JP2014091210A - Grinding and cleaning method and grinding and cleaning tool for deposit on glass surface - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a tool and a grinding and cleaning method where fouling caused by firm deposits such as a scaly scar and the like on glass can be removed simply and easily by a mechanical method without damaging a base material.SOLUTION: A grinding and cleaning tool is mabe by coating an abrasive grain paste on an action surface which is the front surface of an abrasive grain holding plate being backed with a soft elastomer. Rubbing is performed so that the thickness of an abrasive grain layer formed between fouling caused by firm deposits and the action surface becomes very thin to the degree of abrasive grain particles not flowing. The position of the respective abrasive grains is kept because the edge of the projected abrasive grains is pushed on the action surface of the elastomer. The posture of each abrasive grain is restrained by entangling neighboring abrasive grains and then the abrasive grains having no escape shave the deposits.

Description

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is a polishing tool that mechanically removes sticking matters generated on hard and smooth surfaces of non-metallic inorganic materials such as glass and porcelain tiles, particularly adhesion stains that are difficult to remove typified by scale-like marks, and the same. It relates to the cleaning method.

  Buildings and transportation windowpanes are subject to various types of dirt, and their cleaning forms a large market. Among the adhered dirt, scaly marks are generally referred to as “scale dirt”, and since there is no suitable detergent, a great deal of labor is spent on scouring and removing. However, damage to the glass base plate due to strong scouring work is unavoidable, and if it loses its aesthetics or interferes with fluoroscopy, replacement or regeneration processing is required, resulting in a large economic loss.

  Unlike simple residue of water-soluble components, scaly scars are formed by spraying aqueous droplets and precipitating minerals, which generate inorganic salts that are difficult to dissolve in water due to the action of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the air. It is. Although it is a size which cannot be visually recognized at the beginning of generation, it grows and becomes a size that can be visually recognized as it repeatedly overlaps and dries on it, and the function of the glass plate is impaired. Since the precipitation of crystals from the aqueous solution concentrates on the tip of the already existing crystals, the periphery of the dot-like droplet traces grow to become spots, and finally become scale-like.

  Therefore, scaly marks are not generated in rainwater that does not contain minerals, and are easily generated in groundwater and river water, particularly hard water with a high mineral concentration. Even in rainwater, shibuki (spray) that scatters after wetting the ground contains minerals, so it is also generated in the window glass of the vehicle. In addition, the food factories and kitchens frequently wash the interior of the building, which causes inconveniences such as scale marks caused by splashes and fogging glass windows for visitors.

  The composition component of the scaly mark resembles glass and is firmly fixed to the glass with high affinity, so that a general-purpose detergent has little effect. If hydrogen fluoride is used, it can be dissolved and removed, but the glass ground is also melted, and in addition, it is necessary to treat waste liquid containing fluorine, which is not practical. The remaining means is a mechanical scraping method, and various proposals have been made for this. For example, in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, shirasu obtained by firing volcanic ash for all attached dirt including scaly marks. There have been proposed a scraping tool, an abrasive, and a method of using a balloon pulverized product formed together with a solidifying material. Although Shirasu is less likely to damage the glass, a sharpening tool that has been solidified with gypsum or the like requires a great deal of labor to scrape stubborn scaly marks.

  Patent Document 3 proposes a method for recovering the aesthetics by applying a special polymer film to the entire glass surface after the removal on the premise that some scuffs are unavoidable for the removal of the grown scaly marks. ing. Although there are many proposals like this, there is still no commercially available method for removing scaly marks. What is currently put into practical use is to remove and remove scaly marks using a glass polishing abrasive paste while paying close attention. However, at the same time that the scaly marks are cut, some of the glass ground is also cut, and it is inevitable that the removed marks are in a frosted state.

JP-A-11-245168 Japanese Patent No. 4231892 JP 2010-144351 A

  The present invention is intended to solve such a conventional problem and to remove dirt such as scale-like marks firmly attached to the glass surface by mechanical means without damaging the glass ground. It is an object of the present invention to contribute to resource saving by reducing the replacement of expensive glass plates by a method that can be easily operated with simple tools at any glass installation location.

  As means for solving the above-mentioned problems, an abrasive holding plate backed by a soft elastic material is used as a working surface, and an abrasive paste is applied to the surface to obtain a cleaning tool. As a result, when the fixed dirt on the glass surface is polished, the abrasive grains formed between the fixed dirt and the working surface are so thin that the abrasive grains do not flow. Work by adjusting the composition of the paste and the pressing force on the cleaning tool. The abrasive grain holding plate does not have a space through which abrasive grains can enter and is flat so as to be in uniform contact with the glass plate. The powdery abrasive is collectively referred to as “abrasive grain” hereinafter.

