JP2010537990A - アルコール中毒および薬物嗜癖の処置のための医薬の組み合わせ - Google Patents
アルコール中毒および薬物嗜癖の処置のための医薬の組み合わせ Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
この出願は、米国特許法§119(e)の下、2007年8月27日に出願された米国仮特許出願第60/966,265号への優先権を得る権利がある。上記特許出願の全体の開示は、参考として本明細書に援用される。
本発明は、一部、National Institute of Health助成金第AA012964号および第AA13074号の下、米国政府の支援によってなされた。米国政府は、本発明に特定の権利を有する。
本発明は一般に、嗜癖関連疾患および障害ならびに衝動調節障害、特にアルコール関連疾患および障害を治療するための併用療法の使用に関するものである。
3つの主要な論点によって、アルコール依存の治療のための心理社会的または行動療法を補助する薬物の開発に対する科学的な関心が広まってきた。第1に、アルコール依存者の最大半分が、解毒、心理社会的、または行動治療の直後に再発する。第2に、神経科学の進歩は、アルコール乱用傾向と関連するアルコールの報酬効果の一部に介在する中間皮質辺縁系経路内の神経伝達物質系などの、複数の標的神経伝達物質系と関係している。このようなニューロン系に対抗するように設計された選択的薬剤によって、アルコール依存の治療の有効性が向上され得る。第3に、一部のアルコール依存者は、そのアルコール依存者に疾患の素因を与える生物学的異常を有することがある。このような生物学的に脆弱なアルコール依存者は、隠れた異常の矯正または緩和を目標とする特定の補助薬剤から恩恵を得ることがある。このような異常は複数の神経伝達物質を含むため、特定の系を標的とする薬剤の併用は、影響を受けた1つの経路のみの治療が単独でもたらすよりも、良好な臨床成績をもたらすことがある。それゆえ、多様なタイプのアルコール依存者のための併用に匹敵する最適な治療剤を得ることは、なお重要な研究目標である。
5−HT−セロトニン
5−HT3−セロトニン受容体のサブタイプ、セロトニン−3受容体
5−HTOL−5−ヒドロキシトリプトフォール
ADE−アルコール除去効果
ASPD−反社会的人格障害
BBCET−短期行動コンプライアンス向上治療
BED−過食症
b.i.d.−1日2回
BRENDA−生物社会心理的、報告、感情移入、要求、直接助言および評価
CBI−併用行動介入
CBT−認知行動対処技能療法、認知行動療法とも呼ばれる
CDT−糖鎖欠損トランスフェリン
CMDA−皮質−中脳辺縁系ドーパミン
DA−ドーパミン
DSM−精神障害の診断・統計マニュアル
EOA−早発性アルコール症(者)
GABA−γ−アミノ−酪酸(γ−アミノ酪酸およびγ−アミノ酪酸とも呼ばれる)
GGT−γ−グルタミン酸転移酵素
ICD−衝動調節障害
IP−腹腔内
LOA−遅発性アルコール症(者)
MET−モチベーション向上療法
MM−医学的管理
NAc−側坐核(nACCとも呼ばれる)
ナルトレキソン−μオピオイド受容体アンタゴニスト
NMDA−N−メチル−D−アスパルテート
NOS−特定不能
オンダンセトロン(ゾフラン(登録商標))−セロトニン受容体アンタゴニスト
P−アルコール嗜好ラット
SSRI−選択的セロトニン再取り込み阻害薬
トピラメート(トパマックス(登録商標))−抗痙攣薬
TSF−12段階促進療法(たとえばアルコール中毒者更生会)
VTA−腹側被蓋領域 。
本発明を説明・請求するにあたって、次の用語は下に述べる定義に従って使用されるであろう。別途定義しない限り、本明細書で使用するすべての技術・科学用語は、本発明が属する分野の当業者によって通常理解されるのと同じ意味を有する。本明細書に記載されているのと同様または同等の任意の方法および物質は本発明の実施または試験で使用可能であるが、好ましい方法および物質を本明細書に記載する。本明細書で使用するように、次の各用語は、この節でその用語と関連する意味を有する。ラジカル、置換基、および範囲について下に挙げた特定のおよび好ましい値は例示のためだけであり、他の定義された値またはラジカルおよび置換基についてまたは定義された範囲内の他の値を除外するものではない。
「嗜癖障害」は、これに限定されないが、摂食障害、肥満関連障害、衝動調節障害、アルコール関連障害、ニコチン関連障害、アンフェタミン関連障害、メタンフェタミン関連障害、カンナビス関連障害、コカイン関連障害、ギャンブル、性的障害、幻覚薬使用障害、吸入薬関連障害、ベンゾジアゼピン乱用または依存関連障害、およびオピオイド関連障害を含む。
I.小型脂肪族、非極性またはわずかに極性の残基:
Ala、Ser、Thr、Pro、Gly;
II.極性、負に帯電した残基およびそのアミド:
Asp、Asn、Glu、Gln;
III.極性、正に帯電した残基:
His、Arg、Lys;
IV.大型、脂肪族、非極性残基:
Met Leu、Ile、Va、Cys
V.大型、芳香族残基:
Phe、Tyr、Trp
本発明のペプチド化合物を記述するために使用される命名法は、アミノ基が左に、カルボキシ基が各アミノ酸残基の右に示される、従来の慣例に従う。本発明の選択した特定の実施形態を示す式において、アミノ−およびカルボキシ−末端基は、特に示されていないが、別途規定しない限り、それらが生理的pH値をとる形であることが理解されるであろう。
1.ペプチジル−−C(O)NR−−結合(結合)の1つ以上が−−CH2−カルバメート結合(−−CH2OC(O)NR−−)、ホスホネート結合、−CH2−スルホンアミド(−CH2−−S(O)2NR−−)結合、尿素(−−NHC(O)NH−−) 結合、−−CH2−2級アミン結合などの非ペプチジル結合によって、またはRがC1−C4アルキルである、アルキル化ペプチジル結合(−−C(O)NR−−)によって置換されたペプチド;
2.N末端が−−NRR1基に、−−NRC(O)R基に、−−NRC(O)OR基に、−−NRS(O)2R基に、−−NHC(O)NHR基に誘導体化され、式中、RおよびR1が両方とも水素ではないという条件で、RおよびR1が水素またはC1−C4アルキルである、ペプチド;
3.C末端が−−C(O)R2に誘導体化され、式中、R2はC1−C4アルコキシ、および−−NR3R4からなる群より選択され、R3およびR4は、水素およびC1−C4アルキルから成る群より独立して選択される、ペプチド。
本明細書で使用するように、「ハロゲン」または「ハロ」という用語は、ブロモ、クロロ、フルオロ、およびヨードを含む。
本発明は、嗜癖および強迫性疾患および障害、特定のアルコール関連疾患および障害を治療する薬物または化合物の併用の使用を含む。本発明は、心理社会的管理療法、催眠、および鍼治療などの補助治療および療法の使用をさらに含む。
共力薬:プロアジフェンヒドロクロライド。
心理社会的介入および管理
