JP2012130651A - Fire extinguishing and fire preventing facility and fire extinguishing and fire preventing method for fixed roof tank with internal floating lid and floating roof type tank - Google Patents

Abstract

In a fixed roof tank with an internal floating lid, the fire can be extinguished without being obstructed by the fixed roof and the floating lid, and the atmosphere in the tank is kept at the explosion limit without an operator working on the tank roof. An object of the present invention is to provide a fire extinguishing and fire prevention equipment for a fixed roof tank with an internal floating lid, which can prevent the occurrence of a fire and explosion outside the range.
A fire extinguishing and fire prevention facility for a fixed roof tank with an internal floating lid for storing flammable and flammable liquids, the floating lid for releasing an inert gas or a foamed foam extinguishing chemical aqueous solution. The tank has an inlet for injecting an inert gas or a foamed foam fire-extinguishing agent aqueous solution into the side plate manhole, and the outlet and the inlet are connected by a shape-retaining flexible tube. Therefore, even if the floating lid is damaged due to an earthquake, etc., or sinks due to loss of buoyancy, the worker does not need to prepare for introduction of inert gas and fire extinguishing foam on the roof, It is possible to perform fire extinguishing and fire prevention work by introducing an inert gas and fire extinguishing foam into the tank without being obstructed by the fixed roof or the floating lid.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a “fire-extinguishing and fire-proofing equipment” and a “fire-extinguishing and fire-proofing method” in the event of an abnormality such as an earthquake of “fixed roof tank with internal floating lid” and “floating roof-type tank” for storing flammable and combustible liquids. ".

  In general, “Fixed roof tanks with internal floating lids” that store flammable and flammable liquids such as oil are required to be equipped with fixed foam fire extinguishing equipment based on the Fire Service Act. It is dropped along the tank side plate and spreads on the tank liquid surface to extinguish partial fires and full fires. In addition, in case the fixed foam fire extinguishing equipment fails, based on the disaster prevention law such as petroleum complex, large-scale chemical fire engine 1, large-scale altitude water discharge vehicle 2, foam stock solution transport vehicle as shown in FIG. 3 so-called three-point set is obligatory, and in the fire extinguishing of the entire fire of the tank, the vent fire that fires from the vent part of the tank, and the fish mouse fire that fires from the mounting part of the tank roof, etc. It is a mechanism to carry out fire fighting activities by car.

  Furthermore, in the “fixed roof tank with internal floating lid”, as shown in FIG. 19, when an abnormality is confirmed in the floating lid 5 etc. in the tank due to an earthquake or the like, the storage liquid is removed and then the tank is restored. In this work, first, an operator gets on the tank roof top 6 and inserts a hose from the vent portion 7 etc., and introduces an inert gas through the pressure vessel vehicle 8, the decompressor 9, etc. The oil could not be drained until the atmosphere in the tank was reduced below the critical oxygen concentration. At that time, a fire or explosion occurred, and there was a risk of danger.

In general, "floating roof type tanks" that store flammable and flammable liquids such as oil are obliged to be equipped with fixed foam fire extinguishing equipment under the Fire Service Act. It is designed to drop and extinguish the ring fire. In addition, in preparation for the case where the fixed foam fire extinguishing system fails, the large chemical fire engine 1, the large height water discharge car 2, the foam stock solution transport car 3 as shown in FIG. It is obliged to install the so-called three-point set, and the ring fire is extinguished from the ground.
In addition, if there is a full-scale fire for a thing with a diameter of 34m or more, the capacity of the three-piece set of radiation is insufficient, so it has a large water discharge capacity according to the tank diameter based on the disaster prevention law such as oil complex. It is obliged to install a capacity foam cannon, and in the event of a full-scale fire, a fire extinguishing foam is radiated inside the tank, deployed on the surface of the tank liquid, and extinguished.

In the “fixed roof tank with an internal floating lid”, the so-called three large chemical fire-fighting vehicles 1, large-scale altitude water discharge vehicles 2, and foam concentrate solution vehicles 3 deployed based on the disaster prevention law such as the oil complex as shown in FIG. In the case of fire extinguishing by point set, even if the fixed roof scatters from the tank due to bombing and becomes an open top, if the radiation distance to the tank is long, or the foam radiation from the ground is the fire extinguisher foam as expected depending on the wind direction The liquid may not reach the surface of dangerous materials, making it difficult to extinguish the fire.
In addition, if a part or all of the fixed roof remains on the tank due to bombing, foam emission from the ground is blocked by the fixed roof, so it cannot be radiated to the surface of the liquid dangerous goods in the tank as expected, making it difficult to extinguish the fire. There is a case.
In addition, in the fire extinguishing method for vent fires and fish mouth fires, a conventional fire engine has to be used if the foam does not radiate from the outside of the oil barrier to the opening formed at the joint between the roof and the side plate or into the vent. There was a risk that it would be difficult to extinguish the fire because it did not reach the surface of the dangerous liquid inside.

“Fixed roof tank with internal floating lid” is designed to have a detonation structure that releases the pressure by opening the weld between the fixed roof and the side plate with pressure when the internal pressure suddenly rises during a fire. The fixed foam fire extinguishing equipment installed at the top has a fundamental design problem that it is easily damaged when it is released and loses its function.
For this reason, when extinguishing the "Fixed roof tank with internal floating lid", the floating lid is damaged and the liquid dangerous substance overflowing on the floating lid becomes a fire, or the floating lid loses buoyancy or floats. When a part of or all of the liquid dangerous substance exposed to the gas phase or the atmosphere sunk, it was foamed by the fixed foam fire extinguishing equipment installed at the top of the tank. The foam solution must be dropped along the side plate and floated on the surface of the liquid hazardous material to extinguish the fire.However, the upper part of the tank is damaged by the explosion, and the fixed foam fire extinguishing equipment installed on the upper part of the tank is installed. It may not be usable.

