JP2008190908A - Flow direction meter - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a flow direction meter having simple structure, capable of detecting a flow direction of a forward flow, stop or a backward flow in a channel without power supplies. <P>SOLUTION: This flow direction meter is characterized by being equipped with a case body 5 installed on a sidewall 3A on one side of the channel 3; a flow direction detecting member 11, suspended in the case body 5 rockably toward a water flow direction in the channel 3, and equipped with a flow speed adjusting plate 15 on the tip projecting to the downside of the case body 5; a magnet 17, fixed in the middle in the longitudinal direction of the flow direction detecting member 11; and an arc-shaped lead switching pipe 21, having a plurality of built-in lead switches 19 arranged in circular form and in ON/OFF-operably by the magnet 17, along a rocking locus of the magnet 17 following rocking of the flow direction detecting member 11, wherein the plurality of lead switches 19 are arranged on each position for detecting the forward flow, stop or the backward flow. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a flow direction meter, and in particular, for the safety of inland flooded areas (areas where people live) during floods, the flow direction of a water channel is either forward, stop, or reverse flow when opening or closing a gate of a river structure. It relates to a flow direction meter for judgment.

  Flood control facilities have an important role in ensuring the safety of flooded areas during floods, and one such example is the lock as a river structure. Xiamen is a water control facility that is installed across rivers or waterways, and is sometimes provided as a culvert in the main river embankment where the tributaries crossing the Xiamen cross. ing. The opening operation of the gate of Xiamen is of high importance, and during typhoons or torrential rains, the amount of inflow into the waterway temporarily increases, so the water level rises and the waterway must be operated without proper operation. Some of them have a great social impact because they cause flooding from the inside and flooding the surrounding houses. As described above, the lock gate is a facility that shuts off hydraulic influences that occur upstream and downstream (inside and outside) of the facility by closing and closing the gate.

  In this way, there are tens of thousands of lock gates and pipe gates throughout the country to prevent backflow from the main river during floods. The gates were manually opened and closed, but for reasons such as the aging of entrusted residents, the system is changing to remote from the office using optical cables. Therefore, the necessity of the flow direction meter which detects the flow direction of the water flow of a water channel with a sensor instead of visual observation has increased.

  Conventional flow direction meters include an ultrasonic flow direction meter and an electromagnetic flow direction meter. For example, as shown in Patent Document 1, an ultrasonic flow direction meter is configured such that two ultrasonic transducers are installed on the opposite bank of a water channel at a preset angle with respect to the water flow direction. An ultrasonic pulse is transmitted from one to the other transducer and transmitted in the opposite direction. The transmission time of this ultrasonic pulse is measured, and the flow direction (and flow velocity) is calculated from the transmission time, the installation angle, and the line length.

In addition, as shown in Patent Document 2, for example, an electromagnetic flow direction meter creates a magnetic field around an electromagnetic coil provided inside a detection unit, and water that is a dielectric passes through the magnetic field. The direction of water flow is measured by detecting the electromotive force generated in the water.
Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-56383 Japanese Patent No. 3623773

  By the way, in a conventional flow direction meter such as an ultrasonic flow direction meter and an electromagnetic flow direction meter, in order to detect the flow direction, a power source and various electric converters are required. It is relatively expensive at 10,000 yen. Therefore, there is a problem that it is impossible on the budget to install in all locations in response to the needs of tens of thousands of locations.

  In addition, the ultrasonic flow meter measures the average flow velocity of the water channel and can detect the flow velocity data in addition to the detection of forward flow, stop, and reverse flow, but since two ultrasonic transducers are installed on the opposite shore of the water channel, When bubbles are continuously generated on the measurement line, missing measurement occurs, or ultrasonic propagation due to sedimentation or vegetation in the ultrasonic propagation path is hindered and measurement cannot be performed. Therefore, there are many restrictions on the installation location of the ultrasonic flow direction meter. If it cannot be installed near the gate but installed in a very distant place, there is a problem that the response speed to the direction of the water flow during flooding becomes slow.