  The abrasive grain holding plate that can be used for the scouring tool has a pencil hardness of 1 degree or more lower than the glass base plate to be scoured and 6B or more, and the working surface as the scouring tool is an average of the abrasive grains used. The smoothness should not have irregularities exceeding the particle diameter.

  According to the cleaning tool and the cleaning method of the present invention, the abrasive grains are rubbed while being constrained in a thin layer between the working surface of the cleaning tool and the object to be cleaned, so that the fixed dirt can be removed without damaging the glass ground. Can be scraped selectively. With a simple tool stand, any glass installation location can be processed with much less effort than conventional methods. Protecting the functions and aesthetics of the building, and contributing to resource conservation by reducing the disposal of glass plates.

It is a perspective view of the cleaning tool which shows one Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram of the condition where scaly marks are removed by scouring. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of an abrasive grain shape suitable for this invention.

  The present invention will be described in detail by taking, as an example, a scaly mark that is representative of the glass-fixed soil targeted by the present invention. As a result of a fundamental review of the structure and action effect of scaly scar polishing (polishing) that has been widely performed, the following important phenomena have been found. That is, in polishing, a polishing tool in which abrasive grains are held on an abrasive grain holding material such as felt or sponge is generally used. The voids of the holding material such as paper, nonwoven fabric, woven fabric, and sponge are sufficiently larger and deeper than the size of the abrasive grains. That is, even if abrasive grains are consumed during polishing, the structure can be impregnated with a sufficient amount of abrasive grains so that the polishing operation can be continued.

  When this is pressed against a glass surface with scaly marks and rubbed, the abrasive grains are considered to be in contact with the target scaly marks while flowing relatively freely. The layer thickness of the impregnated abrasive grains is as thin as 1 mm or less, but is several times to several tens of times the thickness of the abrasive grains. In this state, the abrasive grains come into contact with the object to be cleaned while flowing in the impregnated layer of the holding material.

  At this time, since the abrasive grains in contact with the object to be cleaned are subjected to substantially uniform pressure from behind and the abrasive grains are fluid, almost the entire surface thereof contacts the abrasive grains along the unevenness of the object to be cleaned. . The abrasive grains hitting the tip of the scaly mark slightly scrape the tip of the scaly mark due to the high contact pressure. However, since it is a fluidized bed of abrasive grains, it is not immediately pushed back by the contacted scaly marks and retracted into the fluidized bed to continue grinding.

  Since the polishing proceeds in this manner, the protrusion of the deposit that comes into strong contact with the abrasive grains is somewhat thinner than the other, and the surface of the glass ground without deposits is highly smooth, so the abrasive grains The amount to be cut is small. However, since the thickness is reduced along the original irregularities, the scaly marks do not disappear easily, and it takes a lot of labor to completely remove them. Further, even if it can be completely removed, the portion that is excessively shaved becomes frosted in a spot shape, and the homogeneity of the glass surface is impaired.

  As a result of reviewing the conventional polishing mechanism itself, the conclusion was reached that the abrasive grains were not used for scaly scavenging because the abrasive layer was thick and the restraint on individual abrasive grains was not sufficient. did. In that case, the abrasive particles may be strongly restrained to act on the scaly marks, but such a sharpening tool is known as an abrasive paper. However, if you remove the scaly marks with abrasive paper, you can certainly remove the protruding scaly marks, but at the same time, you will also cut some glass. In addition, since abrasive grains are peeled off from the mount by the scraping reaction, the consumption of the abrasive paper is severe, and the cost remains a problem.

  Accordingly, the present invention has been completed as a result of pursuing a method for effectively restraining the abrasive grains by a method different from that of the abrasive paper and trying a method not confined to conventional common sense. In the present invention, first, the cleaning tool has a structure in which the front surface of the abrasive grain holding plate, which is lined with a soft elastic material such as sponge, is used as the working surface as shown in FIG. This structure is a general-purpose sponge scrubbing, that is, an inverted type in which the sponge is impregnated with abrasive grains. In this way, the working surface was a flat plane, and the abrasive grains were held by the elasticity thereof. That is, without impregnating the abrasive grains, the paste-like abrasive grains were thinly applied to a flat surface and the glass surface was rubbed to succeed in selectively scraping off the scaly marks.

  The abrasive grains are not fixed to the working surface of the tool, nor are they impregnated, but are thinly applied in paste form on the working surface of the elastic body. When this is pressed against the glass surface, the abrasive grains are pushed into the working surface of the elastic body and the position thereof is maintained. In addition, if the abrasive layer is made sufficiently thin, adjacent abrasive grains are entangled with each other, and the posture of each abrasive grain is also restrained. This is the basic principle of the present invention. When the polishing tool is rubbed in parallel with the glass surface in this state, the abrasive grains hitting the tips (edges) of the scaly marks have no escape and act like abrasive grains of abrasive paper to scrape off the scaly marks. FIG. 2 schematically shows this situation.

