JP2010020037A - Three-dimensional image display method and three-dimensional image display device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a multi-projection type three-dimensional image display method and a compact three-dimensional image display device which prevents a color breaking phenomenon. <P>SOLUTION: Light beams from a plurality of field-sequentially driven two-dimensional image display elements are given a specific display direction to be simultaneously made incident on pupils of an observer. A plurality of strip-like two-dimensional images which are arranged in a horizontal direction and whose observable ranges are restricted are formed on observer's retina. Chromaticity of the two of the plurality of strip-like images adjacent in the horizontal direction is different from each other, and the chromaticity is changed over in sub-field units as shown by (a), (b) and (c). As a result, the color breaking phenomenon of the image on the retina is prevented in comparison when the same color strip-like images are arranged in each sub field. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a three-dimensional image display method and a three-dimensional image display apparatus, and in particular, directs light from pixels constituting a two-dimensional image based on the principle of integral photography (IP). The present invention relates to a three-dimensional image display method and a three-dimensional image display apparatus that project in different directions and reproduce and display a three-dimensional aerial image as an intersection of these directional rays.

  Based on the principle of integral photography (IP) proposed in 1908 by MG Lippman, three-dimensional reproduction of natural three-dimensional images by reproducing light rays equivalent to those from the real surface in space Research and development of displays are actively conducted.

  Also, in order to compensate for the shortage of information in electronic devices that are currently in practical use, a method for realizing a three-dimensional display specialized for horizontal stereoscopic vision by allocating vertical stereoscopic information in the horizontal direction has been disclosed. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

  In addition, a technique for improving the shortage of information amount by devising the arrangement of color filters of a liquid crystal display has been disclosed (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

Japanese Patent No. 3576521 JP 2004-40722 A

  However, since the configuration of the three-dimensional image display device disclosed in Patent Document 1 is a multi-projection configuration using a large number of display devices for projectors, it is important to reduce the size of the device for practical use. Become. For this reason, as a display device, it is promising to use a fast-response display device capable of displaying a full-color image with one chip. At that time, a color breaking phenomenon (color breakup phenomenon or color breakup phenomenon or an afterimage of the three primary colors of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) is observed as rainbow-like noise without overlapping on the retina of the eye. There is a problem in that color breakup is also likely to occur.

  On the other hand, the three-dimensional image display device disclosed in Patent Document 2 uses a direct-view type liquid crystal display, so that it is easy to downsize, but there is a problem that it is not easy to increase the amount of information.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and provides a multi-projection type three-dimensional image display method and a three-dimensional image display device in which the size of the device can be easily reduced and the color braking phenomenon is alleviated. For the purpose.

  In order to achieve the above object, a three-dimensional image display method according to a first aspect of the present invention is a plurality of two-dimensionally arranged two-dimensionally in a horizontal direction and a diagonally vertical direction in subfield units obtained by dividing one frame into a plurality of subfields. A two-dimensional image in which the image display elements are each driven in a field sequential manner and are two-dimensionally arranged in the horizontal and oblique vertical directions, and at least two two-dimensional images adjacent in the oblique vertical direction are arranged with different chromaticities. A first step of generating a group, and projecting light from each two-dimensional image constituting the group of two-dimensional images in different directions with directivity by a plurality of decentered imaging optical systems, A second step of forming a magnified image magnified in the vertical direction in the same region, and a group of rays diverging from the magnified image, are quasi-parallel rays in the horizontal direction, and A third step of giving a specific display direction to be diffused light and displaying a three-dimensional image at an intersection formed by the light ray group to which the display direction is given in space, and a light ray group given the display direction to the observer And a fourth step of forming partial parallax images of a plurality of two-dimensional images with a limited viewable range arranged in the horizontal direction on the retina of the observer, Two partial parallax images adjacent in the horizontal direction among the partial parallax images of the three-dimensional image are set as partial parallax images in which chromaticities are different from each other and the chromaticities are switched in units of the subfields. And

  In order to achieve the above object, the three-dimensional image display method according to the second invention includes a plurality of first steps according to the first invention arranged two-dimensionally in a horizontal direction and an oblique vertical direction. Of the two primary image display elements adjacent to each other in the diagonally vertical direction, N primary colors having different chromaticities (N is a natural number of 3 or more) are different from each other. A plurality of two-dimensional images are displayed in which two-dimensional images are displayed and the primary colors of the two-dimensional images are cyclically switched in units of subfields in which one frame is divided into 1 / Nk (k is a natural number of 1 or more). By performing the process on the display element, a two-dimensional image group in which two-dimensional images of different primary colors are arranged in at least two two-dimensional images adjacent in the oblique vertical direction is generated.

