JP2010121518A - Vertical shaft magnus type wind turbine generator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a vertical shaft Magnus type wind turbine generator which has good startability irrespective of wind speed and can efficiently generate power. <P>SOLUTION: This generator includes a wind direction measuring means measuring wind direction of air flow acting on a cylindrical blade, an azimuth angle measuring means measuring azimuth angle of the cylindrical blade circulating on a circular trajectory having a center on a generator axis, and a wind speed measuring means measuring wind speed of the air flow acting on the cylindrical blade. Slippage of a cylindrical blade position and the wind direction is detected based on the wind direction, the azimuth angle, and the wind speed measured by the measuring means, rotation speed of the cylindrical blade is determined, and a motor rotating the cylindrical blade is respectively controlled based on the slippage of the cylindrical blade position and wind direction, and the rotation speed of the cylindrical blade. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a generator shaft connected to a generator, a support member that rotates about the generator shaft and supports a cylindrical blade, and a plurality of members that are suspended on the support member and rotate independently of each other. A cylindrical wing and a motor provided on the blade root of the cylindrical wing for rotating the cylindrical wing, and the cylindrical wing suspended from the support member has a circumferential orbit about the generator shaft A vertical axis that is disposed above and rotates the generator shaft by causing the cylindrical blade to circularly move on the circumferential track by the Magnus lift generated by the rotation of the cylindrical blade and the air flow acting on the cylindrical blade. The present invention relates to a type Magnus type wind power generator.

  Conventionally, there are various types of wind turbine generators, and each has different characteristics depending on the type. For example, if a wind power generator is classified according to the mounting direction of the shaft that supports the windmill, it is classified into a vertical axis type in which the shaft mounting direction is vertical and a horizontal axis type in which the shaft mounting direction is horizontal. The vertical axis includes a Savonius type and Darrieus, and the horizontal axis includes a propeller type.

  Further, the wind turbine generator can be classified into a drag type in which a drag acts predominantly as a torque for rotating the windmill and a lift type in which a drag acts predominantly as a torque for rotating the windmill. The drag type is the Savonius type, which has the advantage of being able to generate power even at low speeds because the windmill rotates well even in low speed winds, which are said to be light breeze. Not economical.

  In addition, there is a Darius type as a wind power generator of the lift type, and its structure not only has the advantage of being able to easily handle not only small power generation but also high power generation, and depending on what is small, it is efficient There is an advantage that electric power can be generated well. However, the lift type has the characteristic that high-speed wind power is required as the rotation start wind speed, which is the wind speed at which rotation starts for power generation. The power generation efficiency cannot be sufficiently obtained.

On the other hand, as a lift generating device used in a flying device, a main component is a fixed wing used in a jet or a propeller. Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-105299) is disclosed as an example in which a Magnus effect cylinder is used instead of a fixed wing of an aircraft. According to Patent Document 1, a small and lightweight lift device is made possible by a cylinder of the Magnus effect, which is useful for the formation of an economical aircraft as well as miniaturization of the lift device.
A wind power generator disclosed in Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2007-85327) has been proposed using the Magnus effect in addition to the method described above.

  Patent Document 2 is a horizontal axis wind power generator, and more specifically, a horizontal rotating shaft that transmits rotational torque to a power generation mechanism, a rotating cylinder that is arranged in a required number radially from the horizontal rotating shaft, and each rotation A driving motor that rotates the cylinder around the axis of the rotating cylinder, and drives the power generation mechanism by rotating the horizontal rotating shaft by the Magnus lift generated by the interaction between the rotation of each rotating cylinder and wind force. In this type of wind power generator, air flow means for generating air flow on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating cylinder to increase Magnus lift is provided at a predetermined position.

  Patent Document 3 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2008-175070) is disclosed as a wind power generator that uses the Magnus effect in a vertical axis. In Patent Document 3, a plurality of rotating Magnus cylinders are vertically supported on a circumference on a frame having a vertical rotation axis of a generator as a central axis, and each Magnus cylinder is driven for rotation. A device is provided to rotate the Magnus type wind turbine unit composed of each Magnus cylinder, upper rotating frame, lower rotating frame, etc. by the Magnus force generated by the rotation of each Magnus cylinder in the wind speed. Electricity is generated by rotating a generator connected to the rotating shaft.

