JP2009222543A - Clinical thermometer - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an inexpensive stuck-type continuous clinical thermometer usable easily, mountable without being a hindrance, capable of displaying a deep body temperature and monitoring and reporting whether a body temperature is kept in a sufficiently insulating state to an environmental temperature change. <P>SOLUTION: In a measuring probe having a fixed heat capacity and thermal conductivity, a first temperature detection means and a second temperature detection means are arranged respectively on a center part and on the end on the body surface side of a discoid body formed of a deformable material close to the body surface of a living body, and thermal conduction from the living body is changed by thinning a body peripheral part, and the body temperature is measured, and it is determined whether the body temperature is in the sufficiently insulating state to the environmental temperature change by a temperature difference between both means, and a body surface temperature is displayed as a deep body temperature estimated value. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a thermometer for measuring body temperature and a biological information monitoring device including body temperature measurement.

  Typical body temperature measurement applications at home are body temperature measurement when a fever is caused by a cold or influenza, and body temperature measurement as a female thermometer. Body temperature measurement during fever is an effective means of determining the progress and recovery of the pathological condition, but it is easy and unconscious to continuously measure body temperature even when resting in a futon. If this is possible, you can quickly detect sudden body temperature rises, know that the body temperature is decreasing toward recovery, and be relieved, and become a new type of device that supports rest. Yeah. In addition, a female thermometer can predict the date of ovulation by continuously measuring the minimum body temperature before waking up.

  Conventional mercury thermometers, electronic thermometers, and women's thermometers require several minutes for a single measurement, and it is necessary to keep the thermometer in the armpit or oral cavity. Obviously it is not suitable. In addition, in the case of a female thermometer, it is not easy to keep measuring the body temperature every day before getting up.

  For this purpose, it would be very convenient to have a device that can monitor body temperature simply by attaching a small thermometer to the body surface. In the case of a continuous body temperature monitor, a device capable of continuously monitoring body temperature wirelessly from a thermometer attached to a display device or a wristwatch type display device installed on the bedside is desired. In the case of a female thermometer, the thermometer is affixed to the body before going to bed, then wakes up normally in the morning. Therefore, a device that can transfer body temperature data to a display device, obtain and record the minimum body temperature in the display device, and predict and display the date of ovulation is desired.

  The problem with measuring the body temperature with a thermometer attached to the body surface is that the attached thermometer feels uncomfortable, and the body surface temperature is easily affected by the temperature of the external environment, resulting in a body temperature different from the deep body temperature. This is the point. As a means for estimating the deep body temperature from the body surface temperature, several methods have already been filed as patents.

  Patent document 1 covers the heat insulating material installed on the body surface with a heat conductor, and adjusts so that the temperature difference between the body surface side of the heat insulating material and the heat conductor side is eliminated by using a heater installed on the upper part of the body temperature. Is estimated. If there is no temperature difference, heat dissipation from the body surface is eliminated, and the body surface temperature matches the deep body temperature.

  In Patent Document 2, a heat insulating material is arranged on the body surface, and the relationship between the heat flow dissipated from the heat insulating material surface and the body surface temperature is approximated by a one-dimensional heat conduction equation in a thermal equilibrium state, and a heater is unnecessary. However, it is necessary to use an estimated value for the thermal conductivity of the living body near the body surface and the distance to the deep part, and there is a problem in measurement accuracy.

  Patent Document 3 has the same configuration as Patent Document 2, but by approximating using a one-dimensional heat conduction equation including a time term, cancels the terms of the thermal conductivity of the living body and the distance to the deep part, and deep body temperature. Can be estimated.

Patent Document 4 prepares two thermometers having the same configuration as Patent Document 2, changes the thermal conditions such as the thickness of the heat insulating material, and measures the body temperature at two locations on the body surface. The terms of thermal conductivity and distance to the deep part are canceled.
Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 55-29794 (4 pages, FIG. 2) JP 61-120026 (page 5, FIG. 1) Japanese translation of PCT publication No. 2001-522466 (page 25, FIG. 2) JP 2006-308538 A (page 49, FIG. 2)

  The deep body temperature measuring methods shown in Patent Document 1 to Patent Document 4 are all invented for the purpose of accurately obtaining the deep body temperature from the body surface temperature. In the method of Patent Document 1, in order to supply heater power, it is necessary to connect a sensor unit affixed to the body to an external device by wire, which disturbs rest. In the method of Patent Document 2, it is necessary to use estimated values for the thermal conductivity of the living body near the body surface and the distance to the deep part, and there is a problem in measurement accuracy. The method of Patent Document 3 estimates the deep body temperature from the change in body surface temperature in an unsteady state, and there is a risk that the temperature measurement accuracy may decrease after reaching the steady state. In the method of Patent Document 4, there is a risk that an error in the deep body temperature occurs when the heat conduction characteristics of the heat insulating materials installed at two locations deviate from predetermined characteristics due to structural or variation at the time of wearing. Moreover, the condition that the thermal resistance to the two living body deep part installed is the same is imposed, and accuracy will be influenced by whether the actual thermal resistance can be kept the same.

  The present invention relates to a main body that can be brought into close contact with the surface of a living body, a first temperature detection means disposed on a contact surface of the main body with the living body, and a place where the first temperature detection means is disposed. Second temperature detection means disposed at a position facing the surface of the living body, control means for measuring the temperature at predetermined time intervals using the first temperature detection means and the second temperature detection means, Estimating the heat conduction characteristics of the main body and the deep part from the time change of the measured temperature, calculating means for calculating the time change of the deep body temperature from the estimated heat conduction characteristic and the time change of the temperature and temperature, And a display means for continuously displaying time changes.

  The present invention also provides a main body that can be brought into close contact with the surface of a living body, a plurality of temperature detecting means disposed on a surface of the main body that contacts the living body, and a plurality of temperatures disposed on a surface of the main body facing the living body surface. Detecting means, control means for measuring the temperature at predetermined time intervals using all the temperature detecting means, and estimating the heat conduction characteristics of the main body and the deep part from the time change of the measured temperature, The present invention is characterized in that it has conduction means, calculation means for calculating and calculating the time change of the deep body temperature from the temperature and the time change of temperature, and display means for continuously displaying the time change of the deep body temperature.

  The present invention also relates to a main body that can be brought into close contact with the surface of a living body, a first temperature detecting means disposed on a contact surface of the main body with the living body, and a place where the first temperature detecting means is disposed. A pair of second temperature detection means arranged at positions facing the living body surface of the main body as a pair, a plurality of pairs of temperature detection means arranged on different main bodies, and a predetermined time using all the temperature detection means Control means for measuring temperature at intervals and estimating the heat conduction characteristics of the main body and the deep part from the time change of the measured temperature, and the time change of the deep body temperature from the estimated heat conduction characteristic and the time change of the temperature and temperature It is characterized by having a calculation means which calculates | requires by calculating, and a display means which displays the time change of deep body temperature continuously.