  In order to achieve the above object, a three-dimensional image display device according to a third aspect of the present invention includes a plurality of light sources that emit illumination light having a plurality of different chromaticities, and two-dimensionally in a horizontal direction and an oblique vertical direction. Irradiating illumination light from one selected light source among a plurality of light sources in a plurality of two-dimensional image display elements and a subfield unit obtained by dividing one frame into a plurality of two-dimensional image display elements, A field for irradiating at least two two-dimensional image display elements adjacent to each other in a diagonally vertical direction with illumination light having a different chromaticity and supplying an image signal having the same chromaticity as the illumination light to the two-dimensional image display element A plurality of two-dimensional image groups in which two-dimensional images that are sequentially driven and are two-dimensionally arranged in the horizontal direction and the oblique vertical direction and at least two two-dimensional images adjacent in the oblique vertical direction are arranged with different chromaticities are provided. Synchronous control means generated by a two-dimensional image display element and enlargement expanded in the horizontal and vertical directions by projecting light from each two-dimensional image constituting the two-dimensional image group in different directions with directivity A plurality of decentered imaging optical systems that form an image in the same area and a group of rays diverging from an enlarged image are quasi-parallel rays in the horizontal direction and diffuse rays in the vertical direction. An optical system for generating a light beam group having a specific display direction to be incident on the observer's pupil at the same time, and displaying a three-dimensional image at an intersection formed by the light beam group having the display direction in space. A partial parallax image of a plurality of two-dimensional images with a limited observable range arranged in the horizontal direction on the retina of the observer, and two partial parallax images adjacent in the horizontal direction are The chromaticity is different from each other and the color There characterized by a partial parallax image switched by the sub-field unit.

  In order to achieve the above object, a three-dimensional image display device according to a fourth aspect of the present invention provides a plurality of two-dimensional image display elements in which the synchronization control means is two-dimensionally arranged in the horizontal direction and the oblique vertical direction. Among two primary image display elements adjacent to each other in the diagonally vertical direction, two-dimensional images having different primary colors among N primary colors (N is a natural number of 3 or more) having different chromaticities are displayed. In addition, field sequential driving is performed for a plurality of two-dimensional image display elements in which the primary color of the two-dimensional image is cyclically switched in units of subfields in which one frame is divided into 1 / Nk (k is a natural number of 1 or more). Thus, at least two two-dimensional images adjacent in the oblique vertical direction are configured to generate a two-dimensional image group in which two-dimensional images of different primary colors are arranged.

  According to the present invention, by setting two partial parallax images adjacent in the horizontal direction among partial parallax images of a plurality of two-dimensional images on the retina of the observer as partial parallax images having different chromaticities. Therefore, it is possible to realize a three-dimensional image display device that can be easily miniaturized and that can reduce the color braking phenomenon of a composite image of partial parallax images.

  Next, the best embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an embodiment of a three-dimensional image display apparatus according to the present invention, FIGS. 2A and 2B are schematic perspective views of an example of a main part of FIG. 1, and front views of each part. Indicates. The embodiment shown in FIG. 1 shows the configuration of a multi-projection type three-dimensional image display apparatus. As shown in FIG. 1, the three-dimensional image display device 100 of the present embodiment includes three LED light sources 1R, 1B, and 1G using light emitting diodes (LEDs) that are illumination light sources, and m units (m is 2 or more). The natural number (here, 5 or more) of the projector 2 ₁ to 2 _m , the Fresnel wrench screen 3 and the host PC (personal computer) 8 direct light from the pixels constituting the two-dimensional image. This is a device that projects in different directions with a characteristic, and forms a three-dimensional image as an intersection of these directional rays. In FIG. 1, it is illustrated only five projector 2 ₁ to 2 ₅ arranged in a predetermined direction among the m of projectors.

LED light source 1R, 1B, and 1G and Fresnel lenticular screen 3 is common to a plurality of projectors 2 ₁ to 2 _m. The three LED light sources are composed of a first LED light source 1R that emits red light R, a second LED light source 1B that emits blue light B, and a third LED light source 1G that emits green light G. The projectors 2 _{1 to} 2 _m are connected to the illumination lenses 4 ₁ to 4 _m , the 2D image display elements 5 _{1 to} 5 _m, and the 2D image display elements 5 _{1 to} 5 _m via a drive circuit (not shown). The image generation PC (personal computer) 6 _{1 to} 6 _m , projection lenses 7 _{1 to} 7 _m, and an opening (not shown). A laser light source may be used instead of the LED light source. The two-dimensional image display element 5 is a display element that performs high-speed display of the generated two-dimensional image by field sequential driving.

The host PC 8 is connected to the image generation PCs 6 _{1 to} 6 _m via a local area network (LAN). Under the control of the host PC 8, each of the image generation PCs 6 _{1 to} 6 _m is genlocked with each other. The synchronized light signal is output to control the LED light sources 1R, 1B, 1G. As a result, the projectors 2 _{1 to} 2 _m are set in advance so that one primary color light out of the primary color lights R, B, and G emitted from the LED light sources 1R, 1B, and 1G is synchronized with each other in sub-field units described later. In this order, the incident light is cyclically switched.

