JP2010264353A - Cutting blade manufacturing method and cutting blade - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cutting blade manufacturing method and a cutting blade capable of suppressing the manufacturing cost by having a long edge portion and a low replacement frequency.
SOLUTION: A cutting edge portion 3 projecting outward from a fixed portion 2 is provided. The cutting edge portion 3 has a tip edge portion that is pointed in the rotation direction. The cutting blade 1 provided with the cutting edge portion 3 is cut by this cutting. A step of having a side edge portion along the outer edge of the side surface of the blade 1, applying a predetermined chamfer 11 to the thickness direction of the tip edge portion and the outer shape of the side edge portion; and cutting the tip edge portion A process of performing build-up welding 14 with a hardening build-up welding material in the blade thickness direction, and a hardening build-up welding material along the side edge of the cutting blade 1 toward the tip edge part of the cutting edge part 3 at the side edge part. And performing the build-up welding 17 and 18 and finishing the build-up welded portion by machining to form both edge portions.
[Selection] Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a cutting blade used in a shearing type crusher that crushes various objects to be crushed by a shearing action, and the cutting blade.

  Conventionally, a shearing type crusher that shears and crushes solid objects to be crushed such as plastic, wood pieces, paper, metal, rubber, fibers, and leather is known. For example, as this type of shearing crusher, there is a shearing crusher previously filed by the present applicant (see Patent Document 1).

  As shown in the plan view of the shear crusher in FIG. 7 and the VIII-VIII cross-sectional view in FIG. 7 of FIG. 8, this shear crusher 100 includes a plurality of shear crushers 100 in the axial direction of the rotating shafts 101 and 102. The rotary blades 103 are alternately provided so that the spacers 104 are sandwiched therebetween. The spacer 104 positions and fixes the rotary blade 103 in the axial direction, and is formed with an outer diameter capable of positioning the base portion of the rotary blade 103 in the axial direction.

  These rotary blades 103 have a blade base portion 106 fixed to the rotary shafts 101 and 102 and a split-type cutting blade 105 fixed so as to surround the periphery of the blade base portion 106. Then, between the side surfaces of the rotary blade 103 that rotates in the rotation direction R, for example, an axial clearance of about 0.1 mm to 1 mm is provided and the cutting blades 105 are arranged so as to be engaged with each other. Has been. The cutting blade 105 provided on the outer periphery of the rotary blade 103 pulls the object to be crushed 120 and crushes the object to be crushed 120 by a shearing action between the rotating blades 103 facing each other.

  Further, an engagement step portion 107 is provided on the mounting surface of the cutting blade 105 and is engaged with an engagement protrusion 108 provided on the blade base portion 106 so as to receive a crushing reaction force. The split type cutting blade 105 includes a tip edge portion 109 that is pointed in the rotation direction of the blade tip portion that protrudes outward, and a side edge portion 110 (side edge) along the side surface shape. By making the cutting blade 105 provided with these edge portions 109 and 110 that wear early to be of a split type, only the cutting blade 105 can be replaced.

  By the way, the cutting blade 105 in this type of shearing type crusher pulls and crushes the object to be crushed at the leading edge portion 109 and shears and crushes at the leading edge portion 109 and the side edge portion 110, as described above. In addition, the front edge portion 109 and the side edge portion 110 are prematurely worn.

  As this early wear, the tip edge portion 109 and the side edge portion 110 are worn in a round shape. If this wear occurs, the crushing performance is lowered and the crushing efficiency is lowered. In addition, depending on the object to be crushed, the edge portions 109 and 110 may be damaged, and even if this defect occurs, the crushing performance is lowered and the crushing efficiency is lowered. For this reason, when such wear / destruction occurs, the cutting blade 105 is generally replaced with a new one every time.

  However, since such a cutting blade 105 is entirely made of an expensive material such as an alloy tool steel in order to improve wear resistance, a shearing type using many cutting blades 105 in one unit. In the case of a crusher, a large amount of cost is required to replace the cutting blade. In addition, since it takes a very long time to replace the cutting blade 105, the operation rate of the crusher is lowered, the production efficiency is lowered, and much labor is required.