  In addition, the electromagnetic flow meter is installed only on one side wall of the water channel to measure the flow velocity in the vicinity of the side wall, and can detect flow velocity data in addition to detection of forward flow, stop, and reverse flow. It is easy to receive the malfunction trouble by, and there are many restrictions on the installation place of the electromagnetic flow direction meter. For this reason, if it cannot be installed near the gate but is installed at a considerably distant place, there is a problem that the reaction speed with respect to the direction of the water flow at the time of flooding becomes slow, as in the case of the ultrasonic flowmeter described above. In addition, since the flow direction is measured only at points, the measurement may be hindered by eddy currents or convection. When the width of the waterway is wide, the flow direction may be different between the center and the side wall of the waterway.

In order to achieve the problem to be solved by the present invention, a flow direction meter of the present invention comprises a case main body attached to a side wall on one side of a water channel,
A flow direction detecting member suspended in the case body so as to be swingable in the water flow direction of the water channel, and provided with a flow rate adjusting plate at a tip protruding below the case body,
A magnet fixed in the middle of the longitudinal direction of the flow direction detection member;
A plurality of reed switches arranged in an arc shape so that the magnet can be turned ON / OFF along the swing trajectory of the magnet as the flow direction detecting member swings, and the plurality of reed switches are forward flowed. An arc-shaped reed switch pipe arranged at a position to detect stop, reverse flow,
It is characterized by comprising.

  In the flow direction meter of the present invention, in the flow direction meter, the plurality of reed switches of the reed switch pipe are arranged in the same oblique direction so that each of the forward flow, stop flow, and reverse flow detection is turned on by at least two reed switches. It is preferable that it is the structure arrange | positioned in parallel.

  In the flow direction meter according to the present invention, preferably, the case main body is provided with an inundation detection device for detecting the presence or absence of inundation in the case body.

  In the flow direction meter of the present invention, it is preferable that the flow rate adjusting plate is provided so that the length thereof can be adjusted in the extending direction of the flow direction detection member.

  As can be understood from the means for solving the problems as described above, according to the present invention, since the flow direction can be detected without a power source because a plurality of reed switches are used, the design of the power source of the facility is facilitated. Since an electrical converter is not required, it is small in size, low in cost, and highly reliable in detecting the flow direction, so that it can be easily installed at a required location in response to needs.

  In addition, since the contact signal is detected with no power supply, it can be used underwater by resin molding, and it can reduce malfunction due to wind due to the weight of the flow direction detection member. It can be strong and strong against the outdoor natural environment.

  In addition, because it can detect the flow direction even if it is installed only on the side wall of one side of the waterway, it is not affected by air bubbles, sedimentation, vegetation, etc., and it is not susceptible to malfunction failure due to external noise such as radio waves. Almost no restrictions on location.

  In addition, Xiamen and Yodo pipe gates have different situations at each site, and it is also necessary to detect the flow direction at multiple points even at one site, but it is sufficient because it is simple and inexpensive. Yes. That is, it can be easily installed at a required location.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  Referring to FIGS. 1 (A) and 1 (B), the flow direction meter 1 according to this embodiment is attached to the side wall 3A on one side of the water channel 3, and is the water flow in the water channel 3 forward, stopped, or reverse? Is to measure. That is, for example, the case main body 5 is configured by a main body portion 5A having a rectangular parallelepiped box shape and a lid portion 5B, and the main body portion 5A is fixed to the side wall 3A on one side of the water channel 3 by, for example, four places with the anchors 7. An opening 9 is formed on the lower side of the case main body 5, that is, on the lower side of the main body 5A.

