JP2013132963A - Driving device of four-wheel drive vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a miniaturizable driving device of a four-wheel drive vehicle capable of switching whether driving force of an auxiliary driving source is transmitted to both of a pair of right and left auxiliary driving wheels or is transmitted only to one of them.SOLUTION: This driving device 2 includes an electric motor 3, a control device 4 and a driving force transmission mechanism 5. The driving force transmission mechanism 5 has a cylindrical input rotation member 530 for rotating by receiving driving force of the electric motor 3, a first intermediate rotation member 541 and a second intermediate rotation member 542 stored in the input rotation member 530, a connecting mechanism 53 capable of switching a first connecting state of connecting the input rotation member 530 and the first intermediate rotation member 541 and a second connecting state of connecting the input rotation member 530 and the second intermediate rotation member 542, and a second differential gear mechanism 52 for distributing the driving force transmitted via the first intermediate rotation member 541 to a pair of output rotation members 5L and 5R. The second intermediate rotation member 542 is relatively nonrotatably connected to the output rotation member 5L.

Description

  The present invention relates to a drive device for a four-wheel drive vehicle, and more particularly to a drive device that drives auxiliary drive wheels of a four-wheel drive vehicle in accordance with a vehicle running state.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a four-wheel drive vehicle configured to drive a front wheel as a main drive wheel by a driving force of an engine and to drive a rear wheel as a sub drive wheel by a driving force of a motor is known (for example, a patent Reference 1).

  As shown in FIGS. 5 to 9, the four-wheel drive vehicle described in Patent Document 1 switches the release or engagement of the clutch mechanism (33) and the brake mechanism (251), thereby driving the motor. Is distributed equally between the left and right rear wheels to provide the vehicle propulsive force, or the motor driving force is applied to the left and right rear wheels in opposite directions to make a yaw moment when turning (when the vehicle is viewed from above). (Rotational motion moment) can be switched.

JP 2005-351471 A

  However, in the four-wheel drive vehicle described in Patent Document 1, the reduction gear is disposed outside the differential device in the radial direction and the motor is disposed further outward. There was room for improvement in mountability to vehicles. In addition, since the clutch mechanism and the brake mechanism must be provided independently at two locations separated in the vehicle width direction, there is a restriction on downsizing of the apparatus in this respect.

  Therefore, the present invention can drive a four-wheel drive vehicle that can switch between transmitting the driving force of the auxiliary driving source to both the left and right auxiliary driving wheels or transmitting only one of them, and reducing the size. An object is to provide an apparatus.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a drive device for a four-wheel drive vehicle of [1] to [7].

[1] Mounted on a four-wheel drive vehicle including a pair of left and right main drive wheels to which the driving force of the main drive source is transmitted and a pair of left and right auxiliary drive wheels to which the drive force of the auxiliary drive source is transmitted. An electric motor as a driving source, a control device that controls the electric motor, and a driving force transmission mechanism that transmits the driving force of the electric motor to the pair of left and right auxiliary drives, the driving force transmission mechanism driving the electric motor A cylindrical input rotating member that rotates in response to a force; a first intermediate rotating member and a second intermediate rotating member that are housed in the input rotating member and are coaxially rotatable with the input rotating member; and the input rotating member And a first connection state in which the first intermediate rotation member is connected in a relatively non-rotatable manner and a second connection state in which the input rotation member and the second intermediate rotation member are non-rotatably connected. A coupling mechanism and the pair of left and right A differential gear mechanism that distributes driving force transmitted through the first intermediate rotating member to a pair of output rotating members respectively connected to auxiliary driving wheels while allowing a differential between the pair of output rotating members. And the second intermediate rotating member is connected to any one of the pair of output rotating members so as not to be relatively rotatable.

[2] The coupling mechanism includes an annular coupling member accommodated in the input rotating member so as not to be relatively rotatable and axially movable, and a moving mechanism for moving the annular coupling member in the axial direction. The first rotation member is connected to the first rotation member so as not to rotate relative to one side in the axial direction, and the second rotation member is connected to the second rotation member so as not to rotate relative to the other side in the axial direction. 1] The four-wheel drive vehicle drive device according to 1].

[3] The coupling mechanism is not coupled in which the first coupling state, the second coupling state, and the input rotation member are not coupled to any of the first intermediate rotation member and the second intermediate rotation member. The drive device for a four-wheel drive vehicle according to [1] or [2], wherein the state can be switched.

