviolet region into light in an effective wavelength region before the ultraviolet ray is absorbed by the sealing layer. become able to.

  Moreover, in such an invention, a wavelength conversion film is comprised in mesh shape by the said penetration part and a non-penetration part.

  In this way, for example, the sealant can be eluted from the through-holes of the grid-like mesh, so that the adhesion with the surface protective layer can be improved.

  Furthermore, when providing such a wavelength conversion film, the area of the penetration part above a photovoltaic cell is made relatively larger than the area of the penetration part above the gap between the adjacent photovoltaic cell and the photovoltaic cell.

  In this way, the wavelength conversion material directly above the solar battery cell is relatively reduced, so that the light transmission by the wavelength conversion material is deteriorated and the power generation efficiency is not deteriorated. Moreover, it becomes possible to convert ultraviolet rays into an effective wavelength by the wavelength conversion material existing around the solar battery cell.

  In addition, the wavelength conversion film is provided with an edge inside the edge of the surface protective layer.

  If it does in this way, the edge of a surface protection layer can be stuck with a sealing agent, and invasion of water from an edge can be prevented.

  According to the present invention, in the wavelength conversion film that is provided between the surface protective layer and the sealing layer and contains a wavelength conversion material that converts the wavelength of light irradiated to the solar battery cell, the surface protective layer and Since a penetrating portion penetrating in the vertical direction and a non-penetrating portion containing a wavelength conversion material are provided in order to adhere the sealing layer, the wavelength conversion film is sandwiched between the surface protective layer and the sealing layer. Thus, the sealant can be eluted from the penetrating portion. Thereby, adhesiveness with a surface protective layer can be improved now. Further, since such a wavelength conversion film is provided between the surface protective layer and the sealing layer, it is possible to convert light in the ultraviolet region into light in an effective wavelength region before the ultraviolet ray is absorbed by the sealing layer. become able to.

The cross-sectional schematic of the solar panel which shows one embodiment of this invention Exploded perspective view showing each layer in the same form The figure which shows the various wavelength conversion films in the same form The figure which shows the various wavelength conversion films in the same form

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.

  The solar panel 1 in which the wavelength conversion film 61 of the present invention is used is one in which the wavelength conversion film 61 is provided between the surface protective layer 2 and the sealing layer 3 so that the wavelength conversion layer 6 can be formed. Characteristically, the wavelength conversion film 61 is configured in a mesh shape so as to have a penetrating portion 62a and a non-penetrating portion 62b, and when the sealing layer 3 is heated and dissolved, the penetrating portion 62a of the wavelength converting film 61 is provided. The sealing agent is eluted from the surface protective layer 2 so as to improve the adhesion with the surface protective layer 2. Hereinafter, the structure of the solar panel 1 in which the wavelength conversion film 61 in this Embodiment is used is demonstrated.

<Structure of solar panel 1>
First, the basic structure of the solar panel 1 will be described. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the solar panel 1 is provided with a surface protective layer 2, a sealing layer 3, a solar battery cell 4, a back sheet 5, and the like from the side irradiated with sunlight. The wavelength conversion layer 6 composed of the mesh-shaped wavelength conversion film 61 is formed between the sealing layer 3 and the sealing layer 3. In addition, if necessary, an antireflection film or a water repellent coat can be provided on the front surface side, and a heat radiation sheet or the like can be provided on the back surface side. Among these, the surface protective layer 2 can be made of glass containing silicon dioxide, polycarbonate, acrylic, polyester, fluorinated polyethylene, or the like. Here, glass is used as the surface protective layer 2.

  The sealing layer 3 plays a role of sealing and protecting the solar cells 4, and is a material having high adhesion to the surface protective layer 2, transparency, flexibility, tensile strength, weather resistance, etc. It is comprised with the material which has. As the sealing layer 3, EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer resin) or the like is typically used. This EVA has high adhesion to glass, has flexibility and low temperature characteristics, has excellent molding processability, and is excellent in water resistance and ultraviolet resistance. Is most often used. When this EVA is used, the solar battery cell 4 may be protected by containing an ultraviolet absorber. In addition, as the sealing layer 3, other than this, a fluorine-based resin, an ionomer resin, an ethylene-acrylic acid or methacrylic acid copolymer, a polyethylene resin, a polypropylene resin, a polyolefin resin such as polyethylene, and an unsaturated resin such as acrylic acid. An acid-modified polyolefin resin modified with a carboxylic acid, a polyvinyl butyral resin, a silicon resin, an epoxy resin, an acrylic resin, or the like can be used.