本発明の薬物併用治療は、対象に短期行動コンプライアンス向上治療(BBCET)などのある形態の心理社会的介入および/または管理を与えることによってさらに補うことができる。BBCET、すなわち標準化された、マニュアル指導式の短期間(すなわち約15分で与えられる)の心理社会的順守性向上手順によって、薬剤コンプライアンスが参加者の飲酒行動を変化させるために不可欠であることが強調される(Johnsonら、Brief Behavioral Compliance Enhancement Treatment(BBCET)manual.In:Johnson BA,Ruiz P,Galanter M,eds.Handbook of clinical alcoholism treatment.Baltimore,MD:Lippincott Williams & Wilkins;2003,282−301)。BBCETなどの短期介入(Edwardsら、J.Stud.Alcohol.1977,38:1004−1031)は、アルコール依存の治療に有益であることが示されてきた。BBCETは、精神保健研究所の共同うつ病試験の臨床管理条件に基づいてモデル化され、その研究の薬剤条件の補助として使用された(Fawcettら、Psychopharmacol Bull.1987,23:309−324)。BBCETは、アルコール依存を治療するためのトピラメートの単一施設および多施設有効性試験での心理社会的治療プラットフォームとしてうまく使用されている(Johnsonら、Lancet.2003,361:1677−1685;Johnsonら、JAMA,2007,298:1641−1651)。BBCETは、ナースプラクティショナーおよび他の非専門家を含む、訓練された臨床家によって与えられる。BBCET提供の一様性および一貫性は、進行中の訓練および監督によって保証される。BBCETは、著作権で保護された資料である(Johnsonら、Brief Behavioral Compliance Enhancement Treatment(BBCET)manual.In:Johnson BA,Ruiz P,Galanter M,eds.Handbook of clinical alcoholism treatment.Baltimore,MD:Lippincott Williams & Wilkins;2003,282−301)。
本明細書に記載する本試験は特に:a)EOAおよびLOAの治療におけるオンダンセトロンの有効性;b)EOAのセロトニン作動機能がLOAとは異なること;c)発症年齢がアルコール依存のサブタイプで識別されること;d)非ヒト霊長類でのアルコール飲酒に対するナルトレキソンの効果;e)ヒトでの飲酒に対するナルトレキソンの効果;f)オンダンセトロンおよびナルトレキソンの併用がEOAの治療で臨床的に安全および有効であること;ならびにg)推定上の治療薬の有効性を試験するための心理社会的プラットフォームとしての、認知行動療法に関する我々の専門知識の根拠;を証明する。
本明細書では、EOAの飲酒結果がLOAと比較した、選択的セロトニンアンタゴニストのオンダンセトロンによってより改善されるであろうことを仮定した。EOAは、より高いセロトニン作動性異常、より早い年齢での発症および反社会的行動により、LOAとは異なる。それゆえ、EOAは選択的セロトニン様因子による治療に対して特に応答性であり得る。
本試験は、アルコール依存者の発症年齢が若ければ若いほど、その依存者が衝動性などの5−HT障害に関連する行動問題および広範囲の反社会的行動をより発症しやすい(まさにEOAにかかりやすいタイプの個人)という仮説に基づいて実施した。
我々は、治療を求めるアルコール依存者58名(男性=42名)で血漿TRYP/LNAA比の関係を試験した。対象は、平均の:a)暦年齢41.5(標準偏差8.3)歳;b)発症年齢24.2(標準偏差9.7)歳;およびc)疾病の平均期間17.3(標準偏差8.9)年を有していた。手短に言えば、発症年齢は、血漿TRYP/LNAA比と有意および正に相関していた(0.292;p<0.05);このことはアルコール依存のより早期の発症とトリプトファン利用能との関連に一致している。さらに、血漿TRYP/LNAA比は、嗜癖重症度指標での法律上の問題(0.313;p<0.05)および気質性格検査(TCI)の自己志向性(0.287;p<0.05)と正に相関していた。しかし、血漿TRYP/LNAA比は、TCIの危険回避(0.351;p<0.05)および気分プロフィール検査の活気(−0.260;p<0.05)と負に相関していた。さらに、反社会的人格障害(ASPD)とさらに診断されたアルコール依存者は、ASPDのないアルコール依存者よりも比較的低いTRYP/LNAA比を有していた(平均0.019±0.0067対0.018 0.±007;それぞれp<0.05)。これらの結果は、低い5−HT機能および若年齢でのアルコール依存発症ならびに関連する反社会的行動の間の関連を見出した他者の結果と一致していた。
アルコール依存治療のための我々のオンダンセトロン有効性試験に組入れられたアルコール依存者のコホート(N=253)において、我々は、包括的な一連の精神病理学的変数を使用して3つの群の間のベースライン差を試験した。これらの解析は、2つの別個のモデルを使用して実施した。最初に、我々は下位分類のために、すなわち区別のための年齢制限が≦20または≦25歳のどちらであるかに応じて、EOAおよびLOAを比較することによって、異なる発症年齢を特定する影響について調査した。第2に、我々は、中間発症群(MOA)を含めることによって、発症年齢を連続変数として調査した、すなわちEOA≦20歳;MOA=20−25歳、およびLOA>25歳。
非ヒト霊長類での試験は、ナルトレキソンがアルコール飲酒の用量依存性減少に関連していることを示す。反対側の図から、定比率強化スケジュールでの非絶食アカゲザル3匹において、ナルトレキソン用量(g/kg)の増加によってアルコール消費の用量依存性低下(8%w/v)が生じたことがわかる。これらの3時間のセッションの間に、水およびアルコールの両方が同時に利用可能であった。これらの結果は、アルコール依存の治療薬剤としてのナルトレキソンの臨床上の証拠を裏付ける。しかし時間経過データは、ナルトレキソンの非特異的薬理効果が飲酒行動を減少させるその能力で重要な役割を果たすことも示している(図3を参照)。
我々は非盲検試験で、アルコール依存の治療のおけるオピオイドアンタゴニストのナルトレキソンの有効性を評価した。アルコール依存者の最大92%がニコチンにも同時依存しているため、我々のコホートには二重依存の個人を含んでいた。ナルトレキソンは、アルコール依存の治療での有用性を示唆する証拠と、オピオイド−DA相互作用がニコチンの強化効果を介在し得るいくつかの証拠のために選択された。地方新聞の広告により、我々は対象10名(男性6名および女性4名;年齢40±2.56歳)を試験に組入れた。患者はすべて、アルコールおよびニコチン依存の両方でDSM III−R基準を満足していた。患者は、治療目標が試験終了までの禁酒であることを説明された。患者は、リボフラビントレーサを付けたマークのないカプセルに入れたナルトレキソン(50mg/日)を8週の期間にわたって投与された。毎週の出席には、アルコールおよびニコチン依存の対処技能療法、訪問看護、および評価スケールの完成が含まれていた。結果により、アルコール消費の著しい低下(3.29±2.16ドリンク/日対2.16±1.88ドリンク/日;p<0.05)、および喫煙の目に見える減少(タバコ21.10±5.57本/日対タバコ15.93±3.09本/日)があることが示された。Oアルコール消費およびニコチンの客観的な生化学尺度(33%から54%の尿ニコチン)、および渇望は同様の傾向を示しいずれの患者も、臨床的に有意なニコチン脱離症状を報告しなかった。30%の脱落率は、アルコール依存の薬剤試験で観察された脱落率と同様であった。この試験は、ナルトレキソンがアルコール依存治療のための認知行動療法の有用な補助薬であるという臨床上の証拠を裏付ける。ナルトレキソンのタバコ喫煙に対する効果は小さいように思われるが、さらなる調査が保証され得る。.