[4] The electric motor has an insertion hole through which the rotor passes through the other output rotating member to which the second intermediate rotating member is not connected, of the pair of output rotating members, and the input rotating member The drive device for a four-wheel drive vehicle according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the drive device is disposed coaxially with the rotation axis of the vehicle.

[5] When the control device switches the connection state of the connection mechanism to the first connection state, the rotation of the annular connection member and the rotation of the first intermediate rotation member are controlled by controlling the rotation speed of the electric motor. And when the connection state of the connection mechanism is switched to the second connection state, the rotation of the annular connection member and the rotation of the second intermediate rotation member are synchronized by controlling the rotation speed of the electric motor. The drive device for a four-wheel drive vehicle according to any one of [2] to [4].

[6] The driving force transmission mechanism further includes a speed reducer that decelerates the rotation of the rotor of the electric motor and transmits it to the input rotating member, and the speed reducer is coupled to the rotor so as not to be relatively rotatable. A sun gear, an internal gear fixed to the vehicle body, a plurality of planetary gears disposed between the sun gear and the internal gear, and a cage for rotatably holding the planetary gear. Have
The drive device for a four-wheel drive vehicle according to [4] or [5], wherein the retainer is coupled to the input rotation member so as not to be relatively rotatable.

[7] The driving force transmission mechanism further includes a speed reducer that decelerates the rotation of the rotor of the electric motor and transmits the reduced speed to the input rotation member, and the speed reducer is coupled to the rotor so as not to be relatively rotatable. A sun gear, an internal gear fixed to the vehicle body, and a plurality of planetary gears disposed between the sun gear and the internal gear, wherein the planetary gear includes the sun gear and A large-diameter gear portion that meshes with the internal gear, and a small-diameter gear portion that has a smaller diameter than the large-diameter gear portion, and the small-diameter gear portion is an internal gear that is formed on the input rotation member. The drive device for a four-wheel drive vehicle according to [4] or [5], which is meshed.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to switch between transmitting the driving force of the auxiliary driving source to both the pair of left and right auxiliary driving wheels or transmitting to only one of them, and driving a four-wheel drive vehicle that can be reduced in size. An apparatus can be provided.

It is the schematic which shows the structural example of the four-wheel drive vehicle which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is the schematic which shows the structural example of an electric motor and a driving force transmission mechanism. It is explanatory drawing which shows the operation example of a connection mechanism, (a) shows a 1st connection state, (b) shows a non-connection state, (c) shows a 2nd connection state, respectively. It is the schematic which shows the structural example of the electric motor and driving force transmission mechanism which concern on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

[First Embodiment]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of a four-wheel drive vehicle according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, this four-wheel drive vehicle 10 includes a vehicle body 100, an engine 101 as a main drive source mounted on the vehicle body 100, a torque converter 102 connected to the output shaft of the engine 101, and a torque converter. A transmission 103 for shifting the driving force of the engine 101 transmitted by the motor 102, a speed reduction mechanism 104 provided on the output side of the transmission 103, and a pair of left and right driving powers shifted by the transmission 103 and the speed reduction mechanism as main drive wheels. And the first differential gear mechanism 11 distributed to the front wheels 105 (the left front wheel 105L and the right front wheel 105R).

  The first differential gear mechanism 11 is a differential device that transmits a driving force to the left front wheel 105L and the right front wheel 105R while allowing the differential between the left front wheel 105L and the right front wheel 105R, and to the differential case 110 and the differential case 110. A fixed pinion shaft 111, a pair of pinion gears 112 pivotally supported on the pinion shaft 111, a pair of side gears 113 meshed with the pair of pinion gears 112 with the gear shaft orthogonal thereto, and a ring gear fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the differential case 110 114. The driving force of the engine 101 shifted by the transmission 103 is transmitted to the ring gear 114 by the speed reduction mechanism 104.

  A drive shaft 11L connected to the left front wheel 105L and a drive shaft 11R connected to the right front wheel 105R are connected to the pair of side gears 113, respectively. As a result, the driving force of the engine 101 is transmitted to the left front wheel 105L and the right front wheel 105R.

