JP2014047980A - Latent heat recovery type hot water supply device - Google Patents
Latent heat recovery type hot water supply device Download PDFInfo
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- JP2014047980A JP2014047980A JP2012191485A JP2012191485A JP2014047980A JP 2014047980 A JP2014047980 A JP 2014047980A JP 2012191485 A JP2012191485 A JP 2012191485A JP 2012191485 A JP2012191485 A JP 2012191485A JP 2014047980 A JP2014047980 A JP 2014047980A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008233 hard water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24H9/2007—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters
- F24H9/2035—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters using fluid fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/10—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium
- F24H1/12—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium
- F24H1/124—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium using fluid fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
- F24H1/44—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups F24H1/24 - F24H1/40 , e.g. boilers having a combination of features covered by F24H1/24 - F24H1/40
- F24H1/445—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups F24H1/24 - F24H1/40 , e.g. boilers having a combination of features covered by F24H1/24 - F24H1/40 with integrated flue gas condenser
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/40—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers
- F24H15/414—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers using electronic processing, e.g. computer-based
- F24H15/421—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers using electronic processing, e.g. computer-based using pre-stored data
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H8/00—Fluid heaters characterised by means for extracting latent heat from flue gases by means of condensation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D23/00—Control of temperature
- G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
- G05D23/1927—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means using a plurality of sensors
- G05D23/193—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means using a plurality of sensors sensing the temperaure in different places in thermal relationship with one or more spaces
- G05D23/1931—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means using a plurality of sensors sensing the temperaure in different places in thermal relationship with one or more spaces to control the temperature of one space
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
- F24H15/212—Temperature of the water
- F24H15/215—Temperature of the water before heating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
- F24H15/212—Temperature of the water
- F24H15/219—Temperature of the water after heating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
- F24H15/238—Flow rate
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
- F24H15/288—Accumulation of deposits, e.g. lime or scale
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)
- Details Of Fluid Heaters (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、潜熱回収型給湯装置、さらに詳しくは、いわゆる缶石付着や排気閉塞などの異常が生じたことを検出できるように構成された潜熱回収型給湯装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a latent heat recovery type hot water supply device, and more particularly to a latent heat recovery type hot water supply device configured to be able to detect the occurrence of an abnormality such as so-called scale stone adhesion or exhaust blockage.
本出願人は、潜熱回収型給湯装置の一例として、特許文献１に記載のものを先に提案している。
同文献に記載された給湯装置は、バーナにより発生された燃焼ガスから１次熱交換器および２次熱交換器を利用して顕熱および潜熱を順次回収するように構成されている。加熱対象となる湯水は、２次熱交換器を通過した後に１次熱交換器に供給されるように構成されている。これは、２次熱交換器への入水温度を高くすると、潜熱回収効率が低くなるため、これを回避するためである。
The present applicant has previously proposed the one described in Patent Document 1 as an example of a latent heat recovery type hot water supply apparatus.
The hot water supply apparatus described in this document is configured to sequentially recover sensible heat and latent heat from combustion gas generated by a burner using a primary heat exchanger and a secondary heat exchanger. Hot water to be heated is configured to be supplied to the primary heat exchanger after passing through the secondary heat exchanger. This is to avoid the latent heat recovery efficiency that is lowered when the temperature of water entering the secondary heat exchanger is increased.
前記したような給湯装置を比較的長期間にわたって使用する場合、１次熱交換器の伝熱管への缶石付着を生じる場合がある。缶石付着は、伝熱管の内部に、炭酸カルシウムなどの缶石（スケール）が付着し、堆積する現象であり、伝熱管への供給水が硬水の場合にとくに生じ易い。２次熱交換器については、伝熱管内部が比較的低温であるために缶石付着は生じ難い。前記した缶石付着は、１次熱交換器の熱交換効率の低下要因になるだけではなく、その現象が顕著になると故障などを招く。したがって、そのような現象を適切に検出できるようにすることが望まれる。 When the hot water supply apparatus as described above is used for a relatively long period of time, there is a case where scale stone adheres to the heat transfer tube of the primary heat exchanger. The adhesion of scale stone is a phenomenon in which scale stone such as calcium carbonate adheres and accumulates inside the heat transfer tube, and is particularly likely to occur when the water supplied to the heat transfer tube is hard water. As for the secondary heat exchanger, since the inside of the heat transfer tube is relatively low in temperature, adhesion of scale stones hardly occurs. The above-described adhesion of scales not only causes a decrease in the heat exchange efficiency of the primary heat exchanger, but also causes a failure when the phenomenon becomes significant. Therefore, it is desirable to appropriately detect such a phenomenon.
