JP2014052102A - Light condensing device and heat collection facility including the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce the size and weight of a support base and a foundation.SOLUTION: A heliostat 30 comprises: a mirror structure 31; a driving device 40 for changing the direction of the mirror structure; and a support base 80 for supporting the driving device 40. The support base 80 comprises: a truncated conical shaped support post 82; and an arm plate 86 which is fixed at an upper end of the support post 82, and which supports in such a manner that an elevation angle with respect to a horizontal surface of a first rotary shaft 52 of the driving device 40 is changeable. The arm plate 86 has a rotary shaft receiving part which receives the first rotary shaft 52 so that the elevation angle can be changed. The rotary shaft receiving part receives a part which in the first rotary shaft, the part being a part different from the center of gravity Q2 of the mirror structure 31, and being a part on an extension line of a support shaft As. Also, the support shaft As of the support post 82 is inclined with respect to the horizontal surface so that the center of gravity Q2 of the mirror structure 31 is located vertically upward of a cross section in a lower end part of the support post 82.

Description

  The present invention relates to a condensing device that condenses sunlight and directs it toward a target condensing position, and a heat collecting facility including the condensing device.

  In recent years, facilities using thermal energy obtained by concentrating sunlight at a predetermined position as environmentally friendly clean energy have been actively developed.

  As a condensing device that condenses sunlight at a predetermined position, for example, there is a device described in Patent Document 1 below.

  The light collecting device includes a mirror structure that reflects and collects sunlight, a drive device that rotates the mirror structure around two rotation axes that are different from each other, and a base that supports the drive device. It is equipped with. The platform includes a support column extending in the vertical direction, and a shaft support portion extending in the vertical direction from the support column and extending in a direction along one rotation axis.

JP 2004-37037 A

  The stand that supports the mirror structure and the like of the condensing device is designed in consideration of the weight of the mirror structure, the moment received from the mirror structure, the wind load received by the mirror structure, and the like. However, it is desired that this stand be as small and light as possible in order to reduce labor during installation, and that the base of the stand is also small and light in weight.

  Then, an object of this invention is to provide the collector which can aim at the size and weight reduction of the stand | base which supports a mirror structure etc., and its foundation, and the heat collecting equipment provided with this.

The light collecting device as one aspect according to the invention for achieving the above object is as follows:
In a condensing device that collects sunlight and directs it to the target condensing position,
A mirror structure that reflects and collects sunlight; a drive device that changes the direction of the mirror structure to direct sunlight reflected by the mirror structure toward the light collection position; and the drive device. And a support base that supports
The drive device includes a first rotation shaft supported by the support base so as to be rotatable about a first rotation axis, a first drive unit that rotates the first rotation shaft, and the mirror structure. A second rotation shaft attached to the first rotation shaft so as to be rotatable about a second rotation axis perpendicular to the first rotation axis, and a second drive unit that rotates the second rotation shaft. Have
The support base is long in the direction in which the support shaft extends around the support shaft, and is fixed to the support with one end fixed to the foundation and the other end of the support so that the angle with respect to the horizontal plane can be changed. A support arm that supports the first rotary shaft, and the support arm includes a rotary bearing portion that receives the first rotary shaft so that the angle of the rotary shaft can be changed, and the rotary bearing portion includes the first rotary shaft. A portion different from the center of gravity of the mirror structure and a portion on the extension line of the support shaft;
The column axis of the column is inclined with respect to a horizontal plane so that the center of gravity of the mirror structure is positioned vertically above the cross section at the one end of the column.

  In the condensing device, since the center of gravity of the mirror structure is positioned vertically above the horizontal cross section at the base end of the support column, a tipping moment caused by the weight of the mirror structure does not act on the base end of the support column. Therefore, in the said condensing device, the cross-sectional secondary moment of a support | pillar can be made small, while being able to achieve size reduction and weight reduction of a support | pillar, it can achieve size reduction and weight reduction of a foundation.

  Further, in the light collecting device, the rotation bearing portion of the support arm is in the first rotation axis and receives the portion on the extension line of the support shaft, so that the structure of the support arm can be simplified.

  Therefore, in the said condensing device, size reduction and weight reduction of a support stand and size reduction of a foundation can be achieved.

  Here, in the light collecting device, the support column may have a frustoconical shape whose outer diameter gradually decreases from the one end portion toward the other end portion.

  In the light collecting device, since the support shaft of the support column is inclined with respect to the horizontal plane, a falling moment is generated due to the weight of the support column itself. However, the column of the concentrator has a frustoconical shape that gradually decreases in outer diameter from the end on the foundation side toward the other end, so that the position of the center of gravity of the column is lower than that of the cylindrical column. Can do. For this reason, in the said condensing device, although the fall moment by the weight of support | pillar itself generate | occur | produces, this fall moment can be made small.

  Moreover, in the said condensing apparatus, by employ | adopting the support | pillar of the above shapes, the interference with these and a support | pillar accompanying operation | movement of a mirror structure or a drive device can be relieve | moderated.

Moreover, the heat collection equipment as one aspect according to the invention for achieving the above-described object is:
It has the said condensing device and the heat receiver which heats a medium with the sunlight condensed with the said condensing device, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

  In the present invention, it is possible to reduce the size and weight of the support base and the size and weight of the foundation.

