JP2009183819A - Excreta treating material and excreta treating device equipped with the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an excreta treating material for a bio-toilet which dispenses with replenishment and replacement and greatly improves an excreta biodegradation capacity, and a bio-toilet which is made to be further compact while maintaining the excreta biodegradation capacity. <P>SOLUTION: The excreta treating material adopts carbide instead of sawdust used as a microorganism carrier in the conventional bio-toilet 10 and adds aerobic microorganisms thereto. Carbide, unlike sawdust, is not biodegraded by microorganisms to semipermanently dispense with replacement, and has an excellent moisture conditioning effect and air permeability due to its microporous structure to realize an moisture condition and an aerobic condition suitable for promoting propagation of the aerobic microorganisms and their biodegradation reactions, thereby remarkably increasing the excreta biodegradation capacity per volume, comparing to when using sawdust. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an excrement disposal material, and more particularly, to an excrement disposal material mainly composed of a carbide powder material and an excrement disposal apparatus including the excrement disposal material.

  Currently, flush toilets that are required to be installed in the sewer area are systems that consume a huge amount of water when used, and out of household water use, flush toilets use more than 20% of the total. It is said to occupy. In addition, manure excreted in the flush toilet is transported to the sewage treatment plant via the sewer, where it is treated and discharged into the river. The large amount of nitrogen and phosphorus contained in this effluent is near the river mouth. The system that presupposes existing flush toilets has a heavy impact on the environment.

  In this regard, an autonomous decentralized toilet system that decomposes and processes excreted excreta on the spot by the power of microorganisms, a so-called “bio-toilet”, has attracted attention. Here, the conventional bio-toilet mechanism will be briefly described below. First, excreted excreta is sequentially introduced into a treatment tank in which sawdust is stored, and is stirred and mixed together with sawdust. At that time, sawdust appropriately absorbs, retains, and evaporates the water contained in manure, and functions as a breeding environment for various degrading bacteria including intestinal bacteria that lived in feces. Manure is biodegraded into water and carbon dioxide. In this way, bio-toilet does not require water and sewage compared to existing flush toilet systems, so it can be installed anywhere, and manure can be completely biodegraded on the spot. It can be said that it is excellent in that there is no burden on the environment. JP-A-8-290988 discloses one embodiment of the biotoilet described above.

However, conventional toilets that use sawdust as a bacterial propagation medium have the following problems. First, in order to process a normal amount of excretion, a large amount of sawdust is required. Therefore, it is inevitable to enlarge the processing tank for storing sawdust. In addition, as sawdust itself is biodegraded by bacteria, it gradually becomes lumpy and loses fluidity, so the mechanism for forcibly stirring it has to be large. Furthermore, with the biodegradation of sawdust itself, the inside of the lump becomes anaerobic, and its ability to decompose manure decreases with time, and ammonia odor and fermentation odor may be generated accordingly. Therefore, there has been a problem that it is necessary to replace sawdust twice or three times a year, which requires a running cost.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-290988

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, and the present invention does not require replenishment / replacement, and is a novel biotoilet treatment for bio-toilet in which the biodegradability of manure is greatly improved. The purpose is to provide materials. Another object of the present invention is to provide a novel biotoilet that is more compact while maintaining the biodegradation performance of manure.

  As a result of intensive studies on a novel manure treatment material and a novel manure treatment apparatus including the manure treatment material, the present inventor adopted carbide instead of sawdust which has been used as a microorganism carrier in conventional biotoilet. Furthermore, the biodegradability of manure is greatly improved by adding aerobic microorganisms, and at the same time, the use of the manure treatment material makes it possible to adopt a new configuration for the stirring mechanism of the manure treatment apparatus. Thus, the inventors have found that the apparatus can be made compact, and have reached the present invention.

