JP2010285467A - Carbonization furnace recycling system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a carbonization furnace recycling system that achieves both material recycle and energy recycle by obtaining a carbonized product by carbonizing organic waste and by effectively utilizing a flammable gas exhausted on carbonization. <P>SOLUTION: The carbonization furnace recycling system 1 includes at least a raw material-feeding means 3 for feeding the organic waste as a raw material to a carbonization furnace 2, the carbonization furnace 2 for subjecting the organic waste to a carbonization treatment to obtain the carbonized product, a combustion furnace 12 constituted integrally with or independently of the carbonization furnace 2 for burning a pyrolyzed gas generated by the carbonization treatment, an external combustion engine 32 driven by the heat generated from the combustion furnace 12, a generator 33 generating electricity by the external combustion engine 32, wherein the electric power generated by the generator 33 is supplied to the raw material-feeding means 3 or other power-consuming apparatuses. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention includes clothes waste materials made of cotton, hemp, wool, chemical fibers, etc., food residues such as discarded lunch boxes, woody waste such as wood chips and bark, organic waste such as sludge of organic matter, plastic waste, etc. It is related with the carbonization furnace recycle system which can perform both material recycling and energy recycling by carbonizing the carbon and obtaining a carbide | carbonized_material, and making effective use of the combustible gas discharged | emitted in the carbonization process.

  Conventionally, organic waste such as clothing waste discharged from factories and disposal sites and food residues such as discarded lunch boxes has been subjected to energy recycling that is burned in an incinerator and generates power using the waste heat. However, the incinerated ash was discarded at the final disposal site. On the other hand, wood-based industrial waste such as construction waste and thinned wood can be recycled as charcoal by carbonization in a carbonization furnace, and at the same time, pyrolysis gas generated during carbonization is used as combustible gas. Since it can be used, energy recycling is also possible. For example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-253278 (Patent Document 1) proposes a charcoal manufacturing apparatus that generates power using charcoal gas generated during carbonization.

  By the way, when discarding food residues such as lunch boxes, it is necessary to replenish energy from the outside during carbonization in order to perform not only energy recycling but also material recycling to charcoal. That is, since the food residue which is to be carbonized contains a large amount of moisture, it is necessary to remove or reduce the moisture during the carbonization treatment, so that additional energy is required for the carbonization treatment.

  In response to the above problem, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-145116 (Patent Document 2) uses a gas discharged from a carbonization furnace as a fuel for a gas turbine when carbonizing high water content waste. A treatment apparatus has been proposed that uses the generated high-temperature combustion gas to dry highly-hydrated waste.

  In addition, in the Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-120300 (Patent Document 3), the present inventors have improved the thermal efficiency during carbonization treatment, and can perform carbonization that can efficiently treat tar components and exhaust gas generated by the carbonization treatment. A furnace is proposed.

JP 2003-253278 A JP 2003-145116 A JP-A-2005-120300

  The present inventors have recently released clothing waste materials such as cotton, hemp, wool, chemical fiber, etc., food residues such as discarded lunch boxes, wooden waste such as wood chips and bark, organic sludge, plastic waste Carbonization of organic waste such as waste and recycling it as charcoal material such as activated carbon, and by recycling the heat from the exhaust gas generated in the carbonization process as electrical energy, both material recycling and energy recycling It has been found that this is possible and the overall energy cost required for carbonization can be reduced. The present invention is based on this finding.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to generate power by an external combustion engine using pyrolysis gas generated from a carbonization furnace as a combustible gas when carbonizing organic waste, and use the obtained electric power for the operation of the carbonization furnace. It is intended to provide a carbonization furnace recycling system that can perform both material recycling and energy recycling and reduce the overall energy cost required for carbonization treatment.

  The carbonization furnace recycling system according to the present invention includes a raw material supply means for supplying organic waste as a raw material to the carbonization furnace, a carbonization furnace for carbonizing the organic waste to obtain a carbide, and the carbonization furnace integrally. Or a combustion furnace configured to burn pyrolysis gas generated during the carbonization treatment, an external combustion engine driven by heat generated from the combustion furnace, and a generator that generates electric power from the external combustion engine The power generated from the generator is supplied to the raw material supply means or other power consuming device.

  Moreover, in the aspect of this invention, it is preferable that the said raw material supply means drives with the electric power generated from the said generator.

  In the aspect of the present invention, it is preferable that the carbonization furnace includes a carbide extraction unit that extracts the carbide generated in the carbonization furnace to the outside, and the carbide extraction unit is driven by electric power generated from the generator.

  Moreover, in the aspect of this invention, it is preferable that the said external combustion engine is a Stirling engine.

  Moreover, in the aspect of this invention, it is preferable that the said carbonization furnace is a self-combustion type carbonization furnace using the self-heat by the partial combustion of a raw material.

  Furthermore, in the aspect of the present invention, the organic waste is preferably clothes waste material, woody and plastic organic waste, organic sludge, and food residue.