It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the heat collecting equipment in one Embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is a perspective view of the heliostat in one embodiment concerning the present invention. It is a side view of the heliostat in one embodiment concerning the present invention. It is a figure which shows the mirror structure in one Embodiment which concerns on this invention, The figure (a) is a rear view of a mirror structure, The figure (b) is a bottom view of a mirror structure. It is sectional drawing around each rotating shaft in one Embodiment concerning this invention. It is a perspective view of a support stand in one embodiment concerning the present invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the setting method of the 1st rotating shaft line in one Embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the difference of the effect when the support shaft of a support | pillar is made to incline, and the case where it is not made to incline, The same figure (a) shows the case where a support shaft is inclined, The figure (b) is a support shaft. The case of not tilting is shown.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of a heat collection facility including a light collecting device according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the heat collection facility 1 of the present embodiment reflects sunlight with a heat receiver 10 to which sunlight is irradiated, a tower facility 20 to which the heat receiver 10 is fixed, and a mirror. The heat receiving device 10 is provided with a plurality of heliostats 30 as a light collecting device that irradiates sunlight, and a control device 2 that controls the plurality of heliostats 30.

  The heat receiver 10 includes a heat receiving portion 11 that is irradiated with sunlight, and a casing 12 that covers the heat receiving portion 11. A working fluid such as water or air is supplied into the heat receiving unit 11, and the working fluid is heated by heat from sunlight. When the working fluid is air, the heat collection facility 1 further includes a gas turbine that is driven by heated air and a generator that generates electric power by driving the gas turbine, thereby constituting a solar thermal power generation facility. be able to. In addition, when the working fluid is water, the heat collecting facility further includes a steam turbine driven by steam generated by heating water and a generator driven by the steam turbine to constitute the solar power generating facility. be able to. In this example, the heat energy from the heat receiver 10 is used for generating electric energy, but this heat energy may be used for generating steam.

  A plurality of heliostats 30 are scattered in a ring-shaped region around the tower facility 20. In other words, a plurality of heliostats 30 are arranged 360 ° in the circumferential direction around the tower facility 20, and a plurality of heliostats 30 are also arranged in the perspective direction with the tower facility 20 as a reference. Here, a plurality of heliostats 30 are arranged in a ring-shaped region with the tower facility 20 as the center, but a plurality of heliostats 30 are arranged in a fan-shaped region or a rectangular region requiring the tower facility 20. May be arranged.

  2 to 4, the heliostat 30 includes a mirror structure 31 having a mirror 32 that reflects sunlight, a drive device 40 that directs the mirror 32 of the mirror structure 31 in a target direction, and these And a support base 80 for supporting. The drive device 40 is a device that rotates the mirror structure 31 around the first rotation axis A1 and the second rotation axis A2 that are orthogonal to each other, as will be described in detail later.

  The mirror structure 31 includes two mirrors 32, a back reinforcing plate 33 bonded to the back of each mirror 32, and a support frame 35 that supports the back of the back reinforcing plate 33.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the two mirrors 32 have the same size and the same rectangular plate shape. In the mirror structure 31 of this embodiment, the reflecting surfaces of the two mirrors 32 form one rotationally symmetric surface, specifically, a paraboloid of revolution. The top of this paraboloid is located at the midpoint between the two mirrors 32. Hereinafter, in this embodiment, the vertex of the paraboloid of revolution is the principal point Q1 of the mirror structure 31, and the axis extending through the principal point Q1 in the normal direction to the reflecting surface, that is, rotational symmetry of the rotationally symmetric surface. The axis is the optical axis Ao of the mirror structure 31.

  As described above, the back reinforcing plate 33 is bonded to the entire back surface of the two mirrors 32. The back reinforcing plate 33 is formed of a thin steel plate, a thin aluminum alloy plate, a resin plate, or the like, and is formed so as to have an uneven shape in the plate thickness direction. The back reinforcing plate 33 is bonded to the back surface of the mirror 32 via an adhesive at the top of the convex portion of the concavo-convex shape. On the other hand, a support frame 35 is joined to a portion of the back reinforcing plate 33 that is recessed relative to the convex portion by welding or adhesion.

  The support frame 35 includes a plurality of support beam members 36 and a connecting member 37 that connects the plurality of support beam members 36 to each other. The cross section of the support beam member 36 has a groove shape or a square pipe shape. The plurality of support beam members 36 are joined to the back reinforcing plate 33 such that the longitudinal direction thereof faces the radial direction from the optical axis Ao of the mirror structure 31. Specifically, in this embodiment, two support beam members 36 are provided for one back reinforcing plate 33. One end portion of each support beam member 36 faces the optical axis Ao side, and the other end portion faces the corner side of the back reinforcing plate 33, that is, the corner side of the mirror 32. The back reinforcing plate 33 is provided so as to form a letter. Here, although two support beam members 36 are provided for one back reinforcing plate 33, that is, one mirror 32, three or more support beam members 36 may be provided from the viewpoint of strength.