  The abrasive used in the present invention is preferably an abrasive having a lower hardness than the abrasive for polishing glass so as not to damage the glass base plate. The feature of this method is that the scaly marks can be removed by polishing even with a weaker abrasive than the conventional method. Therefore, when the scaly marks are scattered in the form of islands on the glass surface, the abrasive grains pass through the flat glass surface and act so as to be caught by the edges of the scaly marks and scrape the edges. Thus, until the scaly mark disappears, the abrasive grains act exclusively on the scaly mark and make it disappear.

  This effect can be obtained because there is a clear difference between the strength of the glass ground and the scaly marks on the abrasive grains. In other words, glass is solidified from a molten state and solidified to be molded, so that it is dense without voids inside. On the other hand, scaly marks are crystals such as mineral salts that are deposited by drying and concentrating the droplets. Furthermore, it reacts with oxygen and carbon dioxide to increase the volume. This is a polycrystal that grows so that it repeats and proliferates, and has many voids inside. Although the single crystal has a strength comparable to glass, the apparent specific gravity is small when it is stacked with voids, and it is easily broken.

  It is necessary that the abrasive grains have an angular shape. Specifically, a “polyhedron having sharp cadence” is desirable. The surface constituting the solid may have a curved surface, but it needs a caddy or a ridge that is sufficiently “hooked” into the working surface. This cadmium acts as a cutting edge for scraping off the scaly marks at the same time. It is also important to be “non-spherical” so that when compacted to a very thin layer thickness, the particles entangle with each other and do not flow. It is advantageous that the nonspherical degree of the particles, that is, the ratio of length to thickness is large and the specific surface area is large. In general, particles having such a shape can be easily produced by “crushing”.

  The working surface of the cleaning tool needs to have a function of holding the abrasive grains appropriately without allowing them to sink freely and restraining the posture to act on the scaly marks. In order to satisfy this condition, the working surface is provided with fine irregularities corresponding to the shape and size of the abrasive grains, or the flat working surface is provided with appropriate elasticity, and the abrasive grains are pressed by the pressing force of the polishing operation. There are two methods of using the effect of cadling. Either method is possible, but the latter is more advantageous in terms of economy and workability. Further, the flatness of the working surface means a macroscopic planar shape along the glass surface, and microscopic unevenness at the abrasive grain size level is acceptable.

  As the indentation hardness of the abrasive grain holding plate serving as the working surface, the pencil hardness (JIS-K5600) is 6B or more, and it is necessary to be at least 1 degree lower than the glass of the substrate to be polished. Thus, when the glass and the working surface sandwich the abrasive layer, the abrasive grains are pushed and held on the working surface side and slide with the cleaning tool. Since the flexibility of the working surface is determined by the material and thickness of the abrasive grain holding plate, it may be appropriately selected according to the combination of the object to be polished and the abrasive grains. As the material of the abrasive grain holding plate, a general-purpose hard polymer film such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is suitable.

  The thickness of the abrasive layer that is difficult to flow during the scouring operation is usually considered to be 1 to 3 times the particle size. Since this is a very thin layer, the thickness can be confirmed by the hue of the abrasive paste visible from the back of the glass. Therefore, if the fluidity of the paste is managed, the operator can easily control the thickness by the pressing force. Here, the thickness of the abrasive layer being one time the particle diameter means that the abrasive is in contact with the surface to be cleaned and the working surface at the head and tail, and the abrasive is strongly restrained to grind the target. This is a possible state. When this exceeds three times, fluidity appears in the entire abrasive grain layer, and a phenomenon of the conventional method occurs in which the particles hitting the grinding object recede and sink into the abrasive grain layer.

  Next, specific working conditions will be described together with the results of comparing and verifying the effectiveness of the present invention by variously changing the conditions of the cleaning tool in the case where the actual glass scale marks were removed by scouring. The sample material was a glass partition wall of a school lunch, and the mottled pattern of scale-like marks had grown to such an extent that it would interfere with fluoroscopy after 5 years of operation.