  That is, according to the present invention, there is provided an excrement treatment material mainly composed of an aerobic microorganism and a carbide powder material as a carrier of the aerobic microorganism. In the present invention, the carbide may be charcoal or bamboo charcoal, and is preferably carbonized at a carbonization temperature of 500 ° C to 1000 ° C. Moreover, compost can be used as a substance containing the aerobic microorganism. The compost may be at least one compost selected from the group consisting of fallen leaf compost, livestock manure compost, garbage compost, and wood chip compost, and the compost is preferably a fully mature compost. In the present invention, the excrement disposal material can further contain a phosphate component.

  Further, according to the present invention, there is provided a manure processing apparatus including the processing tank filled with the above-described manure processing material, the stirring tank for stirring the manure processing material inside the processing tank, and the stirring The member is provided with a manure processing apparatus that stirs the manure processing material by a swinging motion. The treatment tank includes a semi-cylindrical space filled with the manure treatment material, and the stirring member includes a bottom surface portion that is formed to be curved according to the arc shape of the concentric circle with the semi-cylindrical shape, The bottom surface portion may swing on a circumference that is concentric with the semi-cylindrical shape of the space. In the present invention, the stirring member may include a plurality of stirring bars, a brush-like member may be fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the bottom surface portion, and a heating mechanism is provided on the bottom surface portion. Can be provided.

  As described above, according to the present invention, there is no need for replenishment / replacement, and there is provided a novel manure treatment material in which the biodegradability of manure is greatly improved, and the manure treatment material, and the biodegradation performance of manure is provided. A novel manure treatment apparatus that is more compact while being maintained is provided.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown in the drawings.

  In the present invention, instead of sawdust which has been used as a microbial carrier in conventional bio-toilet, a material mainly composed of carbide is employed. Carbonized carbonized at a carbonization temperature of 500 ° C. to 1000 ° C. does not biodegrade itself by microorganisms like sawdust, and in addition to being semipermanently replaced, it becomes a lump as use progresses. Since the fluidity is always maintained, there is an advantage that the aerobic condition is secured and the load in stirring can be reduced. Carbide has excellent moisture conditioning and air permeability due to its microporous structure, and realizes moisture and aerobic conditions suitable for promoting the growth of aerobic microorganisms and their biodegradation reactions. Therefore, compared with sawdust, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) concentration corresponding to the amount of microorganisms is several to several tens of times higher, and the biodegradability of manure per volume is significantly increased. . Therefore, in the present invention, the generation of spoilage odor accompanying biodegradation by anaerobic spoilage bacteria is suppressed, and an effect equivalent to sawdust is obtained with a smaller amount of medium, so the processing tank can be downsized. Is possible. Further, the carbide has an effect of deodorizing malodors such as ammonia odor due to its excellent adsorption action.

  As the carbide in the present invention, charcoal or bamboo charcoal can be used, and it is preferable to use a powder of these as a microorganism carrier. Moreover, it is preferable to use the carbide | carbonized_material in this invention carbonized by carbonization temperature 500 to 1000 degreeC. This is because the carbonized carbonized at a high temperature contains a large amount of mineralized carbon, and the carbide itself is not biodegraded by microorganisms.

  Furthermore, in the present invention, in order to enhance the biodegradability of manure, it is preferable to add aerobic microorganisms separately to the carbide that is the microorganism carrier. The aerobic microorganism added in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it has the ability to biodegrade manure. In the present invention, the above-mentioned aerobic microorganisms can be added by adding a substance containing the aerobic microorganisms, for example, fallen leaf compost, livestock manure compost, garbage compost, and wood chip compost. This can be done by adding compost to the carbide. In addition, as compost | mixed to mix | blend, it is preferable to use the fully matured compost | cure which does not advance further biodegradation within a processing tank.

In addition, in the present invention, K ₃ PO ₄ , Ca ₃ (PO ₄ ) ₂ , MgPO ₄ is used as a microorganism carrier to further enhance the biodegradability of manure.
It is preferable to add a phosphate such as. The manure treatment material of the present invention has been described above. Next, a novel bio-toilet employing the manure treatment material of the present invention will be described below.