The heat conduction characteristics of the present invention include a thermal resistance Re between the first temperature detection means and the second temperature detection means, a thermal resistance Rb between the first temperature detection means and the living body deep part, It is preferable that the heat capacity is an equivalent heat capacity C of the living body and the body near the living body surface to which one temperature detection means is in contact.

  In addition, the plurality of temperature detecting means of the present invention are two pairs, and the heat conduction characteristics are the thermal resistance Re1 between the first temperature detecting means and the second temperature detecting means, the first temperature detecting means and the living body. Between the thermal resistance Rb1 between the deep part, the equivalent heat capacity C1 of the living body and the body in the vicinity of the living body contacted by the first temperature detecting means, and the third temperature detecting means and the fourth temperature detecting means The thermal resistance Re2, the thermal resistance Rb2 between the third temperature detection means and the living body deep portion, and the equivalent heat capacity C2 of the living body and the body in the vicinity of the living body surface in contact with the third temperature detection means are preferable.

  The heat conduction characteristics of the present invention include a thermal resistance Re1 between the first temperature detection means and the second temperature detection means, a thermal resistance Rb1 between the first temperature detection means and the living body deep part, An equivalent heat capacity C1 of the living body and the body in the vicinity of the living body surface to which the temperature detecting means contacts, a thermal resistance Re2 between the third temperature detecting means and the fourth temperature detecting means, and a third temperature detecting means, In a path connecting the first resistance detection means and the second temperature detection means, the thermal resistance Rb2 between the living body deep part, the equivalent heat capacity C2 of the living body and the body in the vicinity of the living body surface in contact with the third temperature detection means It is preferable that the thermal resistance Rx is equivalent to the living body and the body in the vicinity of the adjacent living body surface.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the main body of the present invention is used in close contact with the body surface using an adhesive material.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the display device including the display unit of the present invention is installed at a location away from the measurement probe including the temperature detection unit.

  The display device and the measurement probe of the present invention preferably transmit data by wireless communication.

  The measurement probe of the present invention preferably has a unique identification number, and it is preferable to transmit the identification number by wireless communication.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the measurement probe of the present invention has a chargeable power storage means and can be reused by charging.

  The power storage means of the present invention preferably includes a power receiving coil and a power receiving means, the display device preferably includes a power transmission means and a power transmission coil, and the power storage means is charged from the display device by electromagnetic induction.

  In addition, the display device of the present invention intermittently generates an electromagnetic field using the power transmission unit and the power transmission coil at a predetermined timing, and the measurement probe detects the electromagnetic field using the reception coil and the power reception unit. It is preferable to determine that the display device and the measurement probe are located within a predetermined distance.

  When the measurement probe of the present invention and the display device are located within a predetermined distance, it is preferable to operate the measurement probe in a low power consumption state.

  Further, when the measurement probe of the present invention and the display device are located within a predetermined distance, it is preferable to charge the power storage means according to the charge state of the power storage means.

  In addition, it is preferable that the charging state of the power storage unit of the present invention is transmitted to the display device using the transmission unit, the transmission antenna, the reception antenna, and the reception unit, and displayed on the display unit.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the display means of this invention detects the temperature and humidity of the place where the display means was installed, and displays it on a display means.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to easily and continuously monitor the deep body temperature without feeling uncomfortable while sleeping or resting in a resting state. Moreover, in this invention, the change of the deep body temperature when it exists in a sufficient heat insulation state can be continuously monitored. That is, it becomes possible to monitor the deep body temperature easily and stably regardless of the unsteady state or the steady state.

  Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the estimation error due to the structural variation of the probe. Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to reduce errors based on the relative uniformity of the heat conduction characteristics in the deep part of the living body.

  Also, regarding usage, body temperature can be measured simply by removing the thermometer of the present invention from the storage location of the display device and attaching it to a part of the body, and maintenance such as turning on / off the power switch, setting the operation mode, and replacing the battery is possible. An unnecessary and easy-to-use thermometer can be realized.

  In addition, according to the present invention, the body temperature during sleep and rest can be monitored at a place where the nurse is away, so that safe nursing can be performed. For example, it is possible to detect and inform the nurse that the futon has shifted during sleep and the body temperature has decreased. In addition, when the body temperature suddenly rises, it is possible to notify an emergency situation to a nurse at a remote location.

  In addition, when using it as a female thermometer, it is easy to obtain information such as the date of ovulation by automatically collecting and analyzing the minimum body temperature while sleeping by simply putting a thermometer on the body surface every day and removing it after waking up. Becomes easy.

  Moreover, the temperature information for every part can be easily obtained by mounting a plurality of thermometers of the present invention.

  The thermometer of the present invention includes a measuring unit that is attached to the body surface and measures the body temperature, and a display unit that displays a body surface or a deep part temperature obtained based on the measured body temperature data, an alarm, and the like. Hereinafter, an embodiment of the thermometer of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the structure of the measurement unit of the thermometer of the present invention. The main body 2 of the measurement probe 1 has a certain heat capacity and heat conduction, and is made of a material that is in close contact with the body surface 6 of the living body 5 and can be deformed. The shape of the main body 2 is a disk shape or a rectangular shape, and the heat insulating material 7 is disposed so as to cover the main body 2. The first temperature detection means 3A is disposed at the center of the body 2 on the body surface side, and the second temperature detection means 3B is disposed at a position opposite to the body so that the temperature of the body 2 passes through the body surface. It is possible to measure how it changes.

  As the material of the main body 2, a material that adheres closely along the body surface, such as a foamed rubber sheet, easily deforms with respect to the movement of the body and does not feel uncomfortable is suitable.

  The first temperature detecting means 3A and the second temperature detecting means 3B include a thermistor or platinum temperature measuring element which is a temperature-dependent resistor, a temperature sensor circuit formed on a semiconductor chip, such as a diffused resistor or a poly The temperature dependency of the silicon thin film, the temperature dependency of the forward voltage of the PN junction, the temperature dependency of the oscillation frequency in an oscillation circuit such as a ring oscillator or a multivibrator can be used.

  FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating a circuit block of the thermometer according to the first embodiment. The temperature measured by the first and second temperature detecting means 3 is obtained by the calculating means 10 to obtain the state of the body surface temperature change, to calculate the deep body temperature and to determine various alarms. The control means 11 is a circuit that performs control for measuring temperature at predetermined time intervals, performing calculation, and displaying the result on the display means 12. A measurement time interval of about once every few seconds to several minutes is suitable, but is not limited thereto. By shortening the measurement time interval when the change in body temperature is abrupt and increasing it when it is stable, the power consumption can be reduced without sacrificing the accuracy of the body temperature information.

