JP2010131739A - Insert detachable cutter - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To work a groove wall surface and a groove bottom surface, in a concaved groove, and a recess part in a crossed ridge line part defined by the groove wall surface and the groove bottom surface, simultaneously and with high accuracy. <P>SOLUTION: A first cutting insert 13A having an outer peripheral cutting blade 14E for working a groove wall surface (A) and a second cutting insert 13B having a bottom blade 14F, for working a groove bottom surface B and a recess part C, and a cutting-off blade 14G are mounted on a cutter body 1 which is rotated around an axis line O. Further, first and second regulating mechanisms 17A, 17B are provided that respectively regulate the positions of first and second cutting inserts 13A, 13B in a radial direction and in a direction of the axis line O. The first cutting insert 13A is located on the more rear end side in the direction of the axis line O than the bottom blade 14F. In the second cutting insert 13B, the cutting-off blade 14G, of which the rotation trajectory around the axis line O crosses the outer peripheral cutting blade 14E, is projected on the more outer peripheral side than that. Meanwhile, the part on the more rear end side than the cutting-off blade 14G is located on the more inner peripheral side than the outer peripheral blade 14E. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention particularly relates to a groove wall surface and a groove bottom surface formed in a work material such as a bearing cap mounting seat in a cylinder block of a reciprocating internal combustion engine, and a relief portion formed in these intersecting ridge lines. It is related with the insert detachable cutter which can be processed simultaneously.

For example, as described in Patent Documents 1 to 3, in a reciprocating internal combustion engine that is often used as an engine for automobiles or the like, by attaching a bearing cap to a concave groove-shaped mounting seat formed in a cylinder block, A bearing portion that supports the crankshaft is formed. Therefore, high precision is required for the mounting seat to which this bearing cap is attached. However, in a general parallel multi-cylinder engine, since the length of the concave groove formed by this mounting seat becomes longer, a broach has been conventionally used. The groove wall surface and the groove bottom surface of such a groove are used for processing.
JP-A-5-23919 JP-A-8-232094 JP 2005-169516 A

  However, this type of broaching process must be performed by attaching the cylinder block, which is the work material, to the broaching machine dedicated to broaching, and the cylinder block machining time is increased due to increased equipment costs and attachment to the broaching machine. This will lead to an overall extension. For this reason, it is required that the mounting seat is also processed by a machine tool such as a machining center used for machining other parts of the cylinder block such as boring and milling.

  Here, as a tool which is attached to such a machining center and forms a concave groove, an end mill having an outer peripheral edge and a bottom edge at the tip of a tool body is generally known. However, in such an end mill, the bottom blade and the outer peripheral blade are formed continuously. For example, even in an insert detachable end mill, the bottom blade and the outer peripheral blade are formed in one cutting insert. Even if it is attempted to finely adjust the mounting position of the cutting insert in order to perform this processing, it is difficult to adjust both the bottom blade and the outer peripheral blade at the same time with high accuracy.

  In particular, when the mounting seat as described above is formed on the cylinder block, the bearing cap does not interfere with the intersecting ridge line portion (corner corner portion) between the groove wall surface and the groove bottom surface of the groove formed by the mounting seat. However, it is difficult to perform such processing together with the processing of the groove wall surface and the groove bottom surface by the end mill. For this reason, after processing by an end mill, additional work must be performed on the intersecting ridge line portion to form such a relief portion, and it is inevitable that processing cost and processing time increase.

  The present invention has been made under such a background. As described above, the recessed groove formed in the work material such as the mounting seat of the bearing cap in the cylinder block is replaced with another machine tool such as a machining center. Insert detachable type that can process the groove wall surface and groove bottom surface of the concave groove and the relief part formed in these intersecting ridge lines at the same time and with high accuracy when processing together with the processing of the part The purpose is to provide cutters.

  In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve such an object, the present invention provides an insert detachable cutter for machining a groove wall surface and a groove bottom surface of a groove formed in a work material. A first insert that is detachably attached to the outer periphery of the tip of the cutter body that is rotated by the first cutting insert that processes the groove wall surface toward the outer periphery in the radial direction with respect to the axis, using the cutting edge as an outer peripheral blade. A mounting seat and a second insert mounting seat on which the second cutting insert for processing the groove bottom surface is removably mounted with the cutting edge as a bottom blade toward the tip end in the axial direction are formed. The cutting insert is formed so that a cutting edge that is continuous with the outer peripheral edge of the bottom blade and forms a relief portion at the intersecting ridge line portion between the groove bottom surface and the groove wall surface protrudes to the radially outer peripheral side, The first inserter The first mounting mechanism is provided with a first adjusting mechanism for adjusting the radial position of the first cutting insert, and the second insert mounting seat is provided with the axial direction of the second cutting insert. A second adjusting mechanism for adjusting the position is provided, and the first cutting insert is arranged to be positioned closer to the rear end side in the axial direction than the bottom blade, and the second cutting insert is The parting blade intersects with the outer peripheral blade in a rotational trajectory around the axis, and protrudes to the outer peripheral side in the radial direction with respect to the outer peripheral blade, while the part on the rear end side in the axial direction from the parting blade is the outer peripheral blade. It is attached so that it may be located in the radial direction inner peripheral side rather than.