  A conventional biotoilet that uses sawdust as a manure treatment material has a shaft that penetrates in the longitudinal direction inside the treatment tank and is provided with a blade-like (or screw-like) protruding member. The sawdust was stirred by rotating the. The structure had a certain reason for forcibly stirring sawdust that was unavoidably agglomerated over time due to its own biodegradation, but on the other hand, the protruding member and the inner wall of the treatment tank A gap is inevitably generated between the two, and the problem that the sawdust staying in the gap is solidified without stirring, and the presence of the shaft through the inside of the treatment tank, The problem of causing corrosion and breakage of the shaft due to the fact that it is not biodegraded while constantly attached to the shaft, and that the screw-like protrusions are rotating from the gap between sawdust is visible to the user. As a result, there was a problem that the user felt psychological pressure.

  In this regard, the biotoilet of the present invention can adopt a novel structure for its stirring mechanism by adopting a manure treatment material mainly composed of a carbide material with high fluidity. It is. Hereinafter, the novel stirring mechanism in the biotoilet of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 1 shows the bio-toilet of the present invention and its stirring mechanism. Fig.1 (a) shows the external appearance of the biotoilet 10 of this invention. In the biotoilet 10 of the present invention, a direct-attached toilet seat 14 is arranged on the upper surface of a rectangular parallelepiped casing 12, and in consideration of stability during use on both sides of the toilet seat 14. A handrail 16 is provided. A processing tank 18 indicated by a broken line is accommodated inside the casing 12, and a power source 20 such as an electric motor for driving a stirring member described later is provided on the side of the casing 12. Yes. In addition, the structure of the housing | casing part 12, the toilet seat 14, and the handrail 16 mentioned above applies the structure employ | adopted for the existing bio-toilet, Comprising: The technical thought of this invention is limited by these structures. The specific shape and type of the toilet bowl to be provided, the shape of the casing, and the like can be selected as appropriate, and an exhaust mechanism for generating a negative pressure in the processing tank 18 is appropriately provided. be able to.

  FIG. 1B shows only the processing tank 18 extracted. The treatment tank 18 has a substantially semi-cylindrical shape, and an opening 22 is formed on the upper surface 18 a thereof at a position corresponding to the toilet seat 14 so that feces and urine can be introduced into the treatment tank 18 from the opening 22. It is configured. Further, a rotary shaft 24 for transmitting power to a stirring member described later protrudes at a position corresponding to the power source 20 on the side surface of the processing tank 18. Further, FIG. 1C shows the interior of the processing tank 18 by cutting it out for convenience of explanation. As shown in FIG.1 (c), the lower side of the processing tank 18 is equipped with the semi-cylindrical storage space, and the said storage space is filled with the excrement processing material of this invention. Also. On the inner wall side surfaces 18 s and 18 s of the processing tank 18, a stirring member 26 is fixed so as to be swingable in the direction of the arrow in the drawing with the rotating shaft 24 as the center.

  FIG. 2 shows the stirring member 26 employed in the biotoilet of the present invention. The agitating member 26 includes substantially fan-shaped side surface portions 26s and 26s and a curved bottom surface portion 26t formed in accordance with the arc shape of the side surface portions 26s and 26s, and the arcs of the side surface portions 26s and 26s. On the side, a stirrer 28 made up of a plurality of rod-like members is disposed with respect to a basic structure in which a curved bottom surface portion 26t is fixed. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, a lattice-like stirrer 28a is provided so as to be installed between the side surface parts 26s, 26s, and a plurality of rod-like stirrer 28b are substantially perpendicular to the bottom surface part 26t. Projected to In the present embodiment, as the stirring member 26 swings in the direction of the arrow in the figure, the excrement disposal material filled in the processing tank is stirred by the stirring bars 28a and 28b. In the present invention, the stirrer is not limited to the configuration shown in FIG. 2, and various design changes can be made.

