JP2008163280A - Method and apparatus for treating chlorine-containing organic waste - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and an apparatus for treating a chlorine-containing organic waste in which the chlorine-containing organic waste is used as a fuel for cement calcination with easiness and inexpensiveness by crushing, dehydrating, drying, and desalting the organic waste in no use of heat. <P>SOLUTION: In this treating method for the chlorine-containing organic waste, fowl droppings, as a chlorine-containing organic waste, is cast into the rinsing and mixing tank 1 to elute chlorine and/or chlorine compounds into the washing water, remove water by pressing in the dehydrator 2. Then, crushed with the impact force of spinning chains rotating at a high speed in the high speed rotary crusher 6, dehydrated and dried, simultaneously the chlorine and/or chlorine compound are removed to produce a dried fuel. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for treating chlorine-containing organic waste, and more particularly, chlorine-containing organic waste is obtained by crushing, dehydrating, drying and desalting the chlorine-containing organic waste without heating. The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for treating chlorine-containing organic waste that can be easily and inexpensively made into fuel, and that can be effectively used as fuel for cement firing facilities and the like.

Conventionally, in rotary kilns for cement burning facilities, combustible waste such as waste tires and waste plastics, which are a kind of organic waste, is used as a substitute for part of the fuel.
Recently, a method of incineration by directly putting organic waste that can be finally burned but contains a lot of water into a rotary kiln is also performed.
For example, a method has been proposed in which organic water-containing sludge such as sewage sludge is directly introduced into the kiln bottom of a rotary kiln or calcining furnace without pretreatment such as drying and additive addition, and incinerated. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).
In general, most of the organic water-containing sludge is occupied by moisture and organic matter, so that only a small amount of ash is produced as a residue by incineration. Therefore, even when organic water-containing sludge is directly fed into the rotary kiln, the organic water-containing sludge does not affect the components of the cement clinker and can be incinerated in the rotary kiln.

On the other hand, instead of organic water-containing sludge, attempts have been made to carbonize organic water-containing waste that has a high water content but contains more organic components, and to effectively use the resulting carbide. An example of this organic water-containing waste is chicken dung having a high calorific value, and the organic components of this chicken dung are carbonized and effectively used as a carbide.
For example, a livestock excrement such as chicken dung was provided with a hot-blast furnace equipped with a steam pipe and a combustion chamber, a multistage dry carbonization furnace, and a circulation system for circulating the generated high-temperature steam disposed therebetween. There has been proposed a method of introducing carbide and ash from livestock droppings such as chicken droppings while circulating high-temperature steam in this device (see Patent Document 2).
Since the carbide obtained by these methods is a combustible material, it can be reused as fuel or the like. This carbide can be used, for example, as an auxiliary fuel in a cement firing facility.
JP 2002-52397 A JP 2004-330092 A

  By the way, in the method of introducing the above-mentioned conventional organic water-containing sludge directly into the rotary kiln and incineration, the raw material temperature in the kiln bottom portion of the rotary kiln generated due to the evaporation of water in the water-containing sludge, suspension preheater and temporary Cement of cement firing equipment due to a decrease in sensible heat of the raw material heated and decarboxylated in the furnace, or a decrease in the temperature of the zone where the cement raw material is sintered in a clinker shape (kiln firing zone) There was a problem that the clinker firing ability was extremely lowered. Furthermore, since the calorific value for calcining and the amount of electric power used per unit clinker are increased, there is a possibility that economical operation becomes impossible.

On the other hand, in the method of producing carbide from livestock droppings such as chicken droppings using the conventional high-temperature steam described above, chicken droppings usually contain about 50 to 70% moisture and about 5000 to 10000 ppm chlorine. In order to carbonize this chicken manure, it is necessary to heat it to 400 ° C. or higher, and for this heating, superheated steam of 450 ° C. or higher is required, but in order to obtain such high-temperature superheated steam sufficiently, It was necessary to increase the capacity of the heat exchanger for exchanging heat with the exhaust gas from the hot stove, resulting in problems such as excessive equipment.
Furthermore, the chlorine content contained in the original chicken manure is hardly dissipated to the outside during the carbonization process, and remains in a large amount in a concentrated state inside. Therefore, the carbide obtained by carbonizing the chicken manure may leave a problem in the quality as a fuel.