  Therefore, the applicant of the present invention, for example, forms a base material portion (central base metal portion) with inexpensive carbon steel and the like, and a surface portion such as a tip edge portion of the blade edge portion is a special material excellent in wear resistance and impact resistance. An invention for forming a powder alloy layer to extend the life of the blade edge portion was first filed (see Patent Document 2). In this invention, a tungsten carbide-based special powder alloy is welded around the tip of the hook by a thermal spraying method, and then the surface is finished by grinder processing.

JP-A-8-323232 Japanese Patent No. 2851000

  However, in the invention of Patent Document 2, partial early wear may occur in addition to the portion formed by the special powder alloy layer depending on the type of the object to be crushed and the conditions such as the processing amount. In addition, depending on the size and shape of the cutting blade, manufacturing equipment, processing work, and the like may be expensive.

  Then, an object of this invention is to provide the manufacturing method of the cutting blade which can suppress a manufacturing cost, and its cutting blade which edge part has a long life, replacement frequency is low, and can suppress manufacturing cost.

  In order to achieve the above object, a method for manufacturing a cutting blade according to the present invention includes a blade edge portion that protrudes outward from a fixed portion, and the blade edge portion has a tip edge portion that is pointed in the rotational direction, A cutting blade provided with a blade edge part is a method for manufacturing a cutting blade for a shearing crusher having a side edge portion along a side outer edge of the cutting blade, the thickness direction of the tip edge portion, and the side edge A step of performing predetermined chamfering on the outer shape end of the portion, a step of performing build-up welding with a hardfacing welding material in the cutting blade thickness direction of the tip edge portion, and a side shape of the cutting blade on the side edge portion And a step of performing build-up welding with a hardfacing welding material toward the tip edge portion of the cutting edge portion along the edge, and a step of forming the both edge portions by machining the build-up weld portion by machining. It is characterized by. Thereby, the hardness of the tip edge part of the blade edge part provided outward from the fixed part and the side edge part of the cutting blade provided with this blade edge part can be improved by the hardfacing welding material, so that cutting It is possible to provide a cutting blade with reduced material cost and manufacturing cost by making the base material of the blade low in hardness.

  Further, the build-up welding of the tip edge portion includes a step of performing arc spot welding on both ends of the cutting edge thickness direction of the tip edge portion, and the build-up welding in the thickness direction from the end portion where arc spot welding has been performed first. You may make it have the process of performing. In this way, stable overlay welding can be performed by preventing welding droop at both ends in the thickness direction where arc spot welding is performed.

  Furthermore, it is preferable that the build-up welding of the tip edge portion is made up of at least two layers from the build-up welding start side. In this way, it is possible to further improve the hardness at the leading edge portion where the wear is severe and to prolong the life of the cutting blade.

  Further, the build-up welding of the side edge portion includes a step of performing toward the tip edge portion along the side surface contour of the cutting blade, and a step of performing in a reverse direction along the side surface contour from the tip edge portion. It may be. If it does in this way, distortion of the cutting blade which arises by build-up welding can be suppressed as much as possible.

  Further, the cutting blade is a blade base portion fixed to the rotating shaft, and a split-type cutting blade that is detachably fixed so as to surround the periphery of the blade base portion. A step of performing arc spot welding at both ends in the thickness direction of the acute angle portion at the end portion of the side profile of the split type cutting blade, and a step of performing overlay welding from the end portion where the arc spot welding is performed toward the tip edge portion You may make it have. In this way, even with a split-type cutting blade that can be separated from the blade base part, the hardness of the entire circumference of the side edge part is improved by the hardfacing welding material, and the base material is formed of a low-hardness material. The manufacturing cost of the cutting blade can be reduced.

  On the other hand, the cutting blade of the present invention is a cutting blade manufactured by any one of the above-described methods for manufacturing a cutting blade, wherein a base material of the cutting blade is formed of a low-rigid material, and a leading edge portion and a side of the cutting blade The edge portion is formed by build-up welding with a hard build-up welding material of a high-hardness material, and the build-up weld portion of the side edge portion is continuous over the entire circumference. This can reduce the material cost of the cutting blade and reduce the machining area of the high-hardness material, thereby reducing the time and cost required for processing. In addition, the entire circumference of the tip edge portion and the side edge portion of the cutting blade can be made to have high hardness, and the replacement frequency can be lowered while maintaining the crushing performance for a long time.