  The solar battery cell 4 can be a silicon-based, compound-based, or organic-based solar battery cell, but here, a case where a solar battery cell 4 such as single crystal silicon or polycrystalline silicon is used as the crystalline silicon system. explain. A plurality of solar cells 4 are arranged in an array in the solar panel 1, and lead frames 41 are connected across the upper and lower surfaces of adjacent solar cells 4 as shown in FIG. At this time, a gap 43 is formed between the solar cells 4 adjacent in the vertical and horizontal directions.

  The back sheet 5 is provided on the lower surface side of the sealing layer 3 and has durability, weather resistance, barrier properties, and is composed of a material having electrical insulation properties and high adhesion performance with a sealing agent. The As such a back sheet 5, for example, it is possible to use a sheet composed of a single film in which an adhesive resin layer, a PET layer, and a fluorine film layer are laminated in order from the upper surface side in contact with the sealing layer 3. it can. Moreover, you may use what replaced this fluorine film with fluorine coating, and provided the barrier film, the aluminum foil, etc. in the intermediate | middle layer besides this. Furthermore, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2013-80880 previously proposed by the present applicant, it has a polyolefin-based resin having a plurality of convex portions on the surface, and has a withstand voltage film and a back side resin film. Can also be used.

  And in such a structure, the wavelength conversion layer 6 comprised with the wavelength conversion film 61 is provided between the sealing layer 3 and the surface protective layer 2 comprised with glass etc. As shown in FIG.

This wavelength conversion layer 6 is formed of a wavelength conversion film 61 in which a fine granular wavelength conversion material 64 is mixed with a resin, and absorbs short wavelength light (near ultraviolet light to blue light) and is long. It has a function of converting into wavelength light (green to near infrared light). As the wavelength converting material 64, a granular phosphor is used, for example, MMgAl ₁₀ O ₁₇ : Eu, Mn, and M is a phosphor that is one or more kinds of elements of Ba, Sr, and Ca, or fluorescent. The base material of the body is (Ba, Sr) ₂ SiO ₄ , (Ba, Sr, Ca) ₂ SiO ₄ , Ba ₂ SiO ₄ , Sr ₃ SiO ₅ , (Sr, Ca, Ba) ₃ SiO ₅ , (Ba, Sr , Ca) ₃ MgSi ₂ O ₈ , Ca ₃ Si ₂ O ₇ , Ca ₂ ZnSi ₂ O ₇ , Ba ₃ Sc ₂ Si ₃ O ₁₂ , phosphor containing Ca ₃ Sc ₂ Si ₃ O ₁₂ , or fluorescence The base material of the body is represented by MAlSiN ₃ , and a phosphor in which M is one or a plurality of elements of Ba, Sr, Ca, and Mg can be used. In addition, the average particle diameter of the phosphor is preferably set to about 1 μm to 50 μm in consideration of the relationship with the light scattering intensity and the addition concentration.

  The wavelength converting material 64 composed of such a phosphor may be integrally mixed in the encapsulant. However, when the wavelength converting material 64 is integrally mixed with the encapsulant, the wavelength converting material 64 is mixed. If it is biased to the glass surface side, the adhesion to the glass is deteriorated, and since many phosphors are present directly above the solar battery cell 4, the light transmittance is deteriorated and the power generation efficiency is reduced. It can get worse. Moreover, if the wavelength conversion material 64 is biased toward the solar battery cell 4 side, ultraviolet rays that should be converted cannot reach the wavelength conversion material 64 due to ultraviolet absorption by the sealant. For this reason, in this embodiment, the wavelength conversion film 61 mixed with the wavelength conversion material 64 is provided with a penetrating portion 62a penetrating in the vertical direction and a non-penetrating portion 62b containing the wavelength converting material 64, and this is used as a sealing layer. 3, the sealing agent is eluted from the penetrating portion 62a, and sunlight is directly incident on the solar power generation cell from the penetrating portion 62a, and wavelength conversion is performed at the non-penetrating portion 62b.

  As the wavelength conversion film 61 for forming such a wavelength conversion layer 6, the following can be used.