  The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, and by easily crushing, dehydrating, drying, and desalting the chlorine-containing organic waste without heating, the chlorine-containing organic waste can be easily and It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus for treating chlorine-containing organic waste that can be made into fuel at low cost and that can be used effectively as fuel for cement burning facilities and the like.

  As a result of intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have applied the impact force due to high-speed rotation to chlorine-containing organic waste such as chicken manure, thereby crushing and dehydrating this chlorine-containing organic waste. If chlorine and / or chlorine compounds are removed simultaneously with drying, the obtained organic waste for fuel can be used effectively as a fuel for cement burning equipment, and the residue after combustion can be used as a raw material for cement clinker. In addition, the present inventors have found that there is no possibility of adversely affecting the operation of cement firing equipment and cement quality, and have completed the present invention.

  That is, the chlorine-containing organic waste treatment method of the present invention is a treatment method for converting the chlorine-containing organic waste into fuel, and by loading the chlorine-containing organic waste with an impact force due to high-speed rotation, A process of crushing, dehydrating and drying the chlorine-containing organic waste and at the same time removing chlorine and / or chlorine compounds from the chlorine-containing organic waste to produce organic waste for fuel. It is characterized by.

In this method for treating chlorine-containing organic waste, the chlorine-containing organic waste is subjected to impact by high-speed rotation so that the chlorine-containing organic waste is pulverized, dehydrated and dried, and at the same time chlorine and / or chlorine compounds are removed. Remove. Thereby, the obtained organic waste for fuel becomes a biomass fuel with a low content of chlorine and / or chlorine compounds.
In addition, since the calorific value of the organic waste for fuel can be used as thermal energy, if the organic waste for fuel is introduced into the cement firing facility, the calorific value of the organic waste for fuel is It is effectively used as thermal energy for the process, and the evaporation of moisture and the generation of chlorine and / or chlorine compounds are reduced, eliminating the risk of lowering the temperature and lowering the firing ability in the cement firing process, and operating the cement firing equipment. And the risk of adversely affecting cement quality.

The method for treating chlorine-containing organic waste according to the present invention is characterized in that the water content of the organic waste for fuel is 30% by weight or less.
In this chlorine-containing organic waste treatment method, by setting the water content of the organic waste for fuel to 30% by weight or less, there is no possibility of a decrease in temperature or a decrease in firing ability in the cement firing step, and cement firing equipment. There is no risk of adversely affecting the operation.

The method for treating a chlorine-containing organic waste according to the present invention is characterized by including a washing / dehydrating step for washing and dehydrating the chlorine-containing organic waste before the pulverization / dehydration drying step.
In this method for treating chlorine-containing organic waste, a part of chlorine and / or chlorine compounds contained in the chlorine-containing organic waste is removed by washing and dehydrating the chlorine-containing organic waste in advance. It becomes chlorine-containing organic waste with a low content of chlorine compounds. Thereby, the obtained organic waste for fuel becomes a biomass fuel having a smaller content of chlorine and / or chlorine compounds.

The method for treating chlorine-containing organic waste according to the present invention is characterized by comprising a granulation step for granulating the organic waste for fuel after the pulverization / dehydration drying step.
In this chlorine-containing organic waste treatment method, the obtained organic waste for fuel is granulated to facilitate handling and transportation.

  The treatment apparatus for chlorine-containing organic waste according to the present invention is a treatment apparatus for converting chlorine-containing organic waste into fuel, and simultaneously pulverizing, dewatering and drying the chlorine-containing organic waste by impact force caused by high-speed rotation. And pulverizing / dehydrating and drying means for removing chlorine and / or chlorine compounds from the chlorine-containing organic waste to produce organic waste for fuel.

In this chlorine-containing organic waste treatment apparatus, impact force by high-speed rotation is applied to the chlorine-containing organic waste by pulverization / dehydration drying means, and at the same time, this chlorine-containing organic waste is pulverized, dehydrated and dried. Chlorine and / or chlorine compounds are removed from the chlorine-containing organic waste to produce organic waste for fuel.
As a result, it is possible to efficiently and inexpensively obtain organic waste for fuel having a low content of chlorine and / or chlorine compounds and a low water content.

