JP2013205045A - Wheel shape measuring device - Google Patents

Abstract

A predetermined measurement item related to the shape of a wheel is accurately measured without contact with the wheel.
When the passage sensors 11a, 11b, etc. detect the passage of wheels 10a, 10b, the tread outer laser light irradiation unit 13a is turned on for a predetermined time, the laser light receiving unit 14a receives the reflected light, and the tread outer When the radial center of the wheel 10a is located on the extended line of the elevation angle η of the laser light from the laser light irradiation unit 13a, the tread inner laser light irradiation unit 16a emits laser light having a wavelength different from that of the tread outer laser light irradiation unit 13a. The tread outer camera 15a and the tread inner camera 16a operate to take a picture with the shutter lowered. The image processing unit 18 inputs a wheel 10a tread outer image captured by the tread outer camera 15a and a tread inner image captured by the tread inner camera 17a and having a wavelength different from that of the tread outer camera 15a, and generates a composite image. The wheel shape measuring unit 19 measures predetermined measurement items related to the wheels based on the composite image.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  In the embodiment of the present invention, while a train such as a train passes on a rail, predetermined measurement items related to the shape of the wheel such as the wheel diameter, the flange width, and the flange angle of the wheel are not contacted with the wheel. The present invention relates to a wheel shape measuring device that measures with high accuracy by a light cutting method.

  Wheels such as railroad trains are worn by running, causing train vibration and rattling. For this reason, it is necessary to periodically inspect the wheel shape such as the wheel diameter, flange width, and flange angle of the wheel. As an apparatus for measuring a predetermined measurement item in a non-contact manner with a wheel, for example, there is a wheel measuring apparatus by a light cutting method using a laser beam (see Patent Document 1). This device irradiates the surface of the wheel on the surface of the wheel by separately irradiating the surface of the wheel with a laser beam from two directions in the range covering the flange portion from the reference groove side end surface of the wheel and the range covering the flange portion from the wheel tread side end surface. The cross-sectional contour shape is displayed, the cross-sectional contour shape is photographed with a separate camera from the same direction as the laser beam irradiation direction, each photographed image is three-dimensionally processed, and both processed images are synthesized to form a composite image And a reference image synthesized by the above method for a wheel having a known dimension value, and the dimension of the measurement location is measured from the difference between the two images.

JP 2008-180619 A

  However, in the above-described wheel shape measuring apparatus of Patent Document 1, although the irradiation direction of the laser beam and the shooting direction of the camera are irradiated from the vicinity of the rail toward the vicinity of the center of the diameter of the wheel, the center of the diameter of the wheel is used. It was not exactly detected and irradiated. In other words, since the laser beam was radiated toward the center of the wheel diameter, if the wheel diameter of the train to be measured is different in the first place, or if the tread surface of the wheel is worn, the laser beam There is a problem that the image of the tread surface irradiated with the light is distorted by the amount deviated from the center of the wheel diameter, which causes a shape measurement error in the optical cutting method.

  Therefore, in view of such a problem, the applicant of the present invention is capable of accurately measuring a predetermined measurement item related to the shape of the wheel without contact with the wheel, a wheel shape measuring method, and a wheel shape measurement. A program was proposed (Japanese Patent Application No. 2010-114138).

  In this wheel shape measurement, the laser beam is irradiated from the inside and outside of the rail toward the center of the wheel axis, the outside laser beam is the outside camera, and the inside laser beam is the inside. After each image is captured by the camera, image processing for combining the two captured images is performed to obtain the wheel shape and the like.

  However, if the position of the apparatus is shifted due to deterioration over time, the two laser beams on the inside and outside may slightly shift without overlapping on the wheel, resulting in a double line. If the deviation exceeds the measurement error range, it is necessary to reset the position or replace the device. However, if the laser position deviation is within the measurement error range, it would be desirable to continue measuring the wheel shape. There is a request. However, there is a problem that the measurement program cannot determine which of the two lines is taken as the acquired data because the laser beam is reflected on the double line, and measurement cannot be performed.

  Embodiments of the present invention have been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a wheel shape measuring device that can prevent inaccurate measurement due to positional deviation or aging deterioration of a laser beam irradiation device. There is.

  In order to achieve the above object, the first feature of the wheel shape measuring apparatus according to the present embodiment is that the wheel shape measuring device is installed from the outside of the wheel passing on the rail with a predetermined elevation angle direction with respect to the tread surface of the wheel. A tread outer laser beam transmitter for transmitting a first laser beam to the tread of the wheel, and a predetermined elevation angle direction from the inner side of the wheel to the tread of the wheel. A tread surface inner side laser beam transmitter for transmitting a second laser beam having a wavelength different from that of the first laser beam, and the first laser beam reflected by the tread of the wheel. Alternatively, the second laser beam is installed at a position where the second laser beam is incident in the predetermined elevation angle direction, and receives the first laser beam or the second laser beam reflected by the tread of the wheel, The first laser beam or the first laser beam; A laser beam receiver that detects that the laser beam is transmitted from the tread outer laser beam transmitter or the tread inner laser beam transmitter toward the radial center of the wheel, and the tread of the wheel from the outer side of the wheel The first laser beam or the second laser beam is transmitted by the laser beam receiver to the outer laser beam transmitter or the inner laser beam transmitter of the tread surface. From the inner surface of the wheel to the tread surface of the wheel, and the predetermined elevation angle from the inner surface of the wheel to the tread surface of the wheel The first laser line light or the second laser line light is installed in a direction and the laser beam receiving unit transmits the first laser beam or the second laser beam to the outer laser beam transmitter or the inner laser beam transmitter. If it is detected that the signal is transmitted toward the center of the diameter of the wheel, a tread inner camera that captures a tread inner image including a reference groove and a flange portion of the wheel, the laser light receiving unit, the tread outer camera, and A band-pass filter that is provided at each input end of the tread inner camera and transmits only the wavelength component to be input, and an outer side of the wheel tread that has been photographed by the outer camera and passed through the corresponding band pass filter. The image and the tread inner camera photographed and input the tread inner image transmitted through the corresponding bandpass filter and image-processed to include at least the wheel tread, the flange portion, and the reference groove An image processing unit that generates a combined image of the wheel, and a predetermined measurement related to the shape of the wheel based on the combined image of the wheel generated by the image processing unit And a wheel shape measuring unit for measuring items.

  A second feature of the wheel shape measuring apparatus according to the present embodiment is that the wheel shape measuring device is installed from the outside of the wheel passing on the rail toward the tread surface of the wheel with a predetermined elevation angle direction, and the first laser is applied to the tread surface of the wheel. A tread outer laser beam transmitter for transmitting the line light; and the predetermined elevation angle direction from the inner side of the wheel to the tread surface of the wheel, and the reference groove and the flange of the wheel, A laser beam transmitter having a predetermined time difference from the laser beam and transmitting a second laser beam at different timings, and the first laser beam reflected by the wheel surface or The second laser beam is installed at a position where the second laser beam is incident in the predetermined elevation direction, and receives the first laser beam or the second laser beam reflected by the tread of the wheel, The first laser beam or A laser beam receiver for detecting that the second laser beam is transmitted from the outer tread surface laser beam transmitter or the inner tread surface laser beam transmitter toward the radial center of the wheel; The first laser beam or the second laser beam is transmitted by the laser beam receiving unit to the outer laser beam transmitter or the inner laser beam of the tread. When it is detected that the transmission is transmitted from the transmission unit toward the center of the diameter of the wheel, a tread outer camera that captures a tread outer image including the tread of the wheel, and the predetermined tread from the inner side of the wheel to the tread of the wheel. The first laser line light or the second laser line light is transmitted by the laser light receiving unit from the tread outer side laser light transmitting unit or the tread inner surface laser light transmission. When it is detected that the signal is transmitted toward the center of the diameter of the wheel, a tread inner image including the reference groove and the flange portion of the wheel is photographed at a different timing with a predetermined time difference from the tread outer camera. The tread inner camera, the tread outer image of the wheel photographed by the tread outer camera, and the tread inner image photographed by the tread inner camera are input and image-processed, the wheel tread, the flange portion, An image processing unit that generates a composite image of the wheel including at least a reference groove, and a wheel shape measurement unit that measures a predetermined measurement item related to the shape of the wheel based on the composite image of the wheel generated by the image processing unit And having.