  Further, inside the case body 5, for example, a flow direction detection rod 11 as a flow direction detection member is swingable on the support shaft portion 13 in the water flow direction of the water channel 3 (left and right direction in FIG. 1A). The tip of the flow direction detection rod 11 protrudes downward from the opening 9 of the case body 5, and a flow rate adjusting plate 15 is provided at the protruding tip. The flow rate adjusting plate 15 is provided so that its length can be adjusted in the extending direction of the flow direction detecting rod 11. By adjusting the length of the flow velocity adjusting plate 15, the flow velocity value that is sensitive to the water flow in the water channel 3 can be adjusted. For example, if the flow rate adjusting plate 15 is long, the sensitivity is high, so that the deflection width of the flow direction detecting rod 11 is large, and conversely, if the flow velocity adjusting plate 15 is short, the sensitivity is low, so the deflection width of the flow direction detecting rod 11 is small. Become. A detailed description of the measurement of the flow velocity value of the water flow and the length adjustment of the flow velocity adjusting plate 15 will be described later.

  Further, for example, a permanent magnet 17 as a magnet is fixed in the middle of the flow direction detecting rod 11 in the longitudinal direction.

  2A to 2F, an arc-shaped reed switch tube 21 containing, for example, a plurality of reed switches 19 is fixed to the main body portion 5A of the case main body 5. Further, the plurality of reed switches 19 are arranged in an arc shape so that the permanent magnet 17 can be turned ON / OFF along a swing locus of the permanent magnet 17 as the flow direction detecting rod 11 swings. The plurality of reed switches 19 are disposed at positions for detecting forward flow, stop, and reverse flow of the water flow in the water channel 3.

  More specifically, FIGS. 2 (A), (C), and (E) illustrate the curved reed switch tube 21 in a straight line, and the reed switch tube 21 is hollow with a rectangular cross section. A printed circuit board 25 is arranged on one side of the inside of the tube 23, and a plurality of reed switches 19 on the printed circuit board 25 are turned on by at least two or more reed switches 19 to detect each of forward flow, stop, and reverse flow. As much as possible, they are arranged in parallel in the same diagonal direction. In other words, since the plurality of reed switches 19 are arranged in parallel in the same oblique direction, the distance D between the contacts 27 of the adjacent reed switches 19 can be reduced, so that two or more can be obtained with one permanent magnet 17. The reed switch 19 can be turned on. The detection accuracy can be improved by turning on the two or more reed switches 19.

  In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2 (E), a total of six reed switches 19 (LS1 to LS6) are arranged in parallel in the same diagonal direction to detect forward flow, stop, and reverse flow, respectively. The two reed switches 19 are arranged to be turned on. That is, the reverse flow is detected when the reed switches LS1 and LS2 are turned on, the stop is detected when the reed switches LS3 and LS4 are turned on, and the forward flow is detected when the reed switches LS5 and LS6 are turned on. .

  Referring to FIG. 3A, the structure of the reed switch 19 is such that two ferromagnetic reeds 29 are encapsulated inside the glass tube 31 so as to be opposed to the contact 27 at each end through a gap. Yes. Further, an inert gas 33 is sealed inside the glass tube 31 to prevent the contact 27 from being activated. The contact 27 is plated with rhodium or iridium to stabilize the characteristics and extend the life.

  As shown in FIG. 3 (B), when the permanent magnet 17 approaches the reed switch 19, the N pole and the S pole are guided to the lead 29, and the magnetic contact force makes contact with the contact point 27. It operates as follows. Further, when the permanent magnet 17 is separated and the magnetic field is removed, the lead 29 returns to the original position due to the mechanical elasticity, and the contact 27 is separated to be turned off.

