JP2014500166A - 多層複合体の製造法 - Google Patents
多層複合体の製造法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2014500166A JP2014500166A JP2013541353A JP2013541353A JP2014500166A JP 2014500166 A JP2014500166 A JP 2014500166A JP 2013541353 A JP2013541353 A JP 2013541353A JP 2013541353 A JP2013541353 A JP 2013541353A JP 2014500166 A JP2014500166 A JP 2014500166A
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Abstract
Description
(a)幾何学的要素、数字および文字とは異なる、少なくとも1つの要素(D)を有する画像またはパターンの形の表面構造を有する、電力変調されたレーザー彫刻によって雌型または雄型を準備する工程、その際に表面構造内でスクリーン角度、細孔の深さまたは先細り形状は様々であり、
(b)任意に雄型から雌型を成形する工程、
(c)雌型にプラスチック配合物を噴霧する工程、その際にこの雌型は、50〜200℃の範囲内の温度を有し、
(d)前記プラスチック配合物を固化させて被膜にする工程、
(e)前記被膜を基体(A)と接合する工程、
(f)前記型を取り去る工程
を順次に実施し、
その際に作業工程(e)と(f)は、任意の順序で実施することができることを特徴とする、多層複合体の製造法に関する。
(A)基体、
(B)任意に少なくとも1つの接合層および
(C)その目に見える側に1つの表面構造を有するプラスチック層
を含む多層複合体であって、
その際にプラスチック層(C)は、当該プラスチック層(C)の目に見える側に、幾何学的要素、数字および文字とは異なる、少なくとも1つの要素(D)を有する、少なくとも1つの画像またはパターンを有し、
かつ、その際に表面構造内でスクリーン角度、細孔の深さまたは先細り形状は異なっている、上記多層複合体に関する。
互いに結合されている、
(A)少なくとも1つの基体および
(C)少なくとも1つのプラスチック層
を有する材料であると解釈される。
1)任意に添加剤および/または助剤を含有する液状接合剤を、画像またはパターンを備えた表面上、例えば雄型上に施す工程、
2)液状接合剤を、例えば熱硬化、放射線硬化または熟成により硬化する工程、
3)こうして得られた型を分離し、および任意に担体、例えば金属板または金属円筒体上にもたらす工程
を含むことができる。
1)担体上にレーザー彫刻可能な層を含む、レーザー彫刻可能な層または層複合体を準備する工程、その際にこのレーザー彫刻可能な層は、接合剤ならびに特に添加剤および助剤を含み、
2)レーザー彫刻可能な層を熱化学的に、光化学的に、または化学線により強化する工程、
3)電力変調されたレーザー彫刻によって、レーザー彫刻可能な層に表面構造を備えさせる工程
を含む。
1)任意に添加剤および/または助剤を含有する液状接合剤を、画像またはパターンを備えた、雄型の表面上に施し、
2)液状接合剤を、例えば熱硬化、放射線硬化または熟成によって硬化し、
3)こうして得られた雌型を分離し、および任意に担体、例えば金属板または金属円筒体上にもたらす。
(i)イソシアネート、有利にジイソシアネートを、
(ii)通常、500〜10000g/mol、有利に500〜5000g/mol、特に有利に800〜3000g/molの分子量(Mw)を有する、イソシアネートに対して反応性の化合物、および
(iii)50〜499g/molの分子量を有する連鎖延長剤と、
任意に触媒および/または通常の添加剤の存在下で反応させることによって得られる。
イソシアネート(i)として、一般に公知の脂肪族イソシアネート、脂環式イソシアネート、芳香脂肪族イソシアネートおよび/または芳香族イソシアネート、例えばトリオクタメチレンジイソシアネート、テトラメチレンジイソシアネート、ペンタメチレンジイソシアネート、ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート、ヘプタメチレンジイソシアネートおよび/またはオクタメチレンジイソシアネート、2−メチル−ペンタメチレン−ジイソシアネート−1,5、2−エチル−ブチレン−ジイソシアネート−1,4、ペンタメチレン−ジイソシアネート−1,5−ブチレン−ジイソシアネート−1,4、1−イソシアナト−3,3,5−トリメチル−5−イソシアナト−メチル−シクロヘキサン(イソホロンジイソシアネート、IPDI)、1,4−ビス(イソシアナトメチル)シクロヘキサンおよび/または1,3−ビス(イソシアナトメチル)シクロヘキサン(HXDI)、1,4−シクロヘキサン−ジイソシアネート、1−メチル−2,4−シクロヘキサン−ジイソシアネートおよび/または1−メチル−2,6−シクロヘキサン−ジイソシアネートおよび/または4,4’−ジシクロヘキシルメタン−ジイソシアネート、2,4’−ジシクロヘキシルメタン−ジイソシアネートおよび2,2’−ジシクロヘキシルメタン−ジイソシアネート、2,2’−ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート、2,4’−ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネートおよび/または4,4’−ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート(MDI)、1,5−ナフチレンジイソシアネート(NDI)、2,4−トルイレンジイソシアネートおよび/または2,6−トルイレンジイソシアネート(TDI)、ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート、3,3’−ジメチル−ジフェニル−ジイソシアネート、1,2−ジフェニルエタンジイソシアネートおよび/またはフェニレンジイソシアネートが使用されてよい。好ましくは、4,4’−MDIが使用される。その上、脂肪族ジイソシアネート、殊にヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート(HDI)は、好ましい。
−NH−CH2−CH2−NH2基、−NH−CH2−CH2−CH2−NH2基、
−NH−CH2−CH2−NH(C2H5)基、−NH−CH2−CH2−CH2−NH(C2H5)基、
−NH−CH2−CH2−NH(CH3)基、NH−CH2−CH2−CH2−NH(CH3)基
が好ましい。
(A)基体、
(B)任意に少なくとも1つの接合層および
(C)その目に見える側に1つの表面構造を有する、細毛を有するプラスチック層を含む多層複合体であって、
その際にプラスチック層(C)は、当該プラスチック層(C)の目に見える側に、幾何学的要素、数字および文字とは異なる、少なくとも1つの要素(D)を有する、少なくとも1つの画像またはパターンを有し、
および、その際に表面構造内でスクリーン角度、細孔の深さまたは先細り形状は異なっている、上記多層複合体である。
I.本発明による型の製造
液状シリコーンを平らな下地上に注型した。テトラエトキシシラン中の25質量%の溶液としてのジ−n−ブチルビス(1−オキソネオデシルオキシ)スタンナンの溶液を酸性硬化剤として添加し、かつ型の素地として使用される、平均で2mmの厚さのシリコーンゴム層を得ることにより、硬化させた。この型を1.5mmの厚さのアルミニウム担体上に接着した。
プラスチックとして、それぞれポリウレタンが選択された。
攪拌容器中で攪拌しながら次のものを混合した:
ジイソシアネートとしてのヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート対イソホロンジイソシアネートの13:10の質量比のヘキサメチレンジイソシアネートおよびイソホロンジイソシアネート、およびジオールとして、イソフタル酸対アジピン酸対1,4−ジヒドロキシメチルシクロヘキサン(異性体混合物)の1:1:2のモル比のイソフタル酸、アジピン酸および1,4−ジヒドロキシメチルシクロヘキサン(異性体混合物)、1,4−ブタンジオール5質量%(b1.2)、ならびに1個メチル化されたポリエチレングリコール3質量%ならびにH2N−CH2CH2−NH−CH2CH2−COOH3質量%を重縮合させることによって製造された、800g/molの分子量Mwを有するポリエステルジオールから製造された、軟質ポリウレタン(C1.1)の水性分散液7質量%(粒径:125nm、固体含量:40%)、それぞれポリエステルジオール(b1.1)に対する質量%、軟質ポリウレタン(C1.1)の軟化点:62℃、55℃での軟化開始、ショアー硬度A54、
イソホロンジイソシアネート、1,4−ブタンジオール、1,1−ジメチロールプロピオン酸、ヒドラジン水和物および4200g/molの分子量Mwを有するポリプロピレングリコールを反応させることによって得られる、硬質ポリウレタン(C2.1)の水性分散液65質量%(粒径:150nm)、195℃の軟化点、ショアー硬度A86、
化合物(I.1)
欧州特許出願公開第0738747号明細書の実施例2によるシリコーン化合物の65質量%の水性分散液6質量%、
