JP2011002828A - 改善されたフォトレセプタ界面層 - Google Patents
改善されたフォトレセプタ界面層 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2011002828A JP2011002828A JP2010132581A JP2010132581A JP2011002828A JP 2011002828 A JP2011002828 A JP 2011002828A JP 2010132581 A JP2010132581 A JP 2010132581A JP 2010132581 A JP2010132581 A JP 2010132581A JP 2011002828 A JP2011002828 A JP 2011002828A
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Classifications
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- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/14—Inert intermediate or cover layers for charge-receiving layers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
- G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
- G03G5/05—Organic bonding materials; Methods for coating a substrate with a photoconductive layer; Inert supplements for use in photoconductive layers
- G03G5/0528—Macromolecular bonding materials
- G03G5/0557—Macromolecular bonding materials obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsatured bonds
- G03G5/056—Polyesters
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
- G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
- G03G5/05—Organic bonding materials; Methods for coating a substrate with a photoconductive layer; Inert supplements for use in photoconductive layers
- G03G5/0528—Macromolecular bonding materials
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
- G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
- G03G5/05—Organic bonding materials; Methods for coating a substrate with a photoconductive layer; Inert supplements for use in photoconductive layers
- G03G5/0528—Macromolecular bonding materials
- G03G5/0596—Macromolecular compounds characterised by their physical properties
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Photoreceptors In Electrophotography (AREA)
Abstract
【解決手段】イメージング部材は、基材10と、基材10上に配置されたホールブロッキング層14と、ホールブロッキング層14上に配置された接着界面層16と、接着界面層16上に配置されたイメージング層と、を備え、接着界面層16は半結晶ポリエステル樹脂を含み、イメージング部材は可視光範囲で約0から約2%の光透過性を示し、支持基材10からの光干渉が実質的に低減される。
【選択図】図1
Description
イメージング部材の他の層としては、例えば、必要に応じて用いられるオーバーコート層32が挙げられる。必要に応じて用いられるオーバーコート層32は所望であれば、電荷輸送層20上に配置してもよく、イメージング部材表面保護が提供され、ならびに摩耗に対する抵抗性が改善される。実施形態では、オーバーコート層32は約0.1μmから約10μm、または約1μmから約10μm、特定の実施形態では約3μmの範囲の厚さを有してもよい。