The two-dimensional image display elements 5 _{1 to} 5 _m , the projection lenses 7 _{1 to} 7 _m, and the apertures (not shown) constituting the projector, which is the main part of the present embodiment, are a plurality of projectors. As shown in the schematic perspective view of FIG. 2A and the front view of FIG. 2B, the spatial arrangement is arranged in an array. That is, as shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, each of the two-dimensional image display elements 5 (5 _{1 to} 5 _m ) of the plurality of projectors 2 ₁ to 2 _m has two in the horizontal direction and the oblique vertical direction. The two-dimensional image display element array 10 is configured as a whole by dimensional arrangement. The projection lenses 7 (7 _{1 to} 7 _m ) of the plurality of projectors 2 ₁ to 2 _m also constitute a lens array 12 that is two-dimensionally arranged as a whole in the horizontal direction and the oblique vertical direction. Furthermore, each opening 9 of the plurality of projectors 2 ₁ to 2 _m may constitute an aperture array 14 that are two-dimensionally arranged as a whole in the horizontal direction and the diagonal vertical.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 2A, the opening array 14 is disposed so as to face the Fresnel wrench screen 3. In FIG. 2A, 18 is a common image plane, and 19 is an optical axis. The Fresnel wrench screen 3 includes a shared lens 16 that is a Fresnel lens and a lenticular sheet 17 that functions as a vertical diffusion plate.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of an example of the lenticular sheet 17. As shown in the figure, the lenticular sheet 17 has a configuration in which a large number of short-focus cylindrical lenses (cylindrical lenses) 17a are arranged in a vertical direction on a substrate 17b. The vertical diffusing plate is not limited to the lenticular sheet 17, and for example, a holographic screen (diffractive optical element) using a light diffraction phenomenon can be used.

Two-dimensional image display element array 10 has a configuration in which the two-dimensional image display device 5 of the projector 2 ₁ to 2 _m are arranged two-dimensionally shifted obliquely to each other as shown in FIG. 2 (b). Accordingly, among the plurality of two-dimensional image display elements 5 constituting the two-dimensional image display element array 10, the adjacent two-dimensional image display elements 5 are two-dimensional image display elements of different projectors. Also, the lens array 12, the projection lens 7 of the projector 2 ₁ to 2 _m, which is provided at a position corresponding to the two-dimensional image display device 5 is shifted obliquely to each other as shown in FIG. 2 (b) two-dimensional It is an arranged configuration. Therefore, among the plurality of projection lenses 7 constituting the lens array 12, the adjacent projection lens 7 is a projection lens of a different projector. Although the aperture array 14 is not shown in FIG. 1, the plurality of apertures 9 of the projectors 2 ₁ to 2 _m provided at positions corresponding to the plurality of projection lenses 7 are shown in FIG. In this way, the two-dimensional arrangement is performed while being obliquely shifted from each other. In addition, the shared lens 16, the lenticular sheet 17, and the common image plane 18 are arranged almost integrally.

  FIG. 4 is a top view showing a basic configuration of the three-dimensional image display apparatus according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 5 is a side view thereof. 4 and 5, the same components as those in FIGS. 1 and 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals. 4 (a) and 5 (a) show the light beam state when the two-dimensional image display element 5 is on the optical axis 19 of the entire array optical system. FIGS. 4 (b) and 5 (b). Indicates a light beam state when the two-dimensional image display element 5 is located at a position off the optical axis 19.

  In these drawings, the hatched area represents an area where light rays from the image displayed on the two-dimensional image display element 5 exist. In addition, light rays indicated by solid lines near the boundary of this region show three typical light rays that pass through the individual openings 9. That is, one principal ray (principal ray) passing through the center of the opening 9 and two outer ray (marginal ray) passing through the edge of the opening 9.

  As indicated by the optical paths of the principal ray and the marginal ray, the divergent rays emitted from the two-dimensional image display element 5 converge on the common image plane 18 near the shared lens 16. That is, the two-dimensional image display element 5 and the shared lens 16 are substantially in an imaging relationship. This means that the shared lens 16 does not contribute to image formation. However, the contribution of the shared lens 16 exists in the three-dimensional image formed by the light rays that diverge again after being imaged by the shared lens 16.