  The carbonization furnace recycling system according to the present invention is now a waste material such as cotton, hemp, wool, chemical fiber, food residue such as discarded lunch boxes, woody waste such as wood fragments and bark, organic sludge, Organic waste such as plastic waste is regenerated as charcoal by carbonization, and heat generated from the carbonization furnace during carbonization is used as flammable gas to generate power from an external combustion engine. By using the generated electric power for the operation of a carbonization furnace or the like, both material recycling and energy recycling are possible.

It is a conceptual diagram which shows the whole carbonization furnace recycle system by this invention. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the carbonization furnace used for a carbonization furnace recycling system.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing an entire carbonization furnace recycling system 1 according to the present invention. The carbonization furnace 2 is connected to a raw material charging means 3 having an extrusion cylinder 4 so that the extrusion cylinder 4 can move in the direction of the carbonization furnace to convey the raw material. Used clothing waste made of cotton, hemp, wool, chemical fiber, etc., food residues such as discarded lunch boxes, waste paper, wood chips, bark, bamboo, coconut shells and other wooden waste, organic sludge, plastic waste The organic waste such as is fed into the raw material charging port 5 as a raw material for charcoal, and then is moved into the carbonization furnace 2 by the movement of the extrusion cylinder 4. When putting organic waste, which is a raw material, into a carbonization furnace, mixing raw materials with a high water content (for example, food residues such as lunch boxes) with clothes that have a low water content and a large water absorption amount Water content is made uniform. Therefore, even a raw material with a high water content can be put into the carbonization furnace as it is, and the trouble such as preliminary drying can be saved.

  The organic waste supplied to the carbonization furnace 2 is ignited by an ignition means 6 such as an ignition burner, and the carbonization treatment is disclosed. Although the carbonization process proceeds also by the heat generated by the combustion, in order to further promote the carbonization process, a part of the exhaust gas from the pyrolysis gas combustion furnace 12 described later is introduced into the carbonization furnace 2 via the auxiliary heating pipe 25. The heat can be used for drying and heating organic waste.

  Carbide (activated carbon) generated by the carbonization treatment is discharged through the discharge port 7 provided at the lower portion of the carbonization furnace 2 by the take-out means 8 connected to the lower portion of the discharge port 7 and is conveyed to the storage 9. As the extraction means 8, a screw feeder or the like can be suitably used.

  In the upper part of the carbonization furnace 2, there is provided a discharge port 11 for discharging the pyrolysis gas generated by the carbonization treatment of the raw material, and the discharge port 11 and the pyrolysis gas combustion furnace 12 are connected via an exhaust pipe 13. Yes. A blower (not shown) for sending the pyrolysis gas to the combustion furnace is provided in the middle of the exhaust pipe 13 so that the pyrolysis gas exhausted from the carbonization furnace 2 is smoothly sent to the combustion furnace 12. Also good.

  A specific embodiment of the carbonization furnace used in the carbonization furnace recycling system according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the carbonization furnace 2. The carbonization furnace 2 is a vertical type carbonization furnace comprising a substantially cylindrical main body 22 installed on a machine base 21 and an inner wall 23 of the main body 22 having a conical wall extending downward. An upper side portion of the carbonizing furnace 2 is provided with an inlet 3 for organic waste as a raw material, an exhaust port 11 for exhausting pyrolysis gas is provided at the top portion, and a carbide outlet 7 is provided at the lower portion. A carbide take-out means 8 is provided. Further, around the side surface of the carbonization furnace main body 22, an ignition burner 24 for igniting organic waste, an auxiliary heating pipe 25, and an air supply port 26 are provided in the lower part thereof.

  Inside the bottom of the carbonization furnace main body 22, a disk-shaped dish 27 that is rotatably installed is provided. The supplied organic waste is carbonized on this dish. However, since the inner wall of the carbonization furnace body 22 is a conical wall 23 extending downward, the carbonized raw material does not form a bridge. The disk-shaped dish 27 is provided with a partition plate 28 in a direction perpendicular to the upper surface thereof. When the disk-shaped dish 27 is rotated by the partition plate 28, the carbide fixed on the dish 27 is crushed, so that the carbide can be smoothly taken out from the discharge port 7.

  The ignition burner 24 may be located at any position as long as the charged raw material can be ignited, but is preferably provided slightly below the raw material charging port 3. Further, the combustion can be made uniform by providing it at a plurality of locations on the circumference of the conical wall 23. The exhaust gas exhausted from the pyrolysis gas combustion furnace 12 may be used in combination with an ignition burner. By using a self-burning carbonization furnace that reuses the heat of exhaust gas for drying and ignition of organic waste, the input energy cost of the entire system can be reduced.

  It is preferable that the air supply port 26 is provided so as to be positioned below the raw material input port 3 provided on the side surface of the main body 22. Moreover, it is preferable that a plurality of air supply ports 26 are provided along the periphery of the side surface of the main body 22.