  FIG. 7 shows a heat transfer circuit for explaining a temperature change in a state where the thermometer of the first embodiment is attached to a living body. In the heat transfer circuit, the reciprocal of thermal conductivity is represented by resistance, the heat capacity is represented by capacity, and the heat source is represented by voltage source. The heat transfer circuit should originally be expressed as a distributed constant circuit, but here it is approximately expressed as a lumped constant circuit as follows. That is, the deep body temperature of the living body is the heat source Tb, the temperature detected by the first temperature detecting means 3A is the surface temperature Ts, and the temperature detected by the second temperature detecting means 3B is the environmental temperature Te, from the deep body to the body surface. Is equivalent to Rb, the equivalent thermal resistance in the thickness direction of the central portion of the main body 2 is Re, and the heat capacity of the main body and the living body in the vicinity of the first temperature detecting means 3A is C.

  The deep body temperature Tb when the heat transfer circuit shown in FIG. 7 reaches the thermal equilibrium state can be expressed as Equation 1 using the temperatures Ts and Te and the equivalent constants C, Rb, and Re of the heat transfer circuit.

  Therefore, if the thermal resistance Rb of the living body, the thermal resistance Re of the body, and the heat capacity C are known, the deep body temperature is measured using the temperatures Ts and Te measured by the first temperature detection means 3A and the second temperature detection means 3B. Can be estimated.

  However, in reality, since the thermal resistance Rb of the living body cannot be accurately known in advance, a plausible value can only be predicted and used, resulting in an error in deep body temperature.

  The present invention provides a method for estimating the deep body temperature without knowing the equivalent constant in advance by estimating the equivalent constants C, Rb, and Re from changes in the measured values of the body temperature. The estimation of the equivalent constants C, Rb, and Re is performed simultaneously with actual temperature measurement, that is, body temperature measurement. Table 1 shows body temperature measurement data representing changes in the body surface temperature Ts and the environmental temperature Te over time since the start of body temperature measurement. At this time, the time differential dTs / dT of the body surface Ts can be expressed by Equation 2 from the theory of heat conduction.

  The first term on the right side represents the heat flow flowing from the deep part to the body surface, the second term represents the heat flow flowing from the environment to the body surface, and the magnitude of the heat flow to the body surface is proportional to the temperature change of the body surface temperature Ts. Show. The denominator on the right side is the time constant (C × Rb) of the heat flow transmitted through the living body and the time constant (C × Re) of the heat flow transmitted through the main body, respectively.

  Since this body temperature measurement data changes according to Equation 2, C, Rb, Re, and Ts, which are unknowns, can be obtained by using mathematical means such as the least square method using Equation 2 as an observation equation. . That is, the observation amount is dTs / dt, and the unknown parameters are C, Rb, Re, and Ts.

  In order to use dTs / dt as an observation value, time differential data of the body surface temperature Ts is required. However, since the body temperature measurement data is data of the body surface temperature Ts with respect to time, the time derivative can be easily calculated. As shown in Table 2, it can be converted into a set of observation data consisting of time derivative dTs / dt of body surface temperature, body surface temperature Ts, and environmental temperature Te.

  In the least square method, the number of data needs to be larger than the number of unknowns. However, since the body surface temperature Ts changes with time, there are unknowns equal to the number of data, including C, Rb, and Re. It is not possible to find all unknowns. Therefore, using the fact that the fluctuation of the deep body temperature Tb is relatively gentle, and assuming that the deep body temperature Tb is constant within a certain time, the number of unknowns can be reduced from the number of data, The unknowns can be estimated. In this case, the obtained deep body temperature Tb can be considered as an average deep body temperature within a certain period of time.

  Formula 2 includes four unknowns including C, Rb, and Re including the deep body temperature Tb, but the unknowns can be reduced to three by replacing with time constants τb = C × Rb and τe = C × Re. When the constants vb = 1 / τb and ve = 1 / τe, which are the reciprocals of the time constant, are used as the unknowns for later calculations, the observation equation f becomes as shown in Equation 3.

  In order to estimate an unknown parameter using the least square method using Equation 3 as an observation equation, it is first necessary to differentiate the observation equation f with three unknown parameters Tb, vb, and ve. Assuming that the differentiations are dfdTb, dfdvb, and dfdve, respectively, they are expressed as Equation 4, Equation 5, and Equation 6, respectively.

As a result of differentiation by an unknown number, since the unknown number itself (Tb and vb) is included in the differential expression, it is necessary to take a calculation method of a nonlinear least square method. That is, Tb0 and vb0 are estimated and used as initial values of the unknowns Tb and vb included in the differentiation, and errors ΔTb and Δvb included in these initial values are obtained by the least square method, and Tb = Tb0 + ΔTb, vb = v
The calculation is repeated using b0 + Δvb. When the error ΔTb and the error Δvb become sufficiently small, the calculation is terminated to obtain a final unknown.

  The initial values Tb0 and vb of unknown parameters can be obtained using measurement data at the start of body temperature measurement. Usually, since a thermometer is stored at room temperature of about 25 ° C., when the thermometer is attached to the body surface, the temperature immediately increases monotonously toward a deep body temperature of about 37 ° C. The initial value vb0 of the unknown parameter vb can be obtained from the time constant of the temperature rise at this time, and the unknown parameter Tb0 can be obtained from the saturation value of the temperature rise.

  The unknown parameters Tb, vb, and ve can be obtained by the above calculation procedure, and the temporal change of the deep body temperature Tb can be calculated from these unknown parameters and thermometer data. When Equation 3 is solved for the deep body temperature Tb, Equation 7 is obtained.

  That is, the temporal change of the deep body temperature Tb can be calculated from the time differentiation of the body temperature measurement data Ts, Te, and Ts.

  In this embodiment, in order to simplify the calculation, the unknown parameters Tb, vb, and ve are obtained by the method of least squares. However, in principle, the depth temperature is calculated after obtaining the circuit constant of the heat transfer circuit. It is none other than.

  The third term on the right side of Equation 7 is the contribution of time differentiation of the body surface temperature Ts, and approaches zero when it is close to an equilibrium state. Conversely, when the temperature change is far from the equilibrium state, it becomes large. This time derivative term includes an error in the non-equilibrium state due to the effect of approximate expression of the heat transfer circuit with a lumped constant, so the accuracy of deep body temperature is estimated by consciously adjusting the contribution of time derivative. Can be raised.

The above procedure is summarized in FIG.
S1: A thermometer is attached to the body surface, body temperature is measured to create data (Table 1), and S2: initial values vb0 and ve0 of unknown parameters vb and ve are estimated from the body temperature measurement data (Table 1).
S3: Creates a time differential of body surface temperature Ts, a data table (Table 2) of body surface temperature Ts, and environmental temperature Te, and uses equation 3 as an observation equation and uses initial values vb 0 and ve 0 as a nonlinear least square method. Thus, unknown equivalent constants Tb, vb, and ve are obtained.
S4: Using the obtained equivalent constants vb and ve and the data table (Table 2), the time change of the deep body temperature Tb is calculated from Equation 7.
S5: The obtained deep body temperature Tb is displayed on the display device.