  The four-wheel drive vehicle 10 is equipped with an alternator 12 and a battery 13. The alternator 12 is a generator that operates by a belt 120 wound between the input shaft 12 a and the output shaft 101 a of the engine 101, and generates power using power transmitted through the belt 120. The electric power generated by the alternator 12 is stored in the battery 13 via the wiring 121.

  Further, the four-wheel drive vehicle 10 is equipped with a drive device 2 for auxiliary drive wheels that drives a pair of left and right rear wheels 106 (left rear wheel 106L and right rear wheel 106R) as auxiliary drive wheels.

(Configuration of the driving device 2)
The driving device 2 includes an electric motor 3 as an auxiliary driving source, a control device 4 that controls the electric motor 3, and a driving force transmission mechanism 5 that transmits the driving force of the electric motor 3 to the left rear wheel 106L and the right rear wheel 106R. ing.

  The electric motor 3 is composed of, for example, an SR (switched reluctance) motor. However, the electric motor 3 is not limited to this and may be any one that can convert electrical energy into mechanical energy as rotational force. Moreover, in this Embodiment, the electric motor 3 is comprised by the hollow shape which penetrates the output rotation member 5R mentioned later.

  The control device 4 includes a control circuit 40 and an inverter 41 that switches electric power supplied from the battery 13 via the wiring 411 based on an output signal from the control circuit 40 and supplies a motor current to the electric motor 3. Yes. The control circuit 40 includes, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a storage element, and the like, and is configured such that the CPU executes processing based on a program stored in advance in the storage element. The control circuit 40 controls the rotational speed and driving force (output torque) of the electric motor 3 by controlling the on / off timing of a plurality of semiconductor switching elements provided in the inverter 41.

  The driving force transmission mechanism 5 has a pair of output rotating members 5L and 5R, and the output rotating member 5L is connected to the left rear wheel 106L via a drive shaft 6L, and the output rotating member 5R is connected to the drive shaft 6R. And connected to the right rear wheel 106R. Constant velocity joints 61 and 62 are provided at both ends of the drive shafts 6L and 6R. The constant velocity joint 61 on the driving force transmission mechanism 5 side is, for example, a sliding tripod type constant velocity joint, and the constant velocity joint 62 on the rear wheel 106 side is, for example, a ball type constant velocity joint.

  The driving force transmission mechanism 5 can switch whether the driving force of the electric motor 3 is transmitted to both of the pair of output rotating members 5L and 5R or only one of them. The configuration of the driving force transmission mechanism 5 will be described later.

(Configuration of electric motor 3 and driving force transmission mechanism 5)
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration example of the electric motor 3 and the driving force transmission mechanism 5. As shown in FIG. 2, the electric motor 3 and the driving force transmission mechanism 5 are accommodated in a cylindrical casing member 50 fixed to the vehicle body 100 (shown in FIG. 1).

  The electric motor 3 includes an annular stator 30 fixed to the inner surface of the casing member 50 and a rotor 31 that rotates coaxially with the stator 30. The rotor 31 is disposed coaxially with the rotation shaft of the input rotation member 530 of the coupling mechanism 53 described later, and has an insertion hole 31a through which the output rotation member 5R is inserted. The stator 30 generates a magnetic field by the motor current supplied from the inverter 41, and generates torque in the rotor 31 by this magnetic field.

  The driving force transmission mechanism 5 includes a planetary gear mechanism 51 as a speed reducer, a second differential gear mechanism 52 that distributes the driving force to the pair of output rotating members 5L and 5R, and a driving force transmission path of the electric motor 3. The coupling mechanism 53 for switching, the first intermediate rotating member 541 disposed between the coupling mechanism 53 and the second differential gear mechanism 52, and the coupling mechanism 53 and the output rotating member 5L. A second intermediate rotating member 542.

  The planetary gear mechanism 51 is connected to the rotor 31 in a relatively non-rotatable manner, and has a sun gear 511 having gear teeth formed on the outer peripheral surface and an inner tooth fixed to the casing member 50 and having gear teeth formed on the inner peripheral surface. A plurality of planetary gears 513 that are arranged between the gear 512, the sun gear 511, and the internal gear 512, and gear teeth that mesh with the gear teeth of the sun gear 511 and the internal gear 512 are formed on the outer peripheral surface; And a cage 514 that rotatably holds the planetary gear 513. The sun gear 511 has a ring shape, and the output rotation member 5R is inserted through the center thereof. The planetary gear mechanism 51 decelerates the rotation of the rotor 31 of the electric motor 3 and transmits it to the input rotation member 530 of the coupling mechanism 53 described next.

