JP2012201191A - Installation method, removal method and structure of floating body type offshore wind power generation facility - Google Patents

Abstract

A floating offshore wind power generator excellent in workability and equipment cost is provided.
A power generation device, a floating body that supports the power generation device, a sinker that anchors the floating body, and one end connected to the floating body and the other end connected to the sinker are tension and tension. In the structure of the floating offshore wind power generator 1 that is installed and is a mooring line that stabilizes the position and posture of the floating body, the sinker 4 has an open upper part so as to accommodate all the columns of the floating body inside. The bottomed cylinder and the floating body are connected to each other by the mooring line, and the bottom of the seam is separated from the floating body by uniformly injecting water into the entire cylindrical body of the sinker. 7, the sinker 4 has a structure of the floating offshore wind power generator 1 that is used as both a floating tow carrier and a floating weight.
[Selection] Figure 1-A

Description

  The present invention relates to an installation method and a removal method of a floating offshore wind power generator installed in a sea area offshore, and a structure thereof.

  Conventionally, offshore waters have better wind conditions than land and shallow waters, making them suitable for wind power generation. For such a wind power generator installed on the ocean, a floating structure type is more advantageous than a grounded type that has a proven record in terms of economy and the like. The floating wind power generation facility maintains sufficient stability against large horizontal forces and tipping moments that act as the blades rotate during power generation, and minimizes the amount of rocking of the floating body so that power generation efficiency does not decrease. I try to suppress it. As such a floating wind power generation facility, there is a tension leg type, which is composed of a central column and an outer column supporting a windmill, a tendon mooring it, and a large sinker (weight) device. (Refer to Patent Document 1) is known.

  The tension leg type floating wind power generation facility is a method of mooring in a state where a large initial tension is applied to the floating body and the sinker in the vertical direction in advance, so that the amount of fluctuation of the floating body can be reduced compared to the loose mooring method, and There are advantages such as a relatively small occupation area. In offshore construction, after installing a large sinker, a tension device such as a winch is used to fix the tendon with initial tension applied. Since sinkers that support tendons generally have a large and heavy structure, they are often divided to disperse weight (see Patent Document 2), and the structure shown in FIG. 9 is known. ing.

JP 2010-18129 A JP 2010-64649 A JP 2010-115978 A

  In the structure of a conventional floating offshore wind turbine generator, for example, in a divided sinker, as shown in FIG. 9, the relative distance between the sinkers 4 and 4 is highly accurate so that the installation angle of the tendon 5 is vertical. The sinker 4 must be installed while being held in place. However, it is difficult to install the large sinker 4 with high accuracy using an existing work ship such as a hoist ship on the ocean where the wave conditions are poor.

  In addition, in the method of sinking sinkers, additional equipment must be prepared for work such as connecting the floating body and sinker after installation of the sinker, and tension after connection, which requires a long construction period and is economical. Lack. Furthermore, it is difficult to fix the floating body while maintaining the positional relationship between the floating body and the sinker.

  In addition, a method of directly installing a sinker from above a floating body is known as described in Patent Document 3, but if the weight of the sinker is large, there is a possibility that a counter for holding the installed sinker weight may be insufficient. is there. In addition, a large facility is required for the auxiliary equipment, and there are problems such as inferior economy and low safety during work. In addition, floating offshore wind power generators installed in the open ocean may be unable to supply power due to damage to blades and nacelles due to lightning strikes, salt damage, etc., and need to be replaced or repaired quickly. The use of machines, cranes and the like is restricted, and there is a problem that the work at heights becomes dangerous due to the shaking of the ship and is substantially difficult. The installation method and removal method and structure of the floating offshore wind power generator according to the present invention have been proposed in order to solve such problems.