A third feature of the wheel shape measuring apparatus according to the present embodiment is center detection that is installed in a predetermined elevation angle direction and transmits a center detection signal in the predetermined elevation angle direction to a tread surface of a wheel passing on a rail. A signal transmission unit is installed at a position where the center detection signal reflected by the tread of the wheel is incident in the predetermined elevation angle direction, receives the center detection signal reflected by the tread of the wheel, and detects the center A center detection signal receiving unit for detecting that a signal is transmitted from the center detection signal transmitting unit toward the center of the diameter of the wheel; and the predetermined elevation angle direction with respect to the tread of the wheel from the outside of the wheel passing on the rail And when the center detection signal receiving unit detects that the center detection signal is transmitted from the center detection signal transmitting unit toward the radial center of the wheel, the wheel A tread outer laser beam transmitter that transmits a first laser beam to the tread, and a predetermined elevation angle direction from the inner side of the wheel to the tread of the wheel, and the center detection signal receiver When it is detected that a center detection signal has been transmitted from the center detection signal transmitter toward the radial center of the wheel, the reference groove and the flange of the wheel have a wavelength different from that of the first laser beam. A tread surface inner side laser beam transmitting unit for transmitting the second laser filament light, and a predetermined elevation angle direction from the outside of the wheel with respect to the tread surface of the wheel. When it is detected that a detection signal is transmitted from the center detection signal transmission unit toward the center of the diameter of the wheel, a tread outer camera that captures a tread outer image including a tread of the wheel, and the wheel It is installed with the predetermined elevation angle facing the tread surface of the wheel from the inside, and the center detection signal is transmitted from the center detection signal transmission unit toward the radial center of the wheel by the center detection signal reception unit. If detected, a tread inner camera that captures a tread inner image including the reference groove and flange of the wheel;
Provided at each input end of the tread outer camera and the tread inner camera, each of which passes only the wavelength component to be input, and the tread outer camera shoots and passes through the corresponding band pass filter. The wheel tread outer image and the tread inner camera photographed and input the corresponding tread inner image that has passed through the corresponding bandpass filter and processed, and the wheel tread, flange, and reference An image processing unit that generates a composite image of the wheel including at least a groove; and a wheel shape measurement unit that measures a predetermined measurement item related to the shape of the wheel based on the composite image of the wheel generated by the image processing unit; It is to have.

  A fourth feature of the wheel shape measuring apparatus according to the present embodiment is that center detection is performed in a predetermined elevation angle direction, and a center detection signal is transmitted in the predetermined elevation angle direction to a tread surface of a wheel passing on a rail. A signal transmission unit is installed at a position where the center detection signal reflected by the tread of the wheel is incident in the predetermined elevation angle direction, receives the center detection signal reflected by the tread of the wheel, and detects the center A center detection signal receiving unit for detecting that a signal is transmitted from the center detection signal transmitting unit toward the center of the diameter of the wheel; and the predetermined elevation angle direction with respect to the tread of the wheel from the outside of the wheel passing on the rail And when the center detection signal receiving unit detects that the center detection signal is transmitted from the center detection signal transmitting unit toward the radial center of the wheel, the wheel A tread outer laser beam transmitter that transmits a first laser beam to the tread, and a predetermined elevation angle direction from the inner side of the wheel to the tread of the wheel, and the center detection signal receiver When it is detected that a center detection signal is transmitted from the center detection signal transmission unit toward the center of the diameter of the wheel, the first laser beam is a predetermined value in a reference groove and a flange portion of the wheel. A tread surface inside laser beam transmitter that transmits a second laser beam at different timings having a time difference, and is installed with the predetermined elevation angle direction from the outside of the wheel to the tread surface of the wheel, and the center detection When it is detected by the signal receiving unit that the center detection signal is transmitted from the center detection signal transmitting unit toward the center of the diameter of the wheel, an outside image of the tread including the tread of the wheel is captured. The tread outside camera is installed with the predetermined elevation angle direction from the inside of the wheel to the tread of the wheel, and the center detection signal is received from the center detection signal transmission unit by the center detection signal receiving unit. When it is detected that the laser beam is transmitted toward the center, the inner side of the tread has a predetermined time difference from the first laser beam, and the inner side of the tread including the reference groove and the flange portion of the wheel is photographed at different timings. A tread outside image of the wheel photographed by the camera, the tread outer camera and transmitted through the corresponding band pass filter, and the tread inner image photographed by the tread inner camera and transmitted through the corresponding band pass filter; An image processing unit for generating a composite image of the wheel including at least a tread surface of the wheel, a flange portion, and a reference groove; The wheel tread outside image photographed by the tread outer camera and the tread inner image photographed by the tread inner camera are input and image-processed, and at least the wheel tread, the flange portion, and the reference groove are provided. An image processing unit that generates a composite image of the wheel, and a wheel shape measurement unit that measures a predetermined measurement item related to the shape of the wheel based on the composite image of the wheel generated by the image processing unit. It is.

It is explanatory drawing which shows the whole wheel shape measuring device of Embodiment 1. FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the predetermined measurement item regarding the shape of a wheel, and its criterion. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the criterion of the predetermined measurement item regarding the shape of the wheel shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows examples, such as arrangement | positioning of the camera of the wheel shape measuring apparatus of Embodiment 1 at the time of seeing a right wheel from upper direction, a sensor. It is explanatory drawing which shows examples, such as arrangement | positioning of the camera of the wheel shape measuring apparatus of Embodiment 1, and a sensor at the time of seeing a right wheel from the inner lower side. It is explanatory drawing which shows the relationship between two types of wheels (large diameter, small diameter) from which a diameter differs, and an elevation angle (eta). It is a flowchart which shows the operation example of the wheel shape measuring apparatus of Embodiment 1. (A)-(d) is a timing chart which shows the operation timing of each sensor and camera in the wheel shape measuring apparatus of Embodiment 1, respectively. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the reception level in the laser beam receiver of the wheel shape measuring apparatus of Embodiment 1. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the synthesized image of the tread outer image and tread inner image by the image processing unit. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the procedure of the measurement process based on the synthesized image by the road surface shape measurement part of Embodiment 1. FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the effect of Embodiment 1 which solves the conventional subject. It is explanatory drawing which shows the whole wheel shape measuring device of Embodiment 2. FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of arrangement | positioning etc. of the camera of the wheel shape measuring apparatus of Embodiment 2 at the time of seeing a right wheel from upper direction. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example, such as arrangement | positioning of the camera of the wheel shape measuring apparatus of Embodiment 2 at the time of seeing a right wheel from the inner lower side, a sensor. It is a flowchart which shows the operation example of the wheel shape measuring apparatus of Embodiment 2. (A)-(f) is a timing chart which shows the operation timing of each sensor and camera in the wheel shape measuring apparatus of Embodiment 2, respectively. It is a block diagram which shows the structural example of the wheel shape measuring apparatus of Embodiment 3.