JP-A 61-105299 JP 2007-85327 A JP 2008-175070 A

However, in Patent Document 2, since it is a horizontal axis type wind power generator, it is large and requires a place with good wind conditions. Road construction up to that place, construction at the place of installation, electric power generated Investing capital, such as the recovery of a large amount of money, and these costs greatly affect the profitability of electricity.
Further, in Patent Document 3, although it is a vertical wind power generator that can be installed in a relatively low speed or medium speed region, it is rotated in the reverse direction generated in the Magnus cylinder at the wake portion of the wind power generator. The control of the Magnus force is the wind speed cut to the wake, and it is necessary to use a wind direction maintaining device that always keeps the wind upstream with respect to the wind direction. Because the wind speed is not effectively utilized, the power generation efficiency cannot be obtained sufficiently.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a longitudinal-type Magnus type wind power generator that has good startability regardless of wind speed and is capable of generating electric power efficiently.

In order to achieve such an object, the present invention provides a generator shaft connected to a generator, a support member that rotates about the generator shaft and supports a cylindrical blade, and is suspended from the support member. A plurality of cylindrical wings that rotate independently of each other, and a motor that rotates the cylindrical wings provided respectively at the blade roots of the cylindrical wings, and the cylindrical wings suspended on the support member include a generator shaft The cylindrical wings are caused to move circularly on the circumferential orbits by the Magnus lift generated by the rotation of the cylindrical wings and the air flow acting on the cylindrical wings. In the vertical type Magnus type wind power generator that rotates the generator shaft,
Wind direction measuring means for measuring the wind direction of the air flow acting on the cylindrical blade, azimuth angle measuring means for measuring the azimuth angle of the cylindrical blade moving circularly on a circular orbit around the generator shaft, and A wind speed measuring means for measuring the wind speed of the air flow acting on the cylindrical blade, and detecting a deviation of the cylindrical blade position and the wind direction based on the wind direction, the azimuth angle, and the wind speed measured by the measuring means, and the cylindrical body The rotational speed of the blade is determined, and the motor for rotating the cylindrical blade is controlled based on the displacement of the cylindrical blade position and the wind direction and the rotational speed of the cylindrical blade.

  According to the present invention, the displacement of the cylindrical blade position and the wind direction is detected based on the measured wind direction, azimuth angle, and wind speed, the rotational speed of the cylindrical blade is determined, the displacement of the cylindrical blade position and the wind direction, and By controlling the motors that rotate the cylindrical blades based on the rotational speed of the cylindrical blades, the rotational speed of the cylindrical blades can be optimized to maximize the Magnus effect. Therefore, it is possible to provide a vertical axis type Magnus type wind power generator that has good startability regardless of wind speed and can generate power efficiently.

Further, when the cylindrical wing is positioned on the leeward side, the cylindrical wing is rotated or stopped in a direction opposite to the rotation direction of the cylindrical wing positioned on the leeward side.
In this way, when the cylindrical blade is positioned on the leeward side, the cylindrical blade is rotated or stopped in a direction opposite to the rotational direction of the cylindrical blade positioned on the windward side, thereby receiving the cylindrical blade. Wind power can be utilized to the maximum and the rotational moment in the positive direction of the wind turbine generator can be further improved.

Further, the leeward side is in a range of 90 ° <θ <270 ° with respect to the wind direction.
Further, when the cylindrical blade is positioned at 90 ° or 270 ° with respect to the wind direction, the rotation of the cylindrical body is stopped.
As a result, even if the upstream direction of the wind is not always directed to the wind direction, the rotation of each cylindrical blade may be controlled depending on which range the cylindrical blade is located with respect to the wind direction. Wind power generation can be performed with high efficiency by improving the rotational moment in the positive direction.

Further, the rotational speed of the cylindrical blade is increased or decreased according to the wind velocity of the air flow acting on the cylindrical blade.
Thus, the Magnus effect can be obtained by increasing / decreasing the rotational speed of the cylindrical blade according to the wind speed of the air flow acting on the cylindrical blade, and selecting the optimal rotational speed of the cylindrical blade with respect to the wind speed. Even when the rotational speed of the cylindrical blade is disabled, the generator is safe without being in a state of over-rotation. Since the conventional wind power generator changes the rotating force by changing the pitch angle with respect to the wind, there is a possibility that the generator speed increases in proportion to the wind speed and damages the windmill due to overspeed. However, according to the present invention, there is no fear of over-rotation, and it is easier than pitch angle control for controlling the number of rotations.