ただし、缶石付着に起因して１次熱交換器の熱交換効率が低下しても、その分だけ、２次熱交換器による熱回収量は増える。給湯装置全体としては、熱回収量は大きく低下しない。このことが、１次熱交換器の缶石付着の検出を難しくする要因となっている。 However, even if the heat exchange efficiency of the primary heat exchanger decreases due to adhesion of scale stone, the amount of heat recovered by the secondary heat exchanger increases accordingly. As a whole hot water supply apparatus, the amount of heat recovery is not greatly reduced. This is a factor that makes it difficult to detect adhesion of scale stones in the primary heat exchanger.
特許文献１においては、前記した缶石付着を検出するための手段として、１次熱交換器および２次熱交換器のそれぞれの熱交換効率を演算し、その比率を求めている。１次熱交換器に缶石付着が生じていれば、相対的に２次熱交換器の熱交換比率が高くなる。したがって、前記手段により缶石付着を検出することが可能である。 In Patent Document 1, as a means for detecting the above-described scale stone adhesion, the heat exchange efficiencies of the primary heat exchanger and the secondary heat exchanger are calculated, and the ratios are obtained. If scale stone adheres to the primary heat exchanger, the heat exchange ratio of the secondary heat exchanger becomes relatively high. Therefore, it is possible to detect adhesion of scale stone by the means.
しかしながら、特許文献１の手段では、次に述べるように未だ改善すべき余地があった。 However, the means of Patent Document 1 still has room for improvement as described below.
すなわち、１次熱交換器と２次熱交換器との熱交換効率の比率は、缶石付着の有無のみに基づいて変化する訳ではなく、これとは別の要因、たとえば２次熱交換器への入水温度条件によっても変化する。２次熱交換器への入水温度が低いほど、２次熱交換器の相対的な熱交換効率比率は高くなる。したがって、特許文献１の手段では、缶石付着の検出精度の点で未だ改善すべき余地がある。
また、特許文献１の手段では、２次熱交換器を通過した湯水の全量が１次熱交換器に供給されることが条件とされる。したがって、後述する図１のバイパス流路５４に相当する手段が設けられて、２次熱交換器を通過した湯水の一部のみが１次熱交換器に供給されるような構成においては、特許文献１の手段を適用することができない。
That is, the ratio of the heat exchange efficiency between the primary heat exchanger and the secondary heat exchanger does not change based only on the presence or absence of scale stone, but other factors such as the secondary heat exchanger. It also changes depending on the water temperature conditions. The lower the incoming water temperature to the secondary heat exchanger, the higher the relative heat exchange efficiency ratio of the secondary heat exchanger. Therefore, the means of Patent Document 1 still has room for improvement in terms of detection accuracy of scale stone adhesion.
Moreover, in the means of Patent Document 1, it is a condition that the entire amount of hot water that has passed through the secondary heat exchanger is supplied to the primary heat exchanger. Therefore, in a configuration in which means corresponding to the
以上は、１次熱交換器に缶石付着が生じる場合を例として説明したが、フィン閉塞タイプの排気閉塞が生じる場合についても同様である。この排気閉塞は、１次熱交換器のフィンに燃焼ガス中の煤が付着し、堆積することにより生じる。２次熱交換器は、１次熱交換器を通過した後の燃焼ガスを受けるために、そのような排気閉塞は生じ難い。 Although the case where scale stone adhesion occurs in the primary heat exchanger has been described above as an example, the same applies to the case where fin block type exhaust blockage occurs. This exhaust clogging occurs when soot in the combustion gas adheres to and accumulates on the fins of the primary heat exchanger. Since the secondary heat exchanger receives the combustion gas after passing through the primary heat exchanger, such exhaust blockage is unlikely to occur.