  The coupling mechanism 53 is a cylindrical input rotating member 530 that rotates by receiving the driving force of the electric motor 3 decelerated by the planetary gear mechanism 51, and an annular member that is accommodated in the input rotating member 530 so as not to be relatively rotatable and axially movable. The coupling member 531 includes a support member 532 that supports the annular coupling member 531, and a moving mechanism 55 that moves the annular coupling member 531 in the axial direction via the support member 532. The input rotation member 530 is connected to the cage 514 of the planetary gear mechanism 51 so as not to be relatively rotatable.

  The connection mechanism 53 includes a first connection state in which the input rotation member 530 and the first intermediate rotation member 541 are connected so as not to be relatively rotatable by the axial movement of the annular connection member 531, and the input rotation member 530 and the second intermediate rotation. It is possible to switch between a second connection state in which the member 542 is connected so as not to rotate relative to the member 542 and a non-connection state in which the input rotation member 530 is not connected to either the first intermediate rotation member 541 or the second intermediate rotation member 542.

  In the present embodiment, the moving mechanism 55 is configured by an electromagnetic solenoid having a main body portion 550 containing an electromagnet and a shaft 510 that moves forward and backward with respect to the main body portion 550. The main body 550 can position the shaft 510 at three positions by the current supplied from the control circuit 40, for example. That is, in this embodiment, the moving mechanism 55 is configured by a three-position electromagnetic solenoid. The moving mechanism 55 may be constituted by a linear motor, or may be constituted by a linear actuator that converts the rotation of the rotating shaft of the electric motor into a linear reciprocating motion.

  An annular member 56 for inserting the output rotation member 5 </ b> L is fixed to the tip of the shaft 510, and an outer ring 573 of a ball bearing 57 is fixed to the annular member 56. The outer ring 573 can be fixed to the annular member 56 by, for example, press-fitting. An inner ring 571 disposed between the outer ring 573 and a plurality of spherical rolling elements 572 is fixed to the support member 532. The annular member 56, the ball bearing 57, and the support member 532 are guided by a guide (not shown), and move along the axial direction of the input rotation member 530 as the shaft 510 moves forward and backward.

  The second differential gear mechanism 52 is a differential device that transmits a driving force to the output rotating members 5L and 5R while allowing a differential between the output rotating member 5L and the output rotating member 5R. The second differential gear mechanism 52 includes a differential case 520, a pinion shaft 521 fixed to the differential case 520, a pair of pinion gears 522 supported by the pinion shaft 521, and a pair of pinion gears 522 having gear axes orthogonal to each other. A pair of meshing side gears 523. An output rotating member 5L is connected to one side gear 523, and an output rotating member 5R is connected to the other side gear 523 so as not to be relatively rotatable.

  The first intermediate rotation member 541 is connected to the differential case 520 of the second differential gear mechanism 52 so as not to be relatively rotatable. In the present embodiment, the first intermediate rotating member 541 is formed as a ring-shaped rotating member fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the differential case 520. Accordingly, the second differential gear mechanism 52 causes the driving force transmitted through the first intermediate rotating member 541 to be transferred to the pair of output rotating members 5L and 5R, and the difference between the output rotating member 5L and the output rotating member 5R. Allow movement and allocate.

  The second intermediate rotating member 542 is connected to the output rotating member 5L so as not to be relatively rotatable. When the driving force of the electric motor 3 is transmitted to the second intermediate rotating member 542, the driving force is transmitted as a driving force in the reverse direction to the output rotating member 5R via the second differential gear mechanism 52. That is, when one side gear 523 of the second differential gear mechanism 52 rotates in one direction, the rotation is transmitted to the other side gear 523 by the pair of pinion gears 522, and the other side gear 523 rotates in the opposite direction. The driving force transmitted to the second intermediate rotating member 542 is transmitted to the output rotating member 5L and the output rotating member 5R as rotational torques in opposite directions.

  The first intermediate rotation member 541 and the second intermediate rotation member 542 are accommodated in the input rotation member 530 and can rotate coaxially with the input rotation member 530. The first intermediate rotating member 541 and the second intermediate rotating member 542 have the same outer diameter, and are arranged in parallel along the rotation axis of the input rotating member 530.