  The gist for solving the above problems of the structure of the floating offshore wind power generator according to the present invention to achieve the object is a power generator, a float supporting the power generator, a sinker mooring the float, In the structure of a floating offshore wind power generator comprising a mooring line that has one end connected to a floating body and the other end connected to the sinker and is tensioned and tensioned to stabilize the position and posture of the floating body, the sinker Is formed in a bottomed cylindrical body whose upper part is fully open so that the entire column of the floating body is accommodated therein, and the bottomed cylindrical body and the floating body are connected by the mooring line, and the sinker By uniformly injecting water into the entire cylindrical body, it is separated from the floating body and lands on the sea floor, and the sinker is used as both a floating tow carrier and a floating body weight.

  In addition, the sinker includes one or more secondary water injection ballast tanks for improving the stability of the sinker at the bottom, and the ballast tank further includes a central portion of the sinker. The sinker and the mooring line are arranged on the inner side of the position of the connecting portion, and the bottom surface of the sinker has a plurality of legs projecting toward the seabed. It includes that.

  The gist of the present invention for solving the above problems of the floating offshore wind power generator installation method according to the present invention is to provide a ballast tank at the bottom and open at the top so that the entire floating body can be accommodated inside. Forming a bottomed cylindrical sinker, floating the sinker on the sea, placing a floating body on the bottom of the sinker, connecting the sinker and the floating body with a mooring line, towing the sinker and The ballast after the sinker has settled on the seabed. The secondary water injection into the tank, and the mooring line is tensioned to install the floating offshore wind power generator.

  Further, the sinker is formed in a bottomed cylindrical body as a whole by forming a closed inner space at the peripheral part of the sinker, and before installing the floating body in the internal space of the bottomed cylindrical body, Concrete is placed in the internal space, and further, the ballast tank is disposed closer to the center of the sinker than the position of the connecting portion between the sinker and the mooring line.

  The gist of the removal method of the floating offshore wind power generator according to the present invention is to form a bottomed cylindrical sinker having an open top and a ballast tank at the bottom so that the entire floating body is housed inside, After the sinker floats on the sea, the floating body is placed on the bottom of the sinker, the sinker and the floating body are connected by a mooring line, the sinker is towed to a predetermined installation position, and the sinker is attached to the seabed. After the floating offshore wind power generator is installed in the bottom, the water of the ballast tank of the sinker is primarily drained by injecting air from the sea into the ballast tank, and then the sinker is lifted by the mooring line The drained water is secondarily drained from the inner space of the bottomed cylindrical body of the sinker, the lower part of the floating body is placed on the bottom of the bottomed cylindrical body of the sinker, and the sinker is towed by a ship to It is to remove the floating offshore wind turbine generator from the installation position of the.

According to the installation method and structure of the floating offshore wind power generator of the present invention, since the sinker is used as both the floating tow carrier and the floating weight, a floating tow carrier is not required. This is convenient and reduces costs. Further, since it is only necessary to inject water into the inside of the bottomed cylindrical body, the sinker can be sunk by a simple tension device, and the weight can be easily transported and installed, thereby improving the workability. Further, since the ballast tank for secondary water injection is also provided near the center of the sinker, the stability of the sinker is improved. In addition, since the bottom surface of the sinker is provided with a plurality of legs, the contact area with the bottom surface of the sinker is reduced, making it easier to deal with unevenness and uneven shapes on the bottom surface of the sinker, and the sinker can be stably installed on the bottom of the sea. , Etc. have an excellent effect.
With the removal method of the floating offshore wind power generator according to the present invention, the removal operation can be performed reliably and easily with a simple operation.

It is sectional drawing (A) for description which shows the structure of the floating body type offshore wind power generator concerning this invention, and the use condition explanatory drawing (B) which shows performing primary water injection. It is sectional drawing (C) of the state which performs primary water injection to the floating-type offshore wind power generator concerning the present invention, and sinks, and explanatory drawing (D) of the bottomed state. It is explanatory drawing which shows the weight displacement of the sinker by the primary water injection and the secondary water injection in the structure of the floating type offshore wind power generator of the same invention. It is sectional drawing for description which shows the other Example of a sinker. It is a top view (A)-(D) which shows other examples of the ballast tank for secondary pouring in a sinker. It is explanatory drawing (A)-(C) which shows the installation construction method of the floating body type offshore wind power generator concerning Example 4 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing (A)-(B) which shows the installation construction method of the floating type offshore wind power generator concerning Example 4 of the same invention. It is explanatory drawing (A)-(B) which shows the installation construction method of the floating type offshore wind power generator concerning Example 4 of the same invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the procedure of the removal construction method of the floating type offshore wind power generator 1 which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the general use condition of the floating type offshore wind power generator 1a which concerns on a prior art example.