f)EOAの治療でのオンダンセトロンおよびナルトレキソンの併用の安全性および有効性
8週間の二重盲検臨床試験において、我々はアルコール依存治療に対するオンダンセトロン(4μg/kg)+ナルトレキソン(50mg/日)対プラセボの安全性および有効性を試験した。我々は、DSM−IV診断されたEOA 20名(男性=15名、女性=5名;平均年齢38.0±1.78歳;民族−白色人種=12、ヒスパニック=8)。毎週のマニュアル指導式認知行動療法のセッションに加えて、これらの対象のうち10名に併用薬剤を投与し、残り(N=10)にプラセボを投与した。すべての対象は、組入れ時に「現在飲酒して」いた。便秘症であり、薬剤併用を投与された対象1名のみが、「最小」を超えて評価された試験薬剤に起因する何らかの副作用を報告した。最小限の悪心および疲労と便秘が、薬剤併用を投与された2名と3名の対象によってそれぞれ報告された。これに対して、最小限の頭痛と便秘が、プラセボの対象4名と2名でそれぞれ報告された。いずれの副作用も、毎週の試験来診の間に持続することはなく、医療的介入を必要としなかった。副作用のために試験から脱落した対象はいなかった。これらのデータから、治療群間の副作用プロファイルの臨床的差異はなかった。このことは、オンダンセトロン+ナルトレキソンの副作用プロファイルが良性であり、プラセボと著しく異なりにくいことを示唆するであろう。
出願人は、推定上の治療化合物の有効性を評価するための心理社会的基盤としての認知行動療法の使用経験がかなりある。一例として、大規模多施設臨床試験に参加している我々の施設による結果を下に示す。Dr.Johnsonは、この多施設試験から得られた論文の主著者であった(図5を参照)。
図7は、約8週間の開始および漸減期間に合せた組入れ率および予測完了率の代表的な例である。電話スクリーニング手順は、我々の研究に適格な対象を識別するのに非常に有効である。大半の対象は、電話スクリーニング段階で試験から除外された。電話スクリーンで適格性基準を満足するように思われ、インテーク面接に現れる人々のうちで、これらの30%未満が組入れから除外される。インテーク時の除外の最も一般的な利用は、異常な臨床検査、および/または他の重大な健康上の問題である。
動物モデルを使用するアルコール依存の潜在的な治療としてのトピラメートおよびナルトレキソンの併用投与の検討
図8は、アルコール嗜好(P)ラットのアルコール消費に対するトピラメート(5および10mg/kg、腹腔内)およびナルトレキソン(1mg/kg、腹腔内)の併用効果を示す。トピラメート単独のみがアルコール消費を中程度に低下させるが(10mg/kgにおいて、しかしこの効果はまだ重大でない)、アルコール消費に単独では影響を及ぼさないナルトレキソンの用量と併用したときに、両方のトピラメート用量でのアルコール消費について、ベースラインからの著しい低下が観察された(図8を参照)。ビヒクル注射後には有意差は観察されなかった。データはベースライン消費からの変化としてプロットされ、各データ点はラット8匹の平均(±標準誤差)を表す。
本明細書で記載する神経制御機構を図9に図式的に示す。
動物モデルを使用するアルコール依存の潜在的な治療としてのオンダンセトロン、トピラメート、およびナルトレキソンの併用投与の検討
アルコール依存のヒトを治療するのに有効であることが示されている薬剤である、オンダンセトロン、トピラメート、およびナルトレキソンのアルコール依存尺度に対する効果を、これらの薬剤が併用されたときに相加効果を生成し得るか否かを判定するために、動物モデルで判定した。実験は、ラットがアルコール溶液(10%)および水に無制限にアクセスする、24時間アクセス2ボトル選択手順での総消費量を調節するそれらの能力を検討した。図10は、アルコール嗜好ラットのアルコール消費に対する、トピラメート(10mg/kg、腹腔内)、オンダンセトロン(0.001mg/kg、腹腔内)、およびナルトレキソン(1mg/kg、腹腔内)の併用効果を示す。トピラメート単独はアルコール消費で中程度の低下を生じたが(図10A;たとえばベースラインから12%±8%の低下)、ナルトレキソンおよびアルコール消費に単独では影響を及ぼさないオンダンセトロンの用量と併用したときに(図10B)、2ボトル24時間消費手順で測定したように、アルコール消費に対してベースラインからの強く持続的な低下が観察された(図10D−トピラメート+オンダンセトロン;図10E−トピラメート+オンダンセトロン+ナルトレキソン、たとえばベースラインから28%±5%の低下)。データは連続7回のセッションにわたってプロットされ、連続7回のセッションは、3日間のベースライン期間、化合物が投与された試験セッション、ならびに試験セッションに続く3回のセッションを含む。各データ点は、少なくとも6匹のラットの平均(±標準誤差)を表す。データは、各薬物それぞれと比べて、トピラメート/オンダンセトロン/ナルトレキソンの相加的な有益効果を示唆している。
Claims (144)
- 嗜癖疾患または障害をその必要がある対象において治療または予防する方法であって、前記方法が前記対象に、セロトニン様因子、セロトニンアンタゴニスト、選択的セロトニン再取り込み阻害薬、セロトニン受容体アンタゴニスト、オピオイドアンタゴニスト、ドーパミン作動剤、ドーパミン放出阻害薬、ドーパミンアンタゴニスト、ノルエピネフリンアンタゴニスト、γ−アミノ−酪酸アゴニスト、γ−アミノ−酪酸阻害薬、γ−アミノ−酪酸受容体アンタゴニスト、γ−アミノ−酪酸チャネルアンタゴニスト、グルタミン酸アゴニスト、グルタミン酸アンタゴニスト、グルタミンアゴニスト、グルタミンアンタゴニスト、抗痙攣剤、N−メチル−D−アスパルテート遮断剤、カルシウムチャネルアンタゴニスト、炭酸脱水酵素阻害薬、ニューロキニン、小型分子、ペプチド、ビタミン、補助因子、およびコルチコステロイド放出因子アンタゴニストからなる群より選択される少なくとも3つの化合物、またはその生物的に活性な類似体、誘導体、修飾体、もしくは薬学的に受容可能な塩の有効量を投与するステップと、場合により少なくとも1つのさらなる治療上活性な化合物を投与するステップを含み、それにより対象の嗜癖疾患または障害を治療または予防する、方法。