<Embodiment 1>
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of a wheel shape measuring apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment.

  In FIG. 1, the wheel shape measuring apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment has an outer passage sensor 11a, 11b, an inner passage sensor 12a, 12b, and a tread outer laser light irradiation unit 13a for each of the right and left wheels 10a, 10b of a train. , 13b, laser beam receivers 14a, 14b, tread outer cameras 15a, 15b, tread inner laser light irradiation units 16a, 16b, tread inner cameras 17a, 17b, image processing unit 18, wheel shape measuring unit 19, external The I / F unit 20 and the like are included.

  The outer passage sensors 11a and 11b and the inner passage sensors 12a and 12b are provided on both sides of the left and right wheels 10a and 10b of the train, respectively, and detect passage of the wheels 10a and 10b.

  The tread surface outer side laser beam irradiation units 13a and 13b function as a laser beam transmitting unit and a tread surface outer side laser beam transmitting unit. As will be described later, the wheels 10a, 10b, A laser beam as a slit laser beam for measuring the shape by the optical cutting method in a predetermined elevation angle η direction toward the respective treads 110a, 110b (see FIG. 2) and the flange portions 120a, 120b (see FIG. 2). Send the light. Here, unlike the second embodiment to be described later, the tread outer laser irradiation units 13a and 13b according to the first embodiment use the laser beam to be irradiated as a laser beam for shape measurement by an optical cutting method. In addition, the center detection signal is transmitted to the treads 110a and 110b of the wheels 10a and 10b as a center detection signal for detecting the center of the diameter of the wheel in a predetermined elevation angle η direction. In addition, you may make it give the function as a laser beam transmission part which transmits the laser beam to irradiate as a center detection signal not to the tread outer laser 13a, 13b but to the tread inner laser 16a, 16b.

  The laser beam receivers 14a and 14b function as center detection signal receivers. The laser beam receivers 14a and 14b transmit from the tread outer laser beam irradiators 13a and 13b and are reflected by the treads 110a and 110b of the wheels 10a and 10b, respectively. The laser beam incident from the direction of the elevation angle η is received.

  The tread outer cameras 15a and 15b are electronic cameras such as CCD and C-MOS, respectively, and treads 110a and 110b and flanges of the wheels 10a and 10b from outside the train wheels 10a and 10b, respectively, in a predetermined elevation angle η direction. A tread outside image including 120a, 120b and the like is taken from outside the wheels 10a, 10b.

  The tread surface inner laser beam irradiation units 16a and 16b function as tread surface inner laser beam transmitters, respectively, from the inner sides of the left and right wheels 10a and 10b of the train toward the tread surfaces 110a and 110b, respectively, in a predetermined elevation angle η direction. The laser filament light is transmitted as slit laser light for shape measurement by the optical cutting method.

  The tread inner cameras 17a and 17b are electronic cameras such as a CCD and a C-MOS, and flanges 120a and 120b and reference grooves 130a and 130b on the inner sides of the train wheels 10a and 10b in a predetermined elevation angle η direction, respectively. The tread surface inside image including is taken from the inside of the wheels 10a, 10b.

  In particular, in the first embodiment, different wavelengths are used for the laser beam emitted from the tread outer laser irradiation units 13a and 13b and the laser beam emitted from the tread inner laser irradiation units 16a and 16b. . For example, the wavelength of the laser line light emitted from the tread surface outer side laser irradiation units 13a and 13b is 630 ± 20 nm in the red region, and the wavelength of the laser line light emitted from the tread surface inner laser irradiation units 16a and 16b is the green region. 580 ± 20 nm. Further, filters (F) corresponding to the respective wavelengths are also provided on the lens surface on the laser light receiving unit 14a and the cameras 15a, 15b, 17a, and 17b sides. In other words, the laser beam receivers 14a and 14b have red bandpass filters 22a and 22b that allow only the red region 630 ± 20 nm to pass, and the tread outer cameras 15a and 15b have the same red region 630 ± 20 nm. Red bandpass filters 23a and 23b that pass only the green bandpass filters 24a and 24b that pass only 580 ± 20 nm, which is the green region, are attached to the tread inner cameras 17a and 17b, respectively.

  The image processing unit 18 performs image processing and synthesis with the tread outer images taken by the tread outer cameras 15a and 15b and the tread outer images taken by the tread inner cameras 17a and 17b, and the treads 110a and 110b and the flanges 120a and 120b. Then, a composite image including the reference grooves 130a and 130b is generated (see FIG. 10 described later).

  The wheel shape measuring unit 19 measures predetermined measurement items to be described later regarding the shapes of the wheels 10a and 10b based on the composite image obtained by the image processing and the image processing by the image processing unit 18.

  The external I / F unit 20 performs predetermined measurement items, which will be described later, on the shapes of the wheels 10a and 10b measured by the wheel shape measuring unit 19, and external devices such as an external monitoring device, a display device, a printing device, and a database. Output to and communicate.

  FIG. 2 is a front view of the lower portion including the tread of the right wheel 10a of the train measured by the wheel shape measuring unit 19 when viewed from the front of the train (front of the train) (the left wheel 10b is also the right wheel). 10a, but the illustration is omitted.) FIG. 3 shows an example of measurement items measured by the wheel shape measurement unit 19 and its determination criteria.

  First, as shown in FIG. 2, in the right wheel 10a, the surface that contacts the rail is the tread surface 110a, and the portion that is higher than the tread surface 110a so as not to be detached from the rail is the flange portion 120a and the inner surfaces of the wheels 10a and 10b. The formed groove is referred to as a reference groove 130a.

  And as shown in FIG. 3, the measurement item by the wheel shape measurement part 19 of the wheel shape measuring apparatus 1 includes, for example, the wheel diameter (large wheel diameter) D of the wheel 1, the wheel diameter (small wheel diameter) D, and the like. The back gauge BG, the flange thickness F, the flange height H, the flange angle θ, the flange tip size (direct wear limit) S, etc., are determined in advance.

  For example, the determination criterion of the wheel diameter D when the wheel 1 is a large wheel diameter is 865 to 780 mm, the determination criterion of the wheel diameter D when the wheel 1 is a small wheel diameter is 765 to 680 mm, and the flange thickness F Is 22.5 to 28.5 mm, the flange height H is 25.0 to 35.0 mm, the flange angle θ is 27.0 degrees or more, the flange tip dimension (direct wear) Limit) The criterion of S is determined to be 7.0 mm or less.

  FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of the arrangement of cameras and sensors of the wheel shape measuring device 1 according to the first embodiment when the right wheel 10a is viewed from above.

  FIG. 4 is a front view when the right wheel 10a of the train is viewed from above. The left wheel 10b is similarly arranged.

  In FIG. 4, an arrow 31 indicates the traveling direction of the right wheel 10a of the train.

  On both sides of the right wheel 10a of the train, an outer passage sensor 11a and an inner passage sensor 12a are provided so as to face each other.

  On the traveling direction side of the outer passage sensor 11a and the inner passage sensor 12a, the tread outer camera 15a, the tread inner camera 17a, the tread outer laser light irradiation unit 13a having a wavelength of 630 ± 20 nm, the laser light receiving unit 14a, and the wavelength 580 are provided. ± 20 nm tread surface inner side laser light irradiation section 16a is provided at a position and a horizontal angle as shown in FIG. Bandpass filters 22a and 23a that transmit only a wavelength 630 ± 20 nm component are attached to the input ends of the laser beam receiver 14a and the tread outer camera 15a, and the wavelength 580 is attached to the input end of the tread inner camera 17a. A band pass filter 24a that transmits only ± 20 nm is attached.

  FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of the arrangement of cameras and sensors of the wheel shape measuring apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment when the right wheel 10a is viewed from the inside and below. The left wheel 10b is similarly arranged.

  Here, in FIG. 5, for convenience of explanation, the outer passage sensor 11a and the inner passage sensor 12a are omitted, but originally exist.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the tread outer side laser light irradiation unit 13a, the laser light receiving unit 14a, the tread outer camera 15a, the tread inner laser light irradiation unit 16a, and the tread inner camera 17a of the wheel shape measuring apparatus 1 of the first embodiment are All are attached in the direction of a predetermined elevation angle η toward the radial center 140a of the right wheel 10a.

  At that time, when the train travels on the rail and the laser line light having a wavelength of 630 ± 20 nm irradiated from the tread outer laser light irradiation unit 13a at a predetermined elevation angle η is directed toward the center of the diameter of the wheel 10a. Further, the laser beam reflected by the wheel tread 110a or the like passes through the band-pass filter 22a, and only the laser beam having a wavelength of 630 ± 20 nm is incident on the laser beam receiver 14a at a predetermined elevation angle η. Thus, the angle and position of the laser beam receiver 14a are set and installed.

  FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between two types of wheels (large diameter and small diameter) having different diameters and the elevation angle η.

In FIG. 6, when the position of the laser beam irradiation part or the camera is set as (x, z) and the diameter center coordinate of the wheel (small diameter) is set as (φ / (2 tan η), φ / 2),
x (= L = (φ / (2 tan η)) − φ cos η / 2)
z (= Ltan η = (φ / 2) −φsin η / 2)
It becomes.

  It can be seen that the smaller the elevation angle η, the farther apart the laser positions of the two types of wheels (large diameter, small diameter).

  Here, when the diameter of the wheel (large diameter) is 862 mm, the diameter of the wheel (small diameter) is 762 mm, and the elevation angle η is 30 degrees, each of the two types of wheels (large diameter, small diameter) is 43 in the x-axis direction. .3mm and 25mm will deviate. When the wheel (large diameter) has a diameter of 862 mm, the wheel (small diameter) has a diameter of 762 mm, and the elevation angle η is 60 degrees, each of the two types of wheels (large diameter, small diameter) is 3. 9mm and 6.7mm will shift.

  Thus, when the elevation angle η is 60 degrees, the subject depth is shallower and the blur is less than when the elevation angle η is 30 degrees. The smaller the blur, the higher the accuracy in image processing. However, as the elevation angle η is further increased, the rail becomes an obstacle and the wheel tread becomes difficult to see.

  Therefore, in the first embodiment, the elevation angle η is a value that takes these into account.

  Next, operation | movement of the wheel shape measuring apparatus 1 of Embodiment 1 is demonstrated with reference to a flowchart and a timing chart.

  FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating an operation example of the wheel shape measuring apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment.

  FIGS. 8A to 8D are timing charts showing the operation timing of each sensor and camera in the wheel shape measuring apparatus 1 of the first embodiment.

  First, as shown in FIG. 8A, when the outer passage sensors 11a and 11b enter between the wheels and the inner passage sensors 12a and 12b, the outer passage sensors 11a and 11b and the inner passage sensors 12a and 12b are turned on. When the wheels 10a and 10b pass between the outer passage sensors 11a and 11b and the inner passage sensors 12a and 12b, the outer passage sensors 11a and 11b and the inner passage sensors 12a and 12b are turned off (S10).

  In FIG. 8A, the on / off cycle of the outer passage sensors 11a and 11b and the inner passage sensors 12a and 12b is Tw.

  When the outer passage sensors 11a and 11b and the inner passage sensors 12a and 12b are turned on, a wheel detection signal is output to the tread outer laser light irradiation units 13a and 13b.

  When the outer passage sensors 11a and 11b and the inner passage sensors 12a and 12b are turned on, the tread surface outer laser light irradiation units 13a and 13b, as shown in FIG. 8B, have a laser filament having a wavelength of 630 ± 20 nm for a predetermined period. The light is irradiated at a predetermined elevation angle η on the treads 110a and 110b of the wheels 10a and 10b so that the surfaces created by the respective laser filaments are the same (S20).

  When the laser beam receivers 14a and 14b receive laser light having a wavelength of 630 ± 20 nm from the tread outer laser beam irradiators 13a and 13b reflected from the tread surfaces 110a and 110b of the wheels 10a and 10b (S30), the center detection signal is received. Functions as a receiving unit until the laser light reception level rises above a predetermined threshold level Rs as shown in FIG. 9 and then falls below the threshold level Rs as shown in FIG. 8C. It is determined whether or not the time is equal to or longer than a predetermined threshold time Tr, that is, whether or not the peak point is passed (S40).

  The laser beam receivers 14a and 14b receive the laser light having a wavelength of 630 ± 20 nm from the laser beam irradiation units 13a and 13b reflected from the tread surfaces 110a and 110b of the wheels 10a and 10b, at a predetermined threshold level Rs. If the time until the threshold level Rs rises above and then falls below the threshold level Rs is equal to or longer than the predetermined threshold time Tr (“YES” in S40), the laser light reception level passes the peak point and functions as a center detection signal. It is determined that the diameter centers 140a and 140b of the wheels 10a and 10b are on the irradiation direction line of the laser beam having a wavelength of 630 ± 20 nm, and the tread outer cameras 15a and 15b, the tread inner laser light irradiation units 16a and 16b, and An operation start signal is output to the tread inner cameras 17a and 17b (S50).

  That is, as shown in FIG. 5 and the like, both of the tread surface outer side laser beam irradiating units 13a and 13b as the center detection signal transmitting unit and the laser beam receiving units 14a and 14b as the center detection signal receiving unit are provided on the wheels 10a and 10b. Since the reflected light exceeding the level Rs is received by the laser beam receiving units 14a and 14b for a predetermined threshold time Tr or more, the laser beam on the tread outer side laser is disposed toward the radial centers 140a and 140b. The centers of the diameters of the wheels 10a and 10b are positioned on the extension line of the elevation angle η of the light irradiation units 13a and 13b, etc., and the reflected light is reflected at the same angle as the elevation angle η of the incident light, and the tread outer laser beam irradiation units 13a and 13b This means that the laser beam from the center is irradiated toward the center of diameter 140a, 140b of the wheels 10a, 10b.

  Then, not only the laser beam light from the tread surface outer side laser beam irradiation units 13a and 13b but also the green laser beam beam with a wavelength of 580 ± 20 nm from the tread surface inner laser beam irradiation units 16a and 16b, It is irradiated toward the radial centers 140a and 140b of the wheels 10a and 10b so as to be the same surface as the surface to be created, and is reflected by the treads 110a and 110b and the flange portions 120a and 120b of the wheels 10a and 10b.

  Then, the tread outer cameras 15a and 15b and the tread inner cameras 17a and 17b lower the shutter in response to the input of the operation start signal, and at the predetermined elevation angle η toward the radial centers 140a and 140b of the wheels 10a and 10b, the wheels 10a. , 10b, the flange portions 120a, 120b, etc. and the laser beam reflected on them are photographed for a predetermined exposure time Ts (S60).

  That is, the tread outer cameras 15a and 15b and the tread inner cameras 17a and 17b are exposed for a predetermined time Ts as shown in FIG. 8D based on the operation start signals from the laser beam receivers 14a and 14b. Each imaging region irradiated with the green laser beam with a wavelength of 580 ± 20 nm is imaged.