  Moreover, the base material of the cutting blade may be low alloy steel or carbon steel, and the hardfacing welding material may be a material having a Vickers hardness of 350 to 1800. In this way, it is possible to increase the hardness of the edge portion relatively easily by performing build-up welding using hard-facing welding materials such as martensite, high chromium iron, and tungsten carbide, which are easily available. it can.

  According to the present invention, there is provided a cutting blade capable of increasing the hardness of the tip edge portion and the side edge portion, the portion contributing to shear crushing has a high hardness and a long life, the base material is relatively inexpensive, and the manufacturing cost can be suppressed. It becomes possible to provide.

It is a perspective view which shows the cutting blade which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. (a)-(c) is a perspective view which shows the manufacturing method of the cutting blade shown in FIG. (a)-(c) is a perspective view which shows the manufacturing method of the cutting blade following FIG. (a)-(c) is a perspective view which shows the manufacturing method of the cutting blade following FIG. It is a side view which shows the rotary blade which arrange | positioned the cutting blade shown in FIG. It is a side view which shows the cutting blade which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows the conventional shearing type crusher. It is VIII-VIII sectional drawing shown in FIG.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a cutting blade according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the split type cutting blade 1 fixed around the blade base portion 106 (FIG. 8) fixed to the rotary shaft having a rectangular cross section will be described as an example. In the following description, a method for manufacturing a new cutting blade 1 will be described, and the same components as those shown in FIGS.

  As shown in the figure, the cutting blade 1 of this embodiment is a split-type cutting blade 1 fixed around the blade base portion 106 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 described above, and is fixed to the blade base portion 106. It has the part 2 and the blade edge | tip part 3 which protrudes outward from this fixing | fixed part 2. As shown in FIG. The blade edge portion 3 is formed with a tip edge portion 4 that is pointed in the rotation direction R. Further, a side edge portion 5 is formed on the side edge outline (upper edge) of the cutting blade 1.

  The fixing portion 2 is provided with an engaging step portion 6 that engages with an engaging protrusion 108 (FIG. 5) provided on the blade base portion 106. The next cutting blade 1 (see FIG. 5) is provided so that the end portion (the end portion in the counter-rotation direction) of the side surface of the cutting blade 1 provided with the engagement step portion 6 surrounds the periphery of the blade base portion 106. It is finished to an acute-angled end where the end of the rotation direction is in contact.

  Further, the cutting blade 1 is provided with bolt holes 7 before and after the cutting edge portion 3 in the circumferential direction (direction of the rotation direction R), and a fixing bolt is inserted into the bolt hole 7 to insert the blade base portion. It is fixed by being screwed into a screw hole 106 (not shown).

  In the cutting blade 1 of this embodiment, the base of the fixed portion 2 and the blade edge portion 3 is formed of, for example, carbon steel or chrome steel, and the tip edge portion 4 and the side edge of the blade edge portion 3 that are easily worn away. The portion 5 is formed of a hardfacing welding material M such as martensite, high chromium iron, or tungsten carbide. The leading edge portion 4 forms an acute edge, and the side edge portion 5 forms a right edge portion. As the “cured overlay welding material” in the documents of this specification and claims, for example, a cured overlay welding material M such as martensite, high chromium iron, tungsten carbide, etc. is used. A material having a Vickers hardness of about 350 to 1800 is used according to use conditions and the like.

  Thereby, the side edge part 5 of the side edge which shears and crushes the to-be-crushed object 120 between the front-end edge part 4 of the blade edge | tip part 3 which draws in and crushes the to-be-crushed object 120 (FIG. 8), and the cutting blade 1 which meshes. By increasing the hardness of the cutting blade 1, the life of the cutting blade 1 can be extended, and the portion that has high hardness and requires processing time when the cutting blade 1 is manufactured has a small area of the edge portion. Costs can be reduced and the cost required for manufacturing the cutting blade 1 can be suppressed.