  The connecting member 37 includes a connecting beam 38 that interconnects the two support beam members 36 of one back reinforcing plate 33, a connecting beam 38 on the one back reinforcing plate 33 side, and a connecting beam on the other back reinforcing plate 33 side. A cylindrical shaft 42 that connects the shaft 38, a T-shaped tube 54 through which the shaft 42 is inserted, and an arm that has one end fixed to the connecting beam 38 and extends along the edge of the back reinforcing plate 33. A plate 39a, and an interval holding rod 39b for connecting the end of the arm plate 39a on the one back reinforcing plate 33 side and the end of the arm plate 39a on the other back reinforcing plate 33 side.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the central axis of the shaft 42 that connects the connecting beams 38 passes through a principal point Q <b> 1 that is orthogonal to the optical axis Ao and that is the apex of the paraboloid of the mirror structure 31. Yes. As shown in FIG. 5, the shaft 42 enters a portion 54 a corresponding to the horizontal line of the T-shaped tube 54, and rotates around its own central axis by a bearing 43 provided inside the T-shaped tube 54. Supported as possible. In the present embodiment, the shaft 42 forms a second rotation axis, and the central axis of the shaft 42 forms a second rotation axis A2. Therefore, hereinafter, this shaft 42 is referred to as a second rotating shaft 42.

  In the present embodiment, the first rotation axis A1 orthogonal to the second rotation axis A2 also passes through the principal point Q1, which is the apex of the paraboloid of the mirror structure 31, like the second rotation axis A2. That is, in the present embodiment, the intersection of the first rotation axis A1 and the second rotation axis A2 and the principal point Q1 of the mirror structure 31 coincide with each other. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the center of gravity Q2 of the mirror structure 31 in the present embodiment is on the optical axis Ao of the mirror structure 31 and is based on the mirror 32 from the principal point Q1 of the mirror structure 31. It exists in the position which shifted | deviated slightly to the support beam member 36 side. However, the center of gravity Q2 exists in the intersection of the first rotating shaft 52 and the second rotating shaft 42.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the driving device 40 rotates the mirrors 32 about the first rotation axis A <b> 1 and the first driving unit 51 for rotating the mirrors 32 about the first rotation axis A <b> 1. It has the 2nd drive part 41 and the elevation angle change part 70 which changes the angle of 1st rotation axis A1 with respect to a horizontal surface.

  The second drive unit 41 includes the above-described second rotation shaft 42 having the second rotation axis A2 as the central axis, and the above-described bearing 43 (supporting the second rotation shaft 42 rotatably about the second rotation axis A2. 5), and a second drive mechanism 45 that rotates each mirror 32 about the second rotation axis A2.

  The first drive unit 51 includes a first rotation axis 52 having a first rotation axis A1 orthogonal to the second rotation axis A2 and passing through the principal point Q1 as a central axis, and a first rotation axis centered on the first rotation axis A1. Two bearings 55 and 56 which support 52 so that rotation is possible, and the 1st drive mechanism 60 which rotates each mirror 32 to the surroundings of 1st rotation axis A1 are provided.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the first rotating shaft 52 includes a cylindrical first rotating shaft main body 53 centering on the first rotating axis A <b> 1 and a T-shaped tube that is a part of the connecting member 37 in the mirror structure 31. 54. A second rotating shaft 42 enters a portion 54a corresponding to a horizontal line of the T-shaped tube 54, and is supported by a bearing 43 provided inside the T-shaped tube 54 so as to be rotatable around the second rotating axis A2. ing. Further, one end of the first rotary shaft main body 53 is connected to a portion 54b corresponding to a vertical line of the T-shaped tube 54 by, for example, fitting or the like, and the first rotary shaft main body 53 is fixed. In other words, the T-shaped tube 54 serves as a shaft connecting member that connects the second rotating shaft 42 and the first rotating shaft main body 53.

  As described above, in this embodiment, the shaft 42 and the T-shaped tube 54 of the connecting member 37 that are components of the mirror structure 31 are also components of the drive device 40.

  One side of the first rotating shaft body 53, that is, a position far from the T-shaped tube 54, is supported by a rear bearing 56, which is one of the two bearings 55, 56 described above, as shown in FIGS. Yes. Further, the other side of the first rotating shaft main body 53, that is, a position close to the T-shaped tube 54 is supported by the front bearing 55 which is the remaining one of the two bearings 55 and 56.

  The first drive mechanism 60 has, for example, a linear motion actuator. The operating end of the linear rod of the linear actuator is connected to the first rotary shaft 52 via a link mechanism, for example. The rod cover of the linear actuator is pin-connected to the rear bearing 56, for example. As described above, the first drive mechanism 60 does not use a linear actuator as a drive source, but may use a motor having a rotation output shaft as a drive source. In this case, the motor case is fixed to the rear bearing 56 or built in the front bearing 55, a gear is provided on the rotation output shaft of the motor, and a gear meshing with the gear is provided on the first rotation shaft 52. .