  Organic waste, which is a raw material, is fueled in a reduced state, and solids containing carbide and pyrolysis gas are generated. Although this solid content moves to the lower part of the carbonization furnace, air is not supplied in the vicinity of the disk-shaped dish, so that it becomes a non-combustible part, and the carbide during combustion is extinguished.

  Thus, the carbide | carbonized_material produced | generated with the carbonization furnace 2 is guide | induced to the taking-out means 8 via the discharge port 7, is conveyed to the storage 9, and is reused as charcoal (activated carbon). The pyrolysis gas generated during the carbonization treatment is sent to the pyrolysis gas combustion furnace 12.

  The pyrolysis gas combustion furnace 12 is provided with a combustion burner 14 for assisting combustion of the pyrolysis gas. The pyrolysis gas is heated to a high temperature and combusted by this combustion burner. The temperature in the combustion furnace 12 is about 1000 ° C to 1200 ° C. Since the tar component contained in the pyrolysis gas is baked by such high-temperature combustion, clogging in the exhaust pipe 13 and contamination in the combustion furnace 12 can be suppressed, and a clean exhaust gas can be obtained.

  As the combustion burner 14, it is preferable to use a mixed injection valve capable of performing emulsion combustion by mixing and injecting heavy oil and water. By carrying out emulsion combustion, the temperature in the furnace can be raised and the consumption of fuel (heavy oil) can be reduced. The mixing injection valve is used by being attached to a combustion burner. A supply pipe 17 extending from heavy oil soda 15 as fuel to the combustion furnace 12 is connected to the combustion burner 14, and a supply pipe 18 from the water tank 16 is connected to the combustion pipe 14 through an adjustment valve 19. Has a structure.

  An exhaust gas duct 30 for discharging the combusted exhaust gas is provided at the upper part of the pyrolysis gas combustion furnace 12, and is connected to a heating furnace 31 for the external combustion engine 32. The gas discharged from the combustion furnace 12 is guided to the heating furnace 31 through the exhaust gas duct 30.

  Combustion by the combustion burner 14 is appropriately adjusted by adjusting the amount of fuel supplied, but the pyrolysis gas burns at about 1000 ° C. to 1200 ° C. in the combustion furnace. The temperature when high-temperature exhaust gas is introduced into the heating furnace 31 through the exhaust gas duct is about 800 ° C. This thermal energy is transmitted to the heater 32 of the Stirling engine, which is the external combustion engine 32, and the high-temperature exhaust gas is cooled to about 200 to 150 ° C. by the cooler 34.

  When the external combustion engine is driven by the heat energy of the exhaust gas, power is generated by the generator 33 connected to the external combustion engine. The exhaust gas subjected to heat exchange is exhausted from a chimney 34 provided in the upper part of the heating furnace 31.

  By reusing the electric power generated by the generator 33 in the carbonization furnace recycling system, the energy cost required for the carbonization process can be reduced. For example, the generated electric power is reused as a drive power source for the extrusion cylinder 4 of the raw material charging means 3 and a screw feeder 8 when discharging charcoal from the carbonization furnace, or the pyrolysis gas is sent to the combustion furnace. For example, it can be used for driving a blower or lighting of a room in which the system is placed (not shown). Moreover, although it is necessary to circulate cooling water to the cooler 35 of a Stirling engine, the generated electric power can also be used for the power source of the circulation pump. In this way, the overall energy cost of the system when performing carbonization is reduced, and both material recycling and energy recycling can be realized.

2 Carbonization furnace 3 Raw material supply means 12 Pyrolysis gas combustion furnace 31 Heater 32 External combustion engine 33 Generator

Claims (6)

Raw material supply means for supplying organic waste as raw material to the carbonization furnace,
A carbonization furnace for carbonizing the organic waste to obtain a carbide;
A combustion furnace configured to be integrated with or independent from the carbonization furnace and combusting pyrolysis gas generated during the carbonization process;
An external combustion engine driven by heat generated from the combustion furnace;
A generator for generating electricity by the external combustion engine;
A carbonization furnace recycling system, characterized in that the electric power generated from the generator is supplied to raw material supply means or other power consuming devices.   The carbonization furnace recycling system according to claim 1, wherein the raw material supply means is driven by electric power generated from the generator.   The carbonization furnace recycle system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the carbonization furnace includes carbide extraction means for extracting the carbide generated in the carbonization furnace to the outside, and the carbide extraction means is driven by electric power generated from the generator. .   The carbonization furnace recycling system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the external combustion engine is a Stirling engine.   The carbonization furnace recycling system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the carbonization furnace is a self-combustion type carbonization furnace that uses self-heat from partial combustion of raw materials.   The carbonization furnace recycling system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the organic waste is clothes waste, woody and plastic organic waste, organic sludge and food residue.

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