- 前記対象がヒトである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記嗜癖疾患および障害がアルコール関連疾患および障害、肥満関連疾患または障害、摂食障害、衝動調節障害、ニコチン関連障害、アンフェタミン関連障害、メタンフェタミン関連障害、カンナビス関連障害、コカイン関連障害、幻覚薬使用障害、吸入薬関連障害、ベンゾジアゼピン乱用または依存関連障害、およびオピオイド関連障害からなる群より選択される、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記嗜癖疾患および障害がアルコール関連疾患および障害である、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記アルコール関連疾患または障害が早発性アルコール症、遅発性アルコール症、妄想を伴うアルコール誘発精神病性障害、アルコール乱用、大量飲酒、過剰飲酒、アルコール中毒、アルコール離脱症状、アルコール中毒せん妄、アルコール離脱せん妄、アルコール誘発持続性認知症、アルコール誘発持続性健忘障害、アルコール依存、幻覚を伴うアルコール誘発精神障害、アルコール誘発気分障害、アルコール誘発または関連双極性障害、アルコール誘発または関連心的外傷後ストレス障害、アルコール誘発不安障害、アルコール誘発性機能障害、アルコール誘発睡眠障害、アルコール誘発または関連ギャンブル障害、アルコール誘発または関連性的障害、特定不能アルコール関連障害、アルコール中毒、およびアルコール離脱症状からなる群より選択される、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記治療が前記治療前の頻度と比較して、または前記治療を受けていない対照対象と比較してアルコール消費の頻度を低下させる、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記アルコール消費が大量飲酒または過剰飲酒を含む、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記治療が前記治療前の消費アルコール量と比較して、または前記治療を受けていない対照対象と比較して消費アルコール量を減少させる、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記アルコール消費が大量飲酒または過剰飲酒を含む、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記治療が前記治療を受けていない対照対象と比較してアルコール消費に関連する身体的または心理的続発症を改善する、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記治療が前記治療を受けていない対照対象と比較して前記対象の禁酒率を上昇させる、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記治療が前記治療前のレベルと比較して、または前記治療を受けていない対照対象と比較してアルコール消費の平均レベルを低下させる、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記治療が前記治療前のアルコール消費および禁酒と比較して、または前記治療を受けていない対照対象と比較してアルコール消費を減少させ、禁酒を上昇させる、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記対象が早発性アルコール症または遅発性アルコール症の素因を含む、請求項5に記載の方法。
- さらに前記対象が心理社会的管理プログラムを受けている、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記心理社会的管理プログラムが短期行動コンプライアンス向上治療、認知行動対処技能療法、モチベーション向上療法、12段階促進療法、併用行動介入、医学的管理、精神分析、精神力動治療、ならびに生物社会心理的、報告、感情移入、要求、直接助言および評価からなる群より選択される、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記対象が催眠および鍼治療をさらに受けている、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも3つの化合物のうちの少なくとも1つが少なくとも週1回投与される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも3つの化合物のうちの少なくとも1つが少なくとも1日1回投与される、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも3つの化合物のうちの少なくとも1つがセロトニン受容体アンタゴニストである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記セロトニン受容体がセロトニン−3受容体である、請求項20に記載の方法。
- 3つの化合物が前記対象に投与される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも3つの化合物が別々に投与される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも3つの化合物の第1の化合物が、前記少なくとも3つの化合物の第2の化合物が投与される前に投与される、請求項23に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも3つの化合物の第1の化合物、第2の化合物、および第3の化合物がほぼ同時に投与される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも3つの化合物の第1の化合物が、前記少なくとも3つの化合物の第2または第3の化合物の投与に続いて投与される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも3つの化合物が薬学的組成物として投与される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも3つの化合物が経口、局所、経直腸、筋肉内、粘膜内、および静脈内からなる群より選択される経路を介して投与される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも3つの化合物が経口経路を介して投与される、請求項28に記載の方法。
- 請求項1に記載の少なくとも3つの化合物、またはその生物的に活性な類似体、ホモログ、誘導体、修飾体、もしくは薬学的に受容可能な塩、および薬学的に受容可能な担体を含む薬学的組成物。
- 前記組成物がトピラメート、オンダンセトロン、およびナルトレキソン、およびその生物的に活性な類似体、ホモログ、誘導体、修飾体、または薬学的に受容可能な塩の有効量を含む、請求項30に記載の薬学的組成物。