The present invention uses two temperature detection means, and can estimate the deep body temperature by estimating the equivalent constant of the heat transfer circuit of the temperature probe from the body surface temperature Ts and the environmental temperature Te in a non-equilibrium state. Therefore, it is possible to estimate the deep body temperature even if the thermal resistance Re of the probe body, the thermal resistance Rb of the living body, and the heat capacity C near the body surface are unknown.

  Next, the case of continuously monitoring the deep body temperature using this thermometer will be described.

  In the present embodiment, the main body 2 has a disk shape or a rectangular shape, and the temperature detection means is disposed at the center thereof. However, the shape may be an ellipse, a rectangle, or an arbitrary shape, and the location is not limited to the center. .

  Moreover, in this embodiment, the heat insulating material 7 shown in FIG. 1 has a function which moderates the change of body surface temperature Ts and environmental temperature Te, and, thereby, a differential term at the time of calculating | requiring deep body temperature using Numerical formula 7. The error can be reduced. Therefore, it is preferable that the heat insulating material 5 has a higher thermal resistance than the main body 2.

  A foamed resin such as urethane or polystyrene is suitable as the heat insulating material, but natural materials such as cotton and wool can also be used.

  In the present embodiment, the first temperature detecting means 3A and the second temperature detecting means 3B are embedded in the surface of the main body. However, as shown in FIG. Thermal conductive layers 103A and 103B such as rubber sheets in which particles are kneaded may be arranged to measure the average temperature over the entire large area of the main body. In any structure, the body temperature is estimated by obtaining an equivalent constant approximated to the equivalent heat transfer circuit shown in FIG. 7, so that the same calculation method can be used even if there is a structural difference. It is.

  Further, in this embodiment, the temperature detection means is arranged in one pair up and down across the main body, but is not limited to one pair, includes a plurality of temperature detection means, and estimates the deep body temperature for each pair. The average may be obtained.

(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the structure of the measurement unit of the second embodiment of the thermometer of the present invention. Unlike the first embodiment, two pairs of temperature detection means are arranged. The main body 2 is configured using a material having a thermal resistance of the central portion 8 different from that of the outer peripheral portion, and a pair of temperature detecting means, that is, a first temperature detecting means 3A and a second temperature detecting means 3B, Another pair of temperature detection means, that is, the third temperature detection means 4A and the fourth temperature detection means 4B are arranged on the outer peripheral portion. The temperature detecting means 3A, 3B, 4A, 4B are arranged on the heat conductive layers 103A, 103B, 104A, 104B, respectively, and can measure the average temperature of the region sandwiched between the upper and lower heat conductive layers. Yes.

  In this embodiment, by changing the thermal conductivity of the central portion 8 of the main body 2 from that of the outer peripheral portion, a common deep body temperature is estimated under conditions where the body surface temperature and the environmental temperature are different from each other. Thus, it is possible to improve the estimation accuracy.

  FIG. 8 shows a heat transfer circuit for explaining a temperature change in a state where the thermometer of the second embodiment is attached to a living body. As in the first embodiment, the reciprocal of the thermal conductivity is represented by a resistor, the heat capacity is represented by a capacity, the heat source is represented by a voltage source, and is approximately represented by a lumped constant circuit. The living body's deep body temperature is the heat source Tb, the temperature detected by the first temperature detecting means 3A disposed in the central portion 8 of the main body 2 is the surface temperature Ts1, and the temperature detected by the second temperature detecting means 3B is the environmental temperature Te1. In the outer peripheral portion of the main body 2, the temperature detected by the third temperature detecting means 4A is the outer peripheral surface temperature Ts2, and the temperature detected by the fourth temperature detecting means 4B is the outer peripheral environmental temperature Te2.

The equivalent thermal resistance from the deep part of the living body to the body surface is Rb1 and Rb2 at the center and the outer periphery, respectively, Re1 is the equivalent thermal resistance in the thickness direction of the center of the main body 2, and the thermal resistance at the outer periphery 8 Re
2, the heat capacity of the main body and the living body in the vicinity of the first temperature detection means 3A at the center is C1, and the heat capacity at the outer periphery is C2.

  The body temperature Tb in the state where the heat transfer circuit shown in FIG. 8 has reached the thermal equilibrium state uses temperatures Ts1, Te1, Ts2, and Te2, equivalent constants C1 and C2 of the heat transfer circuit, and thermal resistances Rb1, Rb2, Re1, and Re2. Can be expressed as Equations 8a and 8b.

  As in the first embodiment, the deep body temperature is estimated without knowing the equivalent constant in advance by estimating the equivalent constant of the heat transfer circuit from the change in the measured value of the body temperature. Table 3 shows body temperature measurement data representing changes in temperatures Ts1, Ts2, Te1, and Te2 over time since the start of body temperature measurement. At this time, the time derivative dTs1 / dt of the body surface temperature Ts1 and the time derivative dTs2 / dt of the outer peripheral body surface temperature Ts2 can be expressed by Equations 9a and 9b based on heat conduction theory.

  Here, the speed constants vb1, vb2, ve1, and ve2 are defined as Equations 10a, 10b, 10c, and 10d, respectively.

  Since the body temperature measurement data changes in accordance with Equations 9a and 9b, using mathematical means such as the least square method using both Equations 9a and 9b as observation equations, C1, C2, vb1, and vb2 that are unknown numbers are used. , Ve1, ve2 can be obtained. That is, in this embodiment, since the common deep body temperature Tb is estimated from two pairs of temperature measurement data, the temperature estimation accuracy can be improved.

  Similar to the first embodiment, the time differential data of the body surface temperatures Ts1 and Ts2 are calculated from the body temperature measurement data, and it is assumed that the deep body temperature Tb is constant within a certain period of time.

Similar to the first embodiment, an unknown parameter, that is, a circuit constant of the heat transfer circuit, is obtained by repeatedly performing a least squares calculation based on Tb0, vb01, and vb02 as initial values of the unknowns Tb, vb1, and vb2. I can do it.

  If the unknown constants Tb, vb1, ve1, vb2, and ve2 are obtained, the temporal change of the deep body temperature Tb can be calculated using these constants. When Equations 9a and 9b are solved for deep body temperature Tb, two equations are obtained for Tb as shown in Equations 11a and 11b.

  The two deep temperatures are supposed to coincide with each other, but an error occurs because the heat transfer circuit used for the calculation is only an approximation. As the deep body temperature, the error can be reduced by calculating the average of the two deep temperatures. On the other hand, if the two deep temperatures coincide with each other, it can be expected that the estimation result of the deep body temperature is highly reliable and can be used as an index thereof.

