JP2012524868A - 車両システム内の後処理装置の着火または再生挙動を改善する方法 - Google Patents
車両システム内の後処理装置の着火または再生挙動を改善する方法 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
- F02B37/12—Control of the pumps
- F02B37/18—Control of the pumps by bypassing exhaust from the inlet to the outlet of turbine or to the atmosphere
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
- F01N5/04—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using kinetic energy
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
- F01N13/10—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2340/00—Dimensional characteristics of the exhaust system, e.g. length, diameter or volume of the apparatus; Spatial arrangements of exhaust apparatuses
- F01N2340/06—Dimensional characteristics of the exhaust system, e.g. length, diameter or volume of the apparatus; Spatial arrangements of exhaust apparatuses characterised by the arrangement of the exhaust apparatus relative to the turbine of a turbocharger
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/031—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters having means for by-passing filters, e.g. when clogged or during cold engine start
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
- F02B37/013—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust with exhaust-driven pumps arranged in series
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/02—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines
- F02M26/04—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines with a single turbocharger
- F02M26/05—High pressure loops, i.e. wherein recirculated exhaust gas is taken out from the exhaust system upstream of the turbine and reintroduced into the intake system downstream of the compressor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
- F02M26/22—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with coolers in the recirculation passage
- F02M26/23—Layout, e.g. schematics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Supercharger (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
Abstract
Description
熱慣性=κ。ρ。C
上式で、κ=材料のバルク熱伝導率(Wm−1 。K−1)
および、ρ=材料の密度(kg m−3)
および、C=比熱容量(J。kg−1 。K−1)
単位はtiuである。
− 未燃焼炭化水素−HCと、
− 二酸化炭素および一酸化炭素−CO2およびCOと、
− N2およびNOxという項目のもとに分類される窒素および窒素酸化物と、
− 未反応酸素−O2と、が含まれる。
1.潤滑剤からの可溶性有機成分(SOF)
2.(すすとして公知の)ドライカーボン
3.燃料からのSOF
4.SO3およびH2O
●軌跡「M」は、タービンホイールの上流側の排気ガス温度である。
●軌跡「S」は、通常の構成におけるDPFのすぐ前の温度である。
●軌跡「I」は、低熱慣性バイパスダクト使用したDPFのすぐ前の排気ガス温度である。
●線「R」は、すすが燃焼するためのしきい値温度である。
●「D」で示す持続時間は、設定再生サイクル全体の持続時間(100%)である。
●「B」で示す持続時間は、DPFの前の温度が、すすが燃焼するためのしきい値温度である600℃を超える典型的な(および試験の)標準DPF構成の持続時間である。
●「N」で示す持続時間は、図3の本発明の単純な事例を実施した場合に、DPF母材の前の温度が600℃を超える持続時間である。(後処理構成は標準車両構成とされ、低熱慣性の断熱されたバイパスパイプは、排気マニホルドからDPF母材の前のDPF拡散コーンまで再生用排気ガスを送る)。
●期間「I」は、再生に利用できる時間の改善分である。「I」は、標準構成「B」と新たな構成「N」との間の差である。期間「I」は、本発明による非常に有効な時間改善分である。
上記に定義した長さの鋳鉄製低熱慣性断熱ターボチャージャバイパスダクトの重量の、タービンホイールの直径に対する比率は(.005〜0.020)(より正確には0.006〜0.017)であり、
薄肉SS製低熱慣性断熱ターボチャージャバイパスダクトの、タービンホイールの直径に対する比率は、0.0001〜0.00025(より正確には0.0001〜0.00021)である。
Claims (12)
- 吸気マニホルド(22)および排気マニホルド(7)を有する内燃機関(100)と、
タービンハウジングを含む少なくとも1つのターボチャージャであって、前記タービンハウジングは導入口および排出口を有し、前記導入口は、前記排気マニホルド(7)の排気ガス流の下流側と連通し、下流側に配置される、少なくとも1つのターボチャージャと、
前記ターボチャージャの下流側の前記排気ガス流に配置され、導入口および排出口を有する少なくとも1つの後処理装置(12、13)と、
前記ターボチャージャの上流側の排気ガス流を、前記ターボチャージャの下流側かつ前記後処理装置の上流側の排気ガス流と接続するバイパスパイプ(18)と、
前記タービンハウジングのまわりの排気ガスの少なくとも一部の流れを選択的に制御するバイパス弁(9、19)と、
を含む車両用エンジンシステムであって、
前記バイパスパイプの内面の面積が、前記タービンハウジングの内面の面積の1%〜25%であり、
前記バイパスパイプの長さが200cm以下であり、
前記バイパスパイプの金属重量が、前記タービンハウジングの重量の0.1%〜3%である、車両用エンジンシステム。 - 前記後処理装置は、導入口および排出口を有するハウジングを含み、前記バイパスパイプ(19)は、排気ガス流を前記後処理装置のハウジング導入口から5cm以内で排気ガス流に導入する、請求項1に記載の車両用エンジンシステム。
- 前記後処理装置は、導入口および排出口を有するハウジングを含み、前記バイパスパイプ(19)は、排気ガス流を前記後処理装置のハウジング導入口の下流側で前記後処理装置に導入する、請求項1に記載の車両用エンジンシステム。
- 前記バイパスパイプの内面の面積は、前記タービンハウジングの内面の面積の5%〜50%であり、前記バイパスパイプの長さは100cm以下であり、前記バイパスパイプの金属重量は、前記タービンハウジングの重量の0.1%〜1.5%である、請求項1に記載の車両用エンジンシステム。
- 前記バイパスパイプの内面の面積は、前記タービンハウジングの内面の面積の5%〜25%であり、前記バイパスパイプの長さは50cm以下であり、前記バイパスパイプの金属重量は、前記タービンハウジングの重量の0.1%〜0.5%である、請求項1に記載の車両用エンジンシステム。
- 前記バイパスパイプは断熱される、請求項1に記載の車両用エンジンシステム。
- 前記後処理装置は、ディーゼル排気微粒子フィルタ(DPF)(12)、ディーゼル酸化触媒、微粒子フィルタ再生装置(これはDPFとは別個であるか?)、フロントガラスデフロスタのうちの少なくとも1つである、請求項1に記載の車両用エンジンシステム。
- 前記バイパスパイプ(18)は、排気ガスを前記DPF(12)および触媒コンバータ(53)の一方または両方に送るように構成される、請求項7に記載の車両用エンジンシステム。
- 前記バイパスパイプは、Ti、Nb、B、Hf、およびZrの1つまたは複数を含む鉄系の超合金材料、またはステンレス鋼である、請求項1に記載の車両用エンジンシステム。
- 前記バイパスパイプは、SUH660、Inconel713C、およびIncoloy800Hから選択された超合金材料からなる可撓性波形ダクトである、請求項9に記載の車両。
- 前記後処理装置は、ディーゼル排気微粒子フィルタ(DPF)(12)であり、前記システムは排気ガス再循環(EGR)システムをさらに含み、前記バイパス弁(10)は、再生期間中に前記バイパスダクト(19)を通って前記DPF(12)に至る排気ガス流を制御するだけでなく、EGR用の排気ガス流れも制御するように構成される、請求項1に記載の車両用エンジンシステム。
- 直列に配置された第1および第2のターボチャージャを含み、前記バイパスパイプは前記ターボチャージャの両方を迂回する、請求項1に記載の車両用エンジンシステム。
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PCT/US2010/031536 WO2010123787A2 (en) | 2009-04-21 | 2010-04-19 | A method for improving the light-off or regeneration behavior of an aftertreatment device in a vehicle system |
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KR (1) | KR20120022929A (ja) |
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CN102439269A (zh) | 2012-05-02 |
US20120036847A1 (en) | 2012-02-16 |
US8490387B2 (en) | 2013-07-23 |
KR20120022929A (ko) | 2012-03-12 |
DE112010001696T5 (de) | 2012-08-30 |
WO2010123787A2 (en) | 2010-10-28 |
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