JP2009014428A - Power supply and electrical equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

A general power supply device life prediction method or device performs prediction diagnosis based on the voltage and temperature of an electrolytic capacitor. However, it is necessary to install a temperature sensor or the like, and the life due to a load change connected to a power supply. May affect the predictive diagnosis. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a power supply device equipped with a life prediction diagnosis function that can prevent a simple and unnecessary prediction diagnosis that does not require a temperature sensor or the like without being affected by load fluctuations. .
A diode bridge that is a rectifier for rectifying an AC power supply, a capacitor that smoothes the rectified voltage, an absolute value of an instantaneous voltage at each phase of the AC power supply, and the AC power supply is rectified. A life judging means 4 for judging the life of the capacitor 3 from the difference from the DC voltage is provided, and a temperature sensor or the like for judging the life of the capacitor 3 is not required. Lifespan can be detected.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a power supply device provided with a safety device for predicting the life of the device, and an electric device equipped with the power supply device.

  In recent years, the spread of electronic devices has tended to expand further, but at the same time, troubles have just occurred in the past of products, and it is being recognized as a social problem. From such a social background, the protection function related to the safety aspect of electronic devices is becoming increasingly demanded. In addition, regarding the life of electronic equipment, there is an electrolytic capacitor as a long-life part among electronic parts, and it is generally considered as an important part in considering the life.

  Conventionally, as a safety device or function for predicting this type of life, a device having a means for predicting the life by detecting the temperature of a smoothing capacitor (for example, refer to Patent Document 1), or a ripple voltage of an electrolytic capacitor is used. One having a means for predicting the life compared to the reference voltage (for example, see Patent Document 2), and one having a means for predicting the life from the ripple current of the electrolytic capacitor, the capacitor temperature, and the self-heating value (for example, Patent Document 3), the remaining life predicted using Arrhenius Law (see, for example, Patent Document 4), the voltage pulsation amplitude value is detected, and the life when the amplitude value exceeds the reference value (For example, refer to Patent Document 5), or a physical phenomenon or a life-time determination by disposing the resistive conductor so as to be cut by displacement due to an increase in internal pressure of the electrolytic capacitor (example If, refer to Patent Document 6) had.

  Hereinafter, the life prediction circuit of the power supply device in Patent Document 1 will be described with reference to FIG.

  As shown in the figure, the life prediction circuit is attached to an electrolytic capacitor forming the power circuit 15 in the power supply device 14, and a temperature sensor 16 for measuring the temperature of the electrolytic capacitor, and the temperature and durability based on the detected value of the temperature sensor 16. An arithmetic circuit 17 that calculates a voltage value of the consumption index from a predetermined relationship with time, a V / F converter 18 that outputs a frequency pulse proportional to the voltage value of the arithmetic circuit 17, and a frequency pulse of the V / F converter 18 An integration counter 19 for integration and a display 20 for displaying the integration value of the integration counter 19 are provided. With this configuration, the number is counted up and displayed using the definition formula of the 10 ° C. double rule.

  However, in such a configuration, a temperature sensor for measuring the environmental temperature is required, and therefore a simpler configuration and an inexpensive detection method are desired.

  Next, the electrolytic capacitor lifetime detection device of the power supply device in Patent Document 2 will be described with reference to FIG.

  As shown in the figure, the power supply device 21 has a built-in electrolytic capacitor lifetime detection device 22, a temperature detection means 23 for detecting the ambient temperature of the electrolytic capacitor, a memory means 24, and the detected ambient temperature and the memory means 24. And calculating means 25 for calculating the remaining life time of the electrolytic capacitor using the principle of Arrhenius 10 degree rule, and replacement time detecting means 26 for detecting the capacitor replacement time based on the calculated remaining life time. I have. With this configuration, the remaining life of the electrolytic capacitor is predicted and the replacement time is detected.

  However, in such a configuration, a temperature sensor for measuring the environmental temperature is required, and therefore a simpler configuration and an inexpensive detection method are desired.

  Next, a life alarm device for an aluminum electrolytic capacitor of a power supply device in Patent Document 3 will be described with reference to FIG.

  As shown in the figure, the ripple current calculator 28 calculates the ripple current flowing into the capacitor 29 from the output current and voltage of the inverter 27, and the self-heat generation amount calculation circuit 30 inputs the calculated ripple current to the center of the capacitor 29. The calculated life time L of the capacitor 29 is calculated by inputting the heat generation ΔT, the environmental temperature Ta, and the applied voltage V1. When the operating time La of the capacitor 29 detected by the operating time detector 31 reaches the calculated life time L, the alarm circuit 32 issues an alarm.

  However, in such a configuration, the ripple current fluctuation due to the drop or rise in the voltage of the capacitor 29 at the moment when the load side is turned on / off makes it difficult to calculate the exact lifetime of the capacitor 29, and the ripple current A detection method capable of accurately predicting the life even when fluctuations occur is desired. In addition, since a temperature sensor for measuring the environmental temperature is required, a simpler configuration and an inexpensive detection method are desired. In addition, depending on the power supply situation such as when there is a phase change due to a load unbalance of the electric power company, it is assumed that the ripple current changes. Therefore, a redundant determination method is desired to provide versatility.

  Next, the remaining life prediction notification method in Patent Document 4 will be described with reference to FIG.

  As shown in the figure, the temperature of the electrolytic capacitor 33 incorporated in the device is detected, the remaining life in actual use is calculated based on Arrhenius' law, and the remaining life is displayed. The electrolytic capacitor 33 and the temperature sensor 35 that is insulated by winding the thin film tape 34 are accommodated in the heat shrinkable tube 36 so that the secondary side temperature sensor 35 is in close contact with the primary side electrolytic capacitor 33. ing.