  <Wavelength conversion film 61>

  First, in the first embodiment, as the wavelength conversion film 61, as shown in FIG. 3, a film obtained by weaving a filament 63 mixed with a wavelength conversion material 64 as warp and weft is used. In the relationship with the present invention, the filament 63 constitutes the non-penetrating portion 62b. When forming this thread-like body 63, the wavelength conversion material 64 is mixed with the dissolved resin, and this is injection-molded to form the thread-like body 63. At this time, as the resin for mixing the wavelength conversion material 64, a resin having a high transparency and a melting point higher than the heating temperature for dissolving the sealant is used. Here, if the melting point is lower than that of the sealing agent, the wavelength conversion film 61 is also dissolved together when the sealing agent is dissolved, and the wavelength conversion material 64 having a heavy specific gravity is mixed into the sealing layer 3. there is a possibility. Therefore, in order to prevent such mixing, a resin having a melting point higher than the heating temperature at which the sealant is dissolved is used so that the wavelength conversion film 61 is not dissolved at the time of heating. When weaving the thread-like body 63, as shown in FIG. 3A, a method of weaving each warp and weft so as to have a predetermined penetrating portion 62a in a lattice shape, or as shown in FIG. As described above, warps and wefts are knitted so as to form a penetrating part 62a having a size corresponding to the size of the solar battery cell 4, and warps and wefts (non-penetrating parts) are formed in the gap 43 between the solar battery cell 4 and the solar battery cell 4. 62b) can be used. In addition, when arrange | positioning the filament 63 between the photovoltaic cell 4 and the photovoltaic cell 4, although the photovoltaic cell 4 does not exist directly under the normal line direction of the wavelength conversion material 64, it is actually irradiated. The scattered light is scattered by the wavelength conversion material 64 and the solar battery cell 4 is irradiated with light.

  As another form of the wavelength conversion film 61, as shown in FIG. 3 (c), one or several warps and wefts may be arranged directly above the solar battery cell 4. That is, a relatively large number of wavelength conversion materials 64 are disposed in the gaps 43 between the solar cells 4 and the solar cells 4, and conversely, a relatively small number of wavelength conversion materials 64 ( A non-penetrating part 62b) can also be arranged.

  3 (a) to 3 (c), it is configured by the filament 63 mixed with the wavelength converting material 64. However, as shown in FIG. 4, a single resin composed of the same material is used. The wavelength conversion material 64 may be mixed in the sheet. In addition, in the relationship with this invention, the part in which this resin sheet exists comprises the non-penetrating part 62b. When the wavelength conversion material 64 is mixed in a single resin sheet as described above, the woven portion does not have a thickness as in the case where the resin sheet is formed by weaving the filamentous body 63, and the vertical direction is used for sealing. It is possible to reduce the possibility of voids. In the case of forming this resin sheet, similarly, as shown in FIG. 4A, through portions 62a are formed in a lattice shape, and the lower layer sealing agent is eluted from the through portions 62a. When forming this lattice-shaped through part 62a, the through part 62a may be formed so as to have a through part 62a smaller than the solar battery cell 4, or as shown in FIG. The through portion 62a may be formed so as to avoid the cell 4. That is, many wavelength conversion materials 64 are provided between the solar battery cells 4 and the solar battery cells 4. Alternatively, without forming such a lattice-like through-hole 62a, for example, as shown in FIG. 4C, a hole is intermittently punched in one sheet to form the through-hole 62a. You can also. When making such a hole, as shown in FIG.4 (d), the method of making a hole just above the photovoltaic cell 4 etc. can be used.

  When such a wavelength conversion film 61 is formed, an end portion or an end side is positioned on the inner side of the edge portion 21 of the glass serving as the surface protective layer 2 (see FIG. 2), and the sealing of the lower layer is performed. The stopper and the surface protective layer 2 are adhered to each other at the edge 21.

  Next, a method for manufacturing the solar panel 1 using the wavelength conversion film 61 configured as described above will be described.

  First, when manufacturing the solar panel 1, the lead frame 41 is connected to the upper surface and lower surface of the adjacent photovoltaic cell 4, and this is arrange | positioned at array form. At the same time, the wavelength conversion film 61 having the lattice-like through portions 62a is placed on the glass that is the surface protective layer 2, and a sheet of the sealing agent is laminated thereon. And the solar panel 1 connected by the lead frame 41 is arrange | positioned on the upper surface. At this time, when the penetration part 62a of the wavelength conversion film 61 corresponds to the size of the solar battery cell 4, the solar battery cell 4 is disposed so as to be positioned in the penetration part 62a. And the sheet | seat which comprises a sealing agent is mounted on the upper surface, and also the back sheet 5 is mounted on the upper surface.

  Then, the stacked layers are put in a curing furnace, and a vacuum state is applied to heat and pressure to make a semi-finished product. At this time, it is heated at around 150 ° C. for about 10 to 15 minutes in the curing furnace.

  Then, the sealing agent provided on the upper and lower sides of the solar battery cell 4 is dissolved to enclose the solar battery cell 4, and the sealing agent dissolved from the vicinity of the penetrating part 62 a and the edge part 21 of the wavelength conversion film 61 is surface-protected. Adhere to layer 2. At this time, the wavelength conversion film 61 does not melt and remains sandwiched between the surface protective layer 2 and the sealant.

  Then, the semi-finished product integrated after cooling the curing furnace is taken out, and the frame 7 is attached to the glass edge 21 and the terminal box 42 is attached to the back sheet 5 as shown in FIG. Complete panel 1.