- 前記少なくとも3つの化合物のうちの少なくとも1つが制御放出製剤として投与される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも3つの化合物のうちの3つがトピラメート、オンダンセトロン、およびナルトレキソン、またはその生物的に活性な類似体、ホモログ、誘導体、修飾体、もしくは薬学的に受容可能な塩である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 3つの化合物、またはその生物的に活性な類似体、ホモログ、誘導体、修飾体、もしくは薬学的に受容可能な塩が投与される、請求項33に記載の方法。
- 少なくとも1つのさらなる治療上活性な化合物が投与される、請求項33に記載の方法。
- トピラメートが約15mg/日〜約2500mg/日の範囲の投薬量で投与される、請求項33に記載の方法。
- トピラメートが約25mg/日〜約1000mg/日の範囲の投薬量で投与される、請求項36に記載の方法。
- トピラメートが約50mg/日〜約500mg/日の範囲の投薬量で投与される、請求項37に記載の方法。
- トピラメートが約300mg/日または約275mg/日の投薬量で投与される、請求項38に記載の方法。
- トピラメートが約0.1mg/kg/日〜約100mg/kg/日の範囲の投薬量で投与される、請求項33に記載の方法。
- トピラメートが約300mg/日の用量で投与される、請求項36に記載の方法。
- トピラメートが少なくとも週1回投与される、請求項33に記載の方法。
- トピラメートが少なくとも1日1回投与される、請求項42に記載の方法。
- ナルトレキソンが適用ごとに約1.0mg〜適用ごとに約100mgの範囲の投薬量で投与される、請求項33に記載の方法。
- ナルトレキソンが適用ごとに約10mg〜適用ごとに約50mgの範囲の投薬量で投与される、請求項44に記載の方法。
- ナルトレキソンが適用ごとに約25mgの投薬量で投与される、請求項45に記載の方法。
- ナルトレキソンが少なくとも週1回投与される、請求項33に記載の方法。
- ナルトレキソンが少なくとも1日1回投与される、請求項47に記載の方法。
- ナルトレキソンが少なくとも1日2回投与される、請求項48に記載の方法。
- ナルトレキソンが1日2回投与される、請求項49に記載の方法。
- オンダンセトロンが適用ごとに約0.01μg/kg〜適用ごとに約100μg/kgの範囲の投薬量で投与される、請求項33に記載の方法。
- オンダンセトロンが適用ごとに約0.1μg/kg〜適用ごとに約10.0μg/kgの範囲の投薬量で投与される、請求項51に記載の方法。
- オンダンセトロンが適用ごとに約1.0μg/kg〜適用ごとに約5.0μg/kgの範囲の投薬量で投与される、請求項52に記載の方法。
- オンダンセトロンが適用ごとに約4.0μg/kgまたは適用ごとに約3.0μg/kgの投薬量で投与される、請求項53に記載の方法。
- オンダンセトロンが少なくとも週1回投与される、請求項33に記載の方法。
- オンダンセトロンが少なくとも1日1回投与される、請求項33に記載の方法。
- オンダンセトロンが1日1回投与される、請求項56に記載の方法。
- トピラメートが約300mg/日の投薬量で投与され、オンダンセトロンは適用ごとに約4.0μg/kgの投薬量で投与され、ナルトレキソンは適用ごとに約25mgの投薬量で投与される、請求項33に記載の方法。
- トピラメートが約300mg/日の投薬量で投与され、オンダンセトロンは適用ごとに約4.0μg/kgの投薬量で投与され、ナルトレキソンは適用ごとに約25mgの投薬量で投与される、請求項34に記載の方法。
- さらに助言が前記対象に与えられる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- さらに前記助言が書面、電子、または対人からなる群より選択される形式で与えられる、請求項60に記載の方法。
- 前記方法が、プラセボを投与して助言を与えること、薬物を投与せずに助言を与えること、および薬物を投与せず助言も与えないことからなる群より選択される方法よりも、嗜癖疾患または障害を治療または予防するのに有効である、請求項61に記載の方法。
- 前記方法が、心理社会的管理プログラムと組み合わせて使用される前記方法よりも、前記嗜癖疾患または障害を軽減するのに有効である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記アルコール関連疾患または障害がアルコール乱用である、請求項5に記載の方法。
- さらに前記対象に投与される少なくとも1つの化合物がジスルフィラム、アカンプロセート、セルトラリン、ガランタミン、ナルメフェン、ナロキソン、デスオキシペガニン、ベンゾジアゼピン、精神遮断薬、リスペリドン、リモナバント、トラゾドン、およびアリピプラゾールからなる群より選択される、請求項2に記載の方法。
- さらに前記対象に投与される少なくとも1つの化合物がジスルフィラム、アカンプロセート、セルトラリン、ガランタミン、ナルメフェン、ナロキソン、デスオキシペガニン、ベンゾジアゼピン、精神遮断薬、リスペリドン、リモナバント、トラゾドン、およびアリピプラゾールからなる群より選択される、請求項33に記載の方法。
- さらに前記対象がアドレナリン作動薬、副腎皮質ステロイド、副腎皮質抑制薬、アルドステロンアンタゴニスト、アミノ酸、興奮薬、鎮痛薬、食欲抑制化合物、食欲減退薬、抗不安剤、抗うつ薬、降圧薬、抗炎症薬、制吐薬、抗好中球減少薬、抗強迫剤、抗パーキンソン病薬、抗精神病薬、食欲抑制薬、血糖調節薬、炭酸脱水酵素阻害薬、強心薬、心血管剤、胆汁分泌促進薬、コリン作動薬、コリン作動性アゴニスト、コリンエステラーゼ不活性化剤、認知アジュバント、認知強化薬、ホルモン、記憶アジュバント、精神機能強化薬、気分調節薬、精神遮断薬、神経保護薬、向精神薬、弛緩薬、催眠鎮静薬、刺激薬、甲状腺ホルモン、甲状腺阻害薬、甲状腺ホルモン様剤、脳虚血剤、血管収縮薬、および血管拡張薬からなる群より選択される少なくとも1つの化合物を投与される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも3つの化合物の効果が相加的である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも3つの化合物の効果が相乗的である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記治療が中間皮質辺縁系ドーパミン活性を低下させる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記治療がグルタミン酸機能を阻害する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記治療がγ−アミノ−酪酸活性を促進する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 肥満をその必要がある対象において治療または予防する方法であって、前記対象に、少なくとも3つの化合物、またはその生物的に活性な類似体、ホモログ、誘導体、修飾体、もしくは薬学的に受容可能な塩の有効量を投与するステップであって、前記少なくとも1つの化合物がセロトニン様因子、セロトニンアンタゴニスト、選択的セロトニン再取り込み阻害薬、セロトニン受容体アンタゴニスト、オピオイドアンタゴニスト、ドーパミン作動剤、ドーパミン放出阻害薬、ドーパミンアンタゴニスト、γ−アミノ−酪酸アゴニスト、γ−アミノ−酪酸阻害薬、γ−アミノ−酪酸受容体アンタゴニスト、γ−アミノ−酪酸チャネルアンタゴニスト、グルタミン酸アゴニスト、グルタミン酸アンタゴニスト、抗痙攣剤、およびNMDA遮断剤からなる群より選択される、ステップと、場合により少なくとも1つのさらなる治療上活性な化合物を投与するステップを含み、それにより肥満を治療する、方法。