  However, in such a configuration, as in the above-mentioned Patent Document 3, the ripple current fluctuation occurs due to the voltage drop of the electrolytic capacitor 33 at the moment when the load side is turned on or off, and the accurate lifetime of the electrolytic capacitor 33 is generated. Since it is difficult to calculate time, and a thin film tape 34 and a temperature sensor 35 are required, a simpler and cheaper detection method is desired. Furthermore, although the remaining life is predicted at predetermined time intervals, the load condition of the electrolytic capacitor 33 is generally assumed to constantly fluctuate. Therefore, when the time zones that affect the life are continuous, The degree of influence is large, and depending on the load conditions, the selection of the time interval may not match, and there is a possibility that the life will be reached in the middle of the life calculation cycle. Or it is necessary to set a time interval individually according to load conditions. In addition, depending on the power supply situation such as when there is a phase change due to a load unbalance of the electric power company, it is assumed that the ripple current changes. Therefore, a redundant determination method is desired to provide versatility.

  Next, a method for predicting the lifetime of a capacitor in Patent Document 5 will be described with reference to FIG.

  As shown in the figure, a circuit pattern in which a first conductor 39 and a second conductor 40 are connected in parallel is arranged above the deformed portion 38 that is deformed and pressure-destructed by an increase in the internal pressure of the electric double layer capacitor 37. Has been. When the deformed portion 38 is deformed due to an increase in internal pressure of the electric double layer capacitor 37, the first conductor 39 is cut. At this time, if the resistance value is measured by the terminal 41, a predetermined internal pressure increase value can be detected. If the internal pressure further increases, the deformed portion 38 is destroyed by pressure and the resistor 42 is cut. At this time, if the resistance value is measured by the terminal 41, the opening of the pressure valve can be detected. Further, by adding the resistance values of the terminals 41 of the plurality of electric double layer capacitors 37, the number of electric double layer capacitors 37 whose pressure has increased is grasped.

  However, since an increase in internal pressure of the electric double layer capacitor 37, that is, a circuit pattern and a resistance for detecting deformation are required, a simpler and cheaper detection method is desired. There is also a problem that the voltage of the electric double layer capacitor 37 at the moment when the load side is turned on / off may drop or rise. In addition, depending on the power supply situation such as when there is a phase change due to load imbalance of the electric power company, it is assumed that the ripple current changes, so a redundant determination method is desired in order to provide versatility.

  Next, the capacitor life prediction apparatus in Patent Document 6 will be described with reference to FIG.

  As shown in the figure, an example in which a capacitor life prediction apparatus is applied to a forward type switching power supply apparatus is shown. The pulsating component information providing device 44 detects the pulsating component of the DC output voltage generated across the capacitor 43, and the capacitor life information providing device 45 can output that the capacitor 43 has reached its life as an alarm signal. In addition, voltage detection between both ends of the capacitor 43 can be performed while using the normal capacitor 43 without interrupting the charging current to the capacitor 43, and only single detection information can be obtained without any additional work from the outside. Thus, the lifetime of the capacitor 43 can be accurately diagnosed in real time.

However, when the pulsation amplitude value is simply detected from the DC voltage smoothed by the capacitor 43 and simply compared with the voltage value of the pulsation limit reference voltage, the voltage of the capacitor 43 at the moment when the load side is turned on / off drops. Or there is a possibility that it may rise, and there is a problem that an accurate diagnosis cannot be made when the load changes. In addition, depending on the power supply situation such as when there is a phase change due to a load unbalance of the power company, it is assumed that the ripple current changes, so a redundant determination method that is not affected by the power supply situation is desired.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 01-260369 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 03-202787 JP 11-069834 A JP 2003-243269 A JP 2004-198217 A JP 2006-133046 A

  In such a conventional general power supply device life prediction method, in order to determine the life of the electrolytic capacitor, a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the electrolytic capacitor and a resistor for detecting an increase in internal pressure are added. To increase the number of electronic components increases the cost, and at the same time, may increase the failure rate.

  In addition, when the cycle of the monitoring timing of the power supply frequency and the capacitor voltage is the same or an integer multiple, the capacitor voltage is checked at the specific phase of the power supply voltage. If they match, it may not be possible to determine the missing capacity of the capacitor.

  In addition, since the capacitor voltage drops or rises at the moment when the load connected to the output of the power supply is turned on or off, the life is unnecessarily unnecessary when the monitoring timing of the capacitor voltage is synchronized at the moment of falling or rising. Even if it is determined that the signal has reached the end of its service life, there is a possibility that the signal output for calling attention will be delayed.

  In addition, when processing is performed periodically each time a predetermined time elapses, at the end of the life of the capacitor, the actual situation deteriorates faster than detection, and the problem may not be avoided.

  The present invention solves such a conventional problem and enables prediction with a simple configuration without using a special temperature sensor for predicting the lifetime of the capacitor, and is low in cost and low in failure rate. It aims at providing the power supply device which added the lifetime prediction function.

  Moreover, the cycle is set so that the cycle of the AC power supply and the capacitor voltage monitoring timing for life prediction are asynchronous, and the life prediction that can prevent the monitoring timing of the capacitor voltage from being fixed at the peak point of the AC power supply It aims at providing the power supply device which added the function.

  In addition, the state of the load connected to the output of the power supply is changed, that is, when the load is switched from off to on, or when the capacitor voltage decreases or increases when the load is switched from on to off. An object of the present invention is to provide a power supply device with a life prediction function that can prevent the monitoring timing of the capacitor voltage from matching.