  When the solar panel 1 is irradiated with light from the surface side configured as described above, the light incident on the portion where the wavelength conversion material 64 does not exist reaches the solar cell 4 as it is to generate power, and also converts the wavelength. The light incident on the portion where the material 64 is present is dispersed and converted into light having a long wavelength and reaches the solar battery cell 4. At this time, the light irradiated between the solar cells 4 does not contribute to power generation, but the wavelength conversion material 64 is provided in that portion, so that power is generated by the dispersed light. Efficiency can be improved.

  As described above, according to the above-described embodiment, the wavelength conversion material 64 that is provided between the surface protective layer 2 and the sealing layer 3 and converts the wavelength of light irradiated on the solar battery cell 4 is contained. In the wavelength conversion film 61, the penetrating part 62a that penetrates the surface protective layer 2 and the sealing layer 3 and the non-penetrating part 62b that contains the wavelength converting material 64 are provided. By sandwiching the film 61 between the surface protective layer 2 and the sealing layer 3, the sealing agent can be eluted from the penetrating portion 62a, and the adhesion with the surface protective layer 2 can be improved. In addition, since such a wavelength conversion film 61 is provided between the surface protective layer 2 and the sealing layer 3, the light in the ultraviolet region is converted into light in the effective wavelength region before the ultraviolet ray is absorbed by the sealing layer 3. Can be converted.

  Further, since the wavelength conversion film 61 is configured in a mesh shape by the penetrating portions 62a and the non-penetrating portions 62b, the sealing agent can be eluted from the lattice-shaped mesh penetrating portions 62a. Adhesion can be improved.

  Furthermore, when providing such a wavelength conversion film 61, the whole area of the penetration part 62a above the photovoltaic cell 4 is the whole area of the penetration part 62a above the gap between the adjacent photovoltaic cell 4 and the photovoltaic cell 4. Since the wavelength conversion material 64 directly above the solar battery cell 4 is relatively small, the light transmission by the wavelength conversion material 64 is deteriorated and the power generation efficiency is not deteriorated. . Moreover, it becomes possible to convert the ultraviolet rays into an effective wavelength by the wavelength conversion material 64 existing around the solar battery cell 4.

  Further, since the wavelength conversion film 61 is provided with an edge inside the edge 21 of the surface protective layer 2, the edge 21 of the surface protective layer 2 can be adhered with a sealant, and the edge Intrusion of water from 21 can be prevented.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, It can implement in a various aspect.

  For example, in the above embodiment, when the wavelength conversion film 61 for forming the wavelength conversion layer 6 is formed, the wavelength conversion material 64 is mixed with a resin having a melting point higher than that of the sealant. The wavelength conversion material 64 may be mixed in the same resin (EVA or the like) as the agent. In this case, if the glass which is the surface protective layer 2 is heated and melted on the lower surface, the wavelength conversion material 64 having a higher specific gravity moves to the glass surface side, and therefore the wavelength conversion material 64 is mixed in the depth of the sealing layer 3. There is no end to it.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the grid | lattice-like hole was provided and comprised as the penetration part 62a, you may form a stripe-like penetration part. That is, the wavelength conversion material 64 may be linear or strip-shaped and disposed between the sealing layer 3 and the surface protective layer 2.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Solar panel 2 ... Surface protective layer (21 edge)
3 ... Sealing layer 4 ... Solar cell (41 lead frame, 42 terminal box, 43 gap)
5 ... backsheet 6 ... wavelength conversion layer (61 wavelength conversion film, 62a penetrating part, 62b, non-penetrating part, 63 filament, 64 wavelength converting material)
7 ... Frame

Claims (5)

In the wavelength conversion film that is provided between the surface protective layer and the sealing layer and contains a wavelength conversion material that converts the wavelength of light irradiated to the solar battery cell,
A wavelength conversion film comprising a penetrating portion that penetrates the surface protective layer and the sealing layer and a non-penetrating portion containing a wavelength conversion material. The wavelength conversion film according to claim 1, wherein the wavelength conversion film is configured in a mesh shape by the penetrating portion and the non-penetrating portion. The wavelength conversion film of Claim 1 comprised so that it might have in a clearance gap between an adjacent photovoltaic cell and a photovoltaic cell the non-penetrating part of a relatively larger area than the upper direction of a photovoltaic cell. The wavelength conversion film according to claim 1, wherein the wavelength conversion film has an edge inside the edge of the surface protective layer. In a solar panel comprising a surface protective layer, a sealing layer, and solar cells,
Sunlight characterized in that a wavelength conversion layer is provided between the surface protective layer and the sealing layer so as to have a penetrating portion penetrating in the vertical direction for adhering the sealing layer and the surface protective layer. panel.

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