  In the case of fire prevention to prevent the fire of the conventional `` fixed roof tank with internal floating lid '', liquid dangerous substances will be generated when the floating lid is damaged, when the floating lid sinks, or when the tube seal falls off. In case of overflowing on the floating lid, the worker climbs on the fixed roof and introduces inert gas and foamed foam fire-extinguishing chemical solution into the tank. However, working on a fixed roof was very dangerous.

  In the “floating roof tank”, a so-called three-point set of a large-sized chemical fire engine 1, a large height water discharge vehicle 2, and a foam concentrate solution vehicle 3 as shown in FIG. If the radiation distance to the tank 4a is long when extinguishing with a large-capacity foam cannon, the foam radiation from the ground will not reach the surface of the liquid dangerous goods in the tank as expected due to the wind direction, making it difficult to extinguish the fire. There is a possibility.

Conventionally, a method of using a non-retained hose or supplying a foam extinguishing agent aqueous solution via a drain pipe for draining rainwater from a floating roof has been proposed to send the foam extinguishing agent aqueous solution. . However, there is a method of using a non-shaped hose for feeding the foam fire-extinguishing agent aqueous solution. However, hoses that do not have a shape retention may be unable to smoothly supply a foamed foam fire-extinguishing agent aqueous solution by being crushed, kinked or bent in a liquid hazardous material.
When a rainwater drain pipe is used instead of a hose, it is difficult to supply a foamed foam fire-extinguishing chemical aqueous solution in a state where liquid dangerous substances, rain water, or a fire extinguishing aqueous solution is accumulated in the drain pipe.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a “fire extinguishing and fire prevention equipment” of a “fixed roof tank with an internal floating lid” for storing flammable and flammable liquid, the floating lid comprising an inert gas Alternatively, the tank includes a discharge port for discharging the foamed foam fire-extinguishing agent aqueous solution, and the tank includes an inlet for injecting an inert gas or the foamed foam fire-extinguishing agent aqueous solution into the side plate manhole. Is characterized by being connected by a shape-retaining flexible tube.
The present invention is also a “fire extinguishing and fire prevention equipment” of a “floating roof tank” for storing flammable and flammable liquid, wherein the floating roof is a release for releasing foamed foam fire-fighting chemical aqueous solution. An outlet is provided, and the tank is provided with an injection port for injecting a foamed foam fire-extinguishing agent aqueous solution into a side plate, and the discharge port and the injection port are connected by a shape-retaining flexible tube.

  In addition, the foamed foam fire-extinguishing agent aqueous solution is foamed using air or an inert gas.

  In the present invention, the discharge port is formed to rise from a top surface of the floating lid and the floating roof to a predetermined height.

  Further, in the present invention, the discharge port is provided with a backflow prevention mechanism, and prevents liquid dangerous substances from entering from the discharge port, and an inert gas or foamed foam extinguishing agent supplied from a flexible tube. It is characterized by being released by the pressure of the aqueous solution.

  Further, one or a plurality of the discharge ports are provided according to the tank diameter.

  Further, in the present invention, when the tank diameter A is compared with the diameter a of the circle in which the foamed foam aqueous solution radiated from the discharge port spreads, one outlet is provided at the center of the tank when the tank diameter A is small. It is characterized by that.

  Further, in the present invention, when the tank diameter A is compared with the diameter a of the circle in which the foamed bubble aqueous solution radiated from the discharge port spreads, the discharge port is formed into a circle B having a diameter A. Draw an inscribed regular polygon C (provided that the length of one side of the regular polygon C is the maximum within a range shorter than a). A circle bn is selected by selecting a circle having a larger area overlapping with the tank circle among the circles having a diameter a and passing through the center of all the drawn circles bn. A circle having the same center as the center of the circle is defined as a concentric circle F, and the number equal to or greater than the number of vertices of the regular polygon C is set as a quantity, and is arranged at equal intervals on the tank circle and the concentric circle F.

  In the present invention, the discharge port is installed on a concentric circle F when the tank diameter A is large when comparing the tank diameter A and the diameter a of the circle in which the foamed bubble aqueous solution radiated from the discharge port spreads. When a circle bn having a diameter a is drawn around the position of the discharge port, and the length of the normal line is shorter than 1/2 of A at the contact point of the adjacent circle bn and the normal line in the center direction of the circle B, Draws a circle G that passes through all the contacts of the circle bn, has the same center position as the circle B, and is smaller than the diameter of the circle B. If the diameter of the circle G is smaller than a, the discharge port is at the center of the circle B. If one circle is installed and the diameter of the circle G is larger than a, a regular polygon C inscribed in the circle B with the diameter A is drawn (however, the length of one side of the regular polygon C is shorter than a and is the maximum). There is a contact dn of a regular polygon C inscribed with the circle B, and passes through adjacent contacts and has a diameter a. A circle bn is selected by selecting the one having a larger area overlapping with the tank circle, a circle having a diameter equal to or larger than the circle E passing through the centers of all drawn circles bn, and a circle having the same center as the center of the circle B Is a concentric circle F, and the number equal to or greater than the number of vertices of the regular polygon C is set as a quantity, and are placed at equal intervals on the tank circle and the concentric circle F.

  In the present invention, the inlet is provided in a side plate manhole for tank opening inspection.

  Since this invention consists of an above-described structure, there can exist an effect which is demonstrated below.