  In addition, without predicting the life at every predetermined time, the prediction cycle is changed according to the decrease in the capacitor voltage, that is, the capacity loss of the capacitor, and the execution cycle of the prediction diagnosis at the end of the capacitor life is shortened. It is an object of the present invention to provide a power supply device to which a life prediction function capable of predicting and judging according to a capacitor deterioration state is added.

  In order to achieve the above object, the power supply apparatus of the present invention includes a rectifying means for rectifying an AC power supply, a smoothing means for smoothing a voltage rectified by the rectifying means, and an instantaneous voltage at each phase of the AC power supply. A life determining means for determining the life of the capacitor provided in the smoothing means from the difference between the absolute value and a DC voltage obtained by rectifying the AC power supply is provided.

  By this means, the life of the capacitor is determined from the difference between the absolute value of the instantaneous voltage at each phase of the AC power supply and the DC voltage obtained by rectifying the AC power supply. The structure can be simplified within the range of the actuator to be provided in the converter, and at the same time, the lifetime of the capacitor can be detected.

  Further, the absolute value of the instantaneous voltage at each phase of the AC power supply and the DC voltage obtained by rectifying the AC power supply are detected at a period different from the AC power supply period.

  By this means, since the phase of the AC power supply voltage for detecting the ripple voltage slides sequentially, unnecessary life detection by fixing the phase angle of the AC power supply voltage, or failure of life detection when necessary can be prevented. Become.

  Further, the life judgment is stopped according to the fluctuation amount of the load power connected to the output side.

  By this means, it is possible to prevent an unnecessary life judgment due to a drop in the capacitor voltage when the load power fluctuates rapidly.

  In addition, the lifetime determination threshold is changed according to the amount of change in the load power connected to the output side.

  By this means, it is possible to prevent an unnecessary life judgment due to a drop in the capacitor voltage when the load power fluctuates rapidly.

  Further, the apparatus includes a maximum deviation angle detecting means for detecting a power supply phase in which a difference between an absolute value of an instantaneous voltage in each phase of the AC power supply and a DC voltage obtained by rectifying the AC power supply is maximized.

  By this measure, even when the degree of deterioration is very low, it is possible to accurately grasp the symptom of the life, and to grasp the exact influence regarding the capacity loss of the electrolytic capacitor excluding the influence due to the rapid fluctuation of the load. Will be able to.

  Further, by detecting the maximum deviation angle, the absolute value of the instantaneous voltage in each phase of the AC power supply and the detection timing of the DC voltage obtained by rectifying the AC power supply are fixed to the maximum deviation angle. .

  By this means, it is possible to grasp the point at which the influence of the life of the electrolytic capacitor on the electrical characteristics is the largest, recognize the tendency of deterioration at a higher speed, and eliminate unnecessary life determination.

  Further, the life judging means or the maximum deviation angle detecting means is provided in the microcomputer.

  By this means, since the control part of the electric device as a load has a judgment part, it can be configured at a lower cost.

  Further, phase jump detection means for detecting the jump of the power supply phase is provided, and the life judgment is stopped when the power supply phase jumps.

  By this means, even if the power supply voltage is disturbed due to the jump of the power supply phase when the power company switches the phase in units of pole transformers, the life judgment that does not affect the judgment of the capacitor life is made. Will be able to.

  Furthermore, the life determination means includes storage means for storing a difference for a predetermined time between the absolute value of the instantaneous voltage at each phase of the AC power supply and the rectified DC voltage of the AC power supply, and determines the life based on the stored difference. It is comprised so that it may do.

  By this means, the characteristics at the end of life can be monitored in time series, and the period from the time series difference data to the life can be detected more accurately.

  The life determination means has at least two or more stages of difference thresholds, and is configured to shorten the time interval of life determination when the difference falls below the difference threshold having the largest threshold.

  By this means, the number of unnecessary life judgments is reduced at the initial stage of installing the capacitor, and the life is judged by increasing the density when the end of the life is reached, so that more stable and safe detection is possible.

  Further, the operation of the electric device is stopped according to the life judgment result judged by the life judgment means of the power supply device.

  By this means, it is possible to prevent a malfunctioning operation that does not match the design of the electrical equipment and to ensure a more stable operation, and at the same time, it is possible to safely stop the electronic component when it reaches the end of its life.

  According to the present invention, the rectifying means for rectifying the AC power supply, the smoothing means for smoothing the voltage rectified by the rectifying means, the absolute value of the instantaneous voltage at each phase of the AC power supply, and the AC power supply are rectified. By using a configuration including a life judging means for judging the life of the capacitor provided in the smoothing means from the difference from the direct current voltage, an individual sensor or the like is usually not required to judge the life of the capacitor. Thus, it is possible to provide a power supply device that can simplify the configuration within the range of the actuator to be provided in the AC-DC converter and can detect the life of the capacitor.

  In addition, the AC power source that detects the ripple voltage by configuring the absolute value of the instantaneous voltage in each phase of the AC power source and the DC voltage obtained by rectifying the AC power source to be detected at a cycle different from the AC power source cycle. Since the phase of the voltage slides sequentially, it is possible to provide a power supply device that can prevent unnecessary life detection by fixing the phase angle of the AC power supply voltage or failure of life detection when necessary.

  Furthermore, it is configured to stop the life judgment according to the amount of fluctuation of the load power connected to the output side, thereby preventing unnecessary life judgment due to a drop in the capacitor voltage when the load power suddenly fluctuates. Therefore, it is possible to provide a power supply device that has the effect of being able to be used.