本発明は、前記したような事情のもとで考え出されたものであり、１次熱交換器と２次熱交換器とがバイパス接続されているか否かといったことを問わず、１次熱交換器に缶石付着や排気閉塞などの異常を生じた際には、その旨を正確に検出することが可能な潜熱回収型給湯装置を提供することを、その課題としている。 The present invention has been conceived under the circumstances as described above, regardless of whether the primary heat exchanger and the secondary heat exchanger are bypass-connected or not. It is an object of the present invention to provide a latent heat recovery type hot water supply device capable of accurately detecting the occurrence of abnormalities such as sticking stones or exhaust blockage in the exchanger.
上記の課題を解決するため、本発明では、次の技術的手段を講じている。 In order to solve the above problems, the present invention takes the following technical means.
本発明により提供される潜熱回収型給湯装置は、バーナにより発生された燃焼ガスから顕熱を回収するための伝熱管を有する１次熱交換器と、この１次熱交換器によって熱回収を終えた後の燃焼ガスから潜熱を回収するための伝熱管を有する２次熱交換器と、前記２次熱交換器の熱交換効率を算出可能な制御部と、を備えており、前記２次熱交換器に入水して加熱された後の湯水が、前記１次熱交換器に送られてさらに加熱されるように構成されている、潜熱回収型給湯装置であって、前記制御部は、前記２次熱交換器の熱交換効率を算出した場合には、この熱交換効率を所定の閾値と比較し、この閾値よりも前記算出した熱交換効率が大きい場合には異常があると判断する一方、そうでない場合には異常はないと判断するとともに、前記閾値については、前記２次熱交換器への入水温度に対応させて変更するように構成されていることを特徴としている。
本発明においては、前記２次熱交換器を通過した後の湯水の一部を、前記１次熱交換器に供給することなく前記１次熱交換器の出湯側経路に流れさせるためのバイパス流路を備えている構成とすることができる。
The latent heat recovery type hot water supply apparatus provided by the present invention includes a primary heat exchanger having a heat transfer tube for recovering sensible heat from combustion gas generated by a burner, and heat recovery by the primary heat exchanger. A secondary heat exchanger having a heat transfer tube for recovering latent heat from the burned combustion gas, and a controller capable of calculating the heat exchange efficiency of the secondary heat exchanger. The hot water after entering the exchanger and being heated is sent to the primary heat exchanger and further heated, wherein the controller is configured to When the heat exchange efficiency of the secondary heat exchanger is calculated, the heat exchange efficiency is compared with a predetermined threshold, and when the calculated heat exchange efficiency is larger than the threshold, it is determined that there is an abnormality. Otherwise, it is determined that there is no abnormality and the threshold is For it is characterized by being configured to vary in correspondence with the incoming water temperature to the secondary heat exchanger.
In the present invention, a bypass flow for causing a part of hot water after passing through the secondary heat exchanger to flow to the outlet side path of the primary heat exchanger without being supplied to the primary heat exchanger. It can be set as the structure provided with the path.
このような構成によれば、次のような効果が得られる。
まず、１次熱交換器に缶石付着あるいは排気閉塞を生じ、この現象が顕著になると、１次熱交換器の熱交換効率は低下する一方、２次熱交換器の熱交換効率は上昇する。本発明では、このような現象のうち、２次熱交換器の熱交換効率が上昇する現象に着目し、２次熱交換器の熱交換効率が所定の閾値を超えるほど高くなった場合には、缶石付着あるいは排気閉塞などの異常が生じたものと判断する手法を採用している。ただし、本発明では、２次熱交換器の熱交換効率は、入水温度の影響を受け易いことを考慮し、入水温度に応じて閾値を変更する。したがって、本発明によれば、前記従来技術と比較して、缶石付着や排気閉塞などの異常をより精度よく検出することが可能となる。
加えて、本発明においては、前記従来技術とは異なり、１次熱交換器の熱交換効率を考慮する必要はない。したがって、２次熱交換器を通過した後の湯水の全量が１次熱交換器に供給されない構成（図１のバイパス流路５４が設けられた構成）が採用された場合であっても、缶石付着や排気閉塞などの異常の有無を的確に判断することができる利点も得られる。
According to such a configuration, the following effects can be obtained.