フォトレセプタ支持基材10(以下「基材10」または「支持基材10」ともいう)は不透明であってもよく、または実質的に透明であってもよく、必要な機械的特性を有する任意の適した有機または無機材料を含んでもよい。基材全体は導電性表面中の材料と同じ材料を含むことができ、または導電性表面は基材上の単なるコーティングとすることができる。任意の適した導電性材料、例えば、金属または金属合金を使用することができる。導電性材料としては、銅、黄銅、ニッケル、亜鉛、クロム、ステンレス鋼、導電性プラスチック類およびゴム類、アルミニウム、半透明アルミニウム、鋼、カドミウム、銀、金、ジルコニウム、ニオブ、タンタル、バナジウム、ハフニウム、チタン、ニッケル、タングステン、モリブデン、適した材料をその中に含有させることにより、または湿性雰囲気を調製することにより十分な水量を確保させ材料を導電性とすることにより導電性にされた紙、インジウム、スズ、酸化スズおよび酸化スズインジウムを含む金属酸化物類、などが挙げられる。単一金属化合物または異なる金属類および/または酸化物類の二重層とすることができる。
導電性接地面12は、例えば、支持基材10上で任意の適したコーティング技術、例えば真空蒸着技術により形成させてもよい導電性金属層としてもよい。金属としては、アルミニウム、ジルコニウム、ニオブ、タンタル、バナジウム、ハフニウム、チタン、ニッケル、ステンレス鋼、クロム、タングステン、モリブデン、および他の導電性物質、ならびにそれらの混合物が挙げられる。導電層は、光電性(electrophotoconductive)部材に対して所望の光透過性およびフレキシビリティによって、実質的に広い範囲にわたって厚さが変動する可能性がある。したがって、フレキシブル光応答性イメージング装置では、導電層の厚さは、導電率、フレキシビリティおよび光透過率の最適な組み合わせのために、少なくとも約20Å、もしくは約750Å以下、または少なくとも約50Å、もしくは約200Å以下であってもよい。
導電性接地面層の堆積後、ホールブロッキング層14をそれに適用させてもよい。正に帯電されたフォトレセプタのための電子ブロッキング層ではフォトレセプタのイメージング表面からのホールが導電層に向かって移動することができる。負に帯電されたフォトレセプタでは、導電層から反対の光電導層へホールが注入されないように阻止するための障壁を形成することができる任意の適したホールブロッキング層を使用してもよい。ホールブロッキング層は、ポリマー類、例えば、ポリビニルブチラール、エポキシ樹脂類、ポリエステル類、ポリシロキサン類、ポリアミド類、ポリウレタンなどを含んでもよく、または窒素含有シロキサン類または窒素含有チタン化合物類、例えば、トリメトキシシリルプロピレンジアミン、加水分解トリメトキシシリルプロピルエチレンジアミン、N−β−(アミノエチル)γ−アミノ−プロピルトリメトキシシラン、イソプロピル4−アミノベンゼンスルホニル、ジ(ドデシルベンゼンスルホニル)チタネート、イソプロピルジ(4−アミノベンゾイル)イソステアロイルチタネート、イソプロピルトリ(N−エチルアミノ−エチルアミノ)チタネート、イソプロピルトリアントラニルチタネート、イソプロピルトリ(N,N−ジメチルエチルアミノ)チタネート、チタン−4−アミノベンゼンスルホネートオキシアセテート、チタン4−アミノベンゾエートイソステアレートオキシアセテート、[H2N(CH2)4]CH3Si(OCH3)2、(γ−アミノブチル)メチルジエトキシシラン、および[H2N(CH2)3]CH3Si(OCH3)2(γ−アミノプロピル)メチルジエトキシシランとしてもよい。
電荷発生層18をその後、アンダーコート層14に適用してもよい。不活性樹脂などの、膜形成バインダ中に粒子形態で分散されてもよい電荷発生/光導電性材料を含む任意の適した電荷発生バインダを使用してもよい。電荷発生材料の例としては、膜形成ポリマーバインダ中に分散された、例えば、無機光導電性材料、例えば、アモルファスセレン、三方晶セレン、ならびにセレン−テルル、セレン−テルル−ヒ素、ヒ化セレンおよびそれらの混合物からなる群より選択されたセレン合金類、ならびに有機光導電性材料、例えば、様々なフタロシアニン顔料類、例えば、無金属フタロシアニンのX−型、金属フタロシアニン類、例えばバナジルフタロシアニンおよび銅フタロシアニン、ヒドロキシガリウムフタロシアニン類、クロロガリウムフタロシアニン類、チタニルフタロシアニン類、キナクリドン類、ジブロモアンタントロン顔料類、ベンズイミダゾールペリレン、置換2,4−ジアミノ−トリアジン類、多環芳香族キノン類、ベンズイミダゾールペリレン、など、およびそれらの混合物が挙げられる。セレン、セレン合金、ベンズイミダゾールペリレン、など、およびそれらの混合物は、連続した均一な電荷発生層として形成させてもよい。光導電性層が電荷発生層の特性を増強する、または減少させる場合、多電荷発生層組成物を使用してもよい。所望であれば、当技術分野において公知の他の適した電荷発生材料もまた使用してもよい。選択した電荷発生材料は、静電潜像を形成させるために、電子写真イメージングプロセスにおける画像様放射線露光工程中、約400から約900nmの波長を有する活性化放射線感応性であるべきである。例えば、ヒドロキシガリウムフタロシアニンは約370から約950nmの波長の光を吸収する。
ドラムフォトレセプタでは、電荷輸送層は同じ組成の単一層を含む。そのようなものとして、電荷輸送層は具体的に単一層20の観点で以下記載されているが、その詳細は二重電荷輸送層の実施形態にも適用可能である。電荷輸送層20はその後、電荷発生層18上に適用され、電荷発生層18から光発生したホールまたは電子の注入を支持することができ、これらのホール/電子を電荷輸送層を通して輸送させ、イメージング部材表面上で表面電荷を選択的に除電させることができる任意の適した透明有機ポリマーまたは非ポリマー材料を含んでもよい。1つの実施形態では、電荷輸送層20はホールを輸送するように機能するだけでなく、電荷発生層18を摩耗または化学攻撃から保護し、これにより、イメージング部材の耐用年数を延長させる可能性がある。電荷輸送層20は実質的に非光導電性材料とすることができるが、電荷発生層18から光発生されたホールの注入を支持するものである。