  Since this embodiment estimates the common deep body temperature from the data of the body surface temperature and the environmental temperature in a plurality of pairs of non-equilibrium states, it is possible to estimate the deep temperature with higher accuracy than in the first embodiment. .

  Further, in this embodiment, two pairs of temperature detection means are used, but it is easy to expand to a plurality of temperature detection means of three pairs or more, and it is possible to improve the estimation accuracy of the deep body temperature. . When three pairs of temperature detecting means are provided, the temperatures at the center, middle, and outer circumference may be measured concentrically, and the circuit constants are different at any three points without providing a heat conduction layer ( It is also possible to arrange such that the thermal resistance is different.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the central portion 8 and the outer peripheral portion of the main body 2 use the same material, but as shown in FIG. The thermal resistance may be changed by changing.

  Moreover, the center part of the main body 2 is thick, and it is also possible to use a shape that gradually decreases toward the peripheral part. Furthermore, any shape can be used as long as the heat transfer circuit constants are different.

  In FIG. 5, the main body 2 and the central portion 8 and the outer periphery are the same as those in the present embodiment, but the heat conduction layer on the upper surface is shared by the second temperature detection means 3B and the fourth temperature detection means 4B. . In this case, the environmental temperatures Te1 and Te2 are the same, and it is possible to omit either the second temperature detection means 3B or the fourth temperature detection means 4B. The heat transfer circuit at this time has an environmental temperature common to Te as shown in FIG. The estimation of the deep body temperature can be easily calculated by using Te instead of Te1 and Te2 in this embodiment.

(Third embodiment)
In the third embodiment of the present invention, the structure of the thermometer probe is the same as that of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 3 or FIG. 4, but the modeled heat transfer circuit is the same as that of the second embodiment shown in FIG. It differs from that of the embodiment. FIG. 10 shows a heat transfer circuit of the present embodiment. The difference from FIG. 7 is that a thermal resistance Rx exists between the central body surface temperature Ts1 and the peripheral body surface temperature Ts2. This thermal resistance is caused by the living body near the body surface between the heat conducting layer 103A carrying the first temperature detecting means 3A and the heat conducting layer 104A carrying the third temperature detecting means 4A, and the central part 2A of the main body 2 and This is the equivalent thermal resistance at the periphery. The details other than the first temperature measuring means 3A, the third temperature detecting means 4A, and the thermal resistance Rx are the same as those in FIG.

  As in the first embodiment, it is possible to estimate the deep body temperature without knowing the equivalent constant in advance by estimating the equivalent constant of the heat transfer circuit from the change in the measured value of the body temperature. The time derivative dTs1 / dt of the body surface temperature Ts1 and the time derivative dTs2 / dt of the outer peripheral body surface temperature Ts2 can be expressed by Equations 12a and 12b based on heat conduction theory. Reciprocals of time constants vb1, vb2, ve1, ve2, vx1, and vx2 are shown in Equation 13a, Equation 13b, Equation 13c, Equation 13d, Equation 13e, and Equation 13f.

  In the present embodiment, by incorporating a heat flow path as the thermal resistance Rx between the central body surface temperature Ts1 and the peripheral body surface temperature Ts2, a relationship is generated between both (Ts1 and Ts2). When the relationship between body surface temperatures Ts1 and Ts2 is solved from Equations 11a and 11b, Equation 14 is obtained. It should be noted that the expression 14 does not include the deep body temperature Tb. That is, by using Equation 14 as an observation equation, the equivalent constants vb1, vb2, ve1, ve2, vx1, and vx2 can be obtained by the least square method regardless of the deep body temperature Tb. This does not require the assumption “the depth temperature Tb is constant within a certain period of time” required in the first embodiment and the second embodiment, so that a more accurate unknown parameter, that is, a circuit constant Can be obtained.

  The initial value of the unknown parameter for the iterative calculation of the nonlinear least square method can be obtained as in the first embodiment. If the unknown parameters vb1, vb2, ve1, ve2, vx1, vx2 are obtained using the initial values, the temporal change of the deep body temperature Tb can be calculated using this constant. When Equations 11a and 11b are solved for the deep body temperature Tb, one equation is also obtained for Tb, which is shown in Equation 15.

  According to this embodiment, it is possible to obtain all unknown parameters or circuit constants independently of the deep body temperature, and it is possible to estimate the deep body temperature with higher accuracy.

  Further, in the present embodiment, when the probe structure shown in FIG. 5 is used, the deep body temperature can be estimated by using the common environmental temperature Te instead of the environmental temperatures Te1 and Te2.

  An example of a similar heat transfer circuit capable of obtaining a circuit constant irrespective of the deep body temperature Tb is shown in FIGS.

  The example of FIG. 12 is a model in which the body surface temperature Ts1 is affected not only by the environmental temperature Te1 on the opposite surface across the main body but also by Te2, and at the same time Ts2 is affected not only by Te2 but also by Te1. It has become.

  The example of FIG. 13 is a heat transfer circuit when the temperatures at three locations are measured concentrically on the upper surface side of the main body to be Te1, Te2, and Te3, respectively.

  FIG. 6 shows the structure of a probe corresponding to the heat transfer circuit of FIG. A pair of temperature detection means 3A and 3B in the center of the main body and another pair of temperature detection means 4A and 4B are arranged on the outer periphery of the main body, and another detection means 105 between the temperature detection means 3B and 4B on the upper surface of the main body. In addition, a heat conductive layer 106 is disposed.

  Here, the pair of temperature detecting means 4B and 4B are displaced from the positions facing each other with the main body interposed therebetween, but the heat transfer circuit can be modeled by the circuit shown in FIG. It is possible to calculate the deep body temperature by obtaining.

As described above, in the present embodiment, it is not always necessary to arrange the pair of temperature detection means facing each other with the main body interposed therebetween, and a plurality of temperature detection means are installed on the body surface side and the main body surface side of the main body. It is possible to determine the deep body temperature by modeling the corresponding heat transfer circuit. When a plurality of temperature detection means are installed in this way, a heat flow path consisting of a plurality of combinations between the body surface side temperature detection means and the main body upper surface side temperature detection means, and between the body surface side temperature detection means By modeling a heat flow path consisting of a plurality of combinations, it becomes possible to obtain unknown parameters independent of the deep body temperature Tb, and more accurate heat transfer by increasing the number of temperature detection means. It is possible to represent a circuit.

  Furthermore, it is easy to measure and model not only the temperature of the body surface and upper surface of the body probe, but also the temperature inside the body. When modeling using the temperature inside the body, it can be obtained even if the time constant on the living body side and the time constant on the body side are more clearly separated, enabling more accurate estimation of the deep body temperature. .