  As shown in FIG. 1A, the structure of the floating offshore wind power generator 1 according to the present invention is realized by a sinker that serves both as a tow carrier and a floating weight.

  As shown in FIG. 1-A (A), a floating offshore wind power generator 1 according to the present invention includes a power generator 2, a floating body 3 that supports the power generator 2, and a sinker 4 that anchors the floating body 3. One end is connected to the floating body 3 and the other end is connected to the sinker 4 and is tensioned and tensioned to stabilize the position and posture of the floating body 2.

  The power generator 2 includes a windmill and a generator. The power generation device 2 is supported by a floating body (also referred to as a column) 3 including a central floating body 3a and an outer floating body 3b. In the floating body 3, the central floating body 3a and the outer floating body 3b are assembled in a truss shape by a connecting member 3c.

  The sinker 4 is formed in a bottomed cylindrical body so that the floating body 3 is placed and stored therein, and a bottom portion 4a of the bottomed cylindrical body and an outer floating body 3b in the floating body 3 are mooring lines ( (Also called tendon). Since the sinker 4 is formed in a bottomed cylindrical body whose upper part is opened over the entire surface, the sinker 4 floats by buoyancy even when the power generation device 2 and the floating body 3 are installed in the sea. An engaging portion (not shown) for watering is provided, and further, a water injection port 4d (see FIG. 1-A (B)) for injecting water into the bottomed cylindrical body is provided. .

  The outer floating body 3b is provided with a drum (not shown) around which the mooring line 5 is wound and a jack (not shown) such as a center hole jack for tensioning.

  As shown in FIG. 1-A, the sinker 4 is provided with one or more secondary water injection ballast tanks 4b for improving the stability of the sinker 4.

  Further, a plurality of leg portions 8 projecting toward the seabed 7 are suspended from the bottom surface 4 c of the sinker 4. The leg portion 8 is made of metal or concrete and has a rectangular or trapezoidal shape, but is not particularly limited thereto. The legs 8 are for accommodating the unevenness of the seabed 7.

  A method of using the floating offshore wind turbine generator 1 formed as described above will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 1-A (A), the sinker 4 on which the floating body 3 or the like is placed is towed to a predetermined place by the tow ship 6.

  Next, as shown to FIG. 1-A (B), water is poured from 4 d of water injection holes provided in the bottomed cylinder of the sinker 4. As shown in FIG. The water injection port may be provided at the bottom 4a of the sinker 4. In this case, however, the injection valve or the like must be opened and closed with high accuracy in consideration of water blocking. As a result, the sinker 4 gradually sinks against buoyancy.

  As shown in FIG. 1- (A), when water is poured into the cylindrical body of the sinker 4, the water sinks away from the floating body 3 and sinks into the sea, and eventually settles on the seabed 7. By having the legs 8 on the bottom surface 4 c of the sinker 4, the sinker 4 is supported on the seabed 7 by three or four legs 8, and the sinker 4 is kept horizontal without being affected by the uneven shape of the seabed 7. .