In the present invention, “fire extinguishing and fire prevention equipment” of “fixed roof tank with internal floating lid” for storing flammable and flammable liquid, wherein the floating lid is an inert gas or foamed foam extinguishing chemical aqueous solution The tank is provided with an inlet for injecting an inert gas or a foamed foam fire-extinguishing agent aqueous solution into the side plate, and the outlet and the inlet are flexible in shape retention. If the tube seal is dropped, the floating lid is damaged due to an earthquake, etc., or if it sinks due to loss of buoyancy and the dangerous material overflows, the worker will have inert gas on the roof. There is no need to prepare for the introduction of fire-extinguishing foam, and inert gas and fire-extinguishing foam can be introduced into the tank from the ground, preventing vapor generation of exposed liquid hazardous materials, and limiting the oxygen concentration in the tank atmosphere. In the following, fire and explosion occurrence It is possible to prevent the deer.
In addition, when an exposed liquid dangerous material causes a fire, fire extinguishing bubbles can be introduced into the tank from the ground without being obstructed by the fixed roof, and a partial fire or a full fire can be extinguished.
Furthermore, for vent fires, fish mouth fires, etc., it is difficult to perform fire fighting work by putting fire extinguishing bubbles from the outside of the oil breakwater into the opening formed at the joint between the roof and the side plate or in the vent. It becomes possible to introduce inert gas and fire-extinguishing bubbles into the tank, and these fires can be smoothly and quickly extinguished.
In addition, since the flexible tube is a shape-retaining hose, when it is not used, the inside is filled with air and buoyancy is generated, so that the floating lid is not pulled down. Even when in use, the inert gas or the foamed foam fire-extinguishing agent aqueous solution has a specific gravity lighter than the storage liquid, so that buoyancy is generated and the floating lid is not pulled down. Furthermore, since the flexible tube is a shape-retaining hose, there is no kinking, no clogging occurs when an inert gas or a foamed foam fire-extinguishing agent aqueous solution is added, and the inert gas or The foamed foam solution can be discharged.

  In the present invention, the foamed foam fire-extinguishing agent aqueous solution is foamed using air or an inert gas. When extinguishing with an inert gas, the fire combustion surface is covered with an inert gas so that the fire can be reliably extinguished.

In the present invention, the “floating roof tank” “fire extinguishing and fire prevention equipment” for storing flammable and flammable liquids, the floating roof being an outlet for discharging foamed foam fire-fighting chemical aqueous solution. The tank includes an injection port for injecting a foamed foam fire-extinguishing agent aqueous solution into a side plate, and the discharge port and the injection port are connected by a shape-retaining flexible tube, so that a floating roof due to an earthquake or the like If a fire damages or sinks due to loss of buoyancy and a dangerous material overflows to cause a fire, it is possible to extinguish the entire fire from the ground without being affected by the wind or the updraft caused by the fire.
Further, since the flexible tube is a shape-retaining hose, when it is not in use, the inside is filled with air and buoyancy is generated, so that the floating roof is not pulled down. Even when in use, the foamed foam fire-extinguishing agent aqueous solution has a lighter specific gravity than the storage liquid, so that buoyancy is generated and the floating roof is not pulled down. Furthermore, since the flexible tube is a shape-retaining hose, there is no kinking, and there is no clogging or abnormal pressure when the foamed foam solution is put in. it can.

  In the present invention, the foamed foam fire-extinguishing agent aqueous solution is foamed using air or an inert gas. When extinguishing with an inert gas, the fire combustion surface is covered with an inert gas so that the fire can be reliably extinguished.

Further, in the present invention, a “fixed roof tank with an internal floating lid” and a “floating roof type tank” for storing flammable and combustible liquids, wherein the discharge port is predetermined from the upper surfaces of the floating lid and the floating roof. Since it is formed by rising up, it can prevent liquid dangerous goods from entering from the discharge port, and when the floating roof or lid sinks, the discharge port has a backflow prevention mechanism, It prevents liquid dangerous substances from entering from the discharge port and is released by the pressure of the inert gas supplied from the flexible tube or the foamed foam fire-extinguishing agent aqueous solution. It is possible to prevent the backflow of liquid dangerous substances from the flexible tube through the discharge port at the time of injection, and it is possible to realize a safe and quick fire extinguishing activity.
Moreover, it can be always made hollow so that liquid dangerous substances do not accumulate in the flexible tube, and the foam fire-extinguishing chemical aqueous solution is smoothly inactive gas or foamed without being contaminated with liquid dangerous chemicals. Can be used for fire prevention and fire extinguishing work.

  Further, in the present invention, a “fixed roof tank with an internal floating lid” and a “floating roof type tank” for storing flammable and flammable liquids, the discharge port being one piece according to the tank diameter. Or, since a plurality of the foamed fire extinguishing chemical aqueous solutions are smoothly introduced by introducing a plurality of them, it is possible to perform fire prevention and fire fighting operations.

  Further, in the present invention, it is a “fixed roof tank with an internal floating lid” and a “floating roof type tank” for storing flammable and flammable liquids, and the inlet is connected to a side plate manhole for tank opening inspection. Since it is provided, installation work can be facilitated.

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway explanatory view showing an internal configuration of a tank in “fire extinguishing and fire prevention equipment” of a “fixed roof tank with an internal floating lid” according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway view showing an example of a flexible pipe (shaped hose) used in “fire extinguishing and fire prevention equipment” of the “fixed roof tank with internal floating lid” and “floating roof type tank”. It is explanatory drawing. FIG. 3 is a partial view showing an example of a pressure-operated valve (back flow prevention mechanism) at a discharge port used for “fire extinguishing and fire prevention equipment” of “fixed roof tank with internal floating lid” and “floating roof type tank”. It is explanatory drawing cut out. FIG. 4 is a partial cutaway showing a second embodiment of the backflow prevention mechanism at the discharge port used in the “fire extinguishing and fire prevention equipment” of the “fixed roof tank with internal floating lid” and “floating roof type tank”. It is explanatory drawing which lacked. FIG. 5 is a partially cutaway explanatory view showing a third embodiment of the same pressure operating valve (backflow prevention mechanism). FIG. 6 is a partially cutaway explanatory view showing a fourth embodiment of the same pressure operating valve (backflow prevention mechanism). FIG. 7 is a partially cutaway explanatory view showing an example of an inlet used for “fire extinguishing and fire prevention equipment” of the “fixed roof tank with internal floating lid” and “floating roof type tank”. FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing a fire prevention situation due to gas in the “fixed roof tank with an internal floating lid”. FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a fire extinguishing state by gas in the “fixed roof tank with internal floating lid”. FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing a fire prevention situation due to bubbles in the “fixed roof tank with an internal floating lid”. FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing a fire extinguishing situation due to bubbles in the “fixed roof tank with an internal floating lid”. FIG. 12 is a partially cutaway explanatory view showing the internal configuration of the tank in the “fire extinguishing and fire prevention equipment” of the “floating roof type tank” of the present invention. FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing a fire prevention situation due to bubbles in the “fire extinguishing and fire prevention equipment” of the “floating roof tank”. FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing a fire extinguishing situation due to bubbles in “fire extinguishing and fire prevention equipment” of the “floating roof tank”. FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of the tank diameter, the number of discharge ports, and positions in the “fixed roof tank with internal floating lid” and “floating roof type tank”. FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram of the tank diameter, the number of discharge ports, and positions in the “fixed roof tank with internal floating lid” and “floating roof type tank”. FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram of the tank diameter, the number of discharge ports, and the positions in the “fixed roof tank with internal floating lid” and “floating roof type tank”. FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a conventional fire extinguishing method for a “fixed roof tank with an internal floating lid” for storing flammable and combustible liquids. FIG. 19 is an explanatory view showing an example of a conventional fire prevention method for a “fixed roof tank with an internal floating lid” for storing flammable and combustible liquids. FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a conventional method of extinguishing a “floating roof tank” for storing flammable and combustible liquids.