  Further, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. 5, the optical axis of each projection lens 7 (shown by a one-dot broken line) with respect to the central axis (not shown) of the two-dimensional image display element 11. And the optical axis of each opening 9 (shown by a dashed line) is shifted. The light passing through the diaphragm centers of these individual optical systems passes through the center of the shared lens 16. Therefore, the display direction of the image necessary for the three-dimensional display is not given by the shared lens 16, but is given from the beginning by the individual optical systems having decentering. In order to describe the decentered optical system in more detail, a description will be given with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a projection optical system array having decentration. In the figure, the same components as those in FIGS. 2 to 5 are denoted by the same reference numerals. In FIG. 6, two orthogonal straight lines are a horizontal axis 21 representing the horizontal direction and a vertical axis 22 representing the direction perpendicular thereto. The horizontal direction is a direction parallel to the direction connecting the two eyes of the viewer of the display image. As shown in FIG. 6, the two-dimensional image display element 5 (indicated by a black square) that is an image generation source is arranged so that the positions projected on the horizontal axis 21 do not coincide with each other in the direction of the vertical axis 22. . Further, the individual projection lenses 7 and the apertures 9 are shifted in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction by different eccentric amounts.

  Light from each pixel of the two-dimensional image displayed on the plurality of two-dimensional image display elements 5 is projected onto the Fresnel / wrench screen 3 by the projection lens 7. That is, the two-dimensional image display element 5 and the Fresnel wrench screen 3 are in an imaging relationship.

  The projection lens 7 that projects the image from each two-dimensional image display element 5 onto the Fresnel / wrench screen 3 performs lens shift so as to project it onto the same area on the Fresnel / wrench screen 3. That is, by decentering the optical axis of the projection lens 7 with respect to the central axis of the two-dimensional image display element 5, the projection direction is shifted, and an enlarged image of each two-dimensional image display element 5 is formed on the Fresnel screen 3. Make sure they overlap.

  Since the focal plane of the Fresnel lens surface in the Fresnel wrench screen 3 is in the vicinity of the projection lens 7, the principal ray is refracted on the projection surface so as to be parallel, that is, telecentric. Further, as shown in FIG. 2A, the Fresnel wrench screen 3 composed of the shared lens 16 and the lenticular sheet 17 is vertically aligned by the lenticular sheet 17 disposed close to the shared lens 16 on the common image plane 18. Only do diffusion. As shown in FIG. 3, the lenticular sheet 17 has a large number of cylindrical lenses 17a with short focal points and narrow intervals in the horizontal direction, and diffuses light rays in the vertical direction (direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 1).

  FIGS. 7A and 7B are diagrams showing the operation of the lenticular surface in the Fresnel wrench screen. FIG. 7A shows an example of one pixel, and FIG. 7B shows an example of four pixels. In FIG. 7, a vertically elongated quadrangular pyramid emitted from the Fresnel wrench screen 3 forms an image of one pixel of the two-dimensional image display element 5 (not shown) as an enlarged image on the screen, and then from the enlarged image. It shows how light rays are diffused vertically. φy indicates a diffusion angle by lenticular. φx is a horizontal diffusion angle, which is determined not by the action of the lenticular but by the F-number defined by the aperture diameter of the projection lens 7 projected onto the screen. Of course, a diffractive optical element such as a holographic screen can be used in addition to a refractive optical element such as lenticular.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the exit pupil, which is an image when the opening 9 is viewed from the image side, is enlarged only in the vertical direction by the Fresnel wrench screen 3, and two-dimensionally arranged as shown in FIG. A common display angle range can be generated in the two-dimensional image display element array 10.

  Now, returning to FIG. 1, light having directivity from the enlarged image of the two-dimensional image display element 5 projected on the Fresnel wrench screen 3 is spread by the Fresnel wrench screen 3 with a horizontal diffusion angle φx. Are intersected in the space in front of the Fresnel wrench screen 3 to form, for example, a cubic aerial image 31 indicated by a dashed square and a spherical aerial image 32 indicated by a dashed circle. Some of these rays enter the eyeball 34.

  A light ray incident on the eyeball 34 is a part of a light ray whose principal ray is parallel (telecentric) at a horizontal diffusion angle φx emitted from the Fresnel wrench screen 3. That is, the observer cannot observe the whole image of the magnified image on the Fresnel wrench screen 3 by one two-dimensional image display element 5, and observes only the partial parallax image of the two-dimensional image. However, since light from the plurality of two-dimensional image display elements 5 enters the observer's eyeball 34 at the same time, as a result, the entire projection image from one direction is perceived by the observer.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of an image on the retina at the time of visual observation. FIG. 8A is an image on the retina when the observer views the cubic spatial image 31 and the spherical spatial image 32 at a certain observation position. The retinal image shown in FIG. 8A is a composite of partial parallax images of a two-dimensional image. Actually, the two-dimensional image in which the observable range is limited as shown in FIG. 8B. A plurality of strip-shaped images, which are partial parallax images of an image, are connected.

  Examples of this strip-shaped image are shown in FIGS. These show images that are observed with the naked eye when an image is displayed on only one of the two-dimensional image display elements 5 in FIG. In FIG. 9A, an image of the left part of the spherical space image 32 is displayed. At this time, when the observation position is moved in the horizontal direction, the image of the central portion of the spherical space image 32 can be visually observed as shown in FIG. When the observation position is further moved in the horizontal direction, the right end of the spherical aerial image 32 shown in FIG. 9C, the left end of the cubic aerial image 31 shown in FIG. 9D, and FIG. 9E are shown. The projected image of the right end of the cubic aerial image 31 shown in FIG. 9F can be sequentially observed with the naked eye in the vicinity of the center of the cubic aerial image 31.