Firstly, if the phenomenon becomes noticeable and sticks or exhausts are clogged in the primary heat exchanger, the heat exchange efficiency of the primary heat exchanger decreases, while the heat exchange efficiency of the secondary heat exchanger increases. . In the present invention, paying attention to the phenomenon that the heat exchange efficiency of the secondary heat exchanger increases among such phenomena, when the heat exchange efficiency of the secondary heat exchanger exceeds a predetermined threshold, A method is adopted in which it is determined that an abnormality such as sticking stone or exhaust blockage has occurred. However, in the present invention, considering that the heat exchange efficiency of the secondary heat exchanger is easily influenced by the incoming water temperature, the threshold value is changed according to the incoming water temperature. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to more accurately detect abnormalities such as adhesion of scales and exhaust blockage, as compared with the prior art.
In addition, in the present invention, unlike the prior art, it is not necessary to consider the heat exchange efficiency of the primary heat exchanger. Therefore, even if a configuration in which the entire amount of hot water after passing through the secondary heat exchanger is not supplied to the primary heat exchanger (a configuration in which the
本発明において、好ましくは、前記制御部は、前記２次熱交換器への入水温度と閾値との対応関係を示すデータを記憶した記憶部を有しており、前記２次熱交換器の熱交換効率との比較対象となる閾値は、前記記憶部に記憶されたデータに基づいて決定するように構成されている。 In this invention, Preferably, the said control part has a memory | storage part which memorize | stored the data which show the corresponding | compatible relationship between the incoming water temperature to the said secondary heat exchanger, and a threshold value, The heat | fever of the said secondary heat exchanger The threshold value to be compared with the exchange efficiency is configured to be determined based on the data stored in the storage unit.
このような構成によれば、閾値を決定する処理を、記憶部に記憶されたデータに基づい
て迅速に行なうことができる。
According to such a structure, the process which determines a threshold value can be rapidly performed based on the data memorize | stored in the memory | storage part.
本発明のその他の特徴および利点は、添付図面を参照して以下に行なう発明の実施の形態の説明から、より明らかになるであろう。 Other features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description of embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
以下、本発明の好ましい実施の形態について、図面を参照して具体的に説明する。 Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings.
図１に示す潜熱回収型給湯装置Ａは、ガスバーナなどのバーナ３、このバーナ３によって発生された燃焼ガスから顕熱を回収するための１次熱交換器１、この１次熱交換器１を通過した後の燃焼ガスから潜熱を回収するための２次熱交換器２、および制御部４を備えている。
A latent heat recovery type hot water supply apparatus A shown in FIG. 1 includes a
１次熱交換器１および２次熱交換器２は、内部に湯水を流通させる伝熱管１０，２０を備えており、入水口５０に供給された湯水は、流路５１を通過して２次熱交換器２に入水して加熱された後に、流路５２を介して１次熱交換器１に送られる。ただし、流路５２は、１次熱交換器１の出湯側の流路５３に対し、バイパス流路５４を介して繋がっており、１次熱交換器１には、流路５２中の湯水の全量は供給されず、一部の湯水が供給されるように構成されている。このような構成によれば、１次熱交換器１の湯水流量が少量化されるために、１次熱交換器１の高温化が図られ、１次熱交換器１における結露防止性能を高めることができる。バイパス流路５４を通過した湯水は、１次熱交換器１の出湯側の流路５３に合流し、それらの混合湯水が出湯口５５から所望の給湯先に供給される。流路５１，５２には、入水温度および２次熱交換器出湯温度を検出するための温度センサＳａ，Ｓｂや、入水流量検出用の流量センサＳｃなどが設けられている。
The primary heat exchanger 1 and the
制御部４は、マイクロコンピュータなどを用いて構成されており、潜熱回収型給湯装置Ａの各部の動作制御を実行可能であるが、これに加えて、１次熱交換器１に缶石付着や排気閉塞などの異常が生じていないか否かの判断処理も実行する。その具体的な内容については後述するが、前記判断処理を行なうためのデータとして、制御部４の記憶部４０には、図２に示すような閾値ＴｈのデータＤ１が記憶されている。