  The polishing tool has the structure shown in FIG. 1 and is composed of an abrasive grain holding plate 2 having a working surface 1 and a backing soft elastic material 3 adhered thereto. The abrasive grain holding plate 2 was a polyethylene terephthalate film having a pencil hardness of 2H and a thickness of 0.2 mm, and a general-purpose product was used as it was. The backing soft elastic material 3 is a polyethylene foam having a thickness of 20 mm and has a 25% compressive stress of 350 kPa. The two were bonded together and adapted to manual work, and cut into a planar shape of 100 mm length and 60 mm width to obtain a cleaning tool. For the cleaning test, it was cut out into a prismatic shape having a length of 10 mm and a width of 10 mm. As a comparative example of a cleaning tool, the same polyethylene foam as that of the example was bonded to a commercially available non-woven fabric for polishing (thickness 5 mm) and cut into a prismatic shape having a working surface of 10 mm length and 10 mm width as in the example. And used for the test.

  As a polishing material for the examples, a mixture of 40% by weight of aluminum oxide and 60% by weight of zirconium silicate was used from general-purpose commercial products. 100 grams of dry weight of this abrasive and 100 grams of fresh water were mixed, and a general-purpose thickener was added to prevent precipitation to obtain an abrasive paste. This formulation was derived from the results of applying the various abrasive scale compositions to various scaly marks. As a comparative example, a cerium oxide-based abrasive paste commercially available for scavenging glass scaly was used as it was.

  Four working conditions shown in Table 1 were set by combining two types of the above-described polishing tool and abrasive paste. The amount of the abrasive paste applied was such that the abrasive paste spread over the entire 10 mm square working surface under a pressing force of 5 kg at the time of scouring, so that the surplus slightly protruded. All the scouring operations were rubbed back and forth at a speed of 100 mm per second under a pressing force of 5 kg, and the results of scouring were observed every 10 reciprocations.

  The test results are summarized in Table 1. First, in Examples, the scaly marks disappeared completely after 50 times of rubbing, and no abnormalities were observed in the glass ground even after 60 times. Comparative Example 1 is a combination of the polishing tool of the present invention and a strong glass abrasive, and a scratch on the glass is generated along with the disappearance of the scaly marks. At 40 times when the scaly marks disappeared completely, the glass ground polishing scratches also progressed, and at 50 times, the glass was frosted. This shows that the selection of the abrasive is important for selectively removing the scaly marks. In other words, good results can be obtained by using as hard an abrasive as possible without cutting the glass.

  In Comparative Example 2, an abrasive paste suitable for the present invention was applied to a conventional polishing tool, and scaly marks were hardly removed. Comparative Example 3 is based on a conventional polishing tool and abrasive paste, and progresses to such an extent that scaly marks are lost and polishing scratches on the glass ground are unacceptable. Here, paying attention to Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 3 using the same abrasive paste, if the polishing tool of the present invention is used, the cleaning efficiency is higher than that of the conventional tool. Since this is the same not only for scaly marks but also for glass, it has been clarified that the method of the present invention can effectively grind even glass if an abrasive paste is selected.

  As described in detail above, according to the present invention, it has become possible to remove stubborn scaly marks, which had been impossible to remove neatly by a mechanical method, by a method based on a new idea. This is an epoch-making method that restores the glass surface cleanly with almost no damage to the glass ground, although much less labor and time are required compared to the conventional method that involves polishing scratches on the glass ground. This method is not limited to glass, but can be applied to the surface of similar materials such as tile walls, ceramics, or glazing.

  In addition, although the Example illustrated the manual work, since the rubbing work is a simple motion, it is easy to mechanize this, and the existing technology is sufficient for control. For example, if there are a large number of buildings with the same shape and size, such as building glass partitions, solar power generation panels, or transportation window glass, it is economical to produce a dedicated power machine for each object. Is possible. This is expected to shorten the period of glass window cleaning and contribute to beautification of the urban environment.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Working surface 2 Abrasive grain holding plate 3 Back soft elastic material 4 Glass ground 5 Abrasive grain 6 Scale-like mark 7 Abrasive grain

Claims (2)

With one side of a flat abrasive grain holding plate that does not have a void into which abrasive grains can enter as the working surface, the other side is lined with a soft elastic material,
Abrasive paste dispersed in a liquid medium is applied to the working surface to form a cleaning tool.
When the fixed dirt on the glass surface is cleaned by the cleaning tool,
The composition of the abrasive paste and the pressure applied to the cleaning tool are set so that the thickness of the abrasive layer formed between the fixed dirt and the working surface is such that the abrasive grains do not flow in the abrasive layer. A glass surface adhering material cleaning tool and method, characterized by adjusting the pressure to work. The pencil hardness of the abrasive grain holding plate is 1 degree or more lower than the glass ground plate to be polished, and is 6B or more
2. The glass surface adhering matter scouring tool and the scouring method according to claim 1, wherein the working surface of the abrasive grain holding plate has a smoothness having no irregularities exceeding the average particle diameter of the abrasive grains used.

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