Further, a spiral air hole is formed on the surface of the cylindrical side surface of the cylindrical blade, and the cylindrical blade is rotated while discharging air in the rotation direction of the cylindrical blade.
Thus, by forming a spiral air hole in the surface of the cylindrical side surface of the cylindrical blade, and rotating the cylindrical blade while discharging air in the rotational direction of the cylindrical blade, the efficiency of the Magnus effect Can be improved.

Furthermore, parallel grooves along the circumferential direction of the cylindrical blade are formed on the surface of the cylindrical side surface of the cylindrical blade.
Thus, by forming parallel grooves along the circumferential direction of the cylindrical blade on the surface of the cylindrical side surface of the cylindrical blade, the air resistance during rotation of the cylindrical blade is reduced, and the cylindrical blade is It is possible to reduce the load on each motor provided.

As described above, according to the present invention, the displacement of the cylindrical blade position and the wind direction is detected based on the measured wind direction, azimuth angle, and wind speed, and the rotational speed of the cylindrical blade is determined. By controlling the motor for rotating the cylindrical blade based on the deviation of the wind direction and the rotational speed of the cylindrical blade, the rotational speed of the cylindrical blade can be optimized to maximize the Magnus effect.
In addition, when the cylindrical wing is located on the leeward side, the cylindrical wing is rotated or stopped in a direction opposite to the rotational direction of the cylindrical wing located on the leeward side, so that the wind force received by the cylindrical wing is reduced. It can be utilized to the maximum and the rotational moment in the positive direction of the wind turbine generator can be further improved.
Furthermore, even if the upstream direction of the wind is not always directed to the wind direction, the rotation of each cylindrical blade may be controlled depending on the range of the position of the cylindrical blade relative to the wind direction. Wind power generation can be performed with high efficiency by improving the rotational moment in the direction.
Furthermore, since the Magnus effect can be obtained by increasing or decreasing the rotational speed of the cylindrical blade by the wind speed of the air flow acting on the cylindrical blade, and selecting the optimal rotational speed of the cylindrical blade with respect to the wind speed, Even when the rotational speed of the cylindrical blade is disabled, the generator does not become over-rotated and is safe.
Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a vertical-magnet-type wind turbine generator that has good startability regardless of wind speed and can generate power efficiently.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, etc. of the components described in this embodiment are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention unless otherwise specified, but are merely illustrative examples. Only.
FIG. 1 is a front view of a vertical-type Magnus-type wind power generator according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a control method of the vertical-type Magnus-type wind power generator according to Embodiment 1, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the control method of the vertical axis Magnus type wind power generator according to the first embodiment, FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a characteristic table showing the rotational direction of the cylindrical blades according to the phase difference with the wind direction, and FIG. FIG. 6 is a reference perspective view of a vertical-magnet-type wind turbine generator according to Embodiment 1, and FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of the surface shape of a cylindrical blade.

(Embodiment 1)
A vertical-type Magnus type wind power generator 10 shown in FIG. 1 rotates independently for each of a generator 14, a foundation 12 for housing the generator 14, a generator shaft 6 connected to the generator 14. A plurality of cylindrical blades 2, a support member 4 that rotates around the generator shaft 6 and supports the cylindrical blade 2, and a cylindrical blade that is provided at the blade root of the cylindrical blade 2. It consists of a motor 3.
The cylindrical blade 2 may be rotated by a wind only at the blade root, in addition to being rotated by the motor 3 provided at the blade root. At this time, transmission, interruption, and the like are performed by gears, clutches, and the like provided inside the cylindrical blades to increase, decrease, and stop.

A control method of such a vertical axis type Magnus type wind power generator will be described with reference to FIGS. In the present embodiment, the number of blades of the wind power generator is four, but the number is not limited as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 2, the cylindrical wings 2a, 2b, 2c, and 2d are arranged on a circumferential orbit, and are provided at the blade roots of the respective cylindrical wings to rotate (spin) the cylindrical wings. 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d. These cylindrical wings 2a to 2d are rotated in a direction perpendicular to the wind, and the cylindrical wings 2a to 2d are rotated in a revolving direction on the circumferential orbit by a Magnus lift generated by an air flow acting on the cylindrical wing. Move to rotate the generator shaft 6.