  According to such an insert detachable cutter, the first cutting insert that processes the groove wall surface of the concave groove of the work material and the second cutting insert that processes the groove bottom surface and the relief portion are formed on the cutter body. The first and second insert mounting seats are detachably attached to the first and second insert mounting seats. The first and second insert mounting seats have a radial position of the first cutting insert and a second cutting insert. Since the first and second adjustment mechanisms for adjusting the position in the axial direction are provided, the radial position of the outer peripheral blade is finely adjusted by the first adjustment mechanism and the bottom blade is adjusted by the second adjustment mechanism. Further, the position of the parting blade in the axial direction can be finely adjusted.

  Further, the first and second cutting inserts, which are mounted with their positions adjusted in this way, are arranged on the rear end side in the axial direction with respect to the bottom cutting edge of the second cutting insert. The first cutting insert does not interfere with the processing of the groove bottom surface by the bottom blade of the second cutting insert. On the other hand, in the second cutting insert, only the above-mentioned cutting edge protrudes more radially outward than the outer cutting edge, and the axial rear end side portion of the second cutting insert is closer to the radially inner side than the outer cutting edge. Since it is retreating, only the relief portion is formed at the crossing ridge line portion between the groove wall surface and the groove bottom surface by the parting blade, and other portions may interfere with the processing of the groove wall surface by the outer peripheral blade of the first cutting insert. Absent.

  Therefore, according to the insert detachable cutter having the above-described configuration, a machine tool such as a machining center is used to attach the cutter body to the main shaft and rotate it around the axis, and the work material is recessed in a direction perpendicular to the axis. By providing feed along the groove, the groove of the groove is formed by the outer peripheral edge, the bottom edge, and the parting edge of the first and second cutting inserts whose positions are adjusted by the first and second adjustment mechanisms. The wall surface, the groove bottom surface, and the relief portion can be processed simultaneously.

  The position of the outer peripheral blade, the bottom blade, and the cutting edge is individually adjusted by the first and second adjusting mechanisms in this way, so that the groove wall surface is formed by the outer peripheral blade, and the groove bottom surface and the cutting edge are formed by the bottom blade and the cutting blade. Each relief portion can be machined with high accuracy, and the first cutting insert does not interfere with the bottom surface of the groove machined by the bottom blade in this way, and the parting blade is formed on the groove wall surface machined by the outer peripheral blade. Except for the fact that the second cutting insert does not interfere except that the processed groove bottom surface or groove wall surface is damaged, or the positions of the adjusted outer peripheral edge, bottom edge and parting edge are displaced. Therefore, it is possible to perform such high-precision machining stably over a long period of time, and the machining efficiency can be improved.

  Here, the position adjustment in the axial direction of the bottom edge of the second cutting insert by the second adjustment mechanism is performed by, for example, placing the cutter body on a surface plate so that the tip portion thereof faces upward. By adjusting while measuring the height of the bottom blade from the surface plate with the gauge provided on the plate, it can be adjusted relatively easily as the position in the axial direction from the rear end of the cutter body in close contact with the surface plate. In the radial position adjustment of the first cutting insert by the first adjustment mechanism, the reference axis line itself is a virtual line, and the cutter body is not actually attached to the main spindle of the machine tool, Since the axis that is the center of rotation is not strictly determined, accurate adjustment is difficult.

  Therefore, the position adjustment of the first cutting insert by the first adjusting mechanism is performed around the axis line provided at the rotary shaft portion on the machine tool side to which the cutter body is attached at the rear end portion of the cutter body. A conical mounting surface that can be brought into close contact with the conical surface is formed, and a tip of the cutter body has a reference for adjusting the radial position of the first cutting insert by the first adjusting mechanism. A cylindrical reference surface is formed so as to be coaxial with the mounting surface, and the radial position of the outer peripheral blade from the reference surface may be adjusted. Since the conical surface of the part and the mounting surface of the cutter body are in close contact, the center line of the mounting surface coincides with the axis that is the center of rotation, and the reference surface that is coaxial with this is also accurately positioned at the center of the axis. Adjusting the blade position with high accuracy It can become.

  Further, the first and second adjustment mechanisms are, for example, an insert mounting seat provided in a locator inserted in a mounting groove of a tool body, as in the adjustment mechanism described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-223108. Fine adjustment with an adjustment screw screwed into this locator, or fine adjustment of the position by pressing the wedge member with the adjustment screw screwed into the cutter body and pressing the cutting insert However, in these adjustment mechanisms, if the adjustment amount by the adjustment screw is slightly large and the cutting insert protrudes from the desired position even though it is very small, the locator or The clamp of the cutting insert must also be loosened and returned to the original position, and the adjustment screw must be rotated again to adjust the position.

  Therefore, the cutting insert is detachably attached by screwing a clamp screw penetrating the cutting insert into the insert mounting seat, and the adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment member inserted into a recess formed in the cutter body, And an adjustment screw that is inserted into a through hole formed in the adjustment member and is screwed into the bottom of the recess. The adjustment member extends in the center line direction of the through hole and contacts the cutting insert. A contact surface and a slit that extends in parallel with the contact surface and communicates with the through hole are formed, and the adjustment screw is provided with the adjustment member so that the slit is expanded by screwing the adjustment screw. A screw head that is elastically deformed may be provided.