(Fourth embodiment)
FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a circuit block of a fourth embodiment of the thermometer of the present invention. 14 is a configuration in which the temperature display unit 12 can be separated and installed at an arbitrary place by wirelessly exchanging data between the calculation unit 10 and the temperature display unit 12 in FIG. The measurement probe 1 side modulates a carrier wave by using the transmission means 13 and transmits the data obtained by performing preliminary calculation processing, for example, averaging of measurement data, etc., by the calculation means 10T, and transmits the data from the antenna 14 as a radio wave. On the display device 40 side, the radio wave received by the antenna 15 is demodulated into data by the receiving means 16, the deep body temperature is obtained by the arithmetic device 10R, and the result is displayed on the display means 12. The circuit on the measurement probe 1 side is controlled by the control circuit 11T, and the circuit on the display device 40 side is controlled by the control means 16R. It is desirable to use weak radio waves that are less affected by electromagnetic waves on the living body. As the frequency, a UHF band advantageous for miniaturization of the antenna, for example, a 300 to 900 MHz band is suitable. As the carrier wave modulation method, an ASK (Amplitude Shift Keying) method or an FSK (Frequency Shift Keying) method is suitable because the circuit is easy. The computing means 10 is mounted on the measurement probe side, but some or all of the functions may be separated and mounted on the display means side. However, it is possible to determine whether the body surface temperature has reached an equilibrium state, and change the temperature measurement timing according to the result, or shorten the temperature measurement timing when a sudden temperature change occurs. For this purpose, it is desirable to mount a part or all of the calculation means on the measurement probe side.

  The environmental temperature detection means 50 and the environmental humidity detection means 51 measure the temperature and humidity of the place where the display device is installed, and display it on the display means 12. By displaying the environmental temperature and environmental humidity in graphs simultaneously with the body temperature, the effect on body temperature changes can be read.

  In order to enable simultaneous use of a plurality of measurement probes 1 at the same frequency, a unique identification number is given and transmitted together with measurement data. On the display device side, the source measurement probe can be identified by the identification number. By making the data transmission timing random, it is possible to prevent interference from a plurality of measurement probes. Of course, the frequency used for each measurement probe may be changed. In that case, it is necessary for the display device 40 to run at the frequency used every certain time.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 18 and 19 are diagrams showing the structure of the measurement probe 1. 18 shows a plan view of the measurement probe 1, and FIG. 19 shows a cross-sectional view of the AA ′ portion. The structure is based on the third embodiment, and corresponds to the wireless implementation described in the fourth embodiment. The main body 2 was a foamed rubber sheet having a diameter of 40 mm, a center thickness of 6 mm, and a peripheral thickness of 3 mm. The circuit board 20 is a double-sided flexible board having a thickness of 0.1 mm on which electronic components are mounted. The circuit board 20 is located at positions BB ′ and CC ′ on the upper surface side and the back surface (body surface) side so as to wrap the surface of the main body 2. It is bent and glued. First to fourth temperature detecting means 3A, 3
B, 4A, and 4B are respectively disposed on the heat conductive layers 103A, 103B, 104A, and 104B using the copper foil wiring pattern on the flexible substrate.

  In addition, an IC 21, a secondary battery 22, and a crystal resonator 23, in which necessary circuits are integrated into one chip, are mounted. The temperature detecting means 3A, 3B, 4A, 4B are connected to the IC 21 in a state where they are electrically insulated from the heat conductive layers 103A, 103B, 104A, 104B using double-sided wiring. Foam rubber having a thickness of 5 mm was used as the heat insulating material 7 and adhered so as to cover the circuit board 20 and the main body 2. In order to affix the measurement probe 1 to the body surface, a self-adhesive gel 8 made of silicone was applied to the body surface side of the main body 2. Since it has self-adhesiveness, the measurement probe can be peeled off and pasted from the body surface any number of times. The electronic component including the temperature detecting means has a structure that does not touch the living body. Since the adhesive surface is a silicone-based material, it is highly safe for living bodies.

  Next, the circuit block of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The basic configuration is the same as that of the fourth embodiment. As the temperature detection means 3A, 3B, 4A and 4B, a chip thermistor having a resistance value of 10 KΩ and a size of 1.0 × 0.5 × 0.5 mm was used. A chip resistor having the same resistance value as the thermistor is connected in series with the thermistor and wired between the power supply and the ground, and the signal obtained by dividing the power supply voltage by the thermistor and the resistor is converted into a 10-bit digital signal using an AD (Analog to Digital) converter. Converted. The signal converted into the digital signal was converted into temperature with a resolution of 0.001 ° C. by the calculation means 10 using calibration data acquired in advance, and wirelessly transmitted by the transmission means 13 and the transmission antenna 24. A weak radio wave of 315 MHz was used for radio and ASK modulation was performed. The control means 11 used an 8-bit CPU (Central Processing Unit) to control temperature detection timing, calculation means, and transmission means. The temperature measurement interval was performed once every 10 seconds.

  The circuit block of this example is different from the third embodiment in that a secondary battery 22 is mounted as a power storage means and can be charged in a non-contact manner using electromagnetic induction. As the secondary battery 22, a 3V lithium coin battery having a diameter of 12 mm and a thickness of 1.6 mm was used.

  Charging is performed by causing a 13.56 MHz high-frequency current generated by the power transmission means 17 to flow through the power transmission coil 19 to generate an electromagnetic field, and bringing the measurement probe 1 close to the vicinity of the power transmission coil 19, thereby allowing the power reception coil 25. A high frequency current is induced by electromagnetic induction, and the secondary battery 22 is charged after rectification by the power receiving means 18.

  In order to extend the operation time of the measurement probe 1, the power of unnecessary circuits was turned off to reduce the power except during temperature measurement and when data was transmitted wirelessly.

  The thermometer IC 21 is equipped with circuits of the calculation means 10, the control means 11T, the transmission means 13, and the power reception means 18 of the embodiment shown in FIG. The transmitting antenna 14 and the power receiving coil 25 were formed using a wiring pattern of a flexible substrate. The display device 40 includes a receiving unit 15, a display unit 12, a control unit 16, a power transmission unit 17, and a power transmission coil 19.

FIG. 21 is a diagram illustrating an appearance of the display device 40. The display device includes a receiving antenna 14, a body temperature graph display unit 41, a speaker 45, an operation mode switching switch 46, and a measurement probe storage unit 47 for storing the measurement probe 1 when not in use or charging. When the measurement probe 1 is stored in the measurement probe storage unit 47, the function of the body temperature measurement is automatically stopped, and the secondary battery 22 is charged. When the measurement probe is taken out from the storage unit 47, body temperature measurement is automatically started, the deep body temperature is calculated by the calculation means 11T, the obtained deep body temperature data is transmitted using the transmission means 13, and the result is obtained as the body temperature. It displays on the body temperature graph display part 41 of the display apparatus 40. FIG.