  Further, even when the observation position is fixed and the two-dimensional image display elements 5 are sequentially turned on one by one, it is possible to visually observe substantially the same images as in FIGS. . Of course, since the images projected from different directions are displayed on the different two-dimensional image display elements 5, the strip images to be observed with the naked eye are strictly the amount of parallax shown in FIGS. Only different.

  In the present embodiment, as will be described later, in the strip-shaped partial images constituting the projection image, the three LED light sources 1R, 1B are set so that two adjacent partial images have different chromaticities (hues). 1G and the image generation PC 6 are controlled.

Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be specifically described. In Figure 1, the synchronous driving circuit, three LED light sources 1R, 1B, 1G, in synchronization with each other, three primary colors light red light R, blue light B, and the green light G of the number m the projector 2 ₁ to 2 _m To exit. At this time, among the projectors 2 _{1 to} 2 _m , n1 projectors constituting the first group, n2 projectors constituting the second group, and n3 projectors constituting the third group (however, n1 + n2 + n3 = m) are incident on the three primary color lights different from each other, and each subfield obtained by dividing one frame into three equal parts, for example, is incident on the projectors in the above groups. Switch primary color light synchronously.

For example, the change in incident light of _five projectors 2 ₁ , 2 ₂ , 2 ₃ , 2 ₄ , and 2 ₅ arranged in the vertical direction among _m projectors 2 ₁ to 2 _m is shown in FIGS. ), (C), (d), and (e). Here, projectors 2 ₁ and 2 ₄ are projectors in the first group of projectors, projectors 2 ₂ and 2 ₅ are projectors in the second group of projectors, and projector 2 ₃ is in the third group. It is assumed that this is a projector in the projector group.

10, in a certain sub-field, the first LED light source 1R emits red light R to the projector 2 ₂ and 2 _5, a second LED light source 1B emits blue light B to the projector 2 _3, the 3 LED light source 1G emits green light G to projectors 2 ₁ and 2 ₄ .

In one subfield subsequent, the first LED light source 1R emits red light R to the projector 2 _3, the second LED light source 1B emits blue light B to the projector 2 ₁ and 2 _4, a third LED light source 1G emits green light G to projectors 2 ₂ and 2 ₅ . Further, in the subsequent one subfield, the first LED light source 1R emits red light R to the projectors 2 ₁ and 2 ₄ , the second LED light source 1B emits blue light B to the projectors 2 ₂ and 2 ₅ , the third LED light source 1G for emitting a green light G to the projector _{2 3.}

Hereinafter, similarly, the three LED light sources 1R, 1B, 1G is in the order assigned in advance, with respect to m of projectors 2 ₁ to 2 _m, so as not to overlap each other between the groups, in each subfield The light is switched cyclically and emitted.

Three LED light sources 1R, 1B, the red light emitted from the 1G R, blue light B, green light G is a fast response to the two-dimensional image displayed through the number m of illumination lens of the projector 2 ₁ a to 2 _m The element 5 is illuminated. Each two-dimensional image display element 5 is connected to the image generation PC 6 via a drive circuit (not shown), and displays an image of a sub-frame of the same primary color as the irradiated primary color light by plane sequential driving. The synchronization signal synchronized with the image output is input to an illumination light source drive circuit (not shown) to drive the LED light sources 1R, 1B, 1G at high speed.

Here, in FIGS. 11A, 11B, and 11C, the projection lenses 7 _{1 to} 7 ₂₅ and the openings 9 _{1 to} 9 _{25 in} the example of 25 projectors (m = 25) are viewed from the Fresnel wrench screen 3 side. In the front view, the irradiation primary color lights R, B, and G in the subfield are schematically shown by surrounding them with squares.

FIG. 11A, FIG. 11B, as shown in FIG. 11C, the two-dimensional image display device 5 ₁ to 5 ₂₅ of the projector 2 ₁ to 2 _25, the projection lens 7 _{1-7 25,} openings 91 _to 93 _25, the left end of the The two-dimensional image display elements 5 _{1 to} 5 ₅ , projection lenses 7 _{1 to} 7 ₅ , and apertures 9 _{1 to} 9 ₅ of the _first to _fifth projectors 21 to ₂₅ are arranged in the diagonally lower right direction from the top. Arranged in order. The two-dimensional image display elements 5 _{6 to} 5 ₁₀ and the projection lens 7 _{6 of the sixth} to _tenth projectors 2 ₆ to 2 _{10 in} the diagonally lower right direction from the top of the second horizontal position from the left end. ˜7 ₁₀ and openings 9 _{6 to} 9 ₁₀ are arranged in order, and thereafter, similarly, five projectors are arranged in an array of 25 units.