  Further, the second drive mechanism 45 has, for example, a linear actuator. The operating end of the linear motion rod of this linear motion actuator is pin-connected to the back surface of the mirror structure 31 that can rotate around the second rotational axis A2, for example. The rod cover of the linear actuator is attached to the first rotating shaft 52, for example. Note that the second drive mechanism 45 is not limited to the linear motion actuator as a drive source as described above, and may be a motor having a rotation output shaft as a drive source. In this case, the motor case is fixed to the first rotating shaft 52, a gear is provided on the rotation output shaft of the motor, and a gear meshing with the gear is provided on the second rotating shaft 42. Further, when each of the first rotating shaft 52 and the second rotating shaft 42 is rotated by a motor, an orthogonal two-axis integrated motor that rotates each of the first rotating shaft 52 and the second rotating shaft 42 may be provided. Good.

  The elevation angle changing unit 70 includes a turnbuckle 71 that changes the angle of the first rotation axis A <b> 1 with respect to the support base 80.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the turnbuckle 71 includes a body frame 72 in which female screws are formed at both ends, and screw rods 72 a and 72 b that are screwed into each end of the body frame 72. doing. One end of the screw rod 72a of the turnbuckle 71 is pin-connected to a rear bearing 56 that rotatably supports the first rotary shaft 52. The end of the other screw rod 72 b of the turnbuckle 71 is pin-connected to the support base 80.

  When the body frame 72 of the turnbuckle 71 is rotated, the mutual interval between the screw rods 72a and 72b changes. When the distance between the screw rods 72a and 72b changes, the distance between the pin connection position of the rear bearing 56 and the pin connection position of the support base 80 relative to the turnbuckle 71 changes. As a result, the angle of the first rotation shaft 52 with respect to the horizontal plane changes.

  Here, the turnbuckle 71 is used for the elevation angle changing unit 70 that changes the angle of the first rotating shaft 52 with respect to the support base 80. Instead, for example, a linear actuator or a rotary motion is converted into a linear motion. A device having a rack-and-pinion mechanism that rotates and a rotary motor that rotates the pinion of this mechanism may be used. Further, a fixing plate may be used for the purpose of simplifying the structure.

  As shown in FIGS. 2, 3 and 6, the support base 80 includes a base plate 81 placed at the installation position of the heliostat 30, a support 82 fixed on the base plate 81, and a support 82. It has the some rib 83 provided along the bus-line, and the axis | shaft support stand 85 which supports the 1st rotating shaft 52. As shown in FIG.

  The column 82 has a rotating body shape formed by rotating an isosceles trapezoid around a center axis (hereinafter referred to as a column axis As) of the isosceles trapezoid, that is, a truncated cone shape. The column 82 is fixed to the base plate 81 so that the column axis As is inclined with respect to the horizontal plane. The rib 83 is provided from the lower end to the upper end of the support 82 along the bus line of the support 82. If there is no problem in strength, the rib 83 may be provided only in a part from the lower end to the upper end of the support 82, or the rib 83 may be omitted.

  The shaft support base 85 has a pair of arm plates (support arms) 86 facing each other with a space therebetween, and a connecting plate 87 for connecting the ends of the pair of arm plates 86 to each other. The connecting plate 87 of the shaft support base 85 is fixed to the upper end of the column 82. Further, between the pair of arm plates 86, as shown in FIG. 5, a front bearing 55 that supports the first rotating shaft 52 to be rotatable around the first rotating axis A1 is disposed. The front bearing 55 is provided with an elevation angle changing shaft 88 that is perpendicular to the first rotation axis A1 and extends in the horizontal direction. The arm plate 86 is formed with a shaft hole (rotating bearing portion) 86a that penetrates in the horizontal direction and into which the elevation angle changing shaft 88 is inserted so as to be rotatable around its central axis. Therefore, the first rotation shaft 52 can change the angle with respect to the horizontal plane when the elevation angle changing shaft 88 inserted through the shaft hole 86a of the arm plate 86 rotates about its central axis.

  The pair of arm plates (support arms) 86 of the shaft support base 85 extend in the direction in which the column shaft As extends. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the shaft hole (rotary bearing portion) 86 a of each arm plate 86 is provided at a position on the extension line of the support shaft As when the arm plate 86 is viewed from the front. Therefore, the shaft hole (rotating bearing portion) 86a of each arm plate 86 is in the first rotating shaft 52, and receives a portion different from the center of gravity Q2 of the mirror structure 31 and on the extension line of the column shaft As. It will be.

  By the way, in this embodiment, as mentioned above using FIG.2 and FIG.3, the intersection of 1st rotation axis A1 and 2nd rotation axis A2 and the main point Q1 of the mirror structure 31 correspond. For this reason, in this embodiment, even if the mirror structure 31 rotates around the first rotation axis A1 or the second rotation axis A2, the main point Q1 of the mirror structure 31 does not move. In other words, in this embodiment, the main point Q1 of the mirror structure 31 is a fixed point.

  Thus, in this embodiment, even if the mirror structure 31 rotates about the first rotation axis A1 or the second rotation axis A2, the main point Q1 of the mirror structure 31 does not move. Therefore, the relative position between the main point Q1 of the mirror structure 31 and the heat receiving part 11 (heat collecting position) of the heat receiver 10 does not change.