  The “fire extinguishing and fire prevention equipment” of the “fixed roof tank with internal floating lid” of the present invention is provided with a discharge port for the floating lid to discharge an inert gas or a foamed foam fire-extinguishing chemical aqueous solution, and the tank is not attached to the side plate. Equipped with an injection port for injecting an active gas or foamed foam fire-extinguishing agent aqueous solution, and connecting the discharge port and the injection port with a shape-retaining flexible tube, without being affected by updrafts caused by wind or fire In addition, the storage tank can be effectively extinguished without being disturbed by the fixed roof. In addition, when an abnormality is confirmed in the tank due to an earthquake or the like, an operator does not need to introduce an inert gas on the tank roof when removing the stored liquid.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings illustrating an embodiment. FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing the fire prevention situation by the gas of the “fixed roof tank with internal floating lid” according to the present invention, and FIG. 1 is the “fire extinguishing and fire prevention equipment” of the “fixed roof tank with internal floating lid” of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory view with a part cut away showing an internal configuration of a tank. Here, the “fixed roof tank with internal floating lid” 10 is for storing flammable and flammable liquid, and the floating lid 11 is for releasing inert gas or foamed foam fire-fighting chemical aqueous solution. The “fixed roof tank with internal floating lid” 10 includes an injection port 13 for injecting an inert gas or a foamed foam fire-extinguishing agent aqueous solution into the manhole of the side plate 10a. The inlet 13 is connected by a shape-retaining flexible tube 14. The foam fire-extinguishing agent aqueous solution is foamed by air or inert gas.

  In FIG. 8, the inlet 13 is connected to a decompressor 17 via an injection hose 16 and is introduced after vaporizing the liquid inert gas loaded in the pressure vessel vehicle 18 loaded with liquid gas. The “fixed roof tank with internal floating lid” 10 includes a fixed roof 19 at the top as shown in FIG. In addition, a floating lid 11 having a tube seal 11a is disposed inside the “fixed roof tank with internal floating lid” 10 and can move up and down according to the amount of flammable liquid stored in the tank. it can.

  In the present embodiment, the number of discharge ports 12 is one in the central portion of the floating lid 11, or the required number according to the tank diameter, so that the bubbles spread evenly throughout the floating lid, with the central portion of the floating lid 11 as the center. It is attached. In other words, since the range of bubbles that can be diffused per unit time from a single outlet is limited, in order to diffuse bubbles over the entire surface of the floating lid 11 in a short time, it is evenly distributed between the central portion of the floating lid and the periphery thereof. Need to be placed. For example, it may be arranged at an equal central angle with one at the center and a predetermined radius.

15-17 is explanatory drawing about the tank diameter in the "fixed roof tank with an internal floating lid" of this invention, the number of discharge ports, and a position. In FIG. 15, when the diameter of the “fixed roof tank with internal floating lid” 10 is A and the diameter of the circle in which the foamed foam aqueous solution radiated from the discharge port 12 spreads is a, the diameter a is larger than the diameter A. One discharge port 12 is installed at the center of the “fixed roof tank with an internal floating lid” 10.
As shown in FIG. 16, when the diameter a is smaller than the diameter A, the position and quantity of the discharge port 12 are determined as follows.
First, a regular polygon C inscribed in a circle B having a diameter A is drawn. However, the length L of one side of the regular polygon C is the largest among the shorter than the diameter a.
In addition, in the contact dn of the regular polygon C inscribed with the circle B, the circle bn having a larger area that overlaps with the tank circle B among the circles having a diameter a passing through the adjacent contacts is in all the contacts dn. Draw. The discharge port 12 has a diameter equal to or larger than the circle E passing through the centers of all drawn circles bn, a circle having the same center as the center of the circle B is defined as a concentric circle F, and a quantity greater than the number of vertices of the regular polygon C is determined. And installed at equidistant positions on the concentric circle F. In the example shown in FIG. 16, the number of discharge ports 12 is three.
Further, as shown in FIG. 17, a circle bn having a diameter a is drawn around the position of the discharge port 12 installed on the concentric circle F. When the length of the normal line is shorter than 1/2 of A at the contact point between adjacent circles bn and the center direction of circle B, it passes through all the contact points of circle bn and the center position of circle B A circle G having the same center and smaller than the diameter of the circle B is drawn. When the diameter of the circle G is smaller than a, one discharge port 12 is installed at the center of the circle B. When the diameter of the circle G is larger than a, the regular polygon inscribed in the circle G is drawn similarly to the case described in FIG.