In this array arrangement, the red light R emitted from the two-dimensional image display device 25 units of the projector 2 ₁ to 2 ₂₅ three primary color light is switched irradiated for each subfield as shown in FIG. 10, the blue light B, Each image of the green light G is irradiated with primary color light images having different chromaticities at vertically adjacent openings as shown in FIG. 11A in one subfield. In the subsequent one subfield, as shown in FIG. 11B, primary color light images having different chromaticities from the immediately preceding subfield are irradiated with the vertically adjacent openings. In the subsequent one sub-field, as shown in FIG. 11C, primary color light images having different chromaticities from the immediately preceding sub-fields are irradiated at the vertically adjacent openings. Thereafter, the same operation is repeated cyclically in units of subfields and in a cycle of 1 frame (= 3 subfields).

Light emitted from the openings 9 _{1 to} 925 in the ₂₅ projectors having such an arrangement is irradiated on the Fresnel wrench screen 3 of FIG. 1 and is expanded only in the vertical direction. Thus, a retinal image perceived when a plurality of vertically long quadrangular pyramids as shown in FIG. 7B from the Fresnel wrench screen 3 simultaneously enter the eyeball 34 of the observer in FIG. As shown in FIG. 12A, the chromaticity (hue) of the strip-shaped image is arranged in the order of RGBRGBRGBRG from the left, and in the next subfield, the chromaticity (hue) is arranged in the order of GBRGBRGBRGB from the left as shown in FIG. In the sub-field of FIG. 12, they are arranged in the order of BRGBRGBRGBR as shown in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 12A to 12C, the retinal image perceived when entering the eyeball 34 of the observer at the same time is arranged with strip-like images of different chromaticities. Are integrated and synthesized and recognized as a color image as a whole.

  As a result, compared to the case where strip-shaped images of the same color are arranged in each subfield (that is, RRRRRRRRRRR, GGGGGGGGGGGG, BBBBBBBBBBB), the two strip-shaped images adjacent in the horizontal direction have different chromaticities, so that The color braking phenomenon of the fundus image obtained as a composite of images can be alleviated.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, in a multi-projection type three-dimensional image display device using a large number of single-plate liquid crystal display elements as the two-dimensional image display element 5, display capable of high-speed display by field sequential driving is possible. The two-dimensional image display element 5 which is a device is illuminated while shifting the phase of the blinking cycle of the monochromatic light source, and a specific display direction is given to a group of light beams from the plurality of two-dimensional image display elements 5 Simultaneously enter the observer's pupil as a group of rays.

  Thus, according to the present embodiment, partial parallax images of a plurality of two-dimensional images with a limited observable range arranged in the horizontal direction on the retina of the observer are imaged, and the plurality of two-dimensional images are Since the partial parallax images adjacent in the horizontal direction among the partial parallax images can be changed to partial parallax images having different chromaticities that are switched in units of subfields, the fundus oculi obtained as a combination of these partial parallax images The color braking phenomenon (color break phenomenon) of the image can be alleviated. Thus, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to realize a multi-projection type three-dimensional image display apparatus in which the apparatus can be easily downsized and the color braking phenomenon is reduced.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, for example, for m of projectors 2 ₁ to 2 _m, so as not to overlap with each other, FIG. 13A and cyclically switched in each subfield Irradiation may be performed as schematically shown in FIG. 13C. Here, FIG. 13A, FIG. 13B, and FIG. 13C show the projection lenses 7 _{1 to} 7 ₃₆ and the openings 9 _{1 to} 9 _{36 in} the example with 36 projectors (m = 36) as viewed from the Fresnel wrench screen 3 side. In the front view, the irradiation primary color lights R, B, and G in the subfield are schematically shown by surrounding them with squares. That is, the red light R emitted from the two-dimensional image display device 36 cars three primary color light is switched irradiated for each subfield of the projector 2 ₁ to 2 _36, the blue light B, the image of the green light G is 1 In the subfield, irradiation is performed as shown in FIG. 13A, in the subsequent one subfield, irradiation is performed as shown in FIG. 13B, and in the subsequent one subfield, irradiation is performed as shown in FIG. 13C. Thereafter, the same operation is repeated cyclically in units of subfields and in a cycle of 1 frame (= 3 subfields).

  That is, in the example shown in FIGS. 13A to 13C, the openings of six different projectors arranged in the horizontal direction are the same primary color light, and two adjacent openings among the six different projector openings arranged in the oblique vertical direction are used. Irradiates different primary colors and switches the primary colors for each subfield.

  By the way, the three-dimensional image display method of the present invention uses an image obtained by photographing an object from various angles with respect to the horizontal direction as the content (information content) of the three-dimensional display. Conventional multi-view display methods often use images taken by perspective projection both horizontally and vertically, but are not suitable for the implementation of the present invention. This is because the 3D image display method of the present invention does not represent the light rays emitted from an object (subject or object in CG technology) as a sample (viewpoint image) sampled from a specific viewpoint, but the angle of the light rays of the object. This is because quasi-parallel rays are required to reproduce the ray space by sampling in units.