  In FIG. 2, the wind direction acting on the cylindrical blade 2a is set to 0 °, and the cylindrical blades 2b, 2c, and 2d are positioned. Furthermore, an anemometer 16 that measures the wind direction of the air flow acting on the cylindrical blade, and an azimuth angle meter 17 that measures the azimuth angle of the cylindrical blade that moves circularly on a circumferential orbit about the generator shaft; And an anemometer 18 for measuring the wind speed of the airflow acting on the cylindrical blade.

  In the vertical-type Magnus type wind power generator according to the present embodiment, the cylindrical blade is rotated by the wind direction measured by the anemometer 16, the azimuth angle measured by the azimuth angle meter 17, and the wind speed measured by the anemometer 18. Control each motor. This control will be described with reference to FIG. 3, taking as an example the case where the cylindrical blade 2a is in the position of FIG.

First, based on the wind direction and the azimuth angle measured by the anemometer 16 and the azimuth angle meter 17, a deviation between the position of the cylindrical blade 2a and the wind direction is detected. Further, the rotational speed (blade rotational speed) of the cylindrical blade 2 a is determined by the wind speed measured by the anemometer 18.
Next, based on the position and wind direction deviation of the cylindrical blade 2a and the rotational speed of the cylindrical blade 2a, a rotation parameter command such as the rotational speed and direction of rotation of each cylindrical blade is received. The motor 3a to be rotated is controlled. Similarly, the motors 3b, 3c, and 3d that rotate the cylindrical wings 2b, 2c, and 2d are also controlled by receiving parameter commands.

At this time, the rotation direction of the cylindrical wing is determined depending on which region the cylindrical wing is located with respect to the wind direction. A diagram showing the phase difference with the wind direction for each cylindrical blade is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 4, each cylindrical blade has a normal rotation region and a reverse rotation region. The positive rotation region is on the windward side, that is, when the blade is located in the range of 0 ° ≦ θ <90 °, 270 ° <θ <360 ° with respect to the wind direction. Further, the reverse rotation region is the leeward side, that is, when the blade is located in the range of 90 ° <θ <270 ° with respect to the wind direction, and when θ = 90 ° and 270 °, the rotation is performed. Stop.
The bold line portion in the figure is a motor drive command that is commanded at the same time.

For example, referring to FIG. 5, when the cylindrical wing is located on the windward side, it is rotated forward as indicated by an arrow a (cylindrical wing 2a).
On the other hand, when the cylindrical wing is positioned on the leeward side, if the forward rotation is performed, the Magnus effect appears in reverse, so the wing is rotated reversely as indicated by arrow b (cylindrical wing 2c). Note that the Magnus effect does not have to be reversed, so when the cylindrical wing is located on the leeward side, stop the motor or shut off the rotational force with a clutch (not shown) incorporated in the cylindrical wing. The rotation may be stopped.
In this way, the wind force received by the cylindrical blades 2a to 2d is utilized to the maximum, the rotational moment in the positive direction of the wind power generator is further improved, and the generator shaft 6 is rotated in the direction of the arrow c to generate power.

As described above, the rotational speed of the cylindrical blade 2a (blade rotational speed) is determined by the wind speed measured by the anemometer 18, and by selecting the optimal rotational speed of the cylindrical blade with respect to the wind speed. The Magnus effect can be used to the maximum.
Therefore, it is possible to generate electric power with good startability even in the case of low-speed, low winds, and even when the wind speed is strong and the rotation of the cylindrical blades becomes impossible, the motor is stopped or the cylindrical blades are stopped. Since the rotation can be stopped by shutting off the rotational force with a clutch (not shown) incorporated in the generator, it is safe without causing the generator to become over-rotated.
In addition to rotating the cylindrical blade by the motor 3 provided at the blade root, the blade may be rotated only by the wind, so that the blade can be rotated only by the wind force. Electric power can be reduced.

Next, the surface shape of the cylindrical blade 2 will be described by taking the surface shape shown in FIG. 6 as an example.
In FIG. 6A, a spiral air hole is provided on the surface of the cylindrical blade, and the cylindrical blade is rotated while discharging air in the rotation direction (spinning direction) of the cylindrical blade. Thereby, the efficiency of the Magnus effect can be improved.
In FIG. 6B, parallel grooves are formed along the circumferential direction of the cylindrical blades to reduce the air resistance during the rotation of the cylindrical blades, and to reduce the load on the motors respectively provided on the cylindrical blades. it can.