カーボンブラック2質量%、
ポリウレタンをベースとする増粘剤0.5質量%、
例えば、Akzo Nobel社のExpancel(登録商標)として商業的に入手可能な、イソブタンで充填された、ポリ塩化ビニリデンからなるマイクロ中空球1質量%、直径20μm。
攪拌容器中で攪拌しながら次のものを混合した:
ジイソシアネートとしてのヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート対イソホロンジイソシアネートの13:10の質量比のヘキサメチレンジイソシアネートおよびイソホロンジイソシアネート、およびジオールとして、イソフタル酸対アジピン酸対1,4−ジヒドロキシメチルシクロヘキサン(異性体混合物)の1:1:2のモル比のイソフタル酸、アジピン酸および1,4−ジヒドロキシメチルシクロヘキサン(異性体混合物)、1,4−ブタンジオール5質量%(b1.2)、1個メチル化されたポリエチレングリコール3質量%ならびにH2N−CH2CH2−NH−CH2CH2−COOH3質量%を重縮合させることによって製造された、800g/molの分子量Mwを有するポリエステルジオールから製造された、軟質ポリウレタン(C1.1)の水性分散液7質量%(粒径:125nm、固体含量:40%)、それぞれポリエステルジオールに対する質量%、62℃の軟化点、55℃での軟化開始、ショアー硬度A54、
イソホロンジイソシアネート、1,4−ブタンジオール(C1.2)、1,1−ジメチロールプロピオン酸、ヒドラジン水和物および4200g/molの分子量Mwを有するポリプロピレングリコールを反応させることによって得られる、硬質ポリウレタンの水性分散液65質量%(粒径:150nm)、ポリウレタン(C2.2)は195℃の軟化点を有していた、ショアー硬度A90、
化合物(1.1)の70質量%の溶液(プロピレンカーボネート中)3.5質量%、NCO含量12%、
カーボンブラック2質量%。
本発明による型1を加熱可能な下地上に置き、かつ91℃に加熱した。引続き、噴霧ノズルによってDisp.1を実際に88g/m2で噴霧した(湿式)。この塗布は、空気の混入なしに、0.46mmの直径を有する噴霧ノズルを用いて65バールの圧力で行なわれた。表面がもはや粘着しなくなるまで、91℃で固化させた。
引続き、噴霧された基体(A.1)の噴霧された側を、プラスチック被膜(C.1)と一緒に型上に存在する、なお熱い接合層(B.1)上に置き、かつプレス機中で4バールおよび110℃で15秒間圧縮した。引続き、こうして得られた、本発明による多層複合材料MSV.1をプレス機から取り出し、かつ型を取り外した。
Claims (25)
- 多層複合体の製造法であって、次の作業工程:
(a)幾何学的要素、数字および文字とは異なる、少なくとも1つの要素(D)を有する画像またはパターンの形の表面構造を有する、電力変調されたレーザー彫刻によって雌型または雄型を準備する工程、その際に表面構造内でスクリーン角度、細孔の深さまたは先細り形状は様々であり、
(b)任意に雄型から雌型を成形する工程、
(c)雌型にプラスチック配合物を噴霧する工程、その際にこの雌型は、50〜200℃の範囲内の温度を有し、
(d)前記プラスチック配合物を固化させて被膜にする工程、
(e)前記被膜を基体(A)と接合する工程、
(f)前記型を取り去る工程
を順次に実施し、
その際に作業工程(e)と(f)は、任意の順序で実施することができることを特徴とする、多層複合体の製造法。 - 作業工程(a)におけるレーザーとして、光レーザーを選択することを特徴とする、請求項1記載の方法。
- シリコーン型からの雌型を選択することを特徴とする、請求項1または2記載の方法。
- ポリウレタン、ポリアミドまたはポリビニルアルコールからのプラスチック型からなる雄型を選択することを特徴とする、請求項1から3までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 作業工程(a)において、5〜5000Wの範囲内のレーザー出力を選択することを特徴とする、請求項1から4までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 作業工程(c)におけるプラスチック配合物として、少なくとも2つの異なるポリウレタンを含む水性ポリウレタン分散液を選択し、その際にポリウレタン(C1)は、60未満の範囲のショアー硬度Aを有し、およびさらなるポリウレタン(C2)は、60超〜100の範囲内のショアー硬度Aを有することを特徴とする、請求項1から5までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- さらに画像またはパターンは、幾何学的要素、数字および文字から選択されている、少なくとも1つの要素を有することを特徴とする、請求項1から6までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 