  As shown in FIG. 1-B (B), the stability of the sinker 4 is further improved by injecting water into the secondary water injection ballast tank 4b. This secondary water injection work is a work by a diver, but in addition, the water injection opening may be opened and closed by a solenoid valve or the like by remote control. In this secondary water injection, as shown in FIG. 2, the weight of the sinker 4 becomes the design weight.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the secondary water injection ballast tank 4b may have a structure embedded in the bottom 4a of the bottomed cylindrical body as shown in FIG. Further, the ballast tanks 4b, 4b,... Can be formed by dividing the space portion of the bottom 4a into a plurality of partitions by partition walls in advance. In addition, when providing the said partition, a communicating hole is provided in the said partition and it is made unnecessary to adjust the water level between each compartment. The bottom 4a is provided with a ballast tank 4b for secondary water injection near the center of the sinker 4, so that when the sinker 4 is submerged in the water, buoyancy acts on the center of the sinker 4 and the peripheral portion of the sinker 4 Since the weight of the sinker 4 is supported by the tendon 5 connected to the sinker 4, the sinker 4 is stably supported and settles even if it slightly shakes.

  In addition, as shown in FIGS. 4 (A) to (D), regarding the shape of the secondary water injection ballast tank 4b, (1): arranged in a triangle along the shape of the sinker 4, When embedded in the interior (FIG. 4A), (2): When separate tanks are embedded in a triangular shape with respect to the circular sinker 4 and the tanks communicate with each other (FIG. 4B), ( 3): When embedded in the same circular shape along the shape of the circular sinker 4 (FIG. 4C), (4): Arranged in a rectangular shape along the shape of the rectangular sinker 4 There are various modes as in the case (FIG. 4D). In any case, the secondary water injection ballast tank 4 b is provided at a position close to the center of the sinker 4. In addition to being embedded in the bottom 4a of the sinker 4, a secondary water injection ballast tank 4b may be provided on the bottom 4a. In this way, the sinker 4 is used as both a tow carrier for the floating body 3 and a floating body weight.

  An installation method for a floating offshore wind turbine generator according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First, as shown in FIG. 5A, a bottomed cylindrical sinker 4 having an open top is formed so as to accommodate the entire floating body 3 therein. The sinker 4 is formed into a bottomed cylindrical body as a whole by a metal body having a closed internal space. The metal body is made of steel, for example.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5A, before the floating body 3 is installed in the internal space of the bottomed cylindrical body that is the sinker 4, concrete is placed in the internal space of the metal body. Then, as shown in FIGS. 5B and 5C, after floating the sinker 4 on the sea, the floating body 3 is placed on the bottom of the sinker 4, and the sinker 4 and the floating body 3 are connected to the mooring line 5. Keep connected. The power generator 2 is coupled to the floating body 3 to form the floating offshore wind power generator 1.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 6 (A), the sinker 4 is towed by a tugboat 6 and moved to a predetermined position, and as shown in FIG. 6 (B), the inside of the bottomed cylindrical body of the sinker 4 Primary water is poured into the space. Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 7A, water is evenly poured into the internal space to sink the sinker 4 in the water and to float the floating body 3 in the water.

  As shown in FIG. 7 (B), after the sinker 4 has landed on the seabed 7, secondary water is poured into the ballast tank 4b. The mooring line 5 is tensioned. The mooring lines 5 are adjusted by adjusting the inclination of each central floating body 3a and outer floating body 3b. In this way, the floating offshore wind power generator 1 is installed.

  The floating offshore wind turbine generator 1 is removed by moving the floating offshore wind turbine generator 1 according to the present invention to a predetermined installation position as shown in FIG. After the floating offshore wind power generator 1 is installed at a predetermined position, the water of the ballast tank 4b of the sinker 4 is discharged from the sea through an injection pipe with a tow ship 6 having a compressor. Primary drainage is performed by injecting air into the ballast tank 4b. In the towing vessel 6 on the drain side, for example, a vacuum pump or the like is connected to the drain pipe to drain the water in the ballast tank 4b.