  According to such an adjustment mechanism, when the adjustment member is elastically deformed so that the slit is pushed and widened by the screw head by screwing the adjustment screw, the contact surface in contact with the cutting insert presses the cutting insert. Accordingly, the clamp screw to which the cutting insert is attached is elastically deformed and bent, whereby the cutting insert is displaced and the position is finely adjusted. When the cutting insert protrudes too far from the desired position, loosen the adjustment screw, so that the clamp screw that has been bent as the elastically deformed adjustment member returns to its original state will also return to its original state. As the cutting insert moves backward, the position of the cutting insert can be finely adjusted accurately without loosening the clamp screw.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the groove wall surface of the recessed groove of the work material can be changed by the outer peripheral edge of the first cutting insert individually adjusted by the first and second adjusting mechanisms. The groove bottom surface and the relief portion of the groove can be processed simultaneously and with high accuracy by the bottom blade and the cutting edge of the cutting insert 2. The first cutting insert does not interfere with the groove bottom surface processed by the bottom blade in this way, and the second cutting insert does not interfere with the groove wall surface processed by the outer peripheral blade except the parting blade. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the machined groove bottom surface and wall surface from being damaged, and to prevent displacement of the outer peripheral blade, bottom blade, and parting blade that have been adjusted, and stable high-precision machining as described above. Can be done.

  1 to 3 show an embodiment of the present invention. The insert detachable cutter according to this embodiment has a cutter body 1 formed of a steel material or the like and has an outer disk shape centered on an axis O, and a rear end surface 2 of the cutter body 1 extends along the axis O. A mounting hole 3 formed in the cutter body 1 is opened. Then, by inserting and engaging the rotary shaft portion 30 protruding from the spindle side of a machine tool such as a machining center into the mounting hole 3, the insert detachable cutter of this embodiment is attached to the spindle side. , While being rotated around the axis O in the direction of rotation T, it is fed in a direction perpendicular to the axis O, and is applied to the work material W such as a cylinder block made of aluminum casting, for example, as shown in FIG. And a groove bottom surface B, and a concave groove such as a bearing cap mounting seat provided with a relief portion C at the intersecting ridge line portion of the groove wall surface A and the groove bottom surface B is formed.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 1, the rotating shaft portion 30 is a circle centering on the rotation axis L of the main shaft in order from the front end side (lower side in FIG. 1) to the rear end side (upper side in FIG. 1). A plurality of (four in the present embodiment) protruding pieces 31B projecting in the radial direction with respect to the rotation axis L are formed on the outer periphery of the plate portion 31A, and the engaging portions 31 are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. 31 includes a shaft portion 32 having a slightly smaller diameter than the disc portion 31A, and an attachment portion 33 having a larger diameter than the engagement portion 31 and the shaft portion 32 and having a substantially truncated cone shape centering on the rotation axis L. Has been. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the outer peripheral surface 33A of the attachment portion 33 has a convex conical surface shape with the rotation axis L as the center.

  In addition, the engaging portion 31 and the shaft portion 32 are formed integrally, and can move forward and backward with a slight stroke in the direction of the rotation axis L with respect to the mounting portion 33, whereas the mounting portion 33 has the rotating shaft concerned. The portion 30 is formed integrally with an end surface 34 on the main shaft side from which the portion 30 protrudes, and this end surface 34 is parallel to the rotation axis L at a position away from the rotation shaft 30 to the outer peripheral side in the radial direction with respect to the rotation axis L. A cylindrical pin 35 having a center line is projected. Further, the end surface 34 is a flat surface perpendicular to the rotation axis L except for the rotation shaft portion 30 and the pin 35. Note that the rotary shaft portion 30, the end face 34, and the pin 35 may not be provided directly on the main shaft, but may be provided, for example, on an adapter that is detachably attached to the main shaft, that is, the insert detachable cutter of the present embodiment. May be attached to the main shaft via this adapter.

  On the other hand, the mounting hole 3 includes, in order from the rear end surface 2 side toward the front end surface 4 side of the cutter body 1, the positioning portion 5 that can accommodate the mounting portion 33 of the rotary shaft portion 30, and the inner diameter of the engaging portion 3. 31 is a circumferential wall portion having a diameter larger than that of the disc portion 31A and smaller than the outer diameter of the projecting piece 31B and smaller in thickness than the length of the shaft portion 32, and is a notch through which the projecting piece 31B can pass. A petal-like engaged portion 6 as shown by a broken line in FIG. 2 is formed at equal intervals in the same circumferential direction as the protruding piece 31B, and has an inner diameter larger than the inner diameter of the engaged portion 6. The accommodating portion 7 that can accommodate the engaging portion 31 including the projecting piece 31B is formed so as to communicate sequentially.

  And the inner peripheral surface of the positioning part 5 is formed in a concave conical surface centered on the axis O of the cutter body 1 to be the mounting surface 5A in this embodiment, and the concave conical surface formed by this mounting surface 5A is When the rear end surface 2 of the cutter body 1 is brought into contact with the end surface 34 on the main shaft side from the front end side, it is in close contact with the outer peripheral surface 33A having a convex conical surface shape of the mounting portion 33 over the entire surface. The taper angle and diameter are substantially equal to each other.

  A pair of concave grooves 2A having an arc shape with a predetermined central angle (45 ° in the present embodiment) with respect to the axis O is formed on the rear end face 2 symmetrically with respect to the axis O, as described above. When the end surface 2 is brought into contact with the end surface 34, the pin 35 can be accommodated in one of the concave grooves 2A, and the cutter body 1 is rotated around the axis O with respect to the main shaft side within the range of the central angle. It can be rotated. Further, the rear end surface 2 is a flat surface perpendicular to the axis O except for the concave groove 2 </ b> A and the mounting hole 3.