  In addition, the drive device 2 is provided with a rotation speed sensor 401 that detects the rotation speed of the rotor 31 and rotation speed sensors 402 and 403 that detect the rotation speed of the output rotation members 5L and 5R.

  FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing an operation example of the connection mechanism 53, where (a) shows the first connection state, (b) shows the non-connection state, and (c) shows the second connection state. .

  As shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of spline teeth 530 a extending in parallel with the axial direction are formed on the inner peripheral surface of the input rotation member 530. A plurality of spline teeth 541 a parallel to the spline teeth 530 a are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the first intermediate rotating member 541. In addition, a plurality of spline teeth 542 a formed with the same specifications as the plurality of spline teeth 541 a of the first intermediate rotation member 541 are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the second intermediate rotation member 542.

  The annular connecting member 531 has a plurality of spline teeth 531a and 531b extending in parallel to the axial direction on the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface thereof. A plurality of spline teeth 531 a formed on the outer peripheral surface of the annular connecting member 531 are spline-engaged with the spline teeth 530 a of the input rotation member 530. Thereby, the annular coupling member 531 is not rotatable relative to the input rotation member 530 and is movable in the axial direction.

  A plurality of spline teeth 531b formed on the inner peripheral surface of the annular connecting member 531 can be spline-engaged with the spline teeth 541a of the first intermediate rotating member 541 and the spline teeth 542a of the second intermediate rotating member 542. .

  The annular connecting member 531 is fixed to the support member 532 by a bolt 533 and moves forward and backward in the axial direction together with the support member 532 by the operation of the moving mechanism 55. As shown in FIG. 3A, the annular connecting member 531 is spline-engaged with the spline teeth 541a of the first intermediate rotating member 541 by moving to one side of the axial direction (the motor 3 side). The first intermediate rotating member 541 is connected to the first intermediate rotating member 541 so as not to be relatively rotatable. Further, as shown in FIG. 3C, the annular connecting member 531 is moved to the other side (moving mechanism 55 side) in the axial direction so that the spline teeth 531 b are splined to the spline teeth 542 a of the second intermediate rotating member 542. The second intermediate rotation member 542 is engaged with the second intermediate rotation member 542 so as not to be relatively rotatable. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 3B, when the annular connecting member 531 is between the first intermediate rotating member 541 and the second intermediate rotating member 542, the first intermediate rotating member 541 and the second intermediate rotating member are arranged. It becomes a non-connected state which is not connected to any of 542.

(Operation of the driving device 2)
The operation of the drive device 2 is performed as follows, for example.

  When the four-wheel drive vehicle 10 starts or accelerates, the rear wheels 106 are driven by the driving force of the electric motor 3 in order to quickly start or accelerate by assisting the driving force of the engine 101. In this case, the control circuit 40 of the control device 4 controls the moving mechanism 55 to place the connecting mechanism 53 in the first connecting state.

  When the electric motor 3 generates a driving force in the first connection state, the rotation of the rotor 31 is decelerated by the planetary gear mechanism 51 and transmitted to the input rotation member 530, and the annular connection member 531 and the first intermediate rotation member 541 are further transmitted. To the second differential gear mechanism 52. The second differential gear mechanism 52 equally distributes the transmitted driving force to the left rear wheel 106L and the right rear wheel 106R.

  Further, when the four-wheel drive vehicle 10 is turning, the driving force of the electric motor 3 is transmitted to the output rotating member 5L in order to generate a yaw moment to make the turning smooth. In this case, the control circuit 40 of the control device 4 controls the moving mechanism 55 to place the connecting mechanism 53 in the second connecting state.

  When the electric motor 3 generates a driving force in the second connection state, the rotation of the rotor 31 is decelerated by the planetary gear mechanism 51 and transmitted to the input rotation member 530, and further, the annular connection member 531 and the second intermediate rotation member 542 are connected. To the output rotating member 5L. Part of the driving force transmitted to the output rotating member 5L is transmitted to the output rotating member 5R in the reverse direction by the second differential gear mechanism 52.

  The control device 4 controls the electric motor 3 so as to accelerate the left rear wheel 106L that is outside the turn during a right turn and decelerate the right rear wheel 106R that is inside the turn. In the present embodiment, since the second intermediate rotation member 542 is connected to the output rotation member 5L so as not to be relatively rotatable, the control device 4 is in the same direction as during forward acceleration when the four-wheel drive vehicle 10 turns right. The electric motor 3 is controlled so as to generate torque. Further, when turning left, the electric motor 3 is controlled so as to generate torque in the opposite direction to that when turning right so that the left rear wheel 106L is decelerated and the right rear wheel 106R is accelerated.