- 前記少なくとも3つの化合物のうちの3つがトピラメート、オンダンセトロン、およびナルトレキソン、またはその生物的に活性な類似体、ホモログ、誘導体、修飾体、もしくは薬学的に受容可能な塩である、請求項73に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも1つのさらなる治療上活性な化合物が抗糖尿病剤、抗高脂血症剤、抗肥満剤、抗高血圧薬、および糖尿病から生じるまたは糖尿病に関連する合併症の治療のための薬剤からなる群より選択される、請求項73に記載の方法。
- 前記対象が約30.0以上のボディマス指数を有する、請求項73に記載の方法。
- 対象が体重増加するかまたは過体重になるのを予防または抑制する方法であって、前記対象にセロトニン様因子、セロトニンアンタゴニスト、選択的セロトニン再取り込み阻害薬、セロトニン受容体アンタゴニスト、オピオイドアンタゴニスト、ドーパミン作動剤、ドーパミン放出阻害薬、ドーパミンアンタゴニスト、γ−アミノ−酪酸アゴニスト、γ−アミノ−酪酸阻害薬、γ−アミノ−酪酸受容体アンタゴニスト、γ−アミノ−酪酸チャネルアンタゴニスト、グルタミン酸アゴニスト、グルタミン酸アンタゴニスト、抗痙攣剤、およびN−メチル−D−アスパルテート遮断剤からなる群より選択される少なくとも3つの化合物、またはその生物的に活性な類似体、ホモログ、誘導体、修飾体、および薬学的に受容可能な塩の有効量を投与するステップと、場合により少なくとも1つのさらなる治療上活性な化合物を投与するステップを含み、それにより対象が体重増加するかまたは過体重になるのを予防または抑制する、方法。
- 前記少なくとも3つの化合物のうちの3つがトピラメート、オンダンセトロン、およびナルトレキソン、またはその生物的に活性な類似体、ホモログ、誘導体、修飾体、もしくは薬学的に受容可能な塩である、請求項77に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも1つのさらなる治療上活性な化合物が抗糖尿病剤、抗高脂血症剤、抗肥満剤、抗高血圧薬、および糖尿病から生じるまたは糖尿病に関連する合併症の治療のための薬剤からなる群より選択される、請求項77に記載の方法。
- 減量をその必要がある対象において誘発する方法であって、前記対象にセロトニン様因子、セロトニンアンタゴニスト、選択的セロトニン再取り込み阻害薬、セロトニン受容体アンタゴニスト、オピオイドアンタゴニスト、ドーパミン作動剤、ドーパミン放出阻害薬、ドーパミンアンタゴニスト、γ−アミノ−酪酸アゴニスト、γ−アミノ−酪酸阻害薬、γ−アミノ−酪酸受容体アンタゴニスト、γ−アミノ−酪酸チャネルアンタゴニスト、グルタミン酸アゴニスト、グルタミン酸アンタゴニスト、抗痙攣剤、およびN−メチル−D−アスパルテート遮断剤からなる群より選択される少なくとも3つの化合物、またはその生物的に活性な類似体、誘導体、修飾体、もしくは薬学的に受容可能な塩の有効量を投与するステップと、場合により少なくとも1つのさらなる治療上活性な化合物を投与するステップを含み、それにより対象において減量を誘発する、方法。
- 前記少なくとも3つの化合物のうちの3つがトピラメート、オンダンセトロン、およびナルトレキソン、またはその生物的に活性な類似体、ホモログ、誘導体、修飾体、もしくは薬学的に受容可能な塩である、請求項80に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも1つのさらなる治療上活性な化合物が抗糖尿病剤、抗高脂血症剤、抗肥満剤、抗高血圧薬、および糖尿病から生じるまたは糖尿病に関連する合併症の治療のための薬剤からなる群より選択される、請求項80に記載の方法。
- 前記対象が約25.0〜約29.9のボディマス指数を持つ、請求項80に記載の方法。
- さらに前記対象が心理社会的管理プログラムを受けている、請求項80に記載の方法。
- 前記心理社会的管理プログラムが短期行動コンプライアンス向上治療、認知行動対処技能療法、モチベーション向上療法、12段階促進療法、併用行動介入、医学的管理、精神分析、精神力動治療、ならびに生物社会心理的、報告、感情移入、要求、直接助言および評価からなる群より選択される、請求項84に記載の方法。
- 前記対象が催眠および鍼治療をさらに受けている、請求項80に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも3つの化合物のうちの少なくとも1つが少なくとも週1回投与される、請求項80に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも3つの化合物のうちの少なくとも1つが少なくとも1日1回投与される、請求項87に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも3つの化合物のうちの少なくとも1つがセロトニン受容体アンタゴニストである、請求項80に記載の方法。
- 前記セロトニン受容体がセロトニン−3受容体である、請求項89に記載の方法。