  In FIG. 3, the discharge port 12 is formed such that the front end portion 12 a rises vertically from the upper surface of the floating lid 11 by a predetermined height H, and is attached to the floating lid 11 by a flange 22. A lid 20 that is one of the backflow prevention mechanisms is attached to the opening end of the discharge port 12. The lid body 20 has a diameter substantially equal to the opening end, and a lower end portion 20 a having a slightly smaller diameter is inserted into the inner diameter of the discharge port 12 via the packing 21. Therefore, the lid body 20 is prevented from entering the liquid dangerous material from the upper surface of the floating lid 11 and is released and opened with a constant pressure from the direction of the flexible tube 14. The discharge port 12 is curved at a substantially right angle on the lower surface of the floating lid 11, and the rear end portion 12 b is formed in parallel to the floating lid surface. The rear end 12 b of the discharge port 12 is connected to the tip of the flexible tube 14 by a flange 23.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the flexible tube 14 is composed of an oil-resistant resin 26 including a spiral steel wire 24 and reinforcing fibers 25. Moreover, it has oil resistance with respect to the flammable and combustible liquid accommodated in a tank, and has the shape retention property which hold | maintains a circular cross section. Furthermore, it is desirable that the flexible tube 14 be spirally arranged in the tank so as to follow the vertical movement of the floating lid 11 with a margin. Furthermore, the pressure resistance can be increased by the reinforcing fibers 25. Therefore, the floating lid 11 can freely follow up and down movements and is not crushed by hydraulic pressure. Examples of the flammable and combustible liquid stored in the “fixed roof tank with internal floating lid” 10 include crude oil, heavy oil, petroleum, kerosene, light oil, gasoline, naphtha, alcohols, and the like.

  FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway explanatory view showing an example of the backflow prevention mechanism 27 in the discharge port 28 used in the “fire extinguishing and fire prevention equipment” of the “fixed roof tank with internal floating lid” of the present invention. As shown in the drawing, the discharge port 28 is formed such that the front end portion 28 a rises vertically from the upper surface of the floating lid 11 by a predetermined height H, and is attached to the floating lid 11 by a flange 22. A backflow prevention mechanism 27 is attached to the opening end of the discharge port 28. The backflow prevention mechanism 27 has a lid 27 a having a diameter substantially equal to the opening end, and is fitted into the inner diameter of the discharge port 28 via the packing 21. A guide piece 30 having an insertion port 29 at the center is formed at the tip (upper end) of the discharge port 28. A guide bar 31 that is suspended from the center of the lower surface of the lid 27a is inserted into the insertion port 29. Further, the tip of the guide bar 31 is enlarged to form a retaining stopper 31a.

  Therefore, the backflow prevention mechanism 27 prevents the liquid dangerous material from entering from the upper surface of the floating lid 11 and floats and opens with a constant pressure from the direction of the flexible tube 14. Further, since the lid 27a is supported by the guide piece 30 via the guide bar 31, when the pressure from the inside decreases, the lid 27a returns to the original position again to close the discharge port 28, thereby Prevent intrusion. Similarly to the first embodiment, the discharge port 28 is curved at a substantially right angle on the lower surface of the floating lid 11, and the rear end portion 28b is formed in parallel to the floating lid surface. Further, the rear end portion 28 b of the discharge port 28 is connected to the distal end of the flexible tube 14 by a flange 23.

FIG. 5 is a partially cutaway explanatory view showing another embodiment of the pressure operated valve (backflow prevention mechanism) of the present invention. In this embodiment, the compression spring 32 is disposed around the guide bar 31 between the guide piece 30 and the retaining member 31a, although it is substantially the same as the backflow prevention mechanism shown in FIG.
In such a configuration, the lid 27a is always urged in the direction to close the discharge port 28 by the compression spring 32, and opens only when the pressure from the direction of the flexible tube 14 is won by the urging force of the spring. .
Therefore, it is possible to always prevent the intrusion of liquid dangerous goods and to open the discharge port 28 only in the case of fire extinguishing or fire prevention work.

FIG. 6 is a partially cutaway explanatory view showing a fourth embodiment of the pressure operated valve (backflow prevention mechanism) of the present invention. In the present embodiment, a rupture disk 51 is attached to the rear end portion 28b of the discharge port 28 by a flange 50, and a fistula plate 52 is attached to the end portion. The rupture disk 51 is made of aluminum foil or the like, and is ruptured by a predetermined pressure and opened. Further, the fistula plate 52 is a plate-like body having a plurality of small holes, and prevents intrusion of dust and enables the release of an inert gas and a foamed foam fire-extinguishing agent aqueous solution. Further, the hole plate 52 may be formed of a net or the like.
In such a configuration, it is possible to always prevent the intrusion of the liquid dangerous material and to open the discharge port 28 only in the case of fire extinguishing or fire prevention work.

  FIG. 7 is an explanatory view with a part cut away showing an example of an inlet used for “fire extinguishing and fire prevention equipment” of the “fixed roof tank with internal floating lid” of the present invention. The injection port 13 is provided in a tank inspection manhole 33 provided in the lower end side plate 10a of the tank. An insertion hole 35 is formed in the approximate center of the manhole 33 in order to insert the attachment tube 34. The attachment tube 34 is fixed to the insertion hole 35 by welding or the like. The attachment tube 34 is attached substantially perpendicular to the manhole 33, and is connected to the flexible tube 14 and the injection hose 16 such as an inert gas by attachment flanges 37 and 38 formed at both ends of the attachment tube. When the injection hose 16 is not connected at all times, a closing flange is attached to the mounting flange 37 located outside the tank, and the insertion hole 35 of the manhole 33 is closed.

  The manhole 33 configured in this manner is provided with a shape retaining ability by removing the manhole itself by loosening a nut and pulling out the shape retaining flexible tube 14 at the time of opening inspection of the “fixed roof tank with an internal floating lid”. After the flexible tube 14 is separated at the mounting flange 38 and placed inside the tank, an operator enters the tank and inspects it.