  Therefore, in the circumferential direction, the position of the protruding piece 31B of the engaging portion 31 is adjusted to the position of the notch 6A of the engaged portion 6, and the pin 35 is positioned on the one side of the concave groove 2A on the cutter rotation direction T side. The rear end surface 2 is brought into close contact with the end surface 34 by inserting the rotary shaft portion 30 into the mounting hole 3 and accommodating the pin 35 in the concave groove 2A, and then the cutter body 1 is rotated by the cutter. When the center angle is rotated rearward in the direction T, the projecting piece 31B of the engaging portion 31 overlaps with the portion between the cutouts 6A of the engaged portion 6 as viewed in the direction of the axis O. By retracting the shaft portion 32 in the direction of the rotation axis L, the engaging portion 31 engages with the engaged portion 6, the rear end surface 2 is pressed against the end surface 34, and the cutter body 1 is fixed to the spindle side of the machine tool. Is done.

  Further, a concave hole portion 8 having a diameter smaller than that of the accommodating portion 7 is formed on the distal end side of the mounting hole 3, and the distal end surface 4 of the cutter body 1 extends from the distal end surface 4 to the rear end side. A reference hole 9 having an inner peripheral surface that forms a cylindrical surface centered on the axis O and a circular bottom surface that is perpendicular to the axis O that faces the front end side is formed so as to be recessed by one step. The inner peripheral surface is a reference surface 9A described later.

  That is, in the state where the cutter body 1 is fixed to the main spindle side of the machine tool as described above, the mounting surface 5A in the positioning portion 5 of the mounting hole 3 and the outer peripheral surface 33A of the mounting portion 33 of the rotating shaft portion 30 are mutually connected. Since the conical surfaces can be brought into close contact with each other over the entire surface, the rotation axis L of the main shaft is made to coincide with the axis O of the cutter body 1, and accordingly, the axes L and O that are the centers of rotation of the cutter body 1 are centered. The reference plane 9A is arranged.

  A through hole 10 extending along the axis O is formed between the concave hole portion 8 and the reference hole portion 9. The through hole 10 is screwed with a plug 10A from the concave hole portion 8 side. Therefore, the concave hole portion 8 and the reference hole portion 9 do not communicate with each other.

  From the front end surface 4 to the outer peripheral surface of the cutter body 1, after extending from the position spaced from the reference hole 9 on the front end surface 4 to the outer peripheral side, the outer peripheral surface is moved to the rear end side in the axis O direction. A plurality of (eight in this embodiment) chip pockets 11A and 11B extending toward the surface are formed at intervals in the circumferential direction. As shown in FIG. 2, the chip pockets 11A and 11B have a chip pocket 11A having a large width in the circumferential direction and a large depth toward the radially inner side of the front end surface 4 and a small chip pocket 11B in the circumferential direction. The chip pockets 11A and the chip pockets 11B have the same shape and the same size and are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

  From the recessed hole portion 8 in which the through hole 10 is sealed by the plug 10A, a cutting oil supply path 8A is formed linearly or bent toward the chip pockets 11A and 11B. The cutting fluid that is opened in the chip pockets 11A and 11B and is supplied from the machine tool side is introduced into the recessed hole portion 8 through a supply passage (not shown) formed in the rotary shaft portion 30, and further, It is made to eject into the chip pockets 11A and 11B through the supply path 8A.

  A first insert mounting seat 12A is formed on the tip pocket 11A at the rear side in the cutter rotation direction T so as to face the outer periphery of the tip end portion of the cutter body 1. The first insert mounting seat 12A is covered with the first insert mounting seat 12A. A first cutting insert 13A for processing the groove wall surface A of the concave groove of the cutting material W is detachably attached. Further, a second insert mounting seat 12B is formed on the tip pocket 11B on the rear side in the cutter rotation direction T so as to face the outer periphery of the front end portion of the cutter body 1, and the second insert mounting seat 12B has a workpiece to be cut. A second cutting insert 13B for processing the groove bottom surface B of the concave groove of the material W and the relief portion C is detachably attached.

  These first and second cutting inserts 13A and 13B are both in the thickness direction of a flat plate-like insert body 14 made of a hard material such as cemented carbide (in FIG. 1, the first cutting insert 13A is in the vertical direction). The second cutting insert 13B is a so-called vertical blade type cutting insert in which one side surface along the horizontal direction) is a rake face 14A, and a cutting edge 14B is formed on a side ridge portion of the rake face 14A. ing. Here, in the present embodiment, a cutting blade member 14C made of an ultra-high hardness material such as a diamond sintered body is disposed by brazing or integral sintering on a portion including the cutting blade 14B of the rake face 14A. A cutting blade 14B is formed on the cutting blade member 14C.

  Each of the first and second insert mounting seats 12A and 12B to which the first and second cutting inserts 13A and 13B are attached faces the tip pockets 11A and 11B and the front end surface 4 of the cutter body 1 and the outer periphery. The bottom surface 15A is formed as a recess that opens to the surface, and the flat plate surface of the flat insert body 14 is seated thereon, and the two wall surfaces 15B that rise from the bottom surface 15A and continue to the front end surface 4 or the outer peripheral surface of the cutter body 1 , 15C. Further, screw holes (not shown) are formed in the bottom surface 15A, and the first and second cutting inserts 13A and 13B are made of steel inserted through a through hole 14D that penetrates the insert body 14 in the thickness direction. The clamp screws 16 are screwed into the screw holes to be attached to the insert mounting seats 12A and 12B.