  Then, the tread outer cameras 15a and 15b and the tread inner cameras 17a and 17b output images that are continuously captured during a predetermined exposure (photographing) time Ts to the image processing unit 18.

  Note that the images captured by the tread outer cameras 15a and 15b are tread outer images including at least the treads 110a and 110b and the flanges 120a and 120b of the wheels 10a and 10b as shown in FIG. The images taken by the tread inner cameras 17a, 17b are tread inner images including at least the reference grooves 130a, 130b of the wheels 10a, 10b, the inner side surfaces of the flange portions 120a, 120b, and the like. However, this is only an example, and only the tread outer cameras 15a and 15b or only the tread inner cameras 17a and 17b may be used, and the imaging region captured by these cameras is arbitrary.

  Then, in the image processing unit 18, the tread outer images from the tread outer cameras 15a and 15b continuously photographed for a predetermined exposure (shooting) time Ts from the tread outer cameras 15a and 15b and the tread inner cameras 17a and 17b. When the tread inner images from the tread inner cameras 17a and 17b are input, as shown in FIG. 10, predetermined image processing is performed on the input tread outer image and tread inner image, for example, only the irradiated portion of the laser striated light. The image is trimmed, etc., and then combined to generate a composite image in which the flanges 120a, 120b, the reference grooves 130a, 130b, etc. are captured from at least the treads 110a, 110b of the wheels 10a, 10b (S70).

  That is, the image processing unit 18 inputs and synthesizes the tread outer image 15a1 (FIG. 10A) and the tread inner image 17a1 (FIG. 10B) taken by the tread outer camera 15a and the tread inner camera 17a. Then, a composite image 181 is generated (FIG. 10C). FIG. 10 shows the image composition for the right wheel 10a as an example, but the same applies to the left wheel 10b.

  Then, the road surface shape measuring unit 19 refers to the composite image synthesized by the image processing unit 18 and measures predetermined measurement items (see FIG. 3) related to the shapes of the wheels 10a and 10b as shown in FIG. (S80), and if necessary, a predetermined measurement item related to the shape of the wheels 10a and 10b measured by the wheel shape measuring unit 19 via the external I / F unit 20 is displayed on an external monitoring device or a display device. Output to an external device such as a printing device or a database.

  FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a procedure of measurement processing based on the composite image by the road surface shape measurement unit 19.

  FIG. 11 shows, for example, a composite image of the right wheel 10a, and the measurement is performed for each predetermined measurement item in the same manner for the composite image of the left wheel 10b. About each predetermined measurement item, it is the same as each predetermined measurement item shown in FIG.

  In FIG. 11, the vertex of the flange portion 120a of the right wheel 10a is P1, and the distance from the vertex P1 to the reference groove 130a is C. Further, an intersection point of the wheel profile (shape) line and the tread surface 110a that has moved outward by B (62 mm) from the inner surface on the reference groove 130a side is defined as P3. And let P2 be the intersection with the wheel profile (shape) line when a straight line is drawn from P3 toward the inside of the wheels 10a, 10b.

  Then, the height difference between P1 and P2 becomes the flange height H (see FIGS. 2 and 3).

  Further, a point 13 mm lower than P3 (tread surface) is set as P4, and the difference in the horizontal direction in the figure between P4 and P2 is the flange thickness F (see FIGS. 2 and 3).

  Further, the angle between the tangent line at P4 and the extension line between the inner surface on which the reference groove 130a is formed is obtained as the flange portion angle θ (see FIGS. 2 and 3).

  Here, a point where the curved surface of the flange portion 120a is separated from a tangent line passing through P4 is defined as P5. The difference between the apexes P1 and P5 of the flange portion 120a is the flange portion tip dimension (upright wear degree limit) S (see FIGS. 2 and 3).

  Further, the road surface shape measuring unit 19 adds the reference groove diameter, which is the distance from the diameter center 140a of the wheel 10a to the reference groove 130a, and (C-H), and the wheel diameter D (see FIGS. 2 and 3). Further, a back gauge (BG (see FIGS. 2 and 3)) or the like is obtained from the profile of the inner surface of the wheel 10a.

  As described above, in the wheel shape measuring apparatus 1 of the first embodiment, the tread outer cameras 15a and 15b and the tread inner cameras 17a and 17b are the outer passage sensors 11a and 11b and the inner passage sensors 12a and 12b are passed through the wheels 10a and 10b. When the outer passage sensors 11a and 11b and the inner passage sensors 12a and 12b detect the passage of the wheels 10a and 10b, the tread outer laser light irradiation units 13a and 13b are predetermined by the predetermined time. When the time-on operation is performed and red reflected light having a wavelength of 630 ± 20 nm exceeding the level Rs is incident on the laser beam receiving units 14a and 14b, that is, on the extended line of the elevation angle η that is the laser irradiation angle of the tread outer cameras 15a and 15b. When the center of the diameter of the wheels 10a and 10b is located and the reflected light is reflected at the same angle as the elevation angle η of the incident light Lower the Yatta, to shoot.

  Thereby, according to the wheel shape measuring apparatus 1 of the first embodiment, the tread outer cameras 15a and 15b and the tread inner cameras 17a and 17b photograph the treads 110a and 110b toward the radial centers of the wheels 10a and 10b. Thus, the cause of the shape measurement error in the light cutting method does not occur, and the predetermined measurement items related to the shapes of the wheels 10a and 10b can be accurately measured without contact with the wheels 10a and 10b.

  In addition, when the position of the device shifts due to aging, etc., as shown by the solid line and the broken line in FIGS. 12A and 12B, the two internal and external laser beams are slightly shifted without overlapping on the wheel. , Become a double line.

  In the first embodiment, laser line light in a red region having a wavelength of 630 ± 20 nm (shown by a broken line in the figure) and laser light in a green region having a wavelength of 580 ± 20 nm (shown by a solid line in the figure) are used. Yes. That is, as shown in FIG. 12 (A), the laser light with a wavelength of 580 ± 20 nm emitted from the tread inner laser irradiation unit 16a is reflected on the inner side of the wheel as a green laser beam, and is incident on the tread inner camera 17a. The Further, a part of the laser line light in the red region having a wavelength of 630 ± 20 nm (15a1 indicated by a broken line in the drawing) irradiated from the laser irradiation unit 13a on the tread surface is also incident. At this time, since the band-pass filter 24a that transmits the wavelength 580 ± 20 nm region is attached to the tread inner camera 17a, only the green laser beam (17a1 indicated by the solid line) is captured. Similarly, a laser beam having a wavelength of 630 ± 20 nm emitted from the tread surface outer side laser irradiation unit 13a is reflected as a red laser beam (15a1 indicated by a broken line) on the outer side of the wheel and is incident on the tread surface outer camera 15a. . In addition, a part of the laser line light in the green region having a wavelength of 580 ± 20 nm irradiated from the tread surface inner laser irradiation unit 16a (17a1 indicated by a solid line) is also incident. At this time, since the band pass filter 23a that transmits the wavelength 630 ± 20 nm region is attached to the tread outer camera 15a, only the red laser beam is captured.

  As described above, according to the first embodiment, the positional deviation of the apparatus occurs due to aging and the like, and the two laser line lights inside and outside are slightly shifted without overlapping on the wheel, and even if it becomes a double line, Since laser line light unnecessary for image processing is not taken in, processing for removing unnecessary laser light is not required, and accurate and quick image processing can be performed.