  Further, for example, during the steady running in which the four-wheel drive vehicle 10 travels straight at a constant vehicle speed, the moving mechanism 55 is controlled so that the connecting mechanism 53 is in a non-connected state. In this state, since the connection between the first intermediate rotation member 541 and the second intermediate rotation member 542 and the input rotation member 530 is released, the electric motor 3 can be stopped.

  The annular coupling member 531 is spline-engaged with the first intermediate rotation member 541 or the second intermediate rotation member 542, so that the input rotation member 530 and the first intermediate rotation member 541, or the input rotation member 530 and the second intermediate rotation member. 542 is connected, the rotation of the annular connecting member 531 and the first intermediate rotating member 541 or the second intermediate rotating member 542 is performed when shifting from the non-connected state to the first connected state or the second connected state. Need to synchronize.

  Therefore, when the control device 4 switches the connection state of the connection mechanism 53 to the first connection state, the control device 4 controls the rotation speed of the electric motor 3 to control the rotation of the annular connection member 531 and the first intermediate rotation member 541. Synchronize rotation. When the connection state of the connection mechanism 53 is switched to the second connection state, the rotation of the annular connection member 531 and the rotation of the second intermediate rotation member 542 are synchronized by controlling the rotation speed of the electric motor 3.

  More specifically, the control device 4 calculates the rotation speed of the input rotation member 530 based on the rotation speed of the rotor 31 detected by the rotation speed sensor 401 when switching to the first connected state, Based on the rotation speeds of the output rotation members 5L and 5R detected by the speed sensor 402 and the rotation speed sensor 403, the rotation speed of the first intermediate rotation member 541 is calculated. Then, the motor 3 is controlled so that the rotation speed of the input rotation member 530 coincides with the rotation speed of the first intermediate rotation member 541. When both rotation speeds substantially coincide with each other, the moving mechanism 55 is operated to The connected state is set to the first connected state.

  Further, when the control device 4 switches to the second connected state, the control device 4 calculates the rotation speed of the input rotation member 530 based on the rotation speed of the rotor 31 detected by the rotation speed sensor 401, and this rotation speed is calculated based on the rotation speed sensor. When the electric motor 3 is controlled so as to coincide with the rotation speed of the output rotation member 5L detected by 403, and both rotation speeds substantially coincide with each other, the moving mechanism 55 is operated to change the connection state of the connection mechanism 53 to the second connection state. To.

  The rotational speed of the input rotating member 530 can be obtained by dividing the rotational speed of the rotor 31 by the reduction ratio of the planetary gear mechanism 51. The rotation speed of the first intermediate rotation member 541 can be obtained as an average value of the rotation speeds of the output rotation members 5L and 5R.

(Effect of embodiment)
According to the driving device 2 according to the embodiment described above, the following effects can be obtained.

(1) The first intermediate rotating member 541 and the second intermediate rotating member 542 are accommodated in the input rotating member 530, and either the first intermediate rotating member 541 or the second intermediate rotating member 542 is connected to the input rotating member 530. Thus, the first connection state and the second connection state can be switched. Thereby, the structure of the connection mechanism 53 can be simplified and the driving force transmission mechanism 5 can be reduced in size.

(2) The input rotating member 530 and the first intermediate rotating member 541 or the second intermediate rotating member 542 are connected by the annular connecting member 531, and the connecting state of the connecting mechanism 53 is switched by the axial movement of the annular connecting member 531. For example, compared with the case where the input rotation member 530 and the first intermediate rotation member 541 or the second intermediate rotation member 542 are connected by an electromagnetic clutch, the configuration of the connection mechanism 53 is further simplified, and the driving force transmission mechanism 5 is reduced in size. Can be realized.

(3) Since the connection mechanism 53 can be in an unconnected state in which the electric motor 3 can be stopped during traveling, in addition to the first connected state and the second connected state, the rotor 31 is, for example, Compared to the case where the first intermediate rotation member 541 or the second intermediate rotation member 542 is always rotated, the frictional resistance can be reduced and the fuel consumption of the four-wheel drive vehicle 10 can be improved.