  Next, fire prevention with an inert gas using the “fire extinguishing and fire prevention equipment” of the “fixed roof tank with internal floating lid” of the present invention will be described. As shown in FIG. 8, even if the tank does not reach a fire, when an abnormality occurs inside the tank due to an earthquake or a lightning strike, for example, when the floating lid 11 is damaged or when the floating lid 11 sinks, the floating lid 11 When the tube seal 11a is dropped, the gas phase portion becomes an atmosphere within the explosion limit, so it is necessary to take an explosion-proof and fire-proof measure. In the “fire extinguishing and fire prevention equipment” of the “fixed roof tank with an internal floating lid” of the present invention, the injection hose 16 is connected to the mounting flange 37 of the injection port 13 and the liquid from the pressure vessel vehicle 18 loaded with liquid gas is used. An inert gas is gasified by the decompressor 17 and injected.

  When an inert gas is injected from the injection port 13, it is guided to the discharge port 12 through the flexible tube 14. At this time, since the flexible tube 14 has shape retaining properties, it smoothly follows the vertical movement of the floating lid 11 and smoothly feeds the inert gas to the discharge port 12 without collapsing the hose by hydraulic pressure. Can do. In addition, the inert gas sent from the flexible tube 14 to the discharge port 12 has an inner diameter of the discharge port 12 at the lower end portion 20a via the packing 21 in the discharge port configured as shown in FIG. Since it is inserted, there is no possibility of dangerous liquid intrusion without discharging below a predetermined pressure. When the pressure of the inert gas exceeds a predetermined value, the lid 20 is detached and the inert gas is filled in the gas phase part between the flammable and combustible liquid exposed on the fixed roof 19 and the floating lid 11, It is possible to extract flammable and combustible liquids while lowering the oxygen concentration to below the critical oxygen concentration, performing explosion-proofing and fire-proofing treatments, and preventing sparks due to static electricity.

  According to the “fire extinguishing and fire prevention equipment” of the “fixed roof tank with internal floating lid” as described above, the tank can be safely filled with an inert gas from the ground without working on the tank roof. The tank gas phase can be lowered below the critical oxygen concentration. As the inert gas, carbon dioxide gas, nitrogen gas, or the like can be used.

  When the backflow prevention mechanism 27 shown in FIG. 4 is used, even if the lid 27a is opened once, the lid 27a is supported by the guide piece 30 via the guide bar 31, so that the pressure of the inert gas When the pressure drops, it returns to the original position again and closes the discharge port 28 to prevent the intrusion of liquid dangerous goods.

  When the backflow prevention mechanism 27 shown in FIG. 5 is used, the lid 27a is always urged by the compression spring 32 in the direction to close the discharge port 28, and from the direction of the flexible tube 14 by the urging force of the spring. Since the liquid is opened only when the pressure is higher, the intrusion of the liquid dangerous material can be prevented at all times, and the discharge port 28 can be opened only in the case of fire extinguishing or fire prevention work.

  FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a fire extinguishing state by an inert gas of the “fixed roof tank with an internal floating lid” of the present invention. Here, when a fire occurs in the gas phase portion between the fixed roof 19 and the floating lid 11, conventionally, the fixed roof 19 interferes with it and it is difficult to extinguish the fire with a fire engine. In this case, even if foamed foam fire-extinguishing agent aqueous solution was supplied from the inside below the tank, it was difficult to float the foam-extinguishing agent aqueous solution foamed by the floating lid 11 being obstructed. In the present invention, the injection hose 16 is connected to the mounting flange 37 of the injection port 13, and the liquid inert gas from the pressure vessel vehicle 18 loaded with liquid gas is gasified and injected by the decompressor 17.

  FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing a fire prevention situation due to bubbles in the “fixed roof tank with an internal floating lid” of the present invention. For example, when an abnormality occurs inside the tank and the floating lid 11 is damaged, when the floating lid 11 sinks, or when the tube seal 11a of the floating lid 11 falls off, it is necessary to take fire prevention measures. In the “fire extinguishing and fire prevention equipment” of the “fixed roof tank with internal floating lid” of the present invention, the injection hose 16 is connected to the mounting flange 37 of the injection port 13, and the fire hydrant 40 is applied to the foam fire extinguishing agent from the stock solution transport vehicle 39. Water is mixed with the chemical fire engine 41 and foamed with the foaming device 42 and then injected. The injected foamed foam fire-extinguishing agent aqueous solution floats and expands on the upper surface of the flammable and combustible liquid exposed on the floating lid 11 from the discharge port 12 to form a seal layer.

  As described above, the flammable and combustible liquid exposed on the floating lid 11 of the tank is covered with the foamed foam fire-extinguishing chemical aqueous solution, and the worker is not working on the tank roof, and is outside the explosion limit range from the ground. Can be safely fired.

  FIG. 11 is explanatory drawing which shows the fire extinguishing equipment by the foam of the “fixed roof tank with an internal floating lid” of the present invention. When the floating lid 11 is damaged, when the floating lid 11 sinks, or when the tube seal 11a of the floating lid 11 falls off, between the fixed roof 19 and the flammable and combustible liquid exposed on the floating lid 11 Conventionally, when a fire occurs in the gas phase, it is difficult to extinguish the fire with a fire-fighting vehicle due to the fixed roof 19, and the floating lid 11 is obstructed even if foamed foam fire-extinguishing chemical aqueous solution is supplied from the inside of the tank. It was difficult. In the present invention, the injection hose 16 is connected to the mounting flange 37 of the injection port 13, the water from the fire hydrant 40 is mixed with the foam fire-extinguishing agent from the stock solution transport vehicle 39 by the chemical fire engine 41, and foaming is performed by the foamer 42. And then inject. The injected foamed foam fire-extinguishing agent aqueous solution floats and expands on the upper surface of the flammable and combustible liquid exposed on the floating lid 11 from the discharge port 12 to form a seal layer.

  In addition, although the said description demonstrated the example foamed with a foamer using air, it is not restricted to this, You may foam using an inert gas, The foam fire extinguishing agent foamed with the inert gas Releases aqueous solution, suppresses the fire quickly compared with air foam, and can extinguish vent fire and fish mouth fire.