  In the first embodiment, the wavelength of the laser beam emitted from the tread outer laser irradiation units 13a and 13b is 630 ± 20 nm in the red region, and the laser beam emitted from the tread inner laser irradiation units 16a and 16b. However, the wavelength region is not limited to this, and the wavelength region is not limited as long as two laser filaments can be identified.

<Embodiment 2>
FIG. 13 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of the wheel shape measuring apparatus 2 according to the second embodiment. Note that the same components as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. Moreover, in Embodiment 2, FIG.2, FIG.3, FIG.6 and FIGS. 9-11 used in Embodiment 1 can also be used as it is.

  In the second embodiment, only the outer laser is turned on and received by the laser light receiving unit as a center detection signal, photographed by the outer camera, the outer laser is turned off within a predetermined minute time, the inner laser is turned on, and the inner camera is turned on. I try to shoot. Note that the position of the laser beam receiver 14a may be changed, and the inner laser may be used for center detection signal transmission.

The other laser is turned on and received by the other camera.

  As shown in FIG. 13, the wheel shape measuring apparatus 2 of the second embodiment has an outer passage sensor 11a, 11b, an inner passage sensor 12a, 12b, and a tread outer laser beam for each of the right and left wheels 10a, 10b of the train. Irradiation units 13a and 13b, laser beam receiving units 14a and 14b, tread outer cameras 15a and 15b, tread inner laser beam irradiation units 16a and 16b, tread inner cameras 17a and 17b, an image processing unit 18, and a wheel shape measuring unit 19, an external I / F unit 20 and the like. The difference from FIG. 1 is that there is a predetermined time difference between the light emission timing of the tread outer laser 13a and the light emission timing of the tread inner laser 16a after the center of the wheel is detected by the laser beam receiver 14a. is there. Similarly, there is a predetermined time difference between the light reception timing of the tread outer camera 15a and the light reception timing of the tread inner camera 17a. This is because, when light is emitted and received at the same timing as in the conventional case, when the images are combined due to the positional deviation of the laser and the camera, a double image portion is generated, and an accurate wheel shape is measured. Because you can't.

  FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of the arrangement of cameras and sensors of the wheel shape measuring device 2 according to the second embodiment when the right wheel 10a is viewed from above. FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of the arrangement of cameras and sensors of the wheel shape measuring device 2 according to the second embodiment when the right wheel 10a is viewed from the lower side inside. The left wheel 10b is similarly arranged. As can be seen by comparing FIG. 14 and FIG. 15 with FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, in the second embodiment, any of the input ends of the laser beam receiver 14a, the tread outer camera 15a, and the tread inner camera 17a No bandpass filter is provided.

  Next, operation | movement of the wheel shape measuring apparatus 2 of Embodiment 2 is demonstrated with reference to a flowchart and a timing chart.

  FIG. 16 is a flowchart illustrating an operation example of the wheel shape measuring apparatus 2 according to the second embodiment.

  FIGS. 17A to 17F are timing charts showing the operation timing of each sensor and camera in the wheel shape measuring apparatus 2 of the second embodiment.

  First, as shown in FIG. 17A, when the outer passage sensors 11a and 11b enter between the wheels and the inner passage sensors 12a and 12b, the outer passage sensors 11a and 11b and the inner passage sensors 12a and 12b are turned on. When the wheels 10a, 10b pass between the outer passage sensors 11a, 11b and the inner passage sensors 12a, 12b, the outer passage sensors 11a, 11b and the inner passage sensors 12a, 12b are turned off (S110).

  In FIG. 17A, the on / off cycle of the outer passage sensors 11a and 11b and the inner passage sensors 12a and 12b is Tw.

  When the outer passage sensors 11a and 11b and the inner passage sensors 12a and 12b are turned on, a wheel detection signal is output to the tread outer laser light irradiation units 13a and 13b.

  When the outer passage sensors 11a and 11b and the inner passage sensors 12a and 12b are turned on, the tread surface outer laser light irradiation units 13a and 13b, as shown in FIG. The treads 110a and 110b of the wheels 10a and 10b are irradiated at a predetermined elevation angle η so that the surfaces created by the laser beam are the same (S120).

  The laser beam receivers 14a and 14b function as a center detection signal receiver when receiving the laser beams from the tread outer laser beam irradiators 13a and 13b reflected from the treads 110a and 110b of the wheels 10a and 10b (S130). As shown in FIG. 9, the laser light reception level rises to a predetermined threshold level Rs or higher, and as shown in FIG. 17C, the time until the laser light reception level subsequently drops to a predetermined threshold level Rs or lower is set to a predetermined threshold level. It is determined whether or not the time Tr is exceeded, that is, whether or not the peak point is passed (S140).

  The laser beam receivers 14a and 14b reflect the laser beams from the tread surface outside laser beam irradiators 13a and 13b reflected from the tread surfaces 110a and 110b of the wheels 10a and 10b, and then rise to a predetermined threshold level Rs or higher. When the time until the level falls below the threshold level Rs is equal to or longer than the predetermined threshold time Tr (S140 “YES”), the laser beam reception level passes the peak point, and the laser beam irradiation direction that also functions as the center detection signal It is determined that the radial centers 140a and 140b of the wheels 10a and 10b are on the line, and the operation is started with respect to the tread outer cameras 15a and 15b, the tread inner laser light irradiation units 16a and 16b, and the tread inner cameras 17a and 17b. A signal is output (S150).

  Then, the tread outer cameras 15a and 15b lower the shutter in response to the input of the operation start signal, and the treads 110a and 110b of the wheels 10a and 10b at a predetermined elevation angle η toward the radial centers 140a and 140b of the wheels 10a and 10b. Then, the laser beam reflected in them is photographed for a predetermined exposure time Ts (S160).

  When photographing by the tread outer cameras 15a and 15b is completed, the tread outer laser light irradiation units 13a and 13b are turned off (S170), and then the laser beam from the tread inner laser light irradiation units 16a and 16b is applied to each laser. Irradiated toward the radial centers 140a and 140b of the wheels 10a and 10b so that the line light is flush with the surface to be created, and reflected by the treads 110a and 110b and the flange portions 120a and 120b of the wheels 10a and 10b. (S180).

  The tread inner cameras 17a, 17b then release the shutter in response to the input of the operation start signal, and the treads 110a, 110b of the wheels 10a, 10b at a predetermined elevation angle η toward the radial centers 140a, 140b of the wheels 10a, 10b. The flange portions 120a, 120b, etc. and the laser beam reflected on them are photographed for a predetermined exposure time Ts (S190, S200).

  That is, the tread outer cameras 15a and 15b and the tread inner cameras 17a and 17b have a predetermined time difference based on the operation start signals from the laser beam receivers 14a and 14b, as shown in FIGS. Then, exposure is performed for a predetermined time Ts, and each imaging region irradiated with the laser beam is imaged.

  Then, the tread outer cameras 15a and 15b and the tread inner cameras 17a and 17b output images that are continuously captured during a predetermined exposure (photographing) time Ts to the image processing unit 18. Since the processing (S210, S220) in the image processing unit is the same as that in the first embodiment, the description thereof is omitted.

  As described above, in the second embodiment, the inner laser (second laser beam) has a predetermined time difference from the outer laser (first laser beam), and the inner laser (second laser beam) is transmitted at different timings. Since the inner camera takes images at different timings having a predetermined time difference, even when the images are combined, the images are not doubled, and an accurate wheel shape can be measured.

<Embodiment 3>
Next, the wheel shape measuring apparatus 3 of Embodiment 3 is demonstrated.