  Therefore, in this embodiment, the angle formed by the virtual line connecting the sun and the principal point Q1 of the mirror structure 31 and the virtual line connecting the principal point Q1 of the mirror structure 31 and the condensing position is bisected. If the optical axis Ao of the mirror structure 31 is directed in the direction, the sunlight reflected by the mirror 32 of the mirror structure 31 can be accurately irradiated to the heat receiving unit 11 of the heat receiver 10.

  Further, the center of gravity Q2 of the mirror structure 31 described above exists in the intersection of the first rotating shaft 52 and the second rotating shaft 42 as described above. For this reason, in this embodiment, the position of the center of gravity Q2 hardly moves even if the mirror structure 31 rotates about the first rotation axis A1 or about the second rotation axis A2. The moment of trying to rotate the mirror structure 31 itself around the first rotation axis A1 and the second rotation axis A2 with the weight of the mirror structure 31 itself hardly occurs.

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, the driving force for rotating the mirror structure 31 can be reduced, the rigidity of the first rotating shaft 52 and the second rotating shaft 42, and the rotating shafts 52 and 42 are rotated. The mirror structure 31 can be stably supported even when the rigidity of the support structure including the bearings that can be supported is somewhat small.

  Thus, in this embodiment, since rigidity of the 1st rotating shaft 52, the 2nd rotating shaft 42, etc. can be made small, it is also possible to achieve size reduction and weight reduction of these.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, the column axis As of the column 82 is inclined with respect to the horizontal plane so that the center of gravity Q2 of the mirror structure 31 is positioned vertically above the horizontal section at the lower end of the column 82. Thus, in this embodiment, since the center of gravity Q2 of the mirror structure 31 is located vertically above the horizontal cross section at the lower end of the support 82, the falling moment generated by the weight of the mirror structure 31 is at the lower end of the support 82. Does not work. Therefore, in this embodiment, the cross-sectional secondary moment at the lower end portion of the support 82 can be reduced, the support 82 can be reduced in size and weight, and the foundation can be reduced in size and weight.

  Next, the installation method of the heliostat 30 demonstrated above is demonstrated.

  In astronomical telescopes, equatorial mounts are used to facilitate tracking of stars and the sun. This equatorial mount has an ecliptic axis set parallel to the earth axis and an ecliptic axis perpendicular to the ecliptic axis. In this equatorial mount, the astronomical telescope is rotated about the ecliptic axis and the declination axis, the optical axis of the astronomical telescope is once directed to the target astronomical object, and thereafter the astronomical telescope is rotated about the ecliptic axis. Only can cope with the diurnal motion of celestial bodies.

  Accordingly, in the heliostat, if the mirror structure drive device has two rotation axes orthogonal to each other, one rotation axis is set parallel to the ground axis, and the mirror structure is centered on the rotation axis. By turning the, the sun moving in a diurnal motion can be tracked. However, the heliostat needs to reflect light from the sun that moves in a diurnal motion and irradiate the fixed heat receiver 10 with the light. For this reason, as with the astronomical telescope, even if one of the two orthogonal rotation axes is set parallel to the ground axis, the mirror structure must be rotated around the two rotation axes. It is impossible to irradiate the fixed heat receiver 10 with light from the moving sun.

  Therefore, in the following description, a helio that can irradiate the fixed heat receiver 10 with light from the sun moving in a diurnal motion by basically rotating the mirror structure 31 around one rotating shaft 52. A method for setting the rotation axis A1 of the stat 30 will be described.

  First, as shown in FIG. 7, the position data on the earth where the mirror structure 31 is installed, the position data on the earth of the heat receiving part 11 of the heat receiver 10 that becomes the sunlight condensing position Pc, and within one year. And solar position data based on the position of the mirror structure 31 for each of a plurality of times on a predetermined day.

  The position data and the condensing position data of the mirror structure 31 are coordinate data on the earth, that is, data indicated by latitude, longitude, and altitude. Here, the position data of the mirror structure 31 is the position data of the principal point Q1 which is a fixed point of the mirror structure 31 here.

  The solar position data based on the position of the mirror structure 31 is data indicated by the azimuth angle of the sun Ps from the position of the mirror structure 31 and the elevation angle of the sun Ps. Further, the predetermined day of the year is, for example, a spring equinox day or an autumn equinox day. Moreover, the number of sun position data is the number which can specify the locus | trajectory of the sun Ps of the day in a predetermined day, and is specifically 3 or more.

  Next, for each of a plurality of times on a predetermined day, an optical axis vector Vo indicating the direction of the optical axis Ao of the mirror structure 31 that directs the light from the sun Ps at the time to the condensing position Pc is obtained. The direction of the optical axis Ao of the mirror structure 31 that directs the light from the sun Ps at a certain time to the condensing position Pc is the virtual line L1 connecting the sun Ps and the principal point Q1 of the mirror structure 31, and the mirror structure 31 This is a direction that bisects the angle formed by the virtual line L2 connecting the principal point Q1 and the condensing position Pc. In the present embodiment, a unit vector facing this direction is an optical axis vector Vo.