  2A to 2F again, on the right end side of the printed circuit board 25 in FIG. 2E, whether or not the flow meter 1 is in water is checked for the presence or absence of water immersion. An inundation detecting device 35 is attached. In the inundation detection device 35, for example, two intrusion detection rods 37 are attached to both sides of a shaft-like support 39, and an inundation detection unit 41 is provided at the tip of the two inundation detection rods 37. . That is, the presence or absence of flooding is determined by detecting the conductive resistance value between the flooding detection rods 37 when the flooding detection unit 41 is flooded. For example, when the conductive resistance value exceeds 35 kilo ohms, it is detected that the water has not been submerged, and when the conductive resistance value is 35 kilo ohms or less, it is detected that the liquid has been submerged.

  Next, the usage example of said flow direction meter 1 is demonstrated.

  Referring to FIG. 4, for example, a lock 43 as a river structure is provided between the inner water side of the water channel 3 and the outer water side of the main river 45. A gate 47 constituting the lock 43 is provided to move up and down. A lower end of a rack 51 extending in the vertical direction, which is a part of the opening / closing device 49, is attached to an upper end portion of the gate 47, and a driving device 53 is provided at the upper end of the rack 51. The driving device 53 includes a pinion and a driving motor (not shown) meshed with the rack 51. By driving the driving motor and rotating the pinion, the rack 51 moves up and down and the gate 47 moves up and down. Open and close by moving. The driving device 53 may use other known driving mechanisms other than this.

  In the vicinity of the gate 47, the flow meter 1 is attached to the side wall 3 </ b> A on one side of the water channel 3. One end (lower end in FIG. 4) of the electric cable 55 is attached to the flow direction meter 1 and the other end side of the electric cable 55 is monitored and controlled by a transmission line equipment 59 via a display device 57 at a remote place. The configuration is connected to the device 61. The monitoring / control device 61 includes a monitoring control terminal 63.

  Although not shown in the figure, the transmission line equipment 59 transmits camera information and the like simultaneously through an IP transmission line system by using one or both of an optical cable system and a satellite communication system, thereby enabling safety confirmation by the camera and fishing. A more reliable and safe sluice remote control system can be constructed by evacuation broadcasting to people. There are already many examples of optical cable systems, but there is a problem in dealing with places where optical cables are not cut and no optical cables are laid. On the other hand, satellite communication systems can be made compact, inexpensive, and high-speed IP as technology advances. Duplication of optical cable and satellite communication enables a more reliable transmission path.

  Referring also to FIG. 5, the reed switches LS1 and LS2 of the reed switch tube 21 are connected to the reverse display lamp L1 in the display device 59, and the reed switches LS3 and LS4 are connected to the stop display lamp L2. The reed switches LS5 and LS6 are connected to the forward display lamp L3.

  The driving device 53 of the opening / closing device 49 is connected to a monitoring control terminal 63 in a monitoring / control device 61 installed at a remote place via a transmission line equipment 59, for example.

  With the above configuration, for example, in FIG. 6A, the gate 47 is in an open state, and the water flow is flowing forward from the inner water side of the water channel 3 toward the outer water side of the main river 45. At this time, the flow rate adjusting plate 15 of the flow direction meter 1 moves in the right direction in FIG. 1 in response to the water flow in the water channel 3, so that the flow direction detection rod 11 is counteracted around the support shaft portion 13 of the case body 5. It will rotate in the clockwise direction. Therefore, the permanent magnet 17 in the middle of the longitudinal direction of the flow direction detecting rod 11 moves in an arc shape in the counterclockwise direction as the flow direction detecting rod 11 swings, and the position of the two-dot chain line on the right side in FIG. Stop at.

  That is, the permanent magnet 17 stops at a position corresponding to the two-dot chain line on the right side in FIG. 2A, and the reed switches LS5 and LS6 are turned on. Then, since the forward flow display lamp L3 is turned on in FIG. 5, the monitoring person in the monitoring room 57 can detect that the water flow in the water channel 3 is forward. Therefore, the gate 47 is left open.