  FIG. 18 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of the wheel shape measuring device 3 according to the third embodiment. In FIG. 17, the configuration of the sensor and camera on the left wheel 10b side is the same as that on the right wheel 10a side, and a description thereof will be omitted.

  In the wheel shape measuring apparatuses 1 and 2 of the first and second embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 13, the tread outer side laser light irradiation units 13 a and 13 b are provided with a function as a center detection signal transmission unit. As shown in FIG. 18, the center detection signal transmitters 41a and 41b may be provided independently, and the center detection signal receivers 42a and 42b may be provided instead of the laser beam receivers 14a and 14b. Accordingly, the tread surface outer side laser light irradiation units 43a and 43b of the third embodiment do not have a function of transmitting a center detection signal, and transmit laser beam light only as laser light for shape measurement by the light cutting method. FIG. 18 corresponds to an example in which the tread outer laser and the tread outer laser described in the second embodiment emit light with a predetermined time difference. In order to correspond to the first embodiment in which the wavelengths of the tread outer laser and the tread inner laser are different, as shown in FIG. 1, a band pass filter is provided at the input end of each camera, and the laser emission timing control is performed. The only difference is that the light reception timing control of the camera is not necessary, and the illustration is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 18, the wheel shape measuring device 3 of the third embodiment has an outer passage sensor 11a, 11b, an inner passage sensor 12a, 12b, and a tread outer laser beam for each of the right and left wheels 10a, 10b of the train. Irradiation units 43a and 43b, tread outer cameras 15a and 15b, tread inner laser light irradiation units 16a and 16b, tread inner cameras 17a and 17b, center detection signal transmission units 41a and 41b, and center detection signal reception units 42a and 42b. , An image processing unit 18, a wheel shape measuring unit 19, an external I / F unit 20, and the like.

  The center detection signal transmitters 41a and 41b may transmit a laser beam as a center detection signal, similarly to the tread outer laser beam irradiators 13a and 13b of the second embodiment, or center the diameter of the wheels 10a and 10b. As long as it can be detected, a millimeter wave or the like may be transmitted as the center detection signal.

  When the center detection signal transmitters 41a and 41b transmit laser beams as center detection signals, the center detection signal receivers 42a and 42b receive the laser beams reflected by the wheels 10a and 10b and receive the center detection signals. When the transmitters 41a and 41b transmit a millimeter wave or the like as the center detection signal, the millimeter wave or the like reflected by the wheels 10a and 10b is received and the camera or the like is operated according to the reception level. In addition, since the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the component same as the component of the wheel shape measuring apparatus 1 of Embodiment 1 shown in FIG. 1, description is abbreviate | omitted.

  Next, operation | movement of the wheel shape measuring apparatus 3 of Embodiment 3 is demonstrated.

  First, in the wheel shape measuring device 3 of the third embodiment, when the outer passage sensors 11a and 11b and the inner passage sensors 12a and 12b are turned on, the center detection signal transmission units 41a and 41b of the third embodiment are the treads of the second embodiment. As with the outer laser light irradiation units 13a and 13b, the center detection signal such as laser beam light or millimeter wave is applied to the tread surface 110a of the wheels 10a and 10b so that the surfaces generated by the laser beam light are the same surface. , 110b is irradiated at a predetermined elevation angle η.

  The center detection signal receivers 42a and 42b of the third embodiment receive center detection signals such as laser linear light or millimeter waves from the center detection signal transmitters 41a and 41b reflected from the treads 110a and 110b of the wheels 10a and 10b. In the same manner as in the laser beam receivers 14a and 14b of the second embodiment, the laser beam light or millimeter wave reception level rises above a predetermined threshold level Rs and then falls below the threshold level Rs. It is determined whether or not the time is equal to or longer than a predetermined threshold time Tr, that is, the radial centers 140a and 140b of the wheels 10a and 10b are on the irradiation direction line of the center detection signal such as laser beam light or millimeter wave. , Tread outer laser light irradiation units 43a and 43b, tread outer cameras 15a and 15b, tread inner laser light irradiation units 16a and 16b, and Tread inner camera 17a, and outputs an operation start signal to 17b.

  Then, the tread surface outer side laser light irradiation units 43a and 43b are directed from the outer sides of the left and right wheels 10a and 10b of the train toward the tread surfaces 110a and 110b of the wheels 10a and 10b and the flange portions 120a and 120b, respectively. In the direction, the laser beam is transmitted as a slit laser beam for shape measurement by a light cutting method.

  The tread outer cameras 15a and 15b, the tread inner laser light irradiation units 16a and 16b, the tread inner cameras 17a and 17b, the image processing unit 18, the wheel shape measuring unit 19, the external I / F unit 20, and the like are described in the first embodiment. 2 operates in the same manner as that of the two wheel shape measuring devices 1.

  Therefore, the wheel shape measuring apparatus 3 according to the third embodiment can achieve the same effects as the wheel shape measuring apparatuses 1 and 2 according to the first and second embodiments.

  As described above, in the description of each of the first to third embodiments, the wheel shape measuring devices 1 to 3 are configured by hardware using a block diagram, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the wheel shape of the above-described embodiment. Of course, the function of the measuring device may be executed in software by a CPU and a program.

  As mentioned above, although some embodiment of this invention was described, these embodiment is shown as an example and is not intending limiting the range of invention. These novel embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. These embodiments and modifications thereof are included in the scope and gist of the invention, and are included in the invention described in the claims and the equivalents thereof.

1-4 Wheel shape measuring devices 10a, 10b ... Wheels 21a, 21b ... Rails 11a, 11b ... Outer passage sensors 12a, 12b ... Inner passage sensors 13a, 13b ... Tread surface outer side laser light irradiation unit (center detection signal transmission unit)
14a, 14b ... Laser beam receiver (center detection signal receiver)
15a, 15b ... tread outer camera (shooting unit)
16a, 16b ... Tread surface inside laser light irradiation unit 17a, 17b ... Tread surface inside camera (photographing unit)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 18 ... Image processing part 19 ... Road surface shape measurement part 21 ... External I / F part 22a, 22b, 23a, 23b, 24a, 24b ... Band pass filter 31a, 31b ... Inner side surface laser beam irradiation part 32a, 32b ... Inner side camera (Shooting part)
41a, 41b ... center detection signal transmitting unit 42a, 42b ... center detection signal receiving unit 43a, 43b ... tread outer laser beam irradiation unit

Claims (4)