  The meaning of “quasi-parallel rays” means that rays passing through the center of the aperture stop of the decentered projection optical system, that is, principal rays (principal rays) are in parallel (telecentric), in addition to principal rays (principal rays ) Also has a small divergence angle. A small divergence angle is important when forming an aerial image at a depth position away from the Fresnel wrench screen 3 including the shared lens 16 and the lenticular sheet 17.

  By projecting such telecentric rays (quasi-parallel rays) with a small divergence angle into space and forming intersections of these rays in different depth ranges of the space, a three-dimensional image can be expressed.

  As described above in detail, according to the present embodiment, a common image plane is arranged close to a multi-afocal optical system composed of a decentered multi-projection optical system and a Fresnel lens, and a large number of light beams are emitted into the space. Projecting to form an aerial image.

  In addition, according to the present embodiment, a conventional three-dimensional image display device using a high-density directional display method can be realized with a simple and compact optical system, and at the same time, a wide viewing area and a large screen are compatible. Becomes easier. Furthermore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to realize a natural three-dimensional image having good aberration characteristics and in which the discontinuity of the retinal image is not perceived by using a display device currently in practical use.

  The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, one subframe is not limited to 1/3 frame, and is 1 / 3k (k is a natural number of 1 or more). Good.

  In the above embodiment, for the sake of convenience, the description has been made with three primary colors of RGB. However, the number of primary colors is not limited to three, and the present invention can also be suitably implemented in so-called multi-primary color display with four or more primary colors. . In other words, by using four or more light sources (LED light sources and laser light sources) with different chromaticities, or by using one white light source and four or more color wheels, the color reproduction range can be expanded. 3D images with natural chromaticity can be displayed without color breakup.

  Further, as the two-dimensional image display element 5, a reflective liquid crystal display element can be used. For this reflective liquid crystal display element, it is preferable to use LCOS (Liquid Crystal On Silicon) which is a reflective liquid crystal display element having a high resolution. In particular, among D-ILA (registered trademark), which is an LCOS manufactured and sold by the present applicant, when a resolution of 4096 × 2160 pixels is used, a large-screen, high-resolution three-dimensional image display device is suitably realized. can do.

  Of course, in place of the reflective liquid crystal display element, other micro display devices such as transmissive liquid crystal represented by HTPS (High Temperature Poly-Silicon) and DLP (Digital Light Processing: registered trademark) Micro Display Device (MD) can also be used.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an embodiment of a three-dimensional image display device of the present invention. It is a schematic perspective view of an example of the principal part of FIG. 1, and the front view of each part. It is a schematic perspective view of an example of the lenticular sheet | seat of the principal part of the Fresnel wrench screen in FIG. It is a top view which shows the basic composition of the three-dimensional image display apparatus of this invention. It is a side view which shows the basic composition of the three-dimensional image display apparatus of this invention. It is a figure which shows embodiment of the projection optical system array which has a decentration. It is a figure which shows the effect | action of the lenticular surface in a Fresnel wrench screen. It is FIG. (1) which shows an example of the image on the retina at the time of macroscopic observation. It is FIG. (2) which shows an example of the image on the retina at the time of macroscopic observation. It is a figure which shows typically one Embodiment of the change of the incident light of the five projectors in FIG. FIG. 6 is a diagram (part 1) schematically showing irradiation primary color light in a subfield in a front view of a projection lens and an aperture of an example with 25 projectors as viewed from the Fresnel / wrench screen side. FIG. 6 is a diagram (part 2) schematically showing irradiation primary color light in a subfield in a front view of a projection lens and openings of an example with 25 projectors as viewed from the Fresnel / wrench screen side. FIG. 6 is a diagram (part 3) schematically showing irradiation primary color light in a subfield in a front view of a projection lens and openings of an example having 25 projectors as viewed from the Fresnel / wrench screen side. It is a figure which shows an example of the chromaticity (hue) of the strip-shaped image in each subfield perceived when the light radiate | emitted from the Fresnel wrench screen injects into an observer's eyeball simultaneously. FIG. 6 is a diagram (part 1) schematically showing irradiation primary color light in a certain subfield in a front view of a projection lens and an aperture of 36 projectors as viewed from the Fresnel / wrench screen side. FIG. 5 is a diagram (part 2) schematically showing irradiation primary color light in the next one subfield in a front view of a projection lens and an aperture of 36 projectors as viewed from the Fresnel / wrench screen side. FIG. 6 is a diagram (part 3) schematically showing irradiation primary color light in a subfield in a front view of a projection lens and an aperture of an example of 36 projectors as viewed from the Fresnel / wrench screen side.