  2 (a) to 2 (c) are perspective views showing a manufacturing method of the cutting blade shown in FIG. 1, and FIGS. 3 (a) to 3 (c) are perspective views showing a manufacturing method of the cutting blade following FIG. 4 (a) to 4 (c) are perspective views showing a method for manufacturing a cutting blade following FIG. Based on these drawings, the manufacturing process of the cutting blade 1 will be described. In these drawings, for the sake of explanation, symbols (A) to (F) are attached to the respective angular positions of the cutting blade 1, and (1) to (13) are attached in the order of work.

  As shown in FIG. 2 (a), first, predetermined chamfers 10 and 11 are applied to the tip edge portion 4 and the side edge portion 5 of a base material made of carbon steel or chromium steel.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), arc spot welds 12 and 13 of the hardfacing welding material are sequentially applied to the positions (A) and (B) of the front edge portion 4 in the thickness direction by the welding nozzle 8. Perform [(1), (2)].

  Then, as shown in FIG. 2 (c), build-up welding 14 is performed with a hard build-up welding material between the arc spot welds 12 and 13 of the tip edge portion 4 [(3)]. This build-up welding 14 is performed from the position (A) where the arc spot welding 12 is performed first to the position (B), and effective welding prevention by the arc spot welding 12, 13 is achieved.

  Further, since the tip edge portion 4 is severely worn away, as shown in FIG. 3 (a), by performing build-up welding 14 with at least two layers, the portion with high hardness is increased, and the impact resistance of the tip edge portion 4 is increased. Abrasion resistance can be improved, which is preferable.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 3 (b), an arc spot is formed with a hardfacing welding material at the positions (C) and (D) of the acute angle portion of the side edge portion 5 in the counter-rotating direction. Welding 15 and 16 are performed in order [(4), (5)].

  Then, as shown in FIG. 3 (c), from the end (C), (D) position where the arc spot welding 15, 16 is performed, toward the (A), (B) position of the tip edge portion 4. Overlay welding 17 and 18 is performed [(6), (7)]. This build-up welding 17 and 18 is also performed from the (C) position of the arc spot welding 15 performed earlier to the (A) position of the tip edge portion 4, and effective welding by the arc spot welding 15 and 16. I'm trying to prevent anyone.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 4 (a), from the other circumferential end (E), (F) position of the side edge part 5 toward the (A), (B) position of the tip edge part 4 Overlay welding 19 and 20 is performed [(8), (9)]. Since the circumferential end portions (E) and (F) are not acute, corner welding 19 and 20 is performed without performing arc spot welding 15 and 16 as described above.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4 (b), in this example, the build-up welding of the side edge portion 5 is performed in the direction opposite to the build-up welds 17 and 18 of the side edge portion 5 described above. Overlay welding 21 and 22 is performed from the positions (A) and (B) to the circumferential ends (C) and (D), and [(10), (11)] is shown in FIG. 4 (c). Thus, by performing build-up welding 23, 24 from the (A), (B) position of the tip edge part 4 to the circumferential end parts (E), (F), [(12), (13) ], The welding distortion caused by the previous overlay welding 17 to 20 is taken.

  After the build-up welding 23 and 24 shown in FIG. 4 (c) is completed, the tip edge portion 4 and the side edge portion 5 are ground by a machine tool (not shown), as shown in FIG. Finished as a cutting blade 1 in which the edge portions 4 and 5 are formed. As the machining of the cutting blade 1, for example, the surface of the weld welds 14, 17 to 24 is roughly finished by a grinder process or the like, and then the surface is finished by a grinding process or the like.

  Therefore, according to the manufacturing method of the said cutting blade, the base material part of the cutting blade 1 is formed with carbon steel or chromium molybdenum steel etc., and the martensite type | system | group, a high chromium iron type | system | group, tungsten carbide type | system | group is formed in the edge parts 4 and 5 By performing build-up welding 14, 17 to 24 with a hard build-up welding material such as, and finishing the edge portions 4, 5 that have undergone build-up welding 14, 17-24 to the predetermined edge shape of the cutting blade 1, the cutting blade The edge portions 4 and 5 that perform the most work in 1 are high in hardness, and the base material portion can be formed of a steel material that is easy to process, reducing material costs, suppressing equipment costs required for processing, and The ease of work with a reduced processing area can be improved.