  On the other hand, from the above-described forward flow state, as shown in FIG. 6B, at the beginning of the flood, the water flow flows as a reverse flow from the outside water side of the main river 45 toward the inside water side of the water channel 3. At this time, the gate 47 is in an open state. When the flow reverses, the flow rate adjustment plate 15 of the flow direction meter 1 moves to the left in FIG. 1 in response to the water flow in the water channel 3, so that the flow direction detection rod 11 is centered on the support shaft portion 13 of the case body 5. It will rotate in the turning direction. Therefore, the permanent magnet 17 fixed to the flow direction detecting rod 11 moves in an arc shape in the clockwise direction as the flow direction detecting rod 11 swings, and stops at the position of the two-dot chain line on the left side in FIG.

  That is, the permanent magnet 17 stops at a position corresponding to the two-dot chain line on the left side in FIG. 2A, and the reed switches LS1 and LS2 are turned on. Then, since the backflow display lamp L1 is turned on in FIG. 5, the monitoring person in the monitoring room 57 can detect that the water flow in the water channel 3 is reversed.

  The monitoring person who has confirmed the detection of the reverse flow can give an instruction to the driving device 53 from the monitoring / control device 59 in FIG. 4 to close the gate 47 as shown in FIG. As a result, even if the amount of inflow into the water channel 3 temporarily increases during a typhoon or heavy rain, blocking the gate 47 can prevent major damage such as inundation of surrounding houses.

  When the gate 47 is closed, the water flow in the water channel 3 is stopped, so that the flow direction detection rod 11 is suspended from the support shaft portion 13 of the case body 5 in the vertical direction. That is, the permanent magnet 17 stops at a position corresponding to the solid line in the center in FIG. 2A, and the reed switches LS3 and LS4 are turned on. Then, since the stop display lamp L2 in FIG. 5 is turned on, the monitor in the monitoring room 57 can detect that the gate 47 is closed and the water flow in the water channel 3 is stopped.

  From the above, the flow direction meter 1 of this embodiment can detect the flow direction with no power source because a plurality of reed switches 19 are used. Therefore, the design of the power source of the facility is facilitated, and no electrical converter is required. Therefore, since it is small in size, low in cost, and highly reliable in detecting the flow direction, it can be easily installed at a required location in response to needs.

  In addition, since the contact signal is detected with no power supply, it can be used underwater by resin molding, and malfunction due to wind can be reduced because of the dead weight of the flow direction detection rod 11. In addition, by incorporating a lightning protection circuit, it is strong against lightning and can be strong against the outdoor natural environment.

  In addition, since the flow direction can be detected even if it is installed only on the side wall 3A on one side of the water channel 3, it is not affected by air bubbles, sediment, vegetation, etc. unlike the conventional ultrasonic flow direction meter. Like an electromagnetic flow meter, it is less susceptible to malfunctions caused by external noise such as radio waves, and there are almost no restrictions on the installation location.

  In addition, the Xiamen 43 and Yodo pipe gates have different conditions at each site, and it is also necessary to detect the flow direction at a plurality of points even in one site, but it is sufficient because it is inexpensive with a simple configuration. It can correspond to. That is, it can be easily installed at a required location.

  Further, by providing the inundation detecting device 35 in the flow direction meter 1, it is possible to detect whether or not the flow direction meter 1 is inundated, so that more reliable operation is possible.

  Next, an application example of the flow direction meter 1 of this embodiment will be described.

  The water pressure received by the flow velocity adjusting plate 15 is proportional to the square of the flow velocity of the water flow, and thus has a curve as shown in FIG. Therefore, for example, when the length of the flow rate adjusting plate 15 is constant, the water pressure when the forward reed switches LS5 and LS6 are turned ON is set in advance, and the flow rate value corresponding to this water pressure is measured in advance. By storing this measured value as a set value in the memory of the monitoring / control device 59, for example, the flow velocity value of the water flow when the reed switches LS5 and LS6 are turned ON during actual measurement can be obtained. Since it is the same also at the time of a backflow, detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

  For convenience of explanation in FIG. 7, the flow velocity value of the water flow on the forward flow side is + V, the flow velocity value of the water flow on the reverse flow side is −V, the water pressure of the water flow on the forward flow side is + P, and the water pressure of the water flow on the reverse flow side is − P.