- 少なくとも3つの化合物が前記対象に投与される、請求項80に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも3つの化合物が別々に投与される、請求項80に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも3つの化合物の第1の化合物が、前記少なくとも3つの化合物の第2または第3の化合物が投与される前に投与される、請求項92に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも3つの化合物の第1の化合物、第2の化合物、および第3の化合物がほぼ同時に投与される、請求項80に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも3つの化合物の第1の化合物が、前記少なくとも3つの化合物の第2または第3の化合物の投与に続いて投与される、請求項80に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも3つの化合物が薬学的組成物として投与される、請求項80に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも3つの化合物が経口、局所、経直腸、筋肉内、粘膜内、鼻内、吸入、眼内、および静脈内からなる群より選択される経路を介して投与される、請求項80に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも3つの化合物が経口経路を介して投与される、請求項97に記載の方法。
- 請求項80に記載の少なくとも3つの化合物、またはその生物的に活性な類似体、ホモログ、誘導体、修飾体、もしくは薬学的に受容可能な塩、および薬学的に受容可能な担体を含む薬学的組成物。
- 前記組成物がトピラメート、オンダンセトロン、およびナルトレキソン、またはその生物的に活性な類似体、ホモログ、誘導体、修飾体、および薬学的に受容可能な塩の有効量を含む、請求項99に記載の薬学的組成物。
- 前記少なくとも3つの化合物のうちの少なくとも1つが制御放出製剤として投与される、請求項80に記載の方法。
- 3つの化合物、またはその生物的に活性な類似体、ホモログ、誘導体、および修飾体が投与される、請求項81に記載の方法。
- トピラメートが約15mg/日〜約2500mg/日の範囲の投薬量で投与される、請求項81に記載の方法。
- トピラメートが約25mg/日〜約1000mg/日の範囲の投薬量で投与される、請求項103に記載の方法。
- トピラメートが約50mg/日〜約500mg/日の範囲の投薬量で投与される、請求項104に記載の方法。
- トピラメートが約300mg/日または約275mg/日の投薬量で投与される、請求項105に記載の方法。
- トピラメートが約0.1mg/kg/日〜約100mg/kg/日の範囲の投薬量で投与される、請求項81に記載の方法。
- トピラメートが少なくとも週1回投与される、請求項81に記載の方法。
- トピラメートが少なくとも1日1回投与される、請求項108に記載の方法。
- オンダンセトロンが適用ごとに約0.01μg/kg〜適用ごとに約100μg/kgの範囲の投薬量で投与される、請求項81に記載の方法。
- オンダンセトロンが適用ごとに約0.1μg/kg〜適用ごとに約10.0μg/kgの範囲の投薬量で投与される、請求項110に記載の方法。
- オンダンセトロンが適用ごとに約1.0μg/kg〜適用ごとに約5.0μg/kgの範囲の投薬量で投与される、請求項111に記載の方法。
- オンダンセトロンが適用ごとに約4.0μg/kgまたは適用ごとに約3.0μg/kgの投薬量で投与される、請求項112に記載の方法。
- オンダンセトロンが少なくとも週1回投与される、請求項81に記載の方法。
- オンダンセトロンが少なくとも1日1回投与される、請求項81に記載の方法。
- オンダンセトロンが1日1回投与される、請求項115に記載の方法。
- ナルトレキソンが適用ごとに約1.0mg〜適用ごとに約100.0mgの範囲の投薬量で投与される、請求項81に記載の方法。
- ナルトレキソンが適用ごとに約10.0mg〜適用ごとに約50.0mgの範囲の投薬量で投与される、請求項117に記載の方法。
- ナルトレキソンが適用ごとに約25mgの投薬量で投与される、請求項118に記載の方法。
- ナルトレキソンが少なくとも週1回投与される、請求項81に記載の方法。
- ナルトレキソンが少なくとも1日1回投与される、請求項81に記載の方法。
- ナルトレキソンが1日1回投与される、請求項121に記載の方法。
- トピラメートが約300mg/日の投薬量で投与され、オンダンセトロンは適用ごとに約4.0μg/kgの投薬量で投与され、ナルトレキソンは適用ごとに約25mgの投薬量で投与される、請求項81に記載の方法。
- 食欲をその必要がある対象において制御する方法であって、前記対象に少なくとも3つの化合物、またはその生物的に活性な類似体、誘導体、修飾体、もしくは薬学的に受容可能な塩の有効量を投与するステップであって、前記化合物がセロトニン様因子、セロトニンアンタゴニスト、選択的セロトニン再取り込み阻害薬、セロトニン受容体アンタゴニスト、オピオイドアンタゴニスト、ドーパミン作動剤、ドーパミン放出阻害薬、ドーパミンアンタゴニスト、γ−アミノ−酪酸アゴニスト、γ−アミノ−酪酸阻害薬、γ−アミノ−酪酸受容体アンタゴニスト、γ−アミノ−酪酸チャネルアンタゴニスト、グルタミン酸アゴニスト、グルタミン酸アンタゴニスト、抗痙攣剤、およびN−メチル−D−アスパルテート遮断剤からなる群より選択される、ステップと、場合により少なくとも1つのさらなる治療上活性な化合物を組み合わせて投与するステップを含む、方法。
- 前記少なくとも3つの化合物、またはその生物的に活性な類似体、誘導体、修飾体、もしくは薬学的に受容可能な塩がトピラメート、オンダンセトロン、およびナルトレキソンである、請求項124に記載の方法。
- アルコール乱用をその必要がある対象において治療または予防する方法であって、前記対象にセロトニン様因子、セロトニンアンタゴニスト、選択的セロトニン再取り込み阻害薬、セロトニン受容体アンタゴニスト、オピオイドアンタゴニスト、ドーパミン作動剤、ドーパミン放出阻害薬、ドーパミンアンタゴニスト、ノルエピネフリンアンタゴニスト、γ−アミノ−酪酸アゴニスト、γ−アミノ−酪酸阻害薬、γ−アミノ−酪酸受容体アンタゴニスト、γ−アミノ−酪酸チャネルアンタゴニスト、グルタミン酸アゴニスト、グルタミン酸アンタゴニスト、グルタミンアゴニスト、グルタミンアンタゴニスト、抗痙攣剤、N−メチル−D−アスパルテート遮断剤、カルシウムチャネルアンタゴニスト、炭酸脱水酵素阻害薬、ニューロキニン、小型分子、ペプチド、ビタミン、補助因子、およびコルチコステロイド放出因子アンタゴニストからなる群より選択される少なくとも3つの化合物、またはその生物的に活性な類似体、誘導体、修飾体、もしくは薬学的に受容可能な塩の有効量を投与するステップを含み、それにより対象においてアルコール乱用を治療または予防する、方法。
- 前記少なくとも3つの化合物、またはその生物的に活性な類似体、誘導体、修飾体、もしくは薬学的に受容可能な塩がトピラメート、オンダンセトロン、およびナルトレキソンである、請求項126に記載の方法。