  Among these, the first cutting insert 13A has an insert body 14 formed in an isosceles trapezoidal flat plate shape, and a rectangular side surface continuous with the long side among the parallel long and short sides of the isosceles trapezoidal surface which is the flat plate surface. The four ridges of the rake face 14A have two sides extending in a straight line in the thickness direction of the insert body 14 as cutting edges 14B, and the isosceles trapezoidal face is turned upside down. As a result, the two cutting blades 14B can be rotated and used in a reversible symmetrical shape. One cutting blade member 14B is disposed on each of the two cutting blades 14B on the rake face 14A.

  In such a first cutting insert 13A, the thickness direction of the insert main body 14 is parallel to the axis O, the rake face 14A faces the chip pocket 11A and faces the cutter rotation direction T, and is cut. One of the blades 14B is slightly protruded from the cylindrical outer peripheral surface of the cutter body 1 as an outer peripheral blade 14E, so that a positive axial rake angle and a radial rake angle are given, and this rake surface 14A. The first insert mounting seat is provided with a predetermined clearance angle as a flank on the side surface facing the outer peripheral side of the cutter body 1 with the cutting blade 14B serving as the outer peripheral blade 14E interposed therebetween. It is attached to 12A.

  Accordingly, the bottom surface 15A of the first insert mounting seat 12A to which such a first cutting insert 13A is attached is retracted from the front end surface 4 of the cutter body 1 toward the rear end side in the axis O direction by the thickness of the insert body 14. The isosceles trapezoidal shape having the long side of the long and short sides parallel to the cutter rotation direction T side is placed, and the one isosceles trapezoidal surface of the insert body 14 is seated.

  Further, the two wall surfaces 15B and 15C of the first insert mounting seat 12A extend in a direction perpendicular to the bottom surface 15A and reach the front end surface 4 of the cutter body 1. Of these, the wall surface 15B is formed by the bottom surface 15A. Along the short side of the isosceles trapezoid, the cutter rotation direction T is directed, the side opposite to the rake face 14A of the insert body 14 is brought into contact, and the wall surface 15C has a diameter of the isosceles trapezoid formed by the bottom face 15A. The outer side of the insert body 14 faces the outer side along the oblique side located on the inner side in the direction, and the side surface of the insert body 14 opposite to the side surface serving as the flank surface is brought into contact.

  On the other hand, the second cutting insert 13B has a trapezoidal flat plate in which the insert body 14 has one oblique side with respect to the long and short sides parallel to each other as shown in FIG. 3, and the remaining one side is perpendicular to the long and short sides. The rectangular side surface of this trapezoid that is the flat side of the trapezoid is the rake face 14A, and the side face that is connected to the oblique side is the flank, and the rake face 14A and the flank The bottom blade 14F of the cutting blade 14B is formed so as to extend in a straight line in the thickness direction of the insert body 14 at the intersecting ridge line portion.

  Such a second cutting insert 13B has the rake face 14A facing the chip pocket 11A in the cutter rotation direction T so that the thickness direction of the insert body 14 is along the radial direction with respect to the axis O, and The bottom blade 14F is positioned on a plane perpendicular to the axis O and slightly protrudes from the distal end surface 4 of the cutter body 1, and is attached to the second insert mounting seat 12B. Here, a positive axial rake angle and a radial rake angle are also given to the bottom blade 14F, and a predetermined clearance angle is given to the side surface that is connected to the hypotenuse as the flank.

  Further, the trapezoidal surface of the insert main body 14 of the second cutting insert 13B facing the radially outer peripheral side of the cutter main body 1 in the state of being attached to the second insert mounting seat 12B in this way is on the bottom blade 14F side. A protrusion is formed, and when this protrusion intersects the rake face 14A, a cutting edge 14G is formed at the outer peripheral end of the bottom blade 14F so as to project to the outer peripheral side in the radial direction in connection with the bottom blade 14F. Here, the cutting edge 14G forms a substantially 1/4 projecting arc shape smoothly connected to the bottom blade 14F at the outer peripheral end of the bottom blade 14F, toward the outer peripheral side, and toward the rear end side in the axis O direction. After projecting to the side, it forms an inclined straight line and extends toward the radially inner periphery side toward the rear end side in the axis O direction.

  Further, on the rear end side of the second cutting insert 13B from the protruding cutting edge 14G in the axial direction O, the one trapezoidal surface extends in parallel to the axial line O and is stepped into the radially inner peripheral side stepwise. It is considered as a surface. In the second cutting insert 13B, the cutting blade member 14C has a substantially fan shape with a central angle of 90 ° in a range including the bottom blade 14F and the cutting edge 14G of the rake face 14A as shown in FIG. It is arranged.

  Accordingly, the bottom surface 15A of the second insert mounting seat 12B to which such a second cutting insert 13B is attached is located on the insert body 14 of the second cutting insert 13B from the outer peripheral surface of the cutter body 1 to the radially inner peripheral side. The other trapezoidal surface opposite to the side on which the parting blade 14G is formed is seated at a position retracted by the thickness. The two wall surfaces 15B and 15C of the second insert mounting seat 12B also extend in a direction perpendicular to the bottom surface 15A to reach the outer peripheral surface of the cutter body 1, and among these, the wall surface 15B is on the cutter rotation direction T side. The side surface opposite to the rake face 14A of the insert body 14 is brought into contact with the wall surface 15C, and the wall surface 15C is directed to the front end side in the direction of the axis O so as to be opposite to the side surface of the insert body 14 as the flank surface. The side surface on the side is brought into contact.