The control unit 4 is configured using a microcomputer or the like, and can control the operation of each part of the latent heat recovery hot water supply device A. In addition to this, the primary heat exchanger 1 A process for determining whether or not an abnormality such as exhaust blockage has occurred is also executed. Although the specific contents will be described later, data D1 of a threshold value Th as shown in FIG. 2 is stored in the
図２において、破線で示すデータＤ０は、入水温度と、１次熱交換器１が正常（缶石付着なし、排気閉塞なしの状態）である場合の２次熱交換器２の熱交換効率を示すものである。閾値ＴｈのデータＤ１は、前記した熱交換効率の値に、所定の値α（たとえば、３％など）を上乗せしたものであり、様々な入水温度に対応して設定されている。
In FIG. 2, data D0 indicated by a broken line represents the water exchange temperature and the heat exchange efficiency of the
次に、前記した潜熱回収型給湯装置の作用について説明する。併せて、制御部４の動作処理手順の一例について、図３のフローチャートを参照しつつ説明する。 Next, the operation of the above-described latent heat recovery type hot water supply apparatus will be described. In addition, an example of the operation processing procedure of the control unit 4 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
まず、２次熱交換器２および１次熱交換器１に湯水供給がなされ、かつバーナ３が燃焼駆動を開始すると、制御部４は、２次熱交換器２の熱交換効率ηの演算処理を行なう（Ｓ１）。熱交換効率ηは、次の式１により求めることができる。
η＝Ｑ１／Ｑ２ …式１
Ｑ１は、２次熱交換器２による湯水加熱量であり、Ｑ１＝（Ｔ２−Ｔ１）・Ｗ で求められる。Ｔ１は入水温度、Ｔ２は２次熱交換器出湯温度、Ｗは入水流量であり、これらは温度センサＳａ，Ｓｂ、および流量センサＳｃを用いて検出される。
Ｑ２は、バーナ３の燃焼熱量であり、たとえばバーナ３の燃料ガス消費量と燃料ガスの発熱量との積として求めることができる。
First, when hot water is supplied to the
η = Q1 / Q2 Equation 1
Q1 is the amount of hot water heated by the
Q2 is the amount of combustion heat of the
次いで、制御部４は、図２に示したデータＤ１から、入水温度Ｔ１に対応する閾値Ｔｈのデータを選択し、この閾値Ｔｈと前記した熱交換効率ηとを比較する（Ｓ２，Ｓ３）。この比較により、η＞Ｔｈ の関係が成立し、この関係が所定時間以上継続すれば、その時点で１次熱交換器１に缶石付着あるいは排気閉塞などの異常が生じたものと判断される（Ｓ３：ＹＥＳ，Ｓ４：ＹＥＳ，Ｓ５）。図３には示されていないが、この場合には異常が生じた旨の報知動作や、バーナ３の運転停止措置が採られる。これとは異なり、η＞Ｔｈ の関係が成立しない場合には、異常がある旨の判断はなされない（Ｓ３：ＮＯ，Ｓ６）。前記した一連の処理は、潜熱回収型給湯装置Ａの運転中は継続して繰り返し実行される。
Next, the control unit 4 selects data on the threshold value Th corresponding to the incoming water temperature T1 from the data D1 shown in FIG. 2, and compares this threshold value Th with the above-described heat exchange efficiency η (S2, S3). As a result of this comparison, a relationship of η> Th is established, and if this relationship continues for a predetermined time or more, it is determined that abnormality such as adhesion of stone or exhaust blockage has occurred in the primary heat exchanger 1 at that time. (S3: YES, S4: YES, S5). Although not shown in FIG. 3, in this case, a notification operation that an abnormality has occurred and a measure to stop the operation of the
前記した一連の処理によれば、１次熱交換器１に缶石付着あるいは排気閉塞が生じることに起因して、２次熱交換器２の熱交換効率が大きく上昇する現象を生じると、この旨を的確に察知することができる。２次熱交換器２の熱交換効率は、入水温度に左右されるが、前記した処理においては、入水温度によって熱交換効率が変動することを考慮した上で異常の有無が判断されているために、この判断は正確なものとなる。また、異常が生じた場合に、これを早期に発見する上でも好ましいものとなる。さらに、潜熱回収型給湯装置Ａには、バイパス流路５４が設けられており、１次熱交換器１と２次熱交換器２とに供給される湯水の流量が相違するものの、前記した処理によれば、そのようなことには関係なく、異常の有無についての的確な判断を行なうことが可能である。
According to the above-described series of processing, if a phenomenon occurs in which the heat exchange efficiency of the
本発明は、上述した実施形態の内容に限定されない。本発明に係る潜熱回収型給湯装置の各部の具体的な構成は、本発明の意図する範囲内において種々に設計変更自在である。 The present invention is not limited to the contents of the above-described embodiment. The specific configuration of each part of the latent heat recovery type hot water supply apparatus according to the present invention can be variously modified within the range intended by the present invention.