  In addition, it is configured to change the life judgment threshold according to the amount of fluctuation of the load power connected to the output side, thereby preventing unnecessary life judgment due to a drop in the capacitor voltage when the load power suddenly fluctuates. Thus, it is possible to provide a power supply device that has an effect of being able to.

  Furthermore, the degree of deterioration can be achieved by providing a maximum deviation angle detecting means for detecting a power supply phase in which the difference between the absolute value of the instantaneous voltage in each phase of the AC power supply and the DC voltage obtained by rectifying the AC power supply is maximized. The effect of being able to accurately grasp the symptoms of life even when it is very low, and to grasp the precise influence on the capacity loss of the electrolytic capacitor, excluding the influence due to the rapid fluctuation of the load A power supply device with

  Further, by detecting the maximum deviation angle, the absolute value of the instantaneous voltage in each phase of the AC power supply and the detection timing of the DC voltage obtained by rectifying the AC power supply are fixed to the maximum deviation angle. Thus, it is possible to provide a power supply apparatus that can grasp the point at which the influence of the life of the electrolytic capacitor on the electrical characteristics is the largest, recognize the tendency of deterioration at a higher speed, and eliminate unnecessary life determination.

  Furthermore, the life judging means or the maximum deviation angle detecting means can be constructed at a lower cost by providing the microcomputer with a judgment part in the control unit of the electric device as a load. An effective power supply can be provided.

  In addition, phase jump detection means for detecting the jump of the power supply phase is provided, and when the power supply phase jumps, the configuration is such that the life judgment is stopped, so that the power company side switches the phase in units of pole transformers. Even if the power supply voltage is disturbed due to a jump in the power supply phase when it is performed, it is possible to provide a power supply apparatus that can make a life determination that does not depend on the determination of the capacitor life.

  Furthermore, the life determination means includes storage means for storing a difference for a predetermined time between the absolute value of the instantaneous voltage at each phase of the AC power supply and the rectified DC voltage of the AC power supply, and determines the life based on the stored difference. By adopting such a configuration, it becomes possible to monitor the characteristics at the end of life in time series, and a power supply apparatus having an effect of being able to more accurately detect the period from the time series difference data to the life Can be provided.

  Further, the life judging means has at least two or more stages of difference thresholds, and when the difference falls below the difference threshold having the largest threshold, the life judgment time interval is shortened so that the capacitor is shortened. Since the number of unnecessary life judgments is reduced at the beginning of installation and the life is judged by increasing the density when it reaches the end of the life, a power supply device that can perform more stable and safe detection can be provided. .

  In addition, it is configured to stop the operation of electrical equipment according to the life judgment result judged by the life judgment means of the power supply device, thereby preventing malfunctioning that does not match the design of the electrical equipment, and more stable operation. At the same time, it is possible to provide an electric device that is effective in that it can be safely stopped when the life of the electronic component is reached.

  The invention according to claim 1 of the present invention comprises a rectifying means for rectifying an AC power supply, a smoothing means for smoothing a voltage rectified by the rectifying means, and an absolute value of an instantaneous voltage at each phase of the AC power supply. It comprises a life judging means for judging the life of the capacitor provided in the smoothing means from the difference from the DC voltage obtained by rectifying the AC power supply, and an individual sensor or the like for judging the life of the capacitor. Therefore, it is possible to simplify the configuration within the range of an actuator to be provided in a normal AC-DC converter, and at the same time, it is possible to detect the life of the capacitor.

  Further, the absolute value of the instantaneous voltage in each phase of the AC power supply and the DC voltage obtained by rectifying the AC power supply are configured to be detected at a period different from the AC power supply period, and an AC that detects a ripple voltage. Since the phase of the power supply voltage slides sequentially, there is an effect that unnecessary life detection by fixing the phase angle of the AC power supply voltage, or malfunction of life detection when necessary can be prevented.

  Furthermore, the life judgment is stopped according to the fluctuation amount of the load power connected to the output side, and unnecessary life judgment due to the drop of the capacitor voltage at the time of sudden fluctuation of the load power is prevented. It has the effect of being able to.

  In addition, it is configured to change the life judgment threshold according to the amount of fluctuation of the load power connected to the output side, and unnecessary life judgment due to the drop in the capacitor voltage when the load power suddenly fluctuates. It has the effect that it can be prevented.

  Furthermore, the difference between the absolute value of the instantaneous voltage in each phase of the AC power supply and the DC voltage obtained by rectifying the AC power supply is configured to include a maximum deviation angle detection means for detecting a power supply phase that maximizes the deterioration. Even when the degree is very low, it is possible to accurately grasp the symptoms of life, and it is possible to grasp the precise influence on the capacity loss of the electrolytic capacitor excluding the influence due to the rapid fluctuation of the load. Has an effect.

  Further, by detecting the maximum deviation angle, the absolute value of the instantaneous voltage in each phase of the AC power supply and the detection timing of the DC voltage obtained by rectifying the AC power supply are fixed to the maximum deviation angle. In addition, it has the effect of grasping the point at which the influence on the electrical characteristics due to the life of the electrolytic capacitor is most significant, recognizing the deterioration tendency at a higher speed, and eliminating unnecessary life judgment.

  Further, the life judging means or the maximum deviation angle detecting means is provided in the microcomputer, and since the judgment part is provided in the control unit of the electric device as a load, it can be constructed at a lower cost. It has the action.

  In addition, phase jump detection means for detecting the jump of the power phase is provided, and the life judgment is stopped when the power phase jumps, and the power company side switches the phase in units of pole transformers. Even when the power supply voltage is disturbed due to a jump in the power supply phase when performing the operation, it is possible to make a life judgment that does not depend on the judgment of the capacitor life.