画像が規則的な繰返し単位を有しないことを特徴とする、請求項1から7までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- パターンまたは画像は、種々のスクリーニングによって、種々の造形によって、または種々の高さもしくは深さによって様々な目視的印象を伝える、1〜3000μmの範囲内の高さもしくは深さを有する隆起または凹所によって作成されることを特徴とする、請求項1から8までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記の隆起または凹所は、当該隆起または凹所が様々な幾何学的形状、様々な高さもしくは深さまたは様々なスクリーニングを有することにより、グループごとに区別されることを特徴とする、請求項1から9までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 工程(d)からの被膜は、多孔質であることを特徴とする、請求項1から10までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- (A)基体、
(B)任意に少なくとも1つの接合層および
(C)その目に見える側に1つの表面構造を有する、細毛を有するプラスチック層を含む多層複合体であって、
その際にプラスチック層(C)は、当該プラスチック層(C)の目に見える側に、幾何学的要素、数字および文字とは異なる、少なくとも1つの要素(D)を有する、少なくとも1つの画像またはパターンを有し、
かつ、その際に表面構造内でスクリーン角度、細孔の深さまたは先細り形状は様々である、上記多層複合体。 - 基体(A)が皮革、織物、不織布、紙、木材および人工皮革から選択されていることを特徴とする、請求項12記載の複合体。
- 画像がさらに幾何学的要素、数字および文字を有することを特徴とする、請求項12または13記載の複合体。
- 画像またはパターンの様々な部分は、プラスチック層(C)の目に見える側の様々な立体構造化によって作成されることを特徴とする、請求項12から14までのいずれか1項に記載の複合体。
- 画像が規則的な繰返し単位を有しないことを特徴とする、請求項12から15までのいずれか1項に記載の複合体。
- パターンまたは画像は、種々のスクリーニングによって、または1〜3000μmの範囲内の種々の高さもしくは深さによって様々な目視的印象を伝える隆起または凹所を有することを特徴とする、請求項12から16までのいずれか1項に記載の複合体。
- プラスチック層(C)が少なくとも2つの異なるポリウレタンを含み、その際にポリウレタン(C1)は、60未満の範囲のショアー硬度Aを有し、およびさらなるポリウレタン(C2)は、60超〜100の範囲内のショアー硬度Aを有することを特徴とする、請求項12から17までのいずれか1項に記載の複合体。
- 前記の隆起または凹所は、当該隆起または凹所が様々な立体的幾何学的形状、様々な高さもしくは深さまたは様々なスクリーニングを有することにより、グループごとに区別されることを特徴とする、請求項12から18までのいずれか1項に記載の複合体。
- プラスチック層(C)が多孔質であることを特徴とする、請求項12から19までのいずれか1項に記載の複合体。
- 画像またはパターンが、互いに移行する、2つの異なるパターンの組合せであることを特徴とする、請求項12から20までのいずれか1項に記載の複合体。
- 画像またはパターンが、織物またはニット製品のパターンと結びつけられている、皮革の銀面パターンであることを特徴とする、請求項21記載の複合体。
- 幾何学的要素、数字および文字とは異なる、少なくとも1つの要素(D)を有し、かつ種々のスクリーニングにおいて、または種々の高さもしくは深さにおいて、様々な目視的印象を伝える、隆起または凹所によって作成される、片側で画像またはパターンの少なくとも1つの雌型を有する雌型。
- 前記の隆起または凹所は、当該隆起または凹所が様々な幾何学的形状、様々な高さもしくは深さまたは様々なスクリーニングを有することによって、グループごとに区別されることを特徴とする、請求項23記載の雌型。
- 請求項12から20までのいずれか1項に記載の複合体を製造するための、請求項23または24記載の雌型の使用。
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