  Next, the operation from when the body temperature measurement is automatically started until the temperature measurement is started and the deep body temperature is obtained by calculation will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. For the estimation of the deep body temperature, the method described in the third embodiment is used. That is, an unknown circuit constant is estimated from the temperature measurement data by the least square method using the heat transfer circuit shown in FIG. 9, and the deep body temperature is obtained by calculation from the obtained circuit constant. Equation 14 is used for the observation equation of the least square method, and Equation 15 is used for the calculation of the deep body temperature Tb.

(Step S1)
The temperature of each part is measured once per second using the temperature detecting means 3A, 3B, 4A, 4B by the control means 11T on the probe 1 side, and an average value for 10 times is obtained by the arithmetic unit 10T and once every 10 seconds. Are sent to the display device 40 at time intervals of.
(Steps S2A, S2B)
On the display device 40 side, the received temperature measurement data is sent to the computing means 10R, and first, an initial value required for calculating the deep body temperature by the least square method is obtained. Since the initial value only needs to be obtained once after the start of measurement, it is determined in step S2A whether or not it already has an initial value, and if there is no initial value, the initial value is estimated.

  In order to obtain the initial value, the temperature of the probe 1 is warmed to the body temperature after being attached to the body surface from the ambient temperature before the start of measurement (usually in the range of 0 ° C. to 30 ° C., typically about 25 ° C.). The time constant of the temperature change of each part of the probe until it is saturated to a certain value is used. Accordingly, body temperature measurement data is collected for obtaining an initial value for an amount sufficient to obtain the initial value, for example, for the first 5 minutes. Since the deep body temperature cannot be obtained during the data collection period for the initial value, the measured temperature of each part of the probe is displayed as the body temperature graph 42 on the display device. At this time, the graph is displayed with a dotted line so that it can be distinguished not the deep body temperature but the measured temperature of the probe itself, and the message display unit 44 displays that it is the measured temperature of the probe.

As the initial value, the reciprocal of the time constant obtained here is used as shown in Expression 13a to Expression 13f. 6 initial values (vb1, ve1, vx1, vb2, ve2, vx2) are required in total, but the accuracy of the initial values does not need to be very high, and other initial values obtained from the first temperature detection means 3A It is possible to substitute for all initial values of.
(Steps S3A, S3B)
A circuit constant is obtained by the least square method from the initial value obtained in step S2B, the temperature measurement data, and the time derivative thereof. The time differential data of the body surface temperatures Ts1 and Ts2 determines the temperature gradient from a plurality of data before and after a certain time. Typically, it is obtained from data of about 1 to 10 minutes before and after. In the least square method, iterative calculation is performed and the iteration is terminated when the error becomes sufficiently small. If the error does not reach the specified value or the calculation diverges, it is determined that the accuracy of the initial value is insufficient, and the process returns to step 2B and the initial value is calculated again. When the calculation converges, the obtained circuit constant is stored as an initial value for the next calculation.
(Step 4)
Using the circuit constants obtained in step 3 and the temperature measurement data obtained so far, the change in the deep body temperature over time is calculated according to Equation 15.
(Step 5)
Since the deep body temperature obtained in step 4 can be calculated for all measurements from the start of measurement to the present, the data displayed on the body temperature graph display unit 41 until now is displayed once. Do. Or the deep body temperature already displayed and the average value of the newly obtained deep body temperature can also be displayed.
(Step 6)
When the measurement probe 1 is stored in the measurement probe storage unit 47, the display of the deep body temperature is terminated and a message to that effect is displayed. If the probe 1 is not stored, the process is repeated from step S1.

  As described above, the body temperature graph is displayed with a dotted line during the time until the initial value is acquired, and after the acquisition, the deep body temperature is displayed with a solid line.

  In the message display section 44, information on whether or not the deep body temperature has been obtained and a message when a sudden temperature drop occurs are displayed. In order to notify the danger of heat generation when a sudden temperature rise occurs. At the same time, a voice message is issued from the speaker 45. By switching the switch 46, voice messages other than highly urgent messages can be stopped. In addition, when the measurement probe 1 is detached from the storage unit 47, a message indicating insufficient charging is also issued when the secondary battery 22 is insufficiently charged. The display device 40 can also have a clock function.

  Next, the linkage operation between the measurement probe 1 and the display device 40 will be described with reference to a flowchart.

  FIG. 22 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the thermometer of the present embodiment. The flowchart on the left side shows the operation of the measurement probe 1, and the right side shows the operation of the display device. In the operation of the measurement probe and the display device, the loop 51 and the loop 52 are infinitely looped.

  First, the operation of the measurement probe 1 when the secondary battery 22 is charged will be described. The measuring probe 1 checks itself whether or not the charging is completed in step ST1. Since it is in a charged state now, the process proceeds to step ST4, and a charge completion signal is sent to the display device 40 via radio to proceed to the next step. In step ST5, it is checked whether or not the beacon signal from the display device 40 has been received. If it has been received within the past certain time (beacon cycle), it is determined that the measurement probe 1 is in the retracted state, and the next step ST6 is performed. The temperature measurement is canceled and one round of the loop 51 is completed. If the beacon is not received in step ST5, it is determined that the measurement probe is attached to the body, the body temperature is measured in step ST6, the data is transmitted to the display device, and one round of the loop 51 is completed. .

As the beacon signal, a high-frequency signal for charging a secondary battery sent from the power transmission means 17 is used. When the temperature measurement data is transmitted in step ST6 and the charging request in step ST2 is transmitted, information indicating whether or not a beacon has been received before that is also transmitted, so that it is stored in the display device 40. Notify if it is in This process is called a beacon answerback process.

  Since the display device 40 has received the charge completion signal in step SR1, the process proceeds to next step SR4. In SR4, a beacon signal is transmitted. The beacon signal is realized by operating the power transmission means 17 at regular time intervals. Next, body temperature data is received in step SR5. If the data can be received, a message being received is displayed in step SR6, body temperature is determined in step SR7, that is, whether or not it is in a thermal equilibrium state, body temperature display and graph display are updated in step SR8, and in step SR9. Determine and display the required message. Thus, the process for one round of the loop 52 of the display device 40 is completed.

  Next, a case where charging of the secondary battery 22 of the measurement probe 1 is not completed will be described. If charging has not been completed, a charging request is transmitted through the wireless communication path in step ST2, and if the power receiving means 18 has received a high frequency for charging in step ST3, the secondary battery 22 is charged. If the measurement probe 1 is not in the retracted state, charging high frequency cannot be received and charging is not performed.

  When the display device receives the charging request signal, the charging message is immediately displayed in step SR2 to operate the power transmission means 17. When charging, based on the answerback information of the beacon, a “charging” message is displayed when stored, and a “please store and charge the probe immediately” message when not storing.

  By the processing described above, the measurement probe 1 can automatically turn on and off the body temperature measurement without a power switch. Moreover, if it operates according to a message, the secondary battery 22 of the measurement probe 1 can always be maintained in a charged state.