  In addition, since the biodegradation reaction of manure by bacteria is accelerated | stimulated on the temperature conditions of 50-60 degreeC, it is preferable to provide the heating mechanism for maintaining the inside of a processing tank at predetermined temperature. In the biotoilet of the present invention, the above-described stirring member 26 can be provided with a heating mechanism. FIG.2 (b) shows the stirring member 26 provided with a heating mechanism. In FIG. 2B, the stirrer is omitted for convenience of explanation. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2B, the heating mechanism 30 is embedded in the bottom surface portion 26 t of the stirring member 26. In the present invention, the heating mechanism 30 can be realized by a heater including an electric resistance such as a heating wire. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2B, the heating mechanism 30 is configured to be supplied with electric power by an electric wire 32 wired via the rotating shaft 24, the side surface portion 26s, and the like.

  FIG. 3 shows an aspect in which the excrement disposal material 34 filled in the treatment tank 18 of the biotoilet of the present invention is agitated by the swinging motion of the agitating member 26. In FIG. 3, for convenience of explanation, the treatment tank 18 is seen through from the side. As shown in FIG. 3 (a), the arc of the side surface portion 26s is formed as a circular arc concentric with the semi-cylindrical shape of the accommodation space below the processing tank 18, and the bottom surface portion 26t is formed of the side surface portion 26s. Since it is curved and formed in accordance with the shape of the arc, the stirring member 26 can swing without contacting the inner wall surface of the processing bath 18. In FIG. 3A, an enlarged view of a portion surrounded by a broken line is shown surrounded by a solid line on the right side of the drawing. As shown by a solid line on the right side of FIG. 3A, in the present embodiment, a brush-like member 36 made of a flexible material can be fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the bottom surface portion 26t. With this configuration, the manure treatment material 34 that has entered the gap g formed between the inner wall surface of the treatment tank 18 and the outer peripheral surface of the bottom surface portion 26t is scraped out by the brush-like member 36. The treatment material 34 is prevented from staying in the gap g.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 (a) to 3 (c), when the stirring member 26 swings in the direction of the arrow in the drawing, the excreta treating material 34 is uniformly stirred. In order to obtain a sufficient stirring effect only by such a rocking motion, it is premised that the excrement disposal material has high fluidity. However, as already described above, the excrement disposal material 34 of the present invention is Because of its high fluidity, carbide powder and granule material as the main component, and because it does not agglomerate due to water content, etc., this mechanism is suitable for sufficient agitation to maintain the biodegradation reaction of bacteria. Realized. Further, according to this mechanism, since the agitation is performed by the swinging motion, there is no unevenness of stirring compared to the conventional screw agitation, and there is no psychological pressure on the user, and the operation is not performed. Since the operating range H in the height direction of the section is reduced, the processing tank 18 can be made compact.

  Hereinafter, the biotoilet of the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the examples described later.

Example 1
The bio-toilet in which the treatment tank of the present invention is filled in the treatment tank was installed for 10 months in an environment where several to several tens of people are expected to be used per day. 50 kg of pulverized coal was put into a 100 liter treatment tank of a biotoilet. The used pulverized coal was bamboo charcoal having a carbonization temperature of 600 ° C. to 700 ° C., and the particle size thereof was 100 μm to several mm. Furthermore, 5 kg of fully ripe deciduous compost was added to the pulverized coal in the treatment tank. During the experiment, the temperature in the treatment tank was maintained at 50-60 ° C., and the water content of the contents in the treatment tank was adjusted to 50-60%. Further, in order to maintain the aerobic condition in the treatment tank, the inside of the treatment tank is stirred immediately after the use of the toilet and is periodically stirred every predetermined time regardless of whether or not it is used.

  It was found that the manure excreted in the toilet was completely biodegraded during the 10-month experimental period. In addition, the medium containing pulverized coal as a main component was kept in a smooth state until the end, and there was no need for replacement or replenishment. Moreover, as a result of periodically measuring the ammonia concentration in the exhaust of the toilet with a detector tube, the measured ammonia concentration was 0 to several ppm.

(Example 2)
The experiment was performed under the same conditions as described above for Example 1 except that 1 kg of K ₃ PO ₄ was further added to the pulverized coal in the treatment tank. In the experimental period of 10 months, it was found that excreted excreta was completely biodegraded, and the medium based on pulverized coal remained in a free-flowing state until the end, as in Example 1. There was no need for replacement or replenishment. As a result of periodically measuring the ammonia concentration in the exhaust of the toilet with a detector tube, the measured ammonia concentration was 0-1 ppm, and it was confirmed that the ammonia concentration was slightly reduced.