  In the above embodiment, the process of manufacturing a new cutting blade 1 has been described. However, as described above, the build-up welding material M is build-up welded to the tip edge portion 4 and the side edge portion 5 to obtain hardness. According to the method for forming the edge portions 4 and 5 having a high height, for example, the chamfers 10 and 11 are applied to the edge portions 4 and 5 of the cutting blade 1 that have been worn by use, and the hardened meat is applied to the positions where the chamfers 10 and 11 are applied. After performing the build-up welding 14 and 17 to 24 with the build-up welding material, if the edge portions 4 and 5 are formed and finished by processing such as a grinder, the used cutting blade can be regenerated. Also in this case, the base material (center metal base part) of the cutting blade can be used effectively as it is, and cost effectiveness is improved.

  Further, in the case of a defect in the tip edge portion 4, for example, after performing stainless steel overlay welding having excellent dissimilar material welding workability on the defect portion, overlay welding 14, 17 with a hard overlay welding material as described above. ˜24 may be performed, and then surface finishing may be performed by machining. Thereby, the same effect as the above-mentioned case can be obtained.

  Thus, according to the manufacturing method of the said cutting blade 1, the worn edge part can be reproduced | regenerated by performing the build-up welding 14 and 17-24 similarly also in the cutting blade 1 worn out by use. Therefore, the cutting blade 1 may be a new article or a used article, and is not limited.

  FIG. 5 is a side view showing a rotary blade provided with the cutting blade shown in FIG. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the structure same as FIG. 7, 8 mentioned above, and those description is abbreviate | omitted.

  As shown in the figure, according to the above-described split type cutting blade 1, the build-up welding material is welded in the circumferential direction of the tip edge portion 4 and the side edge portion 5. Since the hardness of the side edge portion 5 in the entire outer periphery of the rotary blade 30 can be increased in a state fixed to the periphery of the rotary blade 30, the periphery of the rotary blade 30 can be stably sheared with high hardness. Therefore, the cutting blade 1 can provide the rotary blade 30 with a long life and a low manufacturing cost.

  FIG. 6 is a side view showing a cutting blade according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In this figure, the same components as those in FIGS. 7 and 8 described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the same components as those in FIG.

  As shown in the figure, the cutting blade of this embodiment is an integrated cutting blade 35 (rotary blade) in which the cutting blade 1 and the blade base portion 106 in the first embodiment are integrally formed. In the case of this cutting blade 35, the leading edge portion 4 is build-up welded with the hardfacing welding material M as shown in FIG. 1, and the side edge portion 5 is continuously continuous with the hardening welding material M. Overlay welding is performed.

  That is, at the time of build-up welding of the tip edge portion 4, after chamfering (10 shown in FIG. 2), arc spot welding (12, 13 shown in FIG. 2) is performed on both ends of the tip edge portion 4. Overlay welding (14 shown in FIG. 2) is performed. Further, the side edge portion 5 is chamfered (11 shown in FIG. 2) around the entire periphery, and then, for example, holds one side of the integrated cutting blade 35 horizontally with a multi-axis holding machine, and weld nozzle (FIG. 2). 8), the side edge portion 5 is continuously welded one round by being inclined downward at an appropriate angle. Thereafter, the other surface of the integrated cutting blade 35 is held horizontally by a multi-axis holding machine, and the welding nozzle is inclined downward at an appropriate angle, and the other side edge portion 5 is continuously welded one round. The In addition, when multilayer build-up is required, the front and back side edge portions 5 are build-up welded alternately. Then, the surface of the build-up welded surface is finished by machining. Thus, since these overlay welding is also performed similarly to the said embodiment, the description of the detailed welding process is abbreviate | omitted.

  Even with such an integrated cutting blade 35, it is possible to increase the hardness of the leading edge portion 4 and the side edge portion 5 that perform the most work, thereby prolonging the service life. A blade 35 can be provided.