  The trajectory of the direction line segment indicated by the optical axis vector Vo accompanying the diurnal motion of the sun Ps describes the side circumferential surface of a certain cone C. That is, the trajectory of the optical axis Ao of the mirror structure 31 that directs the light from the sun Ps that moves in a diurnal direction toward the condensing position Pc describes the side peripheral surface of the cone C. Therefore, next, a cone C having a generatrix along which a direction line segment indicated by a plurality of optical axis vectors Vo for each time is defined is determined, and a cone center axis vector Va indicating the direction of the center axis of the cone C is obtained. This conical center axis vector Va is also a unit vector.

  When the direction of the first rotation axis A1 of the heliostat 30 coincides with the direction indicated by the conical center axis vector Va, the mirror structure 31 is rotated once around the second rotation axis A2, and the mirror structure 31 If the reflected sunlight is applied to the condensing position Pc, the mirror structure 31 is basically simply rotated around the first rotation axis A1, and the sun Ps is accompanied by the diurnal motion. The locus of the direction line segment indicated by the actual optical axis vector Vo forms the side peripheral surface of the cone C described above. That is, by making the direction of the first rotation axis A1 coincide with the direction of the conical center axis vector Va, the sun Ps that moves in a diurnal motion only by basically rotating the mirror structure 31 about the first rotation axis A1. Can be applied to the light condensing position Pc.

  Here, as described above with reference to FIG. 1, a plurality of heliostats 30 are installed in the installation area of the heat collection facility. Naturally, the relative position with respect to the heat receiver 10 is different for each of the plurality of heliostats 30. For this reason, the angle (elevation angle) with respect to the horizontal plane of the first rotation axis A1 for each of the plurality of heliostats 30 is different. Further, the orientation of the first rotation axis A1 for each of the plurality of heliostats 30 is also different.

  Next, the actual installation procedure of the heliostat 30 will be described.

  First, the support base 80 is installed on the foundation of the heliostat 30.

  Incidentally, as described above, the elevation angle of the first rotation axis A1 with respect to the horizontal plane for each of the plurality of heliostats 30, in other words, the elevation angle of the first rotation axis 52 with respect to the horizontal plane is different after the heliostat 30 is installed. . For this reason, the center of gravity Q2 of the mirror structure 31 located on the front side (the side where the mirror structure 31 is present) in the first rotation shaft 52 and the relatively rear portion in the first rotation shaft 52 are The horizontal distance from the axial hole 86a of the arm plate 86 to be received also differs among the plurality of heliostats 30 after the heliostat 30 is installed.

  For this reason, when the gravity center Q2 of the mirror structure 31 is positioned vertically upward at the center position of the horizontal section at the lower end of the support column 82, the shaft hole 86a comes on the extension line when the arm plate 86 is viewed from the front. The angle of the column axis As with respect to the horizontal plane also differs for each of the plurality of heliostats 30. Therefore, the angle of the support axis As of the support column 82 with respect to the base plate 81 of the support base 80 may be different according to the set elevation angle with respect to the horizontal plane of the first rotation axis A1 for each of the plurality of heliostats 30.

  However, if the angle of the support axis As of the support column 82 with respect to the base plate 81 of the support base 80 differs for each of the plurality of heliostats 30 according to the set elevation angle with respect to the horizontal plane of the first rotation axis A1, the manufacturing cost increases. End up with.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the position of the center of gravity Q2 of the mirror structure 31 in the first rotation shaft 52 and the arm plate 86 in the first rotation shaft 52 in the direction in which the first rotation axis A1 extends. The distance between the position (the position of the shaft hole 86a) is designed to be as small as possible. Furthermore, in the present embodiment, a relatively narrow range of, for example, 60 ° is assumed as a change range of the elevation angle of the first rotation shaft 52 with respect to the horizontal plane.

  For this reason, in this embodiment, even if the angle (inclination angle) of the support shaft As of the support column 82 with respect to the base plate 81 of the support base 80 is the same among the plurality of heliostats 30, the horizontal cross section at the lower end of the support column 82. The center of gravity Q2 of the mirror structure 31 can be positioned vertically above (not the center position of this section). In other words, the position vertically below the center of gravity Q2 of the mirror structure 31 is the horizontal section at the lower end of the column 82. Can be included inside. Therefore, in this embodiment, the angle (inclination angle) of the support shaft As of the support column 82 with respect to the base plate 81 is made the same among the plurality of heliostats 30 to suppress an increase in manufacturing cost.

  In the direction in which the first rotation axis A1 extends, the position of the center of gravity Q2 of the mirror structure 31 in the first rotation shaft 52 and the position received by the arm plate 86 in the first rotation shaft 52 (shaft hole 86a). The angle (inclination angle) of the support axis As of the support column 82 with respect to the base plate 81 between the plurality of heliostats 30 is determined based on the relationship between the distance to the base plate 81 and the distance between the first rotation axis 52 and the horizontal plane. If they cannot be made the same, two or more types of support bases 80 (tilt angles) may be manufactured with a plurality of heliostats 30 having different angles of the support axis As of the support column 82 with respect to the base plate 81.

  When installing the support base 80 of the heliostat 30, the orientation of the support base 80 is adjusted so that the orientation of the first rotation axis A1 becomes the set orientation in the heliostat 30, and then the support base 80 is placed on the foundation. Secure to. The orientation of the first rotation axis A1 coincides with the orientation perpendicular to the imaginary line connecting the shaft holes 86a in the pair of arm plates 86 of the support base 80.