(式中、Xはアルキル、アルコキシ、アリール、およびそれらの誘導体のような適した炭化水素、ハロゲン、またはそれらの混合物であり、特に、ClおよびCH3からなる群より選択される置換基である)、ならびに下記式の分子である:
(式中、X、YおよびZは独立してアルキル、アルコキシ、アリール、ハロゲン、またはそれらの混合物であり、ここで、YおよびZの少なくとも1つが存在する)。
ある構造、例えば、フレキシブルウエブ構造では別個の接着界面層16を提供してもよい。図1で示した実施形態では、界面層はブロッキング層14と電荷発生層18との間に配置される。界面層はコポリエステル樹脂を含んでもよい。界面層のために使用してもよい例示的なポリエステル樹脂類としては、ポリアリーレートポリビニルブチラール類、例えばトヨタスツ社(Toyota Hsutsu Inc.)から市販されているアルデルポリアリーレート(ARDEL POLYARYLATE)(U−100)、全てボスティック(Bostik)由来のヴィッテルPE−100、ヴィッテルPE−200、ヴィッテルPE−200D、およびヴィッテルPE−222、ロームハース(Rohm Hass)由来の49,000ポリエステル、ならびにポリビニルブチラールなどが挙げられる。接着界面層は直接ホールブロッキング層14に適用してもよい。このように、実施形態における接着界面層は、下にあるホールブロッキング層14と上にある電荷発生層18の両方に直接隣接して接触し、接着結合を増強させ、連結を提供する。さらに別の実施形態では、接着界面層は完全に省略される。
グラウンドストリップは、膜形成ポリマーバインダと、導電性粒子とを含んでもよい。任意の適した導電性粒子を導電性グラウンドストリップ19において使用してもよい。導電性粒子としては、カーボンブラック、グラファイト、銅、銀、金、ニッケル、タンタル、クロム、ジルコニウム、バナジウム、ニオブ、酸化スズインジウムなどが挙げられる。導電性粒子は任意の適した形状を有してもよい。形状としては、不規則、粒状、球状、楕円、立方体、フレーク、繊維などが挙げられる。導電性粒子は、導電性グラウンドストリップ層が過度に不規則な外表面を有することを回避するために導電性グラウンドストリップ層の厚さよりも小さな粒子サイズを有するべきである。約10μm未満の平均粒子サイズにより一般に、乾燥グラウンドストリップ層の外表面での導電性粒子の過剰な突出が回避され、乾燥グラウンドストリップ層のマトリクス全体にわたって粒子のかなり均一な分散が確保される。グラウンドストリップ中で使用される導電性粒子の濃度は、使用する特定の導電性粒子の導電率などの因子に依存する。
カール防止バックコーティング1は、電気的に絶縁性であり、またはわずかに半導電性である有機ポリマー類または無機ポリマー類を含んでもよい。カール防止バックコーティングは平坦性および/または耐摩耗性を提供する。
Claims (4)
- 基材と、
前記基材上に配置された電荷ブロッキング層と、
前記電荷ブロッキング層上に配置された界面層と、
前記界面層上に配置されたイメージング層と、
を備え、
前記界面層は半結晶ポリエステル樹脂を含み、前記基材からの光干渉が実質的に低減される、イメージング部材。 - 前記樹脂が、アジピン酸をエチレングリコールおよび1,4−シクロヘキサンジメタノールと反応させることにより調製される、請求項1記載のイメージング部材。
- 前記アジピン酸は約30から約70モル%の量で存在し、前記エチレングリコールは約1から約20モル%の量で存在し、前記1,4−シクロヘキサンジメタノールは約20から約60モル%の量で存在し、総量は100%である、請求項2記載のイメージング部材。
- 基材と、
前記基材上に配置された電荷ブロッキング層と、
前記電荷ブロッキング層上に配置された界面層と、
前記界面層上に配置されたイメージング層と、
を備えるイメージング部材であって、
前記界面層は前記界面層全体に分散された半結晶ポリエステル樹脂を含み、前記イメージング部材は可視光範囲で約0から約2%の光透過性を示す、イメージング部材。
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US12/485,834 US8273512B2 (en) | 2009-06-16 | 2009-06-16 | Photoreceptor interfacial layer |
US12/485,834 | 2009-06-16 |
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JP2011002828A true JP2011002828A (ja) | 2011-01-06 |
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EP2264538B1 (en) | 2016-04-20 |
US20100316410A1 (en) | 2010-12-16 |
JP5547557B2 (ja) | 2014-07-16 |
US8273512B2 (en) | 2012-09-25 |
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