Explanation of symbols

1R, 1B, 1G LED light source 2 ₁ to 2 _m projector 3 Fresnel wrench screen 5, 5 _{1 to} 5 _m 2D image display element 6 Image generation PC (personal computer)
7, 7 ₁ to _7-m projection lens 8 Host PC (personal computer)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 9 Aperture 10 Two-dimensional image display element array 12 Lens array 14 Aperture array 16 Shared lens 17 Lenticular sheet 18 Common image plane 19 Optical axis 31 Space image of cube 32 Space image of sphere 34 Eyeball 100 Three-dimensional image display device

Claims (4)

A plurality of two-dimensional image display elements that are two-dimensionally arranged in the horizontal direction and the oblique vertical direction are field-sequentially driven in subfield units obtained by dividing one frame into a plurality of frames, respectively. A first step of generating a two-dimensional image group in which two two-dimensional images that are dimensionally arranged and at least two adjacent two-dimensional images in the oblique vertical direction are arranged with different chromaticities;
Enlarged images expanded in the horizontal and vertical directions by projecting light from each two-dimensional image constituting the two-dimensional image group in different directions with directivity by a plurality of decentered imaging optical systems. A second step of forming in the same region;
For a group of rays diverging from the magnified image, a specific display direction that is quasi-parallel rays in the horizontal direction and diffused rays in the vertical direction is given, and the display direction is given A third step of displaying a three-dimensional image at an intersection formed by the group of rays formed in space;
The partial parallax images of a plurality of two-dimensional images with a limited observable range arranged in a horizontal direction on the retina of the observer by simultaneously entering the light ray group having the display direction into the observer's pupil. A fourth step of forming an image, and among the partial parallax images of the plurality of two-dimensional images, two partial parallax images adjacent in the horizontal direction are different from each other in chromaticity, and the chromaticity is A three-dimensional image display method, wherein the partial parallax image is switched in units of subfields.   In the first step, among the two-dimensional image display elements that are two-dimensionally arranged in the horizontal direction and the oblique vertical direction, two two-dimensional image display elements adjacent in the oblique vertical direction are Two-dimensional images of different primary colors out of N primary colors (N is a natural number of 3 or more) having different chromaticities are displayed, and the primary colors of the two-dimensional image are represented by 1 / Nk (k is one frame). By performing field sequential driving on the plurality of two-dimensional image display elements, the two-dimensional images adjacent to each other at least in the diagonally vertical direction are different. The three-dimensional image display method according to claim 1, wherein a two-dimensional image group in which two-dimensional images of primary colors are arranged is generated. A plurality of light sources that emit illumination light of a plurality of different chromaticities;
A plurality of two-dimensional image display elements arranged two-dimensionally in a horizontal direction and an oblique vertical direction;
The two-dimensional image display element is irradiated with illumination light from one light source selected from the plurality of light sources in subfield units obtained by dividing one frame into a plurality of sub-fields, and at least two adjacent in the oblique vertical direction. The two-dimensional image display element is irradiated with illumination light having a different chromaticity, and field sequential driving is performed to supply an image signal having the same chromaticity as the illumination light to the two-dimensional image display element. A two-dimensional image group in which two dimensional images arranged in two directions in the direction and oblique vertical direction and at least two two-dimensional images adjacent in the oblique vertical direction are arranged with different chromaticities are formed by the plurality of two-dimensional image display elements. Synchronization control means to generate,
A plurality of decentered plurality of light beams from the two-dimensional images constituting the two-dimensional image group are projected in different directions with directivity to form enlarged images enlarged in the horizontal and vertical directions in the same region. An imaging optical system;
A ray group that gives a specific display direction that is a quasi-parallel ray with respect to the horizontal direction and a diffused ray with respect to the vertical direction is generated with respect to the ray group that diverges from the magnified image. And an optical system for displaying a three-dimensional image at an intersection formed in the space by the group of rays to which the display direction is given in a horizontal direction on the observer's retina. A partial parallax image of a plurality of two-dimensional images with a limited observable range is formed, and the two partial parallax images adjacent in the horizontal direction are different in chromaticity from each other, and the chromaticity thereof Is a partial parallax image that switches in units of subfields. The synchronization control means includes
Among the plurality of two-dimensional image display elements arranged two-dimensionally in the horizontal direction and the oblique vertical direction, N colors having different chromaticities with respect to two adjacent two-dimensional image display elements in the oblique vertical direction Of two primary colors (N is a natural number greater than or equal to 3) are displayed, and the primary color of the two-dimensional image is divided into 1 / Nk (k is a natural number greater than or equal to 1) By performing field sequential driving for cyclic switching in units of subfields on the plurality of two-dimensional image display elements, at least two two-dimensional images adjacent in the oblique vertical direction are arranged with two-dimensional images of different primary colors. The three-dimensional image display device according to claim 3, wherein the two-dimensional image group is generated.