  In this way, the two side surfaces of the insert main body 14 are brought into contact with the wall surfaces 15B and 15C, and the first and second cutting inserts 13A and 13B are made into the first and second insert mounting seats 12A and 12B. In the seated state, the screw holes formed in the bottom surfaces 14A with respect to the through holes 14D of the insert body 14 are arranged so as to be slightly decentered toward the corners where these wall surfaces 15B and 15C intersect. When the clamp screw 16 is screwed into the screw hole, the insert main body 14 is pressed toward the corner by the head of the clamp screw 16, and the first and second cutting inserts 13A, 13B is configured such that the two side surfaces are pressed against the wall surfaces 15B and 15C.

  Of these wall surfaces 15B and 15C, the first and second insert mounting seats 12A and 12B both have first and second cutting inserts 13A and 13B on the side of the wall surface 15C to adjust the positions of the first and second cutting inserts 13A and 13B. Second adjustment mechanisms 17A and 17B are provided. That is, the first adjusting mechanism 17A adjusts the radial position of the first cutting insert 13A attached to the first insert mounting seat 12A with respect to the axis O as described above, and the second adjusting mechanism 17B The position of the second cutting insert 13B attached to the second insert attachment seat 12B in the axis O direction is adjusted.

  Each of these adjusting mechanisms 17A, 17B is an adjustment in which a through hole 19A is formed in a recess 18 formed in the cutter body 1 so as to open to the wall surface 15C and communicate with the insert mounting seats 12A, 12B, respectively. The adjustment member 19 is attached by inserting the adjustment screw 20 inserted into the through hole 19A into the screw hole 18A on the bottom surface of the recess 18 after the member 19 is inserted. Here, the recess 18 has a stepped hole in which the portion where the screw hole 18A is formed has a circular cross-section centered on the center line of the screw hole 18A, but the inner diameter thereof decreases by one step toward the bottom surface side. In addition, a portion opening from here to the wall surface 15C is a concave groove having a cross-sectional “U” shape extending perpendicularly to the wall surface 15C.

  The adjustment member 19 is made of steel or the like, and the portion of the recess 18 that is inserted into the stepped hole has a circular outer shape centered on the center line of the through hole 19A, but its outer diameter is still the same. A stepped cylindrical shape that decreases by one step toward the bottom surface side of the recess 18 is formed. The small diameter portion is sized to fit into the small diameter portion of the stepped hole, while the large diameter portion is a stepped hole. It is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the large diameter portion. Further, in the through hole 19A, the opening on the large-diameter portion side has a concave conical surface shape in which the diameter gradually increases toward the opening end side, and the other portion has a constant inner diameter.

  Furthermore, a rectangular parallelepiped projecting portion 19B projecting radially outward with respect to the center line is integrally formed in the large diameter portion of the adjustment member 19 and is accommodated in the concave groove portion of the recess 18. Yes. The projecting end surface of the projecting portion 19B extends in the direction of the center line. In the present embodiment, the projecting end surface is perpendicular to the projecting direction of the projecting portion 19B, that is, parallel to the center line. The contact surface 19C protrudes from the wall surface 15C of the insert mounting seats 12A and 12B and contacts the side surface of the insert body 14.

  Further, a slit 19D extending from the end surface of the adjustment member 19 on the large diameter portion side so as to be parallel to the contact surface 19C and communicating with the through hole 19A is formed to a portion reaching the small diameter portion. In particular, the slit 19D in the present embodiment is formed so as to intersect the through hole 19A along a plane parallel to the contact surface 19C and including the center line, and the bottom of the slit 19D is the opening width of the slit 19D. It has a round hole shape with a larger diameter and extends in a direction perpendicular to the center line.

  On the other hand, the adjusting screw 20 includes a screw portion 20A to be screwed into the screw hole 18A, a columnar shaft portion 20B fitted into a portion having a constant inner diameter of the through hole 19A, and a screw head having a larger diameter than the shaft portion 20B. 20C is coaxially formed in this order. Further, the back surface of the screw head 20C facing the shaft portion 20B side has a taper angle equal to the concave conical surface formed by the opening on the large diameter portion side of the through hole 19A toward the end surface side of the screw head 20C. The convex conical surface gradually increases in diameter.

  Here, as described above, the adjustment screw 20 is screwed into the screw hole 18A and the tip of the small diameter portion of the adjustment member 19 is brought into contact with the bottom surface of the recess 18 to attach the adjustment member 19 to the recess 18. In the state, the contact surface 19C of the projecting portion 19B is set to a position that is flush with the wall surface 15C of the insert mounting seats 12A and 12B or slightly behind. From this state, in order to adjust the positions of the cutting inserts 13A and 13B by the adjusting mechanisms 17A and 17B, the adjusting screw 20 is further screwed into the screw hole 18A.

  Then, the back surface of the screw head 20C of the adjustment screw 20 presses the opening of the through hole 19A of the adjustment member 19, so that the slit 19D is expanded and the large diameter portion of the adjustment member 19 is elastically deformed. Accordingly, the projecting portion 19B integrally formed with the large diameter portion protrudes from the wall surface 15C along the groove portion of the recess 18, and the abutting surface 19C of the protruding end is in contact with the wall surface 15C. The side surfaces of the insert bodies 14 of 13A and 13B are pressed.