  Furthermore, the life determination means includes storage means for storing a difference for a predetermined time between the absolute value of the instantaneous voltage at each phase of the AC power supply and the rectified DC voltage of the AC power supply, and determines the life based on the stored difference. Thus, the characteristics at the end of the life can be monitored in time series, and the time from the time series difference data to the life can be detected more accurately.

  The life judging means has a difference threshold of at least two stages, and when the difference falls below the difference threshold having the largest threshold, the life judging time interval is shortened. In the initial stage of installing the capacitor, the number of unnecessary life judgments is reduced, and when the end of the life is reached, the life is judged by increasing the density, so that it is possible to perform more stable and safe detection.

  Furthermore, it is configured to stop the operation of the electrical equipment according to the life judgment result judged by the life judgment means of the power supply device, preventing malfunctioning that does not match the design of the electrical equipment, and more stable operation Can be secured, and at the same time, the electronic component can be safely stopped when the life of the electronic component is reached.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 shows a configuration diagram of a power supply device according to the first embodiment. As shown in the figure, the power supply device includes a diode bridge 2 as a rectifying means for rectifying an AC power supply 1, a capacitor 3 as a smoothing means for smoothing a voltage rectified by the diode bridge 2, and a life determination means 4. As a first voltage detector 4a for detecting the voltage across the capacitor 3, a second diode bridge 4b for detecting the absolute value of the instantaneous voltage in each phase of the AC power supply 1, and an output voltage of the second diode bridge 4b Is provided with a life determination unit 4d that always determines the life of the capacitor 3 from the difference between the second voltage detector 4c for detecting the voltage and the DC voltage obtained by rectifying and smoothing the AC power source 1, that is, the voltage across the capacitor 3.

  Next, a flowchart of the life determination unit 4d is shown in FIG. 2, and an explanatory diagram of the life determination is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, the life determination unit 4d inputs the voltage of the capacitor 3 and the absolute value of the instantaneous voltage (voltage obtained by full-wave rectification). The deviation is calculated from the input voltage of the capacitor 3 and the absolute value of the instantaneous voltage, and the maximum value of the deviation is updated. A voltage that is larger than a predetermined value (for example, a ripple allowable value corresponding to load power as a design value) when a predetermined time (for example, 5 cycles of 50 Hz: 100 ms as a time taking into account the influence of noise or the like) has elapsed. If the ripple voltage is lower than the specified value as compared with the value 70V), it is determined that the life of the capacitor 3 is reached. FIG. 3 shows the timing at which the lifetime determining unit 4d determines the lifetime. As shown in the figure, the determination cycle is such that the determination timing does not become the power supply frequency or an integer multiple of the power supply frequency. Depending on the timing of the determination, the peak point of the AC power source 1 is used, but the determination period is such that the phase angle shifts from the peak point of the AC power source 1 as time passes.

  As described above, according to the first embodiment, the lifetime detection can be performed without using a temperature sensor or the like by constantly comparing the deviation of the absolute value of the voltage of the capacitor 3 and the absolute value of the instantaneous voltage with the specified value of the ripple voltage. The detection timing is not fixed to the specific phase of the AC power supply voltage, and the phase is slid sequentially, preventing unnecessary life detection or malfunction detection when necessary, and enabling faster life detection. It can be.

  In this embodiment, a simple configuration using a diode bridge is used to detect the absolute value of the instantaneous voltage. However, a configuration using an OP amplifier or the like may be used in consideration of distortion due to the forward voltage of the diode. .

  Further, although the predetermined time is five power supply cycles, other detection time in consideration of not being affected by noise or the like may be used.

  Furthermore, although the allowable ripple voltage is 10 V as an example, other voltage values may be used in consideration of the ripple voltage generated due to fluctuations in load power.

  In addition, since the life of the capacitor 3 is not a characteristic that deteriorates instantaneously, if the cycle does not become a multiple of the power cycle, the effect is good even in other cycles.

(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 4 shows a configuration diagram of the power supply device according to the second embodiment.

  In addition, the same thing as Embodiment 1 attaches | subjects the same symbol, and abbreviate | omits detailed description.

  As shown in the figure, the power supply apparatus includes a life determination stop unit 5 that stops the life determination in response to a change in load power connected to the output side or a load on / off signal.

  Next, the flowchart of the life diagnosis stop means 5 will be described with reference to FIG.

  As shown in the figure, the life diagnosis canceling means 5 inputs a load on / off signal from the load control side. When a load on / off signal is input, a command is issued to stop the voltage detection of the capacitor 3 and the absolute value detection of the instantaneous voltage.

  As described above, according to the second embodiment, the life diagnosis is stopped when the voltage of the capacitor 3 drops or rises at the moment when the load connected to the output of the power supply device is turned on or off. Unnecessary life judgment can be suppressed. Further, even when the capacitance of the capacitor 3 is set to a capacitance that suppresses the ripple component of the DC voltage to a minimum, it is possible to suppress the influence on the life judgment and prevent unnecessary detection.

  In this embodiment, a simple configuration using a diode bridge is used to detect the absolute value of the instantaneous voltage. However, a configuration using an OP amplifier or the like may be used in consideration of distortion due to the forward voltage of the diode. .

  Further, although the voltage detection of the capacitor 3 and the absolute value detection of the instantaneous voltage are stopped, the voltage detection may be performed and the life determination part after the calculation of the deviation may be stopped.

(Embodiment 3)
FIG. 6 shows a configuration diagram of the power supply device according to the third embodiment.