  In the present embodiment, the display device is a stationary type that can be moved. However, the display device can also be used as a wristwatch worn by the person being measured.

It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the thermometer of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of 1st Embodiment of the thermometer of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of 2nd and 3rd embodiment of the thermometer of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of 2nd and 3rd embodiment of the thermometer of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of 2nd and 3rd embodiment of the thermometer of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of 3rd Embodiment of the thermometer of this invention. It is a figure which shows the heat-transfer circuit of the thermometer of the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the heat-transfer circuit of the thermometer of the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the heat-transfer circuit of the thermometer of the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the heat-transfer circuit of the thermometer of the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the heat-transfer circuit of the thermometer of the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the heat-transfer circuit of the thermometer of the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the heat-transfer circuit of the thermometer of the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the circuit block of the thermometer of this invention. It is a figure which shows the circuit block of 4th Embodiment of the thermometer of this invention. It is a flowchart explaining operation | movement of the thermometer of this invention. It is a flowchart explaining operation | movement of the Example of the thermometer of this invention. It is a top view which shows the structure of the Example of the thermometer of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the Example of the thermometer of this invention. It is a figure which shows the circuit block of the Example of the thermometer of this invention. It is a figure which shows the general view of the display apparatus of the Example of the thermometer of this invention. It is a flowchart for demonstrating operation | movement of the Example of the thermometer of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Measurement probe 2 Main body 3A 1st temperature detection means 3B 2nd temperature detection means 4A 3rd temperature detection means 4B 4th temperature detection means 103A, 103B, 104A, 104B, 106 Thermal conduction layer 5 Living body 6 Body surface 7 Heat insulating material 10, 10T, 10R arithmetic means 11, 11T, 11R control means 12 display means 13 transmission means 14 transmission antenna 15 reception antenna 16 reception means 17 power transmission means 18 power reception means 19 power transmission coil 20 circuit board 21 IC
22 Secondary battery 23 Crystal oscillator 25 Power receiving coils 26 and 27 Printed wiring 40 Display device 41 Body temperature graph display section 42 Body temperature graph 43 Body temperature display 44 Message display 45 Speaker 46 Switch 47 Measurement probe storage section 50 Environmental temperature detection means 51 Environment Humidity detection means

Claims (16)

  A main body that can be brought into close contact with the surface of a living body, a first temperature detecting means disposed on a contact surface of the main body with the living body, and the place where the first temperature detecting means is disposed Control for measuring temperature at predetermined time intervals using second temperature detection means disposed at a position facing the living body surface of the main body, and the first temperature detection means and the second temperature detection means Means for calculating the heat conduction characteristics of the main body and the deep part from the time change of the measured temperature and calculating the time change of the deep body temperature from the estimated heat conduction characteristic and the time change of the temperature and the temperature. A thermometer comprising means and display means for continuously displaying the temporal change of the deep body temperature.   A main body that can be brought into close contact with the surface of a living body, a plurality of temperature detecting means disposed on a contact surface of the main body with the living body, and a plurality of temperature detection elements disposed on a surface of the main body facing the living body surface. Means, a control means for measuring the temperature at a predetermined time interval using all the temperature detection means, and estimating the heat conduction characteristics of the main body and the deep part from the time change of the measured temperature, A thermometer comprising conduction characteristics, calculation means for calculating and calculating the time change of the deep body temperature from the temperature and the time change of the temperature, and display means for continuously displaying the time change of the deep body temperature.   The heat conduction characteristics include a thermal resistance Re between the first temperature detection means and the second temperature detection means, a thermal resistance Rb between the first temperature detection means and the living body deep part, The thermometer according to claim 1, wherein the thermometer is an equivalent heat capacity C of a living body and a main body in the vicinity of the surface of the living body with which the first temperature detecting means is in contact.   The thermal conductivity characteristics include a thermal resistance Re1 between the first temperature detection means and the second temperature detection means, a thermal resistance Rb1 between the first temperature detection means and the deep part of the living body, and the first An equivalent heat capacity C1 of the living body and the body in the vicinity of the living body surface to which the temperature detecting means contacts, a thermal resistance Re2 between the third temperature detecting means and the fourth temperature detecting means, and the third temperature detecting means The thermometer according to claim 2, wherein a thermal resistance Rb2 between the living body and the deep part of the living body, and an equivalent heat capacity C2 of the living body and the body near the living body surface in contact with the third temperature detecting means.   The thermal conductivity characteristics include a thermal resistance Re1 between the first temperature detecting means and the second temperature detecting means, a thermal resistance Rb1 between the first temperature detecting means and the living body deep part, and the first temperature detecting means. An equivalent heat capacity C1 of the living body and the body in the vicinity of the living body surface in contact with the temperature detecting means, a thermal resistance Re2 between the third temperature detecting means and the fourth temperature detecting means, and the third temperature detecting means; The thermal resistance Rb2 between the deep part of the living body, the equivalent heat capacity C2 of the living body and the body in the vicinity of the living body surface in contact with the third temperature detecting means, the first temperature detecting means and the second temperature detecting means The thermometer according to claim 2, wherein the thermometer is an equivalent thermal resistance Rx of a living body and a body in the vicinity of the living body surface close to a path connecting the two.   The thermometer according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the main body is used in close contact with a body surface using an adhesive material.   The thermometer according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the display device including the display unit is installed at a location away from the measurement probe including the temperature detection unit.   The thermometer according to claim 7, wherein the display device and the measurement probe transmit data by wireless communication.   The thermometer according to claim 8, wherein the measurement probe has a unique identification number and transmits the identification number by wireless communication.   The thermometer according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the measurement probe includes a rechargeable power storage unit and can be reused by charging.   11. The power storage means includes a power reception coil and a power reception means, and the display device includes a power transmission means and a power transmission coil, and the power storage means is charged from the display device by electromagnetic induction. Thermometer described in 1.   The display device intermittently generates an electromagnetic field using the power transmission unit and the power transmission coil at a predetermined timing, and the measurement probe detects the electromagnetic field using the reception coil and the power reception unit. The thermometer according to claim 11, wherein it is determined that the display device and the measurement probe are located within a predetermined distance.   The thermometer according to claim 12, wherein when the measurement probe and the display device are located within a predetermined distance, the measurement probe is operated in a low power consumption state.   14. The storage device according to claim 10, wherein when the measurement probe and the display device are located within a predetermined distance, the storage device is charged according to a charging state of the storage device. The thermometer as set forth in claim 1.   15. The state of charge of the power storage means is transmitted to the display device using the transmission means, the transmission antenna, the reception antenna, and the reception means, and displayed on the display means. The thermometer as described in any one.   The thermometer according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the display unit detects a temperature and humidity of a place where the display unit is installed, and displays the temperature and humidity on the display unit.

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