  Therefore, the cutting inserts 13A and 13B in which the insert main body 14 is pressed against the corners of the wall surfaces 15B and 15C of the insert mounting seats 12A and 12B by the clamp screw 16 are thus resistant to the pressing force. 16 is moved along the wall surface 15B so as to be slightly elastically deformed, and the position of the first cutting insert 13A is adjusted to the outer peripheral side in the radial direction with respect to the axis O, and the position of the second cutting insert 13B is adjusted to the front end side in the direction of the axis O. Be made.

  Note that such position adjustment is performed by bringing the rear end surface 2 into close contact with a surface plate or the like so that the front end portion faces upward with respect to the position in the axis O direction of the bottom blade 14F of the second cutting insert 13B. And the height of the bottom blade 14F may be measured and adjusted with a gauge or the like using the surface plate as a reference. On the other hand, the radial position of the first cutting insert 13A in the radial direction with respect to the axis O of the outer peripheral blade 14E is the inner peripheral surface of the reference hole portion 9 formed in the distal end surface 4 of the cutter body 1 in this embodiment. Adjustment can be made with reference plane 9A as a reference.

  Even in such a position-adjusted state, the first cutting insert 13A is arranged so as to be positioned on the rear end side in the axis O direction with respect to the bottom blade 14F among the cutting blades 14B of the second cutting insert 13B. Is done. In addition, the second cutting insert 13B intersects with the cutting edge 14B of the cutting edge 14B, which is the outer cutting edge 14E of the first cutting insert 13A, in the rotation locus around the axis O, The protruding end is protruded radially outward from the outer peripheral blade 14E, while the rear end side in the axis O direction from the cutting blade 14G is set to be positioned radially inward of the outer peripheral blade 14E. Attached.

  Therefore, according to such an insert detachable cutter, the positions of the first and second cutting inserts 13A and 13B are set in this way, so that the first cutting insert 13A is the bottom of the second cutting insert 13B. The wall surface A can be processed without interfering with the bottom surface B of the concave groove processed into the work material W by the blade 14F, while the second cutting insert 13B is an intersection of the wall surface A and the bottom surface B. The bottom surface B can be formed without interfering with the wall surface A in the portion on the rear end side in the axis O direction with respect to the cutting edge 14G only by forming the relief portion C with the cutting edge 14G at the ridge line portion.

  The positions of the cutting inserts 13A and 13B are set by the first and second adjusting mechanisms 17A and 17B, respectively, so that the first cutting insert 13A is only in the radial direction with respect to the axis O, and the second cutting insert 13B is the axis. Since the fine adjustment is possible only in the O direction, the wall surface A and the bottom wall B and the wall surface A and the bottom surface B are maintained in a state where the first and second cutting inserts 13A and 13B do not interfere with each other. It is possible to form the groove B formed of the bottom surface B and the relief portion C in the work material W with high accuracy. That is, since there is no such interference, the wall surface A and the bottom surface B processed by one of the first and second cutting inserts 13A and 13B are not damaged by the other, and the adjusting mechanisms 17A and 17B. The positions of the cutting inserts 13A and 13B finely adjusted by the above are not shifted due to interference, and the processing accuracy is not impaired.

  For this reason, for example, even when a mounting seat for the bearing cap is formed as the concave groove on the cylinder block as the work material W, the insert detachable cutter having the above configuration is mounted on the spindle of a machine tool such as a machining center. Therefore, it is possible to perform high-precision machining continuously for a long time, such as boring and milling with the same machine tool, and as a whole machining work compared to using a broaching machine etc. The efficiency can be improved and the equipment cost can be reduced.

  Moreover, it is possible to simultaneously process the wall surface A and the bottom surface B and the relief portion C of such a groove, and for example, as shown in FIG. 1, the rotational diameter of the outer peripheral blade 14F is set to the groove width of the groove. If the position of the first cutting insert 13A is adjusted so as to match, both the wall surfaces A of the concave groove are cut simultaneously, and the insert detachable cutter is sent out along the concave groove only once. Since the groove can be formed into a desired size and shape, more efficient processing can be promoted.

  Further, since the cutter is detachable from the insert, when the cutting blades 14B of the cutting inserts 13A and 13B are worn, it is only necessary to replace the cutting inserts 13A and 13B. In particular, the first cutting insert 13A can be used twice with one insert main body 14 as described above, and the insert main body 14 with the worn cutting edge 14B has a side surface serving as a flank. Even if it grind | polishes and forms the new cutting blade 14B, since the rotating diameter as the outer periphery blade 14F can be maintained with the 1st adjustment mechanism 17A, it is more economical.

  In the present embodiment, the reference hole 9 is formed in the distal end surface 4 of the cutter body 1, and the first peripheral surface of the reference hole 9 is defined as the reference surface 9A by the first adjustment mechanism 17A. By adjusting the position of the cutting insert 13A, it is possible to accurately set the rotational diameter of the cutting blade 14B as the outer peripheral blade 14F.