  The same components as those in the first or second embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  As shown in the figure, the power supply device includes threshold changing means 6 that changes the life judgment threshold according to the amount of change in load power connected to the output side. The threshold value changing means 6 outputs a current sensor 6a that measures a load-side current, a threshold value correction unit 6b that determines a correction value of the threshold value according to the measured load-side current value, and a calculated threshold value correction value. An output unit 6c is provided.

  Next, a calculation flowchart of the threshold correction unit 6b will be described with reference to FIG.

  As shown in the figure, the threshold correction unit 6b inputs a load current. The correction value of the threshold value is calculated by referring to the correction table from the input load current. FIG. 8 shows an example of the correction table. The correction table is determined so that the correction value is zero in the region where the load current is small from the capacity margin of the capacitor 3 and the correction value is corrected only in the region where the load current is large. Therefore, when the stability is lost due to noise or the like of the current detection, or the correction value does not fluctuate due to a minute change, it is updated when fluctuating due to turning on and off of the actual load. The calculated correction value is subtracted from the threshold value.

  As described above, according to the third embodiment, even when the capacity of the capacitor 3 is set to a capacity that minimizes the ripple component of the DC voltage, and when the load fluctuates, the threshold value is corrected sequentially. Thus, it is possible to perform a stable life diagnosis.

  In this embodiment, a simple configuration using a diode bridge is used to detect the absolute value of the instantaneous voltage. However, a configuration using an OP amplifier or the like may be used in consideration of distortion due to the forward voltage of the diode. .

  Moreover, although it was set as the structure which determines a correction value with a correction table, it is good also as a structure which determines a correction value using numerical formula.

(Embodiment 4)
FIG. 9 shows a configuration diagram of a power supply device according to the fourth embodiment.

  The same components as those in the first to third embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  As shown in the figure, the power supply device has a maximum deviation for detecting a power supply phase in which a difference between an absolute value of an instantaneous voltage in each phase of the AC power supply 1 and a DC voltage obtained by rectifying the AC power supply 1 using a diode bridge 2 is maximized. The microcomputer 9 includes an angle detection means 7 and a detection timing fixing means 8 for fixing the detection timing to the maximum deviation angle detected by the maximum deviation angle detection means 7.

  Next, a flowchart of the maximum deviation angle detection means 7 will be described with reference to FIG.

  As shown in the figure, the maximum deviation angle detection means 7 inputs the absolute value of the instantaneous voltage of the AC power supply 1. Further, the DC voltage smoothed by the capacitor 3 is input. In addition, the phase of 0 to π and π to 2π of the AC power supply 1 is input from the absolute value of the instantaneous voltage of the AC power supply 1. Here, since full-wave rectification is performed, 0 to π and π to 2π are not distinguished, but the absolute value of the instantaneous voltage in each phase of the AC power supply 1 and the DC voltage obtained by rectifying the AC power supply 1 using the diode bridge 2 This is not a problem for the purpose of detecting the power supply phase that maximizes the difference between the two. The maximum deviation angle detection means 7 detects the phase angle (maximum deviation angle) at which the deviation between the absolute value of the instantaneous voltage of the AC power supply 1 and the voltage of the capacitor 3 is maximum in the half cycle of the AC power supply 1.

  Next, a flowchart of the detection timing fixing means 8 will be described with reference to FIG.

  As shown in the figure, the detection timing fixing means 8 inputs the maximum deviation angle detected by the maximum deviation angle detection means 7. Further, the frequency of the AC power supply 1 is input to determine the initial period. Further, the detection interrupt cycle is determined from the absolute value detection number within one cycle (half the power cycle). For example, when the number of absolute value detections in one cycle is 32, the interrupt cycle is set to 32. Further, the absolute value detected value corresponding to the maximum deviation angle from the phase angle 0 is input, and a detection value number corresponding to the maximum deviation angle is newly set to 32. When the number is subtracted from the detection value number by 1 for each detection cycle and becomes zero, 32 is set. The deviation as the maximum deviation angle is calculated at the moment when it becomes zero.

  As described above, according to the fourth embodiment, the phase angle at which the deviation between the absolute value of the instantaneous voltage of the AC power supply 1 and the DC voltage smoothed by the capacitor 3 is maximized is detected, and the degree of deterioration is very low. Even in such cases, it is possible to accurately grasp the symptoms of life, recognize the tendency of deterioration at a higher speed, eliminate unnecessary life judgment, and eliminate the effects of sudden fluctuations in load. It is possible to grasp the exact influence regarding the capacity loss.

(Embodiment 5)
FIG. 12 shows a configuration diagram of the power supply device according to the fifth embodiment.

  The same components as those in the first to fourth embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  As shown in the figure, the power supply device includes a phase jump detection means 10 that detects a jump in the power supply phase that occurs when switching the phase of the AC power supply 1 on the power transmission side or when a heavy load is applied, and the power supply phase jumps. The second life diagnosis stop means 11 is provided for stopping the life judgment when it is done.

  Next, a flowchart of the phase jump detection means 10 will be described with reference to FIG.

  As shown in the figure, the phase jump detection means 10 starts a counting counter. The absolute value of the instantaneous voltage at each phase of the AC power supply 1 is input. The count counter value at the moment when the input absolute value becomes zero is cleared to zero. Next, the count counter at the moment when the absolute value becomes zero is read, and then the count counter value is reset. The difference between the previous count counter value read by repeating this operation and the current count counter value is calculated. If the difference of the counter is greater than or equal to a predetermined value (for example, if the standard counter value for the half cycle of the AC power supply 1 is 32, the predetermined value is ± 4) It is determined that a phase jump has occurred.

  Next, the flowchart of the second life diagnosis stopping means 11 will be described with reference to FIG.