A tread outer side laser light transmitting unit that is installed in a predetermined elevation angle direction with respect to the tread of the wheel from the outside of the wheel that passes on the rail, and that transmits a first laser filament light to the tread of the wheel;
A second laser beam having a wavelength different from that of the first laser beam is installed on the reference groove and the flange portion of the wheel, with the predetermined angle of elevation being directed from the inside of the wheel to the tread surface of the wheel. A tread surface inside laser beam transmitter for transmitting the light;
The first laser beam or the second laser beam reflected by the wheel tread is installed at a position where the first laser beam is incident in the predetermined elevation direction, and the first laser beam reflected by the wheel tread is reflected. The laser line light or the second laser line light is received, and the first laser line light or the second laser line light is transmitted from the tread surface outside laser light transmitting unit or the tread surface inside laser light transmitting unit to the wheel. A laser beam receiver that detects that the beam is transmitted toward the center of the diameter of
The first laser line light or the second laser line light is installed from the outside of the wheel toward the predetermined elevation angle with respect to the tread surface of the wheel. A tread outer camera that captures a tread outer image including the tread of the wheel when it is detected that the transmitter is transmitted from the transmitter or tread inner laser light transmitter toward the radial center of the wheel;
The first laser line light or the second laser line light is installed from the inside of the wheel toward the predetermined elevation angle with respect to the tread surface of the wheel. A tread inner camera that captures a tread inner image including a reference groove and a flange of the wheel when it is detected that the transmitter is transmitted from the transmitter or tread inner laser light transmitter toward the radial center of the wheel;
A band-pass filter that is provided at each input end of the laser light receiving unit, the tread outer camera, and the tread inner camera, each transmitting only a wavelength component to be input;
The wheel tread outside image captured by the tread outer camera and transmitted through the corresponding band pass filter, and the tread inner image captured by the tread inner camera and transmitted through the corresponding band pass filter are input. An image processing unit that performs image processing and generates a composite image of the wheel including at least a tread surface of the wheel, a flange portion, and a reference groove;
A wheel shape measuring unit that measures a predetermined measurement item related to the shape of the wheel based on a composite image of the wheel generated by the image processing unit;
A wheel shape measuring apparatus comprising: A tread outer side laser light transmitting unit that is installed in a predetermined elevation angle direction with respect to the tread of the wheel from the outside of the wheel that passes on the rail, and that transmits a first laser filament light to the tread of the wheel;
Different timings installed from the inside of the wheel toward the predetermined elevation angle with respect to the tread surface of the wheel, and having a predetermined time difference from the first laser beam in the reference groove and the flange portion of the wheel And a tread surface inner side laser beam transmitter for transmitting the second laser beam light,
The first laser beam or the second laser beam reflected by the wheel tread is installed at a position where the first laser beam is incident in the predetermined elevation direction, and the first laser beam reflected by the wheel tread is reflected. The laser line light or the second laser line light is received, and the first laser line light or the second laser line light is transmitted from the tread surface outside laser light transmitting unit or the tread surface inside laser light transmitting unit to the wheel. A laser beam receiver that detects that the beam is transmitted toward the center of the diameter of
The first laser line light or the second laser line light is installed from the outside of the wheel toward the predetermined elevation angle with respect to the tread surface of the wheel. A tread outer camera that captures a tread outer image including the tread of the wheel when it is detected that the transmitter is transmitted from the transmitter or tread inner laser light transmitter toward the radial center of the wheel;
The first laser line light or the second laser line light is installed from the inside of the wheel toward the predetermined elevation angle with respect to the tread surface of the wheel. When it is detected that the signal is transmitted from the transmitter or the tread surface inner laser light transmitter toward the radial center of the wheel, the wheel reference groove and the flange portion have a predetermined time difference from the tread outer camera at different timings. A tread inner camera that captures a tread inner image including
The wheel tread outside image photographed by the tread outer camera and the tread inner image photographed by the tread inner camera are input and image-processed, and at least the wheel tread, the flange portion, and the reference groove are provided. Including an image processing unit for generating a composite image of the wheel,
A wheel shape measuring unit that measures a predetermined measurement item related to the shape of the wheel based on a composite image of the wheel generated by the image processing unit;
A wheel shape measuring apparatus comprising: A center detection signal transmitter configured to transmit a center detection signal in the predetermined elevation angle direction with respect to a tread surface of a wheel that is installed in a predetermined elevation angle direction and passes on a rail;
The center detection signal reflected by the tread of the wheel is installed at a position where the center detection signal is incident in the predetermined elevation angle direction, the center detection signal reflected by the tread of the wheel is received, and the center detection signal is detected by the center detection signal. A center detection signal receiving unit for detecting that the signal is transmitted from the signal transmitting unit toward the center of the diameter of the wheel;
The center detection signal is received by the center detection signal receiving unit from the center detection signal transmitting unit to the center of the diameter of the wheel. When it is detected that the laser beam is transmitted toward the wheel, a tread outer laser beam transmitter that transmits a first laser beam to the tread of the wheel;
The center detection signal receiving unit transmits the center detection signal from the center detection signal transmission unit toward the center of the diameter of the wheel. If it is detected, the tread surface inside laser beam transmitter that transmits a second laser beam having a wavelength different from that of the first laser beam to the reference groove and the flange of the wheel,
The center detection signal receiving unit transmits the center detection signal from the center detection signal transmitting unit toward the center of the diameter of the wheel. The center detection signal receiving unit transmits the center detection signal from the outside of the wheel to the tread surface of the wheel. A tread outer camera that captures a tread outer image including the tread of the wheel,
The center detection signal receiving unit transmits the center detection signal from the center detection signal transmission unit toward the center of the diameter of the wheel. A tread inner camera that captures a tread inner image including a reference groove and a flange portion of the wheel,
A band pass filter that is provided at each input end of the tread outer camera and the tread inner camera, each transmitting only a wavelength component to be input; and
The wheel tread outside image captured by the tread outer camera and transmitted through the corresponding band pass filter, and the tread inner image captured by the tread inner camera and transmitted through the corresponding band pass filter are input. An image processing unit that performs image processing and generates a composite image of the wheel including at least a tread surface of the wheel, a flange portion, and a reference groove;
A wheel shape measuring unit that measures a predetermined measurement item related to the shape of the wheel based on a composite image of the wheel generated by the image processing unit;
A wheel shape measuring apparatus comprising: A center detection signal transmitter configured to transmit a center detection signal in the predetermined elevation angle direction with respect to a tread surface of a wheel that is installed in a predetermined elevation angle direction and passes on a rail;
The center detection signal reflected by the tread of the wheel is installed at a position where the center detection signal is incident in the predetermined elevation angle direction, the center detection signal reflected by the tread of the wheel is received, and the center detection signal is detected by the center detection signal. A center detection signal receiving unit for detecting that the signal is transmitted from the signal transmitting unit toward the center of the diameter of the wheel;
The center detection signal is received by the center detection signal receiving unit from the center detection signal transmitting unit to the center of the diameter of the wheel. When it is detected that the laser beam is transmitted toward the wheel, a tread outer laser beam transmitter that transmits a first laser beam to the tread of the wheel;
The center detection signal receiving unit transmits the center detection signal from the center detection signal transmission unit toward the center of the diameter of the wheel. If it is detected that the second laser beam is transmitted to the reference groove and the flange of the wheel, the laser beam is transmitted at a different timing from the first laser beam with a predetermined time difference. An optical transmitter;
The center detection signal receiving unit transmits the center detection signal from the center detection signal transmitting unit toward the center of the diameter of the wheel. The center detection signal receiving unit transmits the center detection signal from the outside of the wheel to the tread surface of the wheel. A tread outer camera that captures a tread outer image including the tread of the wheel,
The center detection signal receiving unit transmits the center detection signal from the center detection signal transmission unit toward the center of the diameter of the wheel. A tread inner camera that captures a tread inner image including a reference groove and a flange portion of the wheel at different timings, having a predetermined time difference from the first laser beam.
The wheel tread outside image captured by the tread outer camera and transmitted through the corresponding band pass filter, and the tread inner image captured by the tread inner camera and transmitted through the corresponding band pass filter are input. An image processing unit that performs image processing and generates a composite image of the wheel including at least a tread surface of the wheel, a flange portion, and a reference groove;
The wheel tread outside image photographed by the tread outer camera and the tread inner image photographed by the tread inner camera are input and image-processed, and at least the wheel tread, the flange portion, and the reference groove are provided. Including an image processing unit for generating a composite image of the wheel,
A wheel shape measuring unit that measures a predetermined measurement item related to the shape of the wheel based on a composite image of the wheel generated by the image processing unit;
A wheel shape measuring apparatus comprising:

Images