  Next, the main assembly in which the driving device 40 and the mirror structure 31 are integrated is attached to the shaft support 85 of the support 80. At this time, as described above with reference to FIG. 5, the front bearing 55 of the first rotating shaft 52 is disposed between the pair of arm plates 86 of the shaft support base 85, and the elevation angle change provided on the front bearing 55 is changed. The shaft 88 is inserted through the shaft hole 86 a of each arm plate 86.

  Next, the end of one screw rod 73a of the turnbuckle 71 is pin-connected to the rear bearing 56 of the first rotating shaft 52, and the end of the other screw rod 73b of the turnbuckle 71 is provided on the support column 82. Pin connection is made to the rib 83. Then, the fuselage frame 72 of the turnbuckle 71 is rotated so that the elevation angle of the first rotation shaft 52 with respect to the horizontal plane coincides with the set elevation angle with respect to the horizontal plane of the conical central axis vector Va previously determined. 72 is rotated to adjust the elevation angle of the first rotating shaft 52 with respect to the horizontal plane.

  Thus, the installation of the heliostat 30 is completed.

  After the installation of the heliostat 30, in order to irradiate sunlight with the mirror 32 of the heliostat 30 to the condensing position Pc, the sunlight reflected by the mirror structure 31 is rotated by rotating the second rotation shaft 42. Is rotated so that the condensing position Pc is irradiated, in other words, the mirror structure 31 around the second rotation axis A2 is rotated. In this way, if the sunlight reflected by the mirror structure 31 is irradiated to the condensing position Pc, as described above, the mirror structure 31 is basically basically rotated around the first rotation axis A1. It is possible to irradiate the fixed condensing position Pc with the light of the sun moving in a diurnal motion only by rotating the.

  Therefore, in this embodiment, the control system of the drive device 40 is simplified and energy consumption can be suppressed.

  Here, the relationship between the center of gravity Q2 of the mirror structure 31 and the configuration of the support base 80 will be described again with reference to FIG.

  Again, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8A, the column axis As of the column 82 so that the center of gravity Q2 of the mirror structure 31 is positioned vertically above the horizontal section at the lower end of the column 82. Is inclined with respect to the horizontal plane. Thus, in this embodiment, since the center of gravity Q2 of the mirror structure 31 is located vertically above the horizontal cross section at the lower end of the support 82, the falling moment generated by the weight of the mirror structure 31 is at the lower end of the support 82. Does not work.

  By the way, unlike the heliostat 30c as a comparative example shown in FIG. 8B, the column axis As of the column 82c is not inclined with respect to the horizontal plane, that is, the column axis As extends in the vertical direction. Even if the column 82c is provided, it is possible to position the center of gravity Q2 of the mirror structure 31 vertically above the horizontal section at the lower end of the column 82c. In this case, since the center of gravity Q2 of the mirror structure 31 is located on the extension of the support shaft As, the shaft hole 86ac of the arm plate 86c existing at a position different from the center of gravity Q2 of the mirror structure 31 in the horizontal direction It is located away from As by a distance S in the horizontal direction. Therefore, the shaft support 85c having the arm plate 86c has a structure capable of withstanding the moment obtained by multiplying the weight of the mirror structure 31 and the like in the shaft hole 86ac by the distance S between the support shaft As and the shaft hole 86ac in the horizontal direction. Need to be adopted. For this reason, the shaft support base 85c requires, for example, a bracket 89c for receiving this moment, in addition to the pair of arm plates 86c and the connecting plate 87c for connecting the ends of the pair of arm plates 86c. become. Therefore, when the column axis As of the column 82c is not inclined with respect to the horizontal plane, the structure of the support table 80c becomes complicated, leading to an increase in the weight of the support table 80c.

  On the other hand, the shaft support 85 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 8A also has a weight of a mirror structure or the like applied to the shaft hole 86a of the arm plate 86, and the column shaft As at the upper end of the shaft hole 86a and the column 82 in the horizontal direction. Although a moment multiplied by the distance s from the position is applied, since this distance s is extremely small, this moment can be substantially ignored. For this reason, the shaft support 85 can be simplified, and an increase in the weight of the support 80 can be suppressed.

  However, when the support 82 is inclined like the support base 80 of the present embodiment, a falling moment is generated with the lower end of the support 82 as a reference due to the weight of the support 82 itself.

  Therefore, in the following, the overturning moment generated by the weight of the support 82 itself will be considered.

  As an example of this embodiment, the column axis As is at an angle of about 86 ° with respect to the horizontal plane, in other words, an angle of about 4 ° with respect to the vertical plane, and the center of gravity Q2 of the mirror structure 31 is The distance H from the installation surface is at a position of 3000 mm, and the center of gravity Q3 of the support column 82 is at a position at which the distance h from the installation surface of the heliostat 30 is 1000 mm. Further, it is assumed that the support 82 has a weight of 75 kg and the maximum wind load received by the mirror structure 31 is 2500N.

  In this case, since the horizontal distance d between the position of the support shaft As at the lower end of the column 82 and the position of the center of gravity Q3 of the column 82 is about 73 mm, the overturning moment Ms caused by the gravity of the column 82 itself is Thus, 54 (Nm).