(Comparative example)
A conventional biotoilet filled with sawdust in a treatment tank was installed for 10 months in an environment where several to several tens of people are expected to be used per day. 50kg sawdust was put into the 100 liter treatment tank of the biotoilet. During the experiment, the temperature in the treatment tank was maintained at 50-60 ° C., and the water content of the contents in the treatment tank was adjusted to 50-60%. Further, in order to maintain the aerobic condition in the treatment tank, the inside of the treatment tank is stirred immediately after the use of the toilet and is periodically stirred every predetermined time regardless of whether or not it is used.

  As a result of periodically measuring the ammonia concentration in the exhaust of the toilet with a detector tube during the experiment period of 10 months, the measured ammonia concentration showed a relatively high value of several to several tens of ppm. Furthermore, sawdust became agglomerated in the treatment tank during the experiment period, which hindered stirring. In addition, since the amount of sawdust decreased with time during the experiment, it was necessary to replenish about 20 kg of sawdust once every 3 to 4 months.

  As described above, according to the present invention, there is no need for replenishment / replacement, and a novel excrement treatment material in which the biodegradation ability of excrement has been greatly improved, and the excrement biotreatment of manure are provided. A novel manure treatment apparatus that is more compact while maintaining performance is provided. The application of the present invention is expected to be applied as a temporary toilet installed in a sightseeing spot, a campsite, an event venue, a construction site, or a nursing care site. In addition, carbide particles as a carrier for microorganisms are basically not deteriorated and thus have long-term storage stability. Therefore, the use as a simple toilet at the time of disaster is also expected.

The figure shown about the bio-toilet of this invention, and its stirring mechanism. The figure which shows the stirring member employ | adopted in the bio-toilet of this invention. The figure which shows the aspect in which the manure processing material is stirred by the rocking | fluctuation motion of a stirring member in the biotoilet of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Bio toilet, 12 ... Housing part, 14 ... Toilet seat, 16 ... Handrail, 18 ... Processing tank, 20 ... Power source, 22 ... Opening, 24 ... Rotating shaft, 26 ... Stirring member, 28 ... Stirring bar, 30 ... Warming mechanism, 32 ... electric wire, 34 ... manure treatment material, 36 ... brush-like member

Claims (12)

  An excrement treatment material comprising as a main component a substance containing an aerobic microorganism and a carbide particulate material as a carrier for the aerobic microorganism.   The manure treatment material according to claim 1, wherein the carbide is charcoal or bamboo charcoal.   The manure treatment material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the carbide is carbonized at a carbonization temperature of 500C to 1000C.   The manure processing material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the substance containing the aerobic microorganism is compost.   The manure processing material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the compost is at least one compost selected from the group consisting of fallen leaf compost, livestock manure compost, garbage compost, and wood chip compost.   The manure processing material according to claim 5, wherein the compost is fully matured compost.   Furthermore, the excrement processing material of any one of Claims 1-6 containing a phosphate component. It is a manure processing apparatus provided with the processing tank with which the manure processing material of any one of Claims 1-7 was filled,
A stirring member for stirring the manure treatment material inside the processing tank,
The stirring member stirs the manure treatment material by a swinging motion,
Manure processing equipment.   The treatment tank includes a semi-cylindrical space filled with the manure treatment material, and the stirring member includes a bottom surface portion that is formed to be curved according to the arc shape of the concentric circle with the semi-cylindrical shape, The feces and urine treatment apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the bottom portion swings on a circumference concentric with the semi-cylindrical shape of the space.   The manure processing apparatus according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the stirring member includes a plurality of stirring bars.   The manure treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein the stirring member has a brush-like member fixed to an outer peripheral surface of the bottom surface portion. The feces and urine treatment apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the stirring member includes a heating mechanism on the bottom surface portion.

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