  The “fire extinguishing and fire prevention equipment” of the “floating roof type tank” of the present invention is provided with a discharge port for discharging the foam fire extinguishing chemical aqueous solution foamed to the floating roof, and the foam fire extinguishing chemical aqueous solution foamed to the side plate manhole is provided in the tank. It is equipped with an injection port for injection, and the discharge port and the injection port are connected by a shape-retaining flexible tube, so that the “floating roof tank” can be extinguished without being affected by the rising airflow caused by wind or fire. Can be done effectively.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings illustrating an embodiment. FIG. 14 is an explanatory view showing the fire extinguishing situation of the “floating roof type tank” according to the present invention, and FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the internal configuration of the tank in the “fire extinguishing and fire prevention equipment” of the “floating roof type tank” of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing which notched the part. Here, the fire extinguishing equipment of the “floating roof tank” is for storing flammable and flammable liquid, and the floating roof 111 has a discharge port 112 for discharging the foamed foam fire-fighting chemical aqueous solution. The “floating roof tank” 100 includes an injection port 113 for injecting a foamed foam fire-extinguishing agent aqueous solution into a manhole of the side plate 100a. The discharge port 112 and the injection port 113 are formed of a shape-retaining flexible tube. 114 is connected. In addition, the foamed foam fire-extinguishing agent aqueous solution is foamed by air or an inert gas.

  In the present embodiment, the number of discharge ports 112 is one in the central portion of the floating roof 111, or the required number according to the tank diameter, so that the bubbles are evenly distributed throughout the floating roof with the central portion of the floating roof 111 as the center. It is attached. That is, since the range of bubbles that can be diffused per unit time from one discharge port 112 is limited, in order to diffuse bubbles over the entire surface of the floating roof 111 in a short time, the central portion of the floating roof 111 and its surroundings It is necessary to arrange them evenly. For example, it may be arranged at an equal central angle with one at the center and a predetermined radius.

Also in the present embodiment, the relationship described in the first embodiment is established with respect to the diameter (tank diameter) of the floating roof and the number and position of the discharge ports. Further, the backflow prevention mechanism installed at the opening end of the discharge port 112 can be the same as that described in the first embodiment.
Further, the flexible tube 114 described in the first embodiment can be used.
Further, the inlet 113 described in the first embodiment can be used.

  FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing a fire prevention situation due to bubbles in the “floating roof tank” of the present invention. For example, when an abnormality occurs in the tank and the floating roof 111 is damaged or the floating roof 111 sinks, it is necessary to take fire prevention measures. In the fire protection equipment of the “floating roof type tank” of the present invention, the injection hose 16 is connected to the mounting flange 37 of the inlet 113, and the water from the fire hydrant 40 is supplied to the foam fire-extinguishing agent from the stock solution transport vehicle 39 as a chemical fire truck. The mixture is mixed at 41 and foamed by the foaming device 42 and then injected. The injected foamed foam fire-extinguishing agent aqueous solution floats and develops on the upper surface of the flammable and combustible liquid exposed on the floating roof 111 from the discharge port 112 to form a seal layer.

  As described above, the flammable and combustible liquid overflowing on the floating roof of the tank can be covered with the foamed foam fire-extinguishing chemical aqueous solution, and fire can be reliably and efficiently fired quickly.

  FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing a fire extinguishing situation due to bubbles in the “floating roof tank” of the present invention. When the floating roof 111 is damaged, when the floating roof 111 sinks, or when a fire occurs with flammable or flammable liquid exposed on the floating roof 111, it is affected by the wind and the rising airflow caused by the fire, It was difficult to extinguish the fire, and even when the foamed foam extinguishing chemical aqueous solution was supplied from below the tank, the floating roof 111 was difficult to get in the way. In the present invention, the injection hose 16 is connected to the mounting flange 37 of the injection port 113, the water from the fire hydrant 40 is mixed with the foam fire-extinguishing agent from the stock solution transport vehicle 39 by the chemical fire engine 41, and foaming is performed by the foamer 42. And then inject. The injected foamed foam fire-extinguishing agent aqueous solution covers the upper surface of the flammable and flammable liquid overflowing on the floating roof 111 from the discharge port 112, or when the floating roof sinks, it floats and expands on the liquid surface and seals. Form a layer.

  In addition, although the said description demonstrated the example foamed with a foamer using air, it is not restricted to this, You may foam using an inert gas, The foam fire extinguishing agent foamed with the inert gas Since the aqueous solution is discharged and the fire combustion surface is covered with an inert gas, the fire can be suppressed and extinguished quickly compared to air foaming.

  According to the “fire extinguishing and fire prevention equipment” of the “floating roof type tank” as described above, the foamed fire extinguishing agent aqueous solution efficiently foamed on the floating roof without being affected by the rising airflow caused by wind or fire, Alternatively, it can float on the upper surface of the flammable and combustible liquid exposed to the atmosphere.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Fixed roof tank 10a with internal floating lid Side plate 11 Floating lid 11a Tube seal 12 Outlet 13 Inlet 14 Flexible pipe 16 Injection hose 17 Depressurizer 18 Pressure vessel vehicle 19 Fixed roof 20 Lid 21 Packing 22 Flange 23 Flange 24 Steel Wire 25 Reinforcing fiber 26 Oil resistant resin 27 Backflow prevention mechanism (pressure operated valve)
27a Lid 28 Release port 29 Insertion port 30 Guide piece 31 Guide bar 31a Retaining stopper 32 Compression spring 33 Manhole 34 Mounting tube 35 Insertion hole 37 Mounting flange 38 Mounting flange 39 Stock solution transport vehicle 40 Fire hydrant 41 Chemical fire engine 42 Foaming device 100 Floating roof Tank 100a Side plate 111 Floating roof 111a Tube seal 112 Discharge port 113 Inlet port 114

Claims (12)