  As shown in the figure, the second life diagnosis cancellation unit 11 inputs a result of whether or not the phase jump determined by the phase jump detection unit 10 has occurred. When there is an input indicating that a phase jump has occurred, a command is sent to the life diagnosis means 4 to stop the life diagnosis.

  As described above, according to the fifth embodiment, the life of the capacitor 3 is unnecessarily long due to a shift in the charge / discharge cycle of the capacitor 3 due to a jump in the power supply phase that occurs when the power transmission side is switched or when a heavy load is applied. The determination is prevented, and the life of the capacitor 3 is determined.

(Embodiment 6)
FIG. 15 shows a configuration diagram of a power supply device according to the sixth embodiment.

  In addition, the same thing as Embodiment 1-5 attaches | subjects the same symbol, and abbreviate | omits detailed description.

  As shown in the figure, the power supply device has a life determination means 4B, and accumulates a difference for a predetermined time between the absolute value of the instantaneous voltage at each phase of the AC power supply 1 and the rectified DC voltage of the AC power supply 1. Means 4Ba and a second life determination unit 4Bb for determining the life based on an integrated value within a predetermined time of the accumulated voltage difference are provided.

  Next, the flowchart of the storage means 4Ba will be described with reference to FIG.

  As shown in the figure, the storage means 4Ba receives the absolute value of the instantaneous voltage at each phase of the AC power supply 1 and the rectified DC voltage (voltage of the capacitor 3) of the AC power supply 1. The difference between the input voltage values is calculated and integrated. It is determined whether or not a predetermined time (for example, 20 ms when the power supply frequency is 50 Hz) has elapsed. If the predetermined time has elapsed, the accumulated voltage difference (voltage deviation integrated value) is output to the second life determination unit 4Bb. To do. Also, after output, the integrated value is cleared.

  Next, a flowchart of the second life determination unit 4Bb will be described with reference to FIG.

  As shown in the figure, the second life determination unit 4Bb inputs the voltage deviation integrated value from the storage unit 4Ba. Since the input voltage deviation integrated value becomes a small value as the capacity of the capacitor 3 decreases, if the voltage deviation integrated value exceeds the threshold value determined by the standard capacity and the load capacity of the capacitor 3, the life is not reached. to decide. Moreover, if it is less than a threshold value, it will be judged that it is a lifetime.

  As described above, according to the sixth embodiment, the storage unit 4Ba that stores the difference for a predetermined time between the absolute value of the instantaneous voltage in each phase of the AC power supply 1 and the rectified DC voltage of the AC power supply 1 is provided. Since the life is determined based on the accumulated difference, the characteristics at the end of the life can be monitored in time series, and the period from the time series difference data to the life can be detected more accurately.

  In the present embodiment, the predetermined storage time of the storage means 4Ba is 20 ms, but it may be configured to store data for a longer period in consideration of the influence of noise and the like.

(Embodiment 7)
FIG. 18 shows a flowchart of the life judging means 4C in the seventh embodiment.

  In addition, the same thing as Embodiment 1-6 is attached | subjected the same symbol, and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

  As shown in the figure, the life determination means 4C has two stages of threshold values for the difference between the absolute value of the instantaneous voltage in each phase of the AC power supply 1 and the rectified DC voltage of the AC power supply 1 (the voltage of the capacitor 3). Yes. When the difference between the absolute value of the instantaneous voltage at each phase of the AC power supply 1 and the rectified DC voltage of the AC power supply 1 falls below a large difference threshold, the time interval for determining the life is shortened. For example, if the time interval (initial value) for determining the life is 1 minute, the timer is set to 30 seconds next time to shorten the time.

  As described above, according to the seventh embodiment, the life determination means 4C has two levels of threshold values for the difference between the absolute value of the instantaneous voltage and the rectified DC voltage of the AC power supply 1 at each phase of the AC power supply 1. When the actual difference falls below the large difference threshold, the life judgment time interval is shortened. When the capacitor 3 is installed, the number of unnecessary life judgments is reduced, and the end of the life is reached. Since the life is determined by increasing the density, more stable and safe detection can be performed at high speed.

  In this embodiment, the time interval (initial value) for determining the life is 1 minute and the next setting is 30 seconds. However, the initial time interval may be any other time.

  Although the next set time interval is halved, other ratios may be used as long as the direction is shortened, and the absolute time may be shortened (for example, 20 seconds is shortened to 40 seconds). .

(Embodiment 8)
In FIG. 19, the block diagram of the air cleaner 12 as an electric equipment carrying the power supply device in this Embodiment 8 is shown.

  The same components as those in the first to seventh embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  As shown in the figure, the air purifier 12 has a life determination means 4D, and is provided with a device operation control means 13 for stopping the operation in accordance with the life determination result determined by the life determination means 4D. The life determination means 4D includes a first voltage detector 4a for detecting the voltage across the capacitor 3, a second diode bridge 4b for detecting the absolute value of the instantaneous voltage in each phase of the AC power supply 1, and a second A life determination unit 4d that always determines the life of the capacitor 3 from the difference between the second voltage detector 4c that detects the output voltage of the diode bridge 4b and the DC voltage obtained by rectifying and smoothing the AC power supply 1, that is, the voltage across the capacitor 3; The operation output unit 4Da that outputs the determination result detected by the life determination unit 4d to the device operation control means 13 is provided.

  Next, the flowchart of the apparatus operation control means 13 is demonstrated, referring FIG.

  As shown in the figure, the device operation control means 13 stops the fan motor 12a and the display unit 12b in this order in the case of a signal input indicating the end of life from the life determination result input from the operation output unit 4Da. If no signal is input, the process is terminated.