(4) The electric motor 3 has the insertion hole 31a through which the output rotating member 5R is inserted, and the rotor 31 is arranged coaxially with the input rotating member 530, so that the electric motor 3 and the driving force transmission mechanism 5 are accommodated. The outer diameter of the casing member 50 can be reduced.

(5) Since the control device 4 switches the connection state of the connection mechanism 53 after synchronizing the rotation of the input rotation member 530 with the first intermediate rotation member 541 or the second intermediate rotation member 542, the connection state is switched. It can be performed smoothly in a short time.

(6) Since the planetary gear mechanism 51 is accommodated in the casing member 50 and disposed coaxially with the electric motor 3 and the input rotation member 530, the driving force transmission mechanism 5 can be reduced in size.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, a driving apparatus 2A according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 4, members having substantially the same functions as the components described in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description thereof is omitted.

  The driving device 2A according to the present embodiment is different from the planetary gear mechanism 51 according to the first embodiment in the configuration of the planetary gear mechanism 51A. The plurality of planetary gears 515 of the planetary gear mechanism 51A rotate integrally with the large-diameter gear portion 515a having gear teeth meshing with the gear teeth of the sun gear 511 and the internal gear 512, and the large-diameter gear portion 515a. And a small-diameter gear portion 515b having a smaller diameter than the large-diameter gear portion 515a. The plurality of planetary gears 515 are rotatably held by the cage 516.

  Further, the input rotation member 530A according to the present embodiment is provided with an internal gear 530b at one end. The input rotation member 530A is configured in the same manner as the input rotation member 530 according to the first embodiment except that an internal gear 530b is provided. The internal gear 530b of the input rotating member 530A meshes with (engages with) the small-diameter gear portion 515b of the planetary gear 515.

  According to this planetary gear mechanism 51A, a larger reduction ratio than that of the planetary gear mechanism 51 in the first embodiment can be obtained in accordance with the diameter difference between the large diameter gear portion 515a and the small diameter gear portion 515b. Thereby, even if the output torque of the electric motor 3 is the same, a large torque can be applied to the input rotating member 530A.

[Other embodiments]
As mentioned above, although the drive device of this invention was demonstrated based on 1st and 2nd embodiment, this invention is not limited to these embodiment, A various aspect in the range which does not deviate from the summary. Can be implemented.

  For example, in the first and second embodiments, the case where the second intermediate rotating member 542 is coupled to the output rotating member 5L has been described. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the second intermediate rotating member 542 is configured to be the output rotating member 5R. It may be connected to.

  In the first embodiment, the planetary gear mechanism 51 may not be provided, and the rotor 31 may be coupled to the input rotation member 530 so as to be integrally rotatable.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 2,2A ... Drive device, 3 ... Electric motor, 4 ... Control device, 5 ... Driving force transmission mechanism, 5L, 5R ... Output rotating member, 6L, 6R ... Drive shaft, 10 ... Four-wheel drive vehicle, 11 ... First Differential gear mechanism, 11L, 11R ... drive shaft, 12 ... alternator, 12a ... input shaft, 13 ... battery, 30 ... stator, 31 ... rotor, 31a ... insertion hole, 40 ... control circuit, 41 ... inverter, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 50 ... Casing member, 51, 51A ... Planetary gear mechanism, 52 ... 2nd differential gear mechanism, 53 ... Connection mechanism, 55 ... Moving mechanism, 56 ... Ring member, 57 ... Ball bearing, 61, 62 ... Constant velocity joint , 100 ... Vehicle body, 101 ... Engine, 101a ... Output shaft, 102 ... Torque converter, 103 ... Transmission, 104 ... Reduction mechanism, 105 ... Front wheel, 105L ... Left front wheel, 105R ... Right Wheel 106 106 Rear wheel 106 L Left rear wheel 106 R Right rear wheel 110 Differential gear 111 Pinion shaft 112 Pinion gear 113 Side gear 114 Ring gear 120 Belt 120 121 Wiring 401 402, 403 ... rotational speed sensor, 411 ... wiring, 510 ... shaft, 511 ... sun gear, 512 ... internal gear, 513 ... planetary gear, 514 ... cage, 515 ... planetary gear, 515a ... large diameter gear part, 515b ... Small-diameter gear part, 516 ... Cage, 520 ... Differential case, 521 ... Pinion shaft, 522 ... Pinion gear, 523 ... Side gear, 530,530A ... Input rotating member, 530a ... Spline teeth, 530b ... Internal gear, 531 ... Ring connection Members, 531a, 531b ... spline teeth, 532 ... support members, 533 ... bolts, 41 ... first intermediate rotating member, 542 ... second intermediate rotating member, 541a, 542a ... spline teeth, 550 ... main body, 571 ... inner ring, 572 ... rolling element, 573 ... outer race