As another configuration, as shown in FIG. 6C, dimples may be arranged on the surface of the cylindrical wing, thereby reducing the air resistance when the cylindrical wing rotates (during rotation). The load on the motor can be reduced.
Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 6D, large and small ridges may be formed in a spiral shape on the surface of the cylindrical wing. The pitches of the large and small ridges can be changed in pitch, for example, in the longitudinal direction of the wing, thereby improving the efficiency of the Magnus effect according to the altitude distribution of the wind speed. In addition, there is an effect that the rigidity of the cylindrical blade is also improved. It is to be noted that a lightning countermeasure can be taken by using a conductor to form the bulge and winding the conductor in a spiral shape.

  As described above, by devising the surface shape of the cylindrical wing 2 such as reducing the air resistance at the time of rotation or adding a spiral ridge so that the air flows toward the blade root, The efficiency of the effect can be improved. Therefore, power generation is performed efficiently.

  According to the present invention, the startability is good regardless of the wind speed, and power generation can be performed efficiently. Therefore, the vertical axis type Magnus type wind power generator can be installed in a relatively low wind speed region. Useful in application.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a front view of a vertical-axis Magnus type wind power generator according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing of the control system of the vertical-axis-type Magnus type | mold wind power generator which concerns on Embodiment 1. FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the control system of the vertical axis | shaft type Magnus type | formula wind power generator concerning Embodiment 1. FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the characteristic table showing the rotation direction of the cylindrical wing | blade by the phase difference with a wind direction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a reference perspective view of a vertical-magnet-type wind turbine generator according to a first embodiment. It is a figure which shows an example of the surface shape of a cylindrical body wing | blade.

Explanation of symbols

2 Cylindrical wings (wings)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 3 Motor 4 Support member 6 Generator shaft 10 Vertical axis | shaft type Magnus type wind power generator 14 Generator 16 Anemometer 17 Azimuth angle meter 18 Anemometer

Claims (7)

A generator shaft connected to the generator, a support member that rotates about the generator shaft and supports the cylindrical blade, and a plurality of cylindrical blades that are vertically suspended on the support member and rotate independently of each other And a motor provided on the blade root of the cylindrical wing for rotating the cylindrical wing, and the cylindrical wing suspended from the support member is disposed on a circumferential track around the generator shaft. In addition, the vertical axis type Magnus type wind power which rotates the generator shaft by circular movement of the cylindrical blade on the circumferential track by the Magnus lift generated by the rotation of the cylindrical blade and the air flow acting on the cylindrical blade. In the power generator,
Wind direction measuring means for measuring the wind direction of the air flow acting on the cylindrical blade, azimuth angle measuring means for measuring the azimuth angle of the cylindrical blade moving circularly on a circular orbit around the generator shaft, and A wind speed measuring means for measuring the wind speed of the air flow acting on the cylindrical blade,
Based on the wind direction, azimuth angle, and wind speed measured by the measuring means, the displacement of the cylindrical blade position and the wind direction is detected and the rotational speed of the cylindrical blade is determined, and the displacement of the cylindrical blade position and the wind direction and the cylindrical body are determined. A vertical axis type Magnus type wind power generator in which motors for rotating cylindrical blades are controlled based on the rotational speed of the blades.   2. The longitudinal direction according to claim 1, wherein when the cylindrical blade is positioned on the leeward side, the cylindrical blade is rotated or stopped in a direction opposite to a rotation direction of the cylindrical blade positioned on the windward side. Axial Magnus type wind power generator.   The vertical wind Magnus type wind turbine generator according to claim 2, wherein the leeward side is in a range of 90 ° <θ <270 ° with respect to the wind direction.   The vertical axis type Magnus type wind power generator according to claim 1, wherein the rotation of the cylindrical body is stopped when the cylindrical blade is positioned at 90 ° or 270 ° with respect to the wind direction.   The vertical axis type Magnus type wind power generator according to claim 1, wherein the number of rotations of the cylindrical blade is increased or decreased by a wind speed of an air flow acting on the cylindrical blade.   2. The longitudinal direction according to claim 1, wherein a spiral air hole is formed on a surface of a cylindrical side surface of the cylindrical blade, and the cylindrical blade is rotated while discharging air in a rotation direction of the cylindrical blade. Axial Magnus type wind power generator.   The vertical-magnet-type wind turbine generator according to claim 1, wherein parallel grooves along the circumferential direction of the cylindrical blade are formed on the surface of the cylindrical side surface of the cylindrical blade.

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