  That is, when the cutter body 1 is fixed to the spindle side of the machine tool as described above, the concave conical surface formed by the mounting surface 5A of the positioning portion 5 of the mounting hole 3 is the outer peripheral surface 33A of the mounting portion 33 of the rotating shaft portion 30. The rotation axis L of the main shaft is made to coincide with the axis O of the cutter body 1 in close contact with the convex conical surface formed, and a reference surface 9A is formed as a cylindrical surface centering on these axes L, O that becomes the center of rotation of the cutter body 1. Therefore, by adjusting the position of the first cutting insert 13A while measuring the radial distance of the cutting blade 14B (outer peripheral blade 14F) from the reference surface 9A, the rotational diameter formed by the outer peripheral blade 14F is adjusted. Can be set to a desired size with high accuracy.

  Further, the adjusting mechanisms 17A and 17B for adjusting the positions of the cutting inserts 13A and 13B in this embodiment elastically deform the adjusting member 19 so as to screw the adjusting screw 20 and widen the slit 19D. The abutment surface 19C protrudes from the wall surface 15C of the insert mounting seats 12A and 12B and presses the insert main body 14, thereby elastically deforming the clamp screw 16 so as to be bent slightly and projecting the insert main body 14. Accordingly, when the adjusting screw 20 is loosened, the insert main body 14 is retracted so that the deformed adjusting member 19 and clamp screw 16 are restored.

  For this reason, even if the adjusting screw 20 is excessively screwed and the cutting blade 14B of the cutting inserts 13A and 13B protrudes from a desired position, the insert main body 14 moves backward by loosening the adjusting screw 20 in this way. Is adjusted to a desired position by screwing in, or adjusted so that the cutting blade 14B is positioned at a desired position when the insert body 14 is retracted, so that it is relatively easy and simple. It becomes possible to adjust the position of the cutting inserts 13A and 13B.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows one Embodiment of this invention (however, the rake face 14A of 1st, 2nd cutting insert 13A, 13B has faced the same side for description). It is the figure which looked at embodiment shown in FIG. 1 from the axis line O direction front end side. It is an expansion left view which shows the 2nd insert attachment seat 12B periphery in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1 cutter body 3 mounting hole 5A mounting surface 9A reference surface 12A first insert mounting seat 12B second insert mounting seat 13A first cutting insert 13B second cutting insert 14 insert main body 14A rake face 14B cutting edge 14E outer peripheral edge 14F Bottom blade 14G Parting blade 16 Clamp screw 17A First adjustment mechanism 17B Second adjustment mechanism 18 Recess 19 Adjustment member 19A Through hole 19C of adjustment member 19 Contact surface 19D of adjustment member 19 Slit 20 of adjustment member 19 Adjustment Screw 20C Screw head of adjusting screw 20 30 Rotating shaft portion 33A Outer peripheral surface of mounting portion 33 of rotating shaft portion O Axis line of cutter body 1 L Rotating axis T Cutter rotating direction W Work material A Formed on work material W The wall surface of the concave groove B The bottom surface of the concave groove formed in the work material W C The relief part of the concave groove formed in the work material W

Claims (3)

An insert detachable cutter that processes a groove wall surface and a groove bottom surface of a groove formed in a work material,
A first cutting insert for machining the groove wall surface is attached to the outer periphery of the tip of the cutter main body rotated about the axis so as to be detachable toward the outer periphery in the radial direction with respect to the axis using the cutting edge as an outer peripheral blade. And a second insert mounting seat on which the second cutting insert for processing the groove bottom surface is detachably mounted with the cutting edge as a bottom blade toward the tip end in the axial direction. In the second cutting insert, a parting blade is formed so as to project to the outer peripheral side in the radial direction, which is connected to the outer peripheral edge of the bottom blade and forms a relief portion at the intersection ridge line portion between the groove bottom surface and the groove wall surface. And
The first insert mounting seat is provided with a first adjusting mechanism for adjusting the radial position of the first cutting insert, and the second insert mounting seat is provided with the second cutting insert. A second adjusting mechanism for adjusting the position in the axial direction is provided;
The first cutting insert is disposed so as to be positioned on the rear end side in the axial direction with respect to the bottom blade, and the second cutting insert is configured such that the parting blade has the outer periphery in a rotation locus around the axis. While intersecting the blade and projecting toward the radially outer peripheral side from the outer peripheral blade, the portion on the rear end side in the axial direction from the parting blade is positioned closer to the radially inner peripheral side than the outer peripheral blade. Insertable detachable cutter, characterized in that it can be attached to.   At the rear end of the cutter body, there is formed a conical mounting surface that can be brought into close contact with the conical surface centering on the axis provided on the rotating shaft portion on the machine tool side to which the cutter body is attached. A cylindrical reference surface that serves as a reference for adjusting the radial position of the first cutting insert by the first adjusting mechanism is coaxial with the mounting surface at the tip of the cutter body. The insert detachable cutter according to claim 1, wherein the insert detachable cutter is formed.   The cutting insert is detachably mounted by a clamp screw penetrating the cutting insert being screwed into the insert mounting seat, and the adjusting mechanism is inserted into a recess formed in the cutter body. And an adjustment screw that is inserted into a through hole formed in the adjustment member and is screwed into the bottom of the recess. The adjustment member extends in the center line direction of the through hole and contacts the cutting insert. A contact surface to be in contact with and a slit that extends in parallel with the contact surface and communicates with the through hole are formed, and the adjustment screw is configured to push and widen the slit by screwing the adjustment screw. 3. The insert attachment according to claim 1, further comprising a screw head for elastically deforming the adjustment member. Formula cutter.

Images