Fire extinguishing and fire prevention equipment for fixed roof tanks with internal floating lids for storing flammable and flammable liquids,
The floating lid includes a discharge port for discharging an inert gas or a foamed foam fire-extinguishing agent aqueous solution,
The tank includes an inlet for injecting an inert gas or foamed foam fire-extinguishing agent aqueous solution into the side plate manhole,
A fire extinguishing and fireproofing facility for a fixed roof tank with an internal floating lid, wherein the discharge port and the injection port are connected by a shape-retaining flexible tube. Fire-fighting and fire prevention equipment for floating roof tanks for storing flammable and flammable liquids,
The floating roof includes a discharge port for discharging a foamed foam fire-extinguishing agent aqueous solution,
The tank includes an injection port for injecting a foam foam aqueous solution foamed into a side plate manhole,
The discharge port and the injection port are connected to each other by a shape-retaining flexible tube.   The fire extinguishing and fire prevention equipment for a fixed roof tank with an internal floating lid and a floating roof type tank according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the foamed foam fire-extinguishing chemical aqueous solution is foamed using air or an inert gas.   4. The fire extinguishing of the fixed roof tank with an internal floating lid and the floating roof type tank according to claim 1, wherein the discharge port is formed to rise from a top surface of the floating lid and the floating roof to a predetermined height. Fire prevention equipment.   The discharge port is provided with a backflow prevention mechanism, prevents liquid dangerous substances from entering from the discharge port, and is opened by the pressure of an inert gas supplied from a flexible tube or a foamed foam fire-extinguishing agent aqueous solution. The fire extinguishing and fire prevention equipment for a fixed roof tank with an internal floating lid and a floating roof type tank according to claim 1.   6. The fire extinguishing and fire prevention equipment for a fixed roof tank with an internal floating lid and a floating roof type tank according to claim 1, wherein one or a plurality of the discharge ports are provided according to a tank diameter.   One discharge port is provided at the center of the tank when the tank diameter A is small when comparing the tank diameter A and the diameter a of the circle in which the foamed bubble aqueous solution radiated from the discharge port spreads. Fire extinguishing and fire prevention equipment for a fixed roof tank with an internal floating lid and a floating roof type tank according to claim 1. When the tank diameter A is large when comparing the tank diameter A with the diameter a of the circle in which the foamed bubble aqueous solution radiated from the discharge port spreads,
At the contact point dn of the regular polygon C inscribed in the circle B, the regular polygon C inscribed in the circle B with the diameter A is drawn (provided that the length of one side of the regular polygon C is shorter than a). The circle bn is selected by selecting the circle having a larger area that overlaps the tank circle among the circles having a diameter a that passes through the adjacent contact points, and is equal to or greater than the circle E that passes through the centers of all the drawn circles bn. The diameter is the same as the center of the circle B, and the center of the circle B is a concentric circle F. The number of vertices of the regular polygon C is equal to or larger than the number of vertices. Fire extinguishing and fire prevention equipment for a fixed roof tank with an internal floating lid and a floating roof type tank according to claim 1. When the tank diameter A is large when comparing the tank diameter A with the diameter a of the circle in which the foamed bubble aqueous solution radiated from the discharge port spreads,
A circle bn having a diameter a is drawn around the position of the discharge port installed on the concentric circle F, and the normal length of the contact point of the adjacent circle bn and the normal line in the center direction of the circle B is 1/1 / A. If it is shorter than 2, it passes through all the contacts of the circle bn, draws a circle G having the same center as the center position of the circle B and smaller than the diameter of the circle B,
If the diameter of the circle G is smaller than a, install one outlet at the center of the circle B,
When the diameter of the circle G is larger than a, a regular polygon C inscribed in the circle B with the diameter A is drawn (provided that the length of one side of the regular polygon C is shorter than a and is the maximum). In the contact dn of the regular polygon C inscribed in the circle, the circle bn is drawn by selecting the circle having a larger area overlapping with the tank circle among the circles having the diameter a passing through the adjacent contacts and drawing all the drawn The diameter is equal to or larger than the circle E passing through the center of the circle bn, the circle having the same center as the center of the circle B is defined as the concentric circle F, the number equal to or greater than the number of vertices of the regular polygon C is defined as the quantity on the tank circle and the concentric circle F It installs in the position of a space | interval, The fire extinguishing and fire prevention equipment of the fixed roof tank with an internal floating cover and a floating roof type tank of Claims 1-6 characterized by the above-mentioned.   10. The fire extinguishing and fire prevention equipment for a fixed roof tank with an internal floating lid and a floating roof type tank according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the inlet is provided in a manhole for tank opening inspection. A method of extinguishing and preventing fire of a fixed roof tank with an internal floating lid for storing flammable and flammable liquids,
Provided with an outlet for discharging an inert gas or foamed foam fire-extinguishing agent aqueous solution into the floating lid, and provided with an inlet for injecting an inert gas or foamed foam fire-extinguishing agent aqueous solution into the side plate manhole of the tank, The discharge port and the injection port are connected by a shape-retaining flexible tube, and the flammable and combustible liquid exposed from the injection port to the fixed roof and the floating lid through the flexible tube and the discharge port. A fire extinguishing and fire-proofing method for a fixed roof tank with an internal floating lid, characterized in that an inert gas or a foamed foam fire-extinguishing chemical aqueous solution is supplied to a gas phase portion in between.   A fire extinguishing and fire prevention method for a floating roof tank for storing flammable and flammable liquids, comprising a discharge port for discharging foamed foam fire-extinguishing chemical aqueous solution to the floating roof, in a side plate manhole of the tank An injection port for injecting a foamed foam fire-extinguishing agent aqueous solution is provided, and the discharge port and the injection port are connected by a shape-retaining flexible tube, and exposed from the injection port through the flexible tube and the discharge port. A fire extinguishing and fire prevention method for a floating roof tank characterized by supplying a foamed foam fire-extinguishing chemical aqueous solution on the upper surface of the flammable and combustible liquid.

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