本発明においては、上述した実施形態のバイパス流路５４を無くした構成とすることもできる。１次熱交換器および２次熱交換器は、伝熱管を用いて熱回収を図るタイプであればよい。バーナは、ガスバーナに代えて、オイルバーナとすることもできる。
In this invention, it can also be set as the structure which eliminated the
Ａ 潜熱回収型給湯装置
１ １次熱交換器
２ ２次熱交換器
３ バーナ
４ 制御部
１０ 伝熱管
２０ 伝熱管
４０ 記憶部
A latent heat recovery type hot water supply device 1
Claims (3)
この１次熱交換器によって熱回収を終えた後の燃焼ガスから潜熱を回収するための伝熱管を有する２次熱交換器と、
前記２次熱交換器の熱交換効率を算出可能な制御部と、
を備えており、
前記２次熱交換器に入水して加熱された後の湯水が、前記１次熱交換器に送られてさらに加熱されるように構成されている、潜熱回収型給湯装置であって、
前記制御部は、前記２次熱交換器の熱交換効率を算出した場合には、この熱交換効率を所定の閾値と比較し、この閾値よりも前記算出した熱交換効率が大きい場合には異常があると判断する一方、そうでない場合には異常はないと判断するとともに、前記閾値については、前記２次熱交換器への入水温度に対応させて変更するように構成されていることを特徴とする、潜熱回収型給湯装置。 A primary heat exchanger having a heat transfer tube for recovering sensible heat from the combustion gas generated by the burner;
A secondary heat exchanger having a heat transfer tube for recovering latent heat from the combustion gas after heat recovery by the primary heat exchanger;
A control unit capable of calculating the heat exchange efficiency of the secondary heat exchanger;
With
A latent heat recovery type hot water supply device configured such that hot water after entering and heating the secondary heat exchanger is sent to the primary heat exchanger and further heated,
When calculating the heat exchange efficiency of the secondary heat exchanger, the control unit compares the heat exchange efficiency with a predetermined threshold value, and abnormal when the calculated heat exchange efficiency is larger than the threshold value. While it is determined that there is no abnormality, it is determined that there is no abnormality, and the threshold value is configured to be changed in accordance with the temperature of water entering the secondary heat exchanger. A latent heat recovery type hot water supply device.
前記２次熱交換器を通過した後の湯水の一部を、前記１次熱交換器に供給することなく前記１次熱交換器の出湯側経路に流れさせるためのバイパス流路を備えている、潜熱回収型給湯装置。 The latent heat recovery hot water supply device according to claim 1,
A bypass flow path is provided for allowing a part of the hot water after passing through the secondary heat exchanger to flow to the hot water outlet side path of the primary heat exchanger without being supplied to the primary heat exchanger. , Latent heat recovery type hot water supply device.
前記制御部は、前記２次熱交換器への入水温度と閾値との対応関係を示すデータを記憶した記憶部を有しており、
前記２次熱交換器の熱交換効率との比較対象となる閾値は、前記記憶部に記憶されたデータに基づいて決定するように構成されている、潜熱回収型給湯装置。 The latent heat recovery type hot water supply device according to claim 1 or 2,
The control unit has a storage unit that stores data indicating a correspondence relationship between a temperature of water entering the secondary heat exchanger and a threshold value;
The latent heat recovery type hot water supply apparatus configured to determine a threshold value to be compared with a heat exchange efficiency of the secondary heat exchanger based on data stored in the storage unit.
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| JP2012191485A JP2014047980A (en) | 2012-08-31 | 2012-08-31 | Latent heat recovery type hot water supply device |
| US14/011,570 US20140060458A1 (en) | 2012-08-31 | 2013-08-27 | Latent heat recovery type water heater |
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| JP2017026280A (en) * | 2015-07-28 | 2017-02-02 | 株式会社ノーリツ | Water heater |
| JP2018159486A (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2018-10-11 | 株式会社ノーリツ | Hot water supply system and control method for the same |
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