  As described above, according to the eighth embodiment, the operation of the air purifier 12 as an electrical device is stopped according to the lifetime determination result determined by the lifetime determination means 4D of the power supply device, and the design of the device is performed. It is possible to prevent a malfunctioning operation that does not match and ensure a more stable operation, and at the same time, it can be safely stopped when the life of the electronic component is reached.

  In the present embodiment, the electric device is the air purifier 12, but other devices may be used as long as the device includes the capacitor 3 for smoothing when converting AC power to DC power. Good.

  Moreover, although it stopped in order of the fan motor 12a and the display part 12b, the other order which considered the user's safety aspect may be sufficient depending on an apparatus structure and an external shape.

1 is a configuration diagram of a power supply device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Flowchart of same life determination unit 4d Explanatory drawing of same life judgment Configuration diagram of power supply apparatus according to Embodiment 2 Flow chart of the same life diagnosis stop means 5 Configuration diagram of power supply apparatus according to Embodiment 3 Calculation flowchart of the threshold correction unit 6b The figure which shows an example of the correction table Configuration diagram of power supply apparatus according to Embodiment 4 Flow chart of the maximum deviation angle detection means 7 Flow chart of the detection timing fixing means 8 Configuration diagram of power supply apparatus according to Embodiment 5 Flow chart of in-phase jump detection means 10 Flow chart of the second life diagnosis stop means 11 Configuration diagram of power supply apparatus according to Embodiment 6 Flow chart of the storage means 4Ba Flowchart of second life determination unit 4Bb Flowchart of life determination means 4C in the seventh embodiment Configuration diagram of air purifier 12 as an electric device equipped with the power supply device according to the eighth embodiment. Flow chart of the device operation control means 13 Configuration diagram of life prediction circuit of power supply device in Patent Document 1 of related art Configuration diagram of a life detection device for an electrolytic capacitor of a conventional power supply device in Patent Document 2 Configuration diagram of lifetime alarm device for aluminum electrolytic capacitor of power supply device in Patent Document 3 Explanatory drawing about the method of the remaining life prediction notification in the conventional patent document 4 Explanatory drawing about the prediction method of the lifetime of the capacitor in the conventional patent document 5 Explanatory drawing of the capacitor life prediction apparatus in the conventional patent document 6

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 AC power supply 2 Diode bridge 3 Capacitor 4 Life determination means 4a 1st voltage detector 4b 2nd diode bridge 4c 2nd voltage detector 4d Life judgment part 4B Life judgment means 4Ba Accumulation means 4Bb 2nd life judgment part 4C Life judgment means 4D life judgment means 4Da operation output section 5 life judgment stop means 6 threshold change means 6a current sensor 6b threshold correction section 6c output section 7 maximum deviation angle detection means 8 detection timing fixing means 9 microcomputer 10 phase jump detection means 11 second life Diagnosis stop means 12 Air purifier 12a Fan motor 12b Display unit 13 Equipment operation control means 14 Power supply 15 Power supply circuit 16 Temperature sensor 17 Calculation circuit 18 V / F converter 19 Integration counter 20 Display 21 Power supply 22 Electrolytic capacitor life detection device 23 Degree detection means 24 Memory means 25 Calculation means 26 Replacement time detection means 27 Inverter 28 Ripple current calculator 29 Capacitor 30 Self-heating calculation circuit 31 Operating time detector 32 Alarm circuit 33 Electrolytic capacitor 34 Thin film tape 35 Temperature sensor 36 Heat shrinkable tube 37 Electric Double Layer Capacitor 38 Deformed Section 39 First Conductor 40 Second Conductor 41 Terminal 42 Resistor 43 Capacitor 44 Pulsation Component Information Providing Device

Claims (11)

Rectification means for rectifying the AC power supply, smoothing means for smoothing the voltage rectified by the rectification means, and the difference between the absolute value of the instantaneous voltage at each phase of the AC power supply and the DC voltage obtained by rectifying the AC power supply A power supply device comprising life determining means for determining the life of a capacitor provided in the smoothing means. 2. The power supply device according to claim 1, wherein an absolute value of an instantaneous voltage at each phase of the AC power supply and a DC voltage obtained by rectifying the AC power supply are detected at a period different from the AC power supply period. 2. The power supply apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the life judgment is stopped according to a fluctuation amount of the load power connected to the output side. 2. The power supply apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the life judgment threshold value is changed in accordance with a fluctuation amount of load power connected to the output side. 2. A maximum deviation angle detecting means for detecting a power phase in which a difference between an absolute value of an instantaneous voltage in each phase of the AC power supply and a DC voltage obtained by rectifying the AC power supply is maximized. Power supply. 6. The detection timing of the absolute value of the instantaneous voltage at each phase of the AC power supply and the DC voltage obtained by rectifying the AC power supply is fixed to the maximum deviation angle by detecting the maximum deviation angle. Power supply. 7. The power supply device according to claim 5, wherein the life judging means or the maximum deviation angle detecting means is provided in a microcomputer. The power supply apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising phase jump detection means for detecting a jump in power supply phase, wherein the life judgment is stopped when the power supply phase jumps. The life determination means includes storage means for storing a difference for a predetermined time between the absolute value of the instantaneous voltage at each phase of the AC power supply and the rectified DC voltage of the AC power supply, and determines the life based on the stored difference. The power supply device according to claim 1. 2. The power source according to claim 1, wherein the life judgment means has at least two or more stages of difference thresholds, and shortens the time interval of life judgment when the difference exceeds the difference threshold having the largest threshold. apparatus. 11. The electric device equipped with the power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the operation is stopped in accordance with a life judgment result judged by the life judgment means.

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