  As described above, according to the cutting blades 1, 35, since the edge portions 4, 5 that work most are high in hardness, the replacement frequency is reduced by extending the life of the cutting blades 1, 35, so that the replacement work can be performed. It is possible to reduce the labor required and improve the operation rate of the crusher. In addition, since the base material can be made of a material that is inexpensive and easy to process, the manufacturing costs of the cutting blades 1 and 35 can be reduced.

  In addition, since the cutting blades 1 and 35 with the edge portions 4 and 5 worn and missing can be reused by performing reprocessing, the base material of the cutting blades 1 and 35 can be effectively reused as they are. Running costs can be reduced.

  In the above embodiment, the most preferable welding procedure has been described. However, the welding procedure can be changed according to the shape of the cutting blades 1, 35, the hardfacing welding material, and the like, and the present invention is implemented as described above. It is not limited to the welding procedure of the form.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the process sequence of the cutting blades 1 and 35 was shown one by one, if the said procedure is performed with the dedicated equipment provided with the robot, automation of a cutting blade manufacture and stabilization of work will be aimed at. Therefore, it is possible to provide the cutting blades 1 and 35 with higher quality and lower cost.

  Furthermore, the above-described embodiment shows an example, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment.

  The method for manufacturing a cutting blade according to the present invention can be used for manufacturing a cutting blade for a shearing crusher that shears and crushes various objects to be crushed.

1 Cutting blade
2 fixed part
3 Cutting edge
4 Tip edge
5 Side edge portion 10, 11 Chamfering 12, 13 Arc spot welding 14 Overlay welding 15, 16 Arc spot welding 17-24 Overlay welding 30 Rotary blade 35 Integrated cutting blade 120 Object to be crushed
M Hardfacing welding material
R direction of rotation

Claims (7)

A cutting edge portion projecting outward from the fixed portion, the cutting edge portion having a tip edge portion sharpened in the rotation direction, and the cutting blade provided with the cutting edge portion is provided along a side edge of the side surface of the cutting blade; A method for producing a cutting blade for a shear type crusher having a side edge portion,
Applying a predetermined chamfer to the thickness direction of the leading edge portion and the outer edge of the side edge portion;
A step of performing overlay welding with a cured overlay welding material in the cutting edge thickness direction of the tip edge portion;
A step of performing overlay welding with a hardfacing welding material toward the side edge of the cutting edge along the side profile of the cutting blade toward the tip edge portion of the cutting edge portion;
And a step of forming the both edge portions by finishing the build-up welded portion by machining.   The build-up welding of the tip edge portion includes a step of arc spot welding at both ends of the cutting edge thickness direction of the tip edge portion and the build-up welding in the thickness direction from the end portion where arc spot welding has been performed first. The manufacturing method of the cutting blade of Claim 1 which has a process.   The method for manufacturing a cutting blade according to claim 2, wherein the build-up welding of the tip edge part is built up of at least two layers from the build-up welding start side.   The build-up welding of the side edge portion includes a step performed toward the tip edge portion along the side surface contour of the cutting blade, and a step performed in the reverse direction along the side surface contour from the tip edge portion. The manufacturing method of the cutting blade of any one of Claims 1-3. The cutting blade is a split-type cutting blade that is detachably fixed so as to surround a periphery of the blade base portion and a blade base portion fixed to the rotating shaft,
The build-up welding of the side edge portion includes a step of performing arc spot welding at both ends in the thickness direction of the acute angle portion at the end portion of the side profile of the split type cutting blade, and from the end portion where the arc spot welding is performed to the tip end. The manufacturing method of the cutting blade of any one of Claims 1-4 which has the process of carrying out build-up welding toward an edge part. A cutting blade manufactured by the method for manufacturing a cutting blade according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
A base material of the cutting blade is formed of a low-hardness material, and a tip edge portion and a side edge portion of the cutting blade are formed by build-up welding using a hard-facing welding material of a high-hardness material, and the wall of the side edge portion is formed. A cutting blade for a shearing type crusher, wherein the welded portion is continuous over the entire circumference. The base material of the cutting blade is low alloy steel or carbon steel,
The cutting blade for a shear type crusher according to claim 6, wherein the hardfacing welding material is a material having a Vickers hardness of 350 to 1800.

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