  Furthermore, if the length of the flow velocity adjusting plate 15 is shortened, the sensitivity to the flow velocity value of the water flow becomes dull, so that the amplitude of the flow direction detection rod 11 corresponding to the predetermined flow velocity value becomes small. In other words, the maximum value of the measurable flow velocity can be increased. Therefore, the interval between the plurality of reed switches 19 is made narrower by changing the arrangement than in the case of the embodiment of FIG. The number of measurement steps can be increased by reducing the measurement interval.

  Therefore, by adjusting the length of the flow velocity adjusting plate 15, it is possible to adjust the measurable stepwise flow velocity value, so that it is possible to detect movement and displacement without using almost all types of gates 47 and flow velocity / flow direction. It can also be applied to sensors for disasters such as mechanical equipment, debris flow detection and sediment movement.

(A) is a front view of the flow direction meter of embodiment of this invention, (B) is sectional drawing of the arrow IB-IB line of (A). (A) is a linear front view of the reed switch tube, (B) is a right side view of (A), (C) is a plan view of the reed switch tube of (A) viewed from below, (D ) Is a right side view of (C), (E) is an assembly plan view of the printed circuit board, the reed switch, and the water immersion detection device, and (F) is a right side view of (E). (A) is a schematic sectional view of the reed switch in the OFF operation state, and (B) is a schematic sectional view of the reed switch in the ON operation state. It is a schematic explanatory drawing of the gate opening / closing apparatus and monitoring room using the flow direction meter of embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic electric circuit diagram which shows the measurement system by the flow direction meter in FIG. (A) is the schematic which shows a forward flow state, (B) is the schematic which shows a backflow state. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the water pressure which the flow-rate adjustment plate of the flow direction meter of embodiment of this invention receives, and the flow velocity value of a water flow.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Flow direction meter 3 Water channel 5 Case main body 9 Opening part 11 Flow direction detection rod (flow direction detection member)
13 Supporting shaft portion 15 Flow rate adjusting plate 17 Permanent magnet (magnet)
19 Reed switch (LS1 to LS6)
21 Reed Switch Tube 23 Hollow Tube 25 Printed Circuit Board 27 Contact 29 Lead 31 Glass Tube 35 Flooding Detection Device 37 Flooding Detection Rod 39 Support 41 Flooding Detection Unit 43 Xiamen 45 Honkawa 47 Gate 49 Opening / Closing Device 53 Driving Device 55 Electric Cable 57 Display Device 59 Transmission Line Equipment 61 Monitoring / Control Device 63 Monitoring / Control Terminal

Claims (4)

A case body attached to the side wall on one side of the waterway;
A flow direction detecting member suspended in the case body so as to be swingable in the water flow direction of the water channel, and provided with a flow rate adjusting plate at a tip protruding below the case body,
A magnet fixed in the middle of the longitudinal direction of the flow direction detection member;
A plurality of reed switches arranged in an arc shape so that the magnet can be turned ON / OFF along the swing trajectory of the magnet as the flow direction detecting member swings, and the plurality of reed switches are forward flowed. An arc-shaped reed switch pipe arranged at a position to detect stop, reverse flow,
A flow direction meter characterized by comprising.   The plurality of reed switches of the reed switch pipe are configured to be arranged in parallel in the same oblique direction so that each of forward flow, stop, and reverse flow detection is turned on by at least two reed switches. The flow direction meter according to 1.   The flow direction meter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the case main body is provided with a water immersion detection device for detecting the presence or absence of water immersion.   4. The flow direction meter according to claim 1, wherein the flow rate adjusting plate is provided so that its length can be adjusted in the extending direction of the flow direction detecting member.

Images