Ms = 75 (kgf) × 9.80665 (N / kgf) × 0.073 (m)
= 54 (Nm)

On the other hand, the overturning moment Mw generated by the wind load (2500 N) is almost 7500 (Nm) as follows regardless of the slight inclination of the column 82.
Mw = 2500 (N) × 3.0 (m) = 7500 (Nm)

  Therefore, the overturning moment Ms that increases by tilting the column 82 is within an error range of about 0.7% (= (54/7500) × 100) of the overturning moment Mw caused by the wind load. There is virtually no need to augment.

  Therefore, although the tilting moment Ms is generated by tilting the column 82 due to the weight of the column 82 itself, the advantage of simplifying the shaft support 85 by tilting the column 82 is great.

  Here, when the column 82 is tilted, the fall moment Ms due to the weight of the column 82 itself can be reduced as the position of the center of gravity Q3 of the column 82 is lower. In the present embodiment, as described above, the column 82 has a truncated cone shape whose sectional area decreases as it goes upward, so that the position of the center of gravity is made lower than that of the columnar column. Can do. For this reason, in the present embodiment, the tilting moment Ms is generated by tilting the support 82, but the fall moment Ms due to the weight of the support 82 itself can be reduced.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, a truncated cone shape is adopted as the shape of the support 82, and the fall moment Ms due to the weight of the support 82 itself caused by tilting the support 82 is reduced. On the other hand, the merit by the simplification of the shaft support 85 is relatively increased.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, as the shape of the support | pillar 82, by adopting the truncated cone shape whose cross-sectional area becomes small as it goes upwards, these and the support | pillar accompanying operation | movement of the mirror structure 31 or the drive device 40 are adopted. Interference with 82 can be mitigated.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the support 82 can be reduced in size and weight and the foundation can be reduced in size and weight by reducing the size and weight of the support 82 and simplifying the shaft support base 85.

  In addition, although the mirror structure 31 of this embodiment has the two mirrors 32, this invention is not limited to this, Even if it has only one mirror, three or more sheets It may have a mirror. Furthermore, the shape of the mirror is not limited to a rectangle, and may be, for example, a fan shape including a semicircle.

  In the present embodiment, the first rotation axis A1 and the second rotation axis A2 are orthogonal to each other, and the principal point Q1 of the mirror structure 31 is located on the intersection of the first rotation axis A1 and the second rotation axis A2. doing. However, the first drive unit 51 that rotates the mirror about the first rotation axis A1 and the second drive unit 41 that rotates the mirror about the second rotation axis that is perpendicular to the first rotation axis. Any type of drive device may be used.

  Q1 ... principal point, Ao ... optical axis, A1 ... first rotation axis, A2 ... second rotation axis, 1 ... heat collecting equipment, 2 ... control device, 10 ... heat receiver, 11 ... heat receiving section, 20 ... tower facility, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 30 ... Heliostat (condensing device), 31 ... Mirror structure, 32 ... Mirror, 33 ... Back reinforcement plate, 35 ... Support frame, 36 ... Support beam member, 37 ... Connecting member, 40 ... Drive apparatus, 41st Two drive units, 42 ... second rotary shaft, 45 ... second drive mechanism, 51 ... first drive unit 51, 52 ... first rotary shaft, 60 ... first drive mechanism, 70 ... elevation angle changing unit, 71 ... turn buckle , 80 ... support base, 81 ... base plate, 82 ... column, 83 ... rib, 85 ... shaft support base, 86 ... arm plate (support arm, 86a ... shaft hole (rotating bearing)), 88 ... elevation angle changing shaft

Claims (3)

In a condensing device that collects sunlight and directs it to the target condensing position,
A mirror structure that reflects and collects sunlight; and
A driving device that changes the direction of the mirror structure and directs sunlight reflected by the mirror structure to the light collecting position;
A support for supporting the driving device;
With
The drive device includes a first rotation shaft supported by the support base so as to be rotatable about a first rotation axis, a first drive unit that rotates the first rotation shaft, and the mirror structure. A second rotation shaft attached to the first rotation shaft so as to be rotatable about a second rotation axis perpendicular to the first rotation axis, and a second drive unit that rotates the second rotation shaft. Have
The support base is long in the direction in which the support shaft extends around the support shaft, and is fixed to the support with one end fixed to the foundation and the other end of the support so that the angle with respect to the horizontal plane can be changed. A support arm that supports the first rotating shaft,
The support arm includes a rotation bearing portion that receives the first rotation shaft so that the angle of the rotation shaft can be changed. The rotation bearing portion is located in a portion different from the center of gravity of the mirror structure in the first rotation shaft. And receiving the part on the extension line of the support shaft,
The column axis of the column is inclined with respect to a horizontal plane so that the center of gravity of the mirror structure is located vertically above the cross section at the one end of the column.
A light condensing device. The light collecting device according to claim 1,
The support column has a frustoconical shape whose outer diameter gradually decreases from the one end to the other end.
A light condensing device. The light collecting device according to claim 1 or 2,
A heat receiver for heating the medium by sunlight collected by the light collecting device;
A heat collecting facility characterized by comprising:

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