- 大量飲酒をその必要がある対象において治療または予防する方法であって、前記対象にセロトニン様因子、セロトニンアンタゴニスト、選択的セロトニン再取り込み阻害薬、セロトニン受容体アンタゴニスト、オピオイドアンタゴニスト、ドーパミン作動剤、ドーパミン放出阻害薬、ドーパミンアンタゴニスト、ノルエピネフリンアンタゴニスト、γ−アミノ−酪酸アゴニスト、γ−アミノ−酪酸阻害薬、γ−アミノ−酪酸受容体アンタゴニスト、γ−アミノ−酪酸チャネルアンタゴニスト、グルタミン酸アゴニスト、グルタミン酸アンタゴニスト、グルタミンアゴニスト、グルタミンアンタゴニスト、抗痙攣剤、N−メチル−D−アスパルテート遮断剤、カルシウムチャネルアンタゴニスト、炭酸脱水酵素阻害薬、ニューロキニン、小型分子、ペプチド、ビタミン、補助因子、およびコルチコステロイド放出因子アンタゴニストからなる群より選択される少なくとも3つの化合物、またはその生物的に活性な類似体、誘導体、修飾体、もしくは薬学的に受容可能な塩の有効量を投与するステップを含み、それにより対象において大量飲酒を治療または予防する、方法。
- 前記少なくとも3つの化合物、またはその生物的に活性な類似体、誘導体、修飾体、もしくは薬学的に受容可能な塩がトピラメート、オンダンセトロン、およびナルトレキソンである、請求項128に記載の方法。
- 過剰飲酒をその必要がある対象において治療または予防する方法であって、前記対象にセロトニン様因子、セロトニンアンタゴニスト、選択的セロトニン再取り込み阻害薬、セロトニン受容体アンタゴニスト、オピオイドアンタゴニスト、ドーパミン作動剤、ドーパミン放出阻害薬、ドーパミンアンタゴニスト、ノルエピネフリンアンタゴニスト、γ−アミノ−酪酸アゴニスト、γ−アミノ−酪酸阻害薬、γ−アミノ−酪酸受容体アンタゴニスト、γ−アミノ−酪酸チャネルアンタゴニスト、グルタミン酸アゴニスト、グルタミン酸アンタゴニスト、グルタミンアゴニスト、グルタミンアンタゴニスト、抗痙攣剤、N−メチル−D−アスパルテート遮断剤、カルシウムチャネルアンタゴニスト、炭酸脱水酵素阻害薬、ニューロキニン、小型分子、ペプチド、ビタミン、補助因子、およびコルチコステロイド放出因子アンタゴニストからなる群より選択される少なくとも3つの化合物、またはその生物的に活性な類似体、誘導体、修飾体、もしくは薬学的に受容可能な塩の有効量を投与するステップを含み、それにより対象において過剰飲酒を治療または予防する、方法。
- 前記少なくとも3つの化合物、またはその生物的に活性な類似体、誘導体、修飾体、もしくは薬学的に受容可能な塩がトピラメート、オンダンセトロン、およびナルトレキソンである、請求項130に記載の方法。
- 問題飲酒をその必要がある対象において治療または予防する方法であって、前記対象にセロトニン様因子、セロトニンアンタゴニスト、選択的セロトニン再取り込み阻害薬、セロトニン受容体アンタゴニスト、オピオイドアンタゴニスト、ドーパミン作動剤、ドーパミン放出阻害薬、ドーパミンアンタゴニスト、ノルエピネフリンアンタゴニスト、γ−アミノ−酪酸アゴニスト、γ−アミノ−酪酸阻害薬、γ−アミノ−酪酸受容体アンタゴニスト、γ−アミノ−酪酸チャネルアンタゴニスト、グルタミン酸アゴニスト、グルタミン酸アンタゴニスト、グルタミンアゴニスト、グルタミンアンタゴニスト、抗痙攣剤、N−メチル−D−アスパルテート遮断剤、カルシウムチャネルアンタゴニスト、炭酸脱水酵素阻害薬、ニューロキニン、小型分子、ペプチド、ビタミン、補助因子、およびコルチコステロイド放出因子アンタゴニストからなる群より選択される少なくとも3つの化合物、またはその生物的に活性な類似体、誘導体、修飾体、もしくは薬学的に受容可能な塩の有効量を投与するステップを含み、それにより対象において問題飲酒を治療または予防する、方法。
- 前記少なくとも3つの化合物、またはその生物的に活性な類似体、誘導体、修飾体、もしくは薬学的に受容可能な塩がトピラメート、オンダンセトロン、およびナルトレキソンである、請求項132に記載の方法。
- 大量薬物使用をその必要がある対象において治療または予防する方法であって、前記対象にセロトニン様因子、セロトニンアンタゴニスト、選択的セロトニン再取り込み阻害薬、セロトニン受容体アンタゴニスト、オピオイドアンタゴニスト、ドーパミン作動剤、ドーパミン放出阻害薬、ドーパミンアンタゴニスト、ノルエピネフリンアンタゴニスト、γ−アミノ−酪酸アゴニスト、γ−アミノ−酪酸阻害薬、γ−アミノ−酪酸受容体アンタゴニスト、γ−アミノ−酪酸チャネルアンタゴニスト、グルタミン酸アゴニスト、グルタミン酸アンタゴニスト、グルタミンアゴニスト、グルタミンアンタゴニスト、抗痙攣剤、N−メチル−D−アスパルテート遮断剤、カルシウムチャネルアンタゴニスト、炭酸脱水酵素阻害薬、ニューロキニン、小型分子、ペプチド、ビタミン、補助因子、およびコルチコステロイド放出因子アンタゴニストからなる群より選択される少なくとも3つの化合物、またはその生物的に活性な類似体、誘導体、修飾体、もしくは薬学的に受容可能な塩の有効量を投与するステップを含み、それにより対象において大量薬物使用を治療または予防する、方法。
- 前記大量薬物使用が、コカイン、メタンフェタミン、他の刺激薬、フェンシクリジン、他の幻覚薬、マリファナ、鎮静薬、精神安定薬、催眠薬、およびオピエートからなる群より選択される、請求項134に記載の方法。
- 前記大量薬物使用の頻度が少なくとも月1回である、請求項134に記載の方法。
- 前記大量薬物使用の頻度が少なくとも週1回である、請求項134に記載の方法。
- さらに助言が前記対象に与えられる、請求項134に記載の方法。
- さらに前記助言が書面、電子、または対人からなる群より選択される形式で与えられる、請求項138に記載の方法。
- 前記方法が、プラセボを投与して助言を与えること、薬物を投与せずに助言を与えること、および薬物を投与せず助言も与えないことからなる群より選択される方法よりも、前記大量薬物使用を治療または予防するのに有効である、請求項139に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも3つの化合物、またはその生物的に活性な類似体、誘導体、修飾体、もしくは薬学的に受容可能な塩がトピラメート、オンダンセトロン、およびナルトレキソンである、請求項140に記載の薬学的組成物。
- 少なくとも3つの本発明の化合物および場合により薬学的に受容可能な担体を含む薬学的組成物、アプリケータ、ならびにその使用のための説明資料を備えた、本発明の化合物を投与するためのキット。
- 少なくとも3つの本発明の化合物および場合により薬学的に受容可能な担体を含む薬学的組成物、アプリケータ、ならびにその使用のための説明資料を備えた、本発明の嗜癖疾患または障害を治療するためのキット。
- 前記キットがトピラメート、オンダンセトロン、およびナルトレキソンを含む、請求項143に記載のキット。
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