  After that, the sinker 4 is pulled up by pulling the mooring cable 5 with a jack or the like, and further, water is secondary drained from the inner space of the bottomed cylindrical body of the lifted sinker 4, and the floating offshore wind power generation is performed. The lower part of the floating body 3 in the apparatus 1 is placed on the bottom 4 a of the bottomed cylindrical body of the sinker 4. Then, the sinker 4 is towed to the revetment of the inner bay with a tow ship 6 or the like, and the floating offshore wind turbine generator 1 is removed from the predetermined installation position. After that, replacement work of blades etc. is performed at the revetment in the inner bay.

  The structure of the floating offshore wind power generator according to the present invention can be widely applied to devices for mooring floating objects in the sea, lakes, and rivers.

1 Floating offshore wind turbine generator, 1a Conventional floating offshore wind turbine generator,
2 power generator,
3 floating body, 3a central floating body,
3b outer floating body, 3c connecting member,
4 sinkers, 4a bottom,
4b Ballast tank for secondary water injection, 4c Bottom surface,
4d water inlet, 4e side wall,
5 Mooring line (Tendon),
6 Towing vessel,
7 Seabed,
8 legs.

Claims (8)

The power generator, the floating body that supports the power generator, the sinker that anchors the floating body, one end connected to the floating body, the other end connected to the sinker, and the tensioned and tensioned position. And in the structure of a floating offshore wind power generator composed of mooring lines that stabilize the posture,
The sinker is formed in a bottomed cylindrical body whose upper part is fully open so as to accommodate all the columns of the floating body, and the bottomed cylindrical body and the floating body are connected by the mooring line,
By evenly pouring the entire inside of the cylinder of the sinker, it is separated from the floating body and reaches the seabed,
The sinker is used as both a floating tow carrier and a floating weight;
The structure of a floating offshore wind power generator characterized by The sinker is provided with one or more ballast tanks for secondary water injection at the bottom to improve the stability of the sinker,
The structure of the floating offshore wind turbine generator according to claim 1. The ballast tank is disposed closer to the center of the sinker than the position of the connecting portion between the sinker and the mooring line;
The structure of the floating offshore wind turbine generator according to claim 2. The bottom surface of the sinker has a plurality of legs that protrude toward the seabed.
The structure of the floating offshore wind turbine generator according to claim 1 or 2. A bottomed cylindrical sinker is formed that has an open top and a ballast tank at the bottom so that the entire floating body can be housed inside. After floating the sinker on the sea, the floating body is placed on the bottom of the sinker. , Connecting the sinker and the floating body with a mooring line,
Tow the sinker and move to a predetermined position,
Primary water is poured into the inner space of the bottomed cylindrical body of the sinker, and the inner space is evenly poured and submerged in water, and the floating body is floated,
After the sinker has landed on the seabed, the ballast tank is secondarily poured,
Installing a floating offshore wind power generator by tensioning the mooring line;
An installation method for floating offshore wind power generators. The sinker is formed in a bottomed cylinder as a whole by forming a closed inner space at the periphery of the sinker, and before the floating body is installed in the inner space of the bottomed cylinder, the inner space of the periphery Concrete is placed in the
The installation method of the floating type offshore wind power generator of Claim 5 characterized by these. The ballast tank is disposed closer to the center of the sinker than the position of the connecting portion between the sinker and the mooring line;
The installation method of the floating type offshore wind power generator of Claim 5 or 6 characterized by these. A bottomed cylindrical sinker is formed that has an open top and a ballast tank at the bottom so that the entire floating body can be housed inside. After floating the sinker on the sea, the floating body is placed on the bottom of the sinker. The sinker and the floating body are connected by a mooring line, the sinker is towed and moved to a predetermined installation position, the sinker is settled on the seabed, and the floating offshore wind power generator is installed.
Primary drainage by injecting water from the sinker ballast tank into the ballast tank from the sea,
Then, lift the sinker with the mooring line,
Secondary drainage of water from the internal space of the raised bottomed cylindrical body of the sinker to place the lower part of the floating body on the bottom of the bottomed cylindrical body of the sinker,
Towing the sinker by ship and removing the floating offshore wind turbine generator from the predetermined installation position;
Removal method of floating offshore wind power generator characterized by

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