Claims (7)

Mounted on a four-wheel drive vehicle having a pair of left and right main drive wheels to which the driving force of the main drive source is transmitted and a pair of left and right auxiliary drive wheels to which the drive force of the auxiliary drive source is transmitted,
An electric motor as the auxiliary drive source;
A control device for controlling the electric motor;
A driving force transmission mechanism that transmits the driving force of the electric motor to the pair of left and right auxiliary drives;
The driving force transmission mechanism is
A cylindrical input rotating member that rotates in response to the driving force of the electric motor;
A first intermediate rotating member and a second intermediate rotating member which are housed in the input rotating member and are rotatable coaxially with the input rotating member;
A first connection state in which the input rotation member and the first intermediate rotation member are connected in a relatively non-rotatable manner, and a second connection state in which the input rotation member and the second intermediate rotation member are connected in a relatively non-rotatable state. A switchable connection mechanism,
The driving force transmitted through the first intermediate rotating member is distributed to a pair of output rotating members respectively connected to the pair of left and right auxiliary driving wheels while allowing a differential between the pair of output rotating members. A differential gear mechanism,
The drive device for a four-wheel drive vehicle, wherein the second intermediate rotation member is connected to any one of the pair of output rotation members so as not to be relatively rotatable. The coupling mechanism includes an annular coupling member accommodated in the input rotation member so as not to be relatively rotatable and axially movable, and a moving mechanism for axially moving the annular coupling member,
The annular connecting member is connected to the first rotating member so as not to rotate relative to one side in the axial direction, and is connected to the second rotating member so as not to rotate relative to the other side in the axial direction. To be
The drive device of the four-wheel drive vehicle of Claim 1. The connection mechanism includes the first connection state, the second connection state, and a non-connection state in which the input rotation member is not connected to any of the first intermediate rotation member and the second intermediate rotation member. Switchable,
The drive device of the four-wheel drive vehicle of Claim 1 or 2. The electric motor has an insertion hole through which the rotor of the pair of output rotation members to which the second intermediate rotation member is not connected is inserted, and the rotation shaft of the input rotation member Are arranged on the same axis,
The drive device of the four-wheel drive vehicle of any one of Claims 1 thru | or 3. The control device synchronizes the rotation of the annular connecting member and the rotation of the first intermediate rotating member by controlling the rotation speed of the electric motor when switching the connecting state of the connecting mechanism to the first connecting state. When the connection state of the connection mechanism is switched to the second connection state, the rotation of the annular connection member and the rotation of the second intermediate rotation member are synchronized by controlling the rotation speed of the electric motor.
The drive device of the four-wheel drive vehicle of any one of Claim 2 thru | or 4. The driving force transmission mechanism further includes a speed reducer that decelerates the rotation of the rotor of the electric motor and transmits it to the input rotation member,
The speed reducer includes a sun gear coupled to the rotor in a relatively non-rotatable manner, an internal gear fixed to the vehicle body, and a plurality of planets disposed between the sun gear and the internal gear. A gear, and a holder for rotatably holding the planetary gear,
The cage is connected to the input rotation member in a relatively non-rotatable manner;
The drive device of the four-wheel drive vehicle of Claim 4 or 5. The driving force transmission mechanism further includes a speed reducer that decelerates the rotation of the rotor of the electric motor and transmits it to the input rotation member,
The speed reducer includes a sun gear coupled to the rotor in a relatively non-rotatable manner, an internal gear fixed to the vehicle body, and a plurality of planets disposed between the sun gear and the internal gear. With gears,
The planetary gear includes a large-diameter gear portion that meshes with the sun gear and the internal gear, and a small-diameter gear portion that has a smaller diameter than the large-diameter gear portion,
The small-diameter gear portion meshes with an internal gear formed on the input rotation member,
The drive device of the four-wheel drive vehicle of Claim 4 or 5.

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