The chlorine-containing organic waste treatment apparatus of the present invention is characterized in that a cleaning / dehydrating means for cleaning and dehydrating the chlorine-containing organic waste is provided in the preceding stage of the pulverizing / dehydrating / drying means.
In this chlorine-containing organic waste treatment apparatus, chlorine and / or a part of the chlorine compound contained in the chlorine-containing organic waste is removed by washing and dehydrating the chlorine-containing organic waste in advance. It becomes chlorine-containing organic waste with a low content of chlorine compounds. This makes it possible to easily and inexpensively obtain a biomass fuel having a smaller content of chlorine and / or chlorine compounds.

The chlorine-containing organic waste treatment apparatus of the present invention is characterized in that a granulating means for granulating the fuel organic waste is provided after the pulverization / dehydration drying means.
In this chlorine-containing organic waste treatment apparatus, biomass fuel that is easy to handle and transport can be easily obtained by granulating the obtained organic waste for fuel.

  According to the method for treating chlorine-containing organic waste of the present invention, the chlorine-containing organic waste is subjected to impact by high-speed rotation, whereby the chlorine-containing organic waste is pulverized, dehydrated and dried at the same time. Since chlorine and / or chlorine compounds are removed from the contained organic waste, a biomass fuel with a low content of chlorine and / or chlorine compounds can be obtained easily and inexpensively.

  Moreover, since the calorific value possessed by the organic waste for fuel can be effectively used as thermal energy, if this organic waste for fuel is introduced into a cement firing facility, evaporation of water and chlorine and / or chlorine compounds Is less likely to cause a decrease in temperature or a decrease in firing ability in the cement firing process, and there is no possibility of adversely affecting the operation of the cement firing facility or cement quality.

According to the chlorine-containing organic waste treatment apparatus of the present invention, the chlorine-containing organic waste is simultaneously pulverized, dehydrated and dried by an impact force caused by high-speed rotation, and chlorine and / or chlorine is removed from the chlorine-containing organic waste. Equipped with pulverization / dehydration drying means to remove organic compounds into organic waste for fuels, so that organic waste for fuels with low chlorine and / or chlorine content and low water content can be produced efficiently and inexpensively. be able to.
In addition, since it is not necessary to use thermal energy for drying the chlorine-containing organic waste, it is not necessary to provide a separate heat source, and energy saving can be achieved.

The best mode of the method and apparatus for treating chlorine-containing organic waste of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
The present embodiment is specifically described for better understanding of the gist of the invention, and does not limit the invention unless otherwise specified.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a chlorine-containing organic waste treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. A pulverization / dehydration drying apparatus having a high-speed rotational pulverization function after cleaning and dewatering chlorine-containing organic waste. Without using a heat source to be heated, for example, by performing desalting treatment simultaneously with pulverization, dehydration and drying by impact force by high-speed rotation in a temperature range of room temperature (25 ° C.) to 100 ° C. It is an example of the apparatus which obtains the dry fuel which is a biomass fuel with little chlorine content which can be used as a fuel of a cement baking equipment.

  In the figure, 1 is a washing mixing tank for washing chlorine-containing organic waste with washing water, and eluting chlorine and / or chlorine compounds contained in the chlorine-containing organic waste, and 2 is elution of chlorine and / or chlorine compounds. This is a dehydrator that removes the moisture in the organic waste for fuel removed by squeezing by dehydration to make low-chlorine organic waste. By these washing and mixing tank 1 and dehydrator 2, A cleaning / dehydrating device (cleaning / dehydrating means) is configured to remove 50% or more and make low chlorine organic waste.

  3 is a silo for storing cleaned and dehydrated low-chlorine organic waste, 4 is a quantitative feeder for pulverizing and dehydrating low-chlorine organic waste, 5 is a transport device, and 6 is low due to impact force caused by high-speed rotation. Simultaneously pulverizing, dehydrating and drying chlorinated organic waste, and further removing chlorine and / or chlorine compounds from this low chlorinated organic waste to produce dry fuel (organic waste for fuel) Dehydration and drying means) 7 is a granulating apparatus (granulating means) for granulating the dry fuel.

The high-speed rotary pulverizer 6 impact-pulverizes low chlorine organic waste, which is a material to be treated, with a spinning chain (or spinning bar) that rotates at a high speed of, for example, a maximum speed of 640 km / hour, usually 350 km / hour or more. From the pulverization part 11, the classification part 12 which classifies the pulverized low chlorine organic waste into coarse particles and fine particles, and returns the coarse particles to the pulverization part 11 again, and the collection part 13 that collects the classified fine particles It is configured.
The granulating device 7 is a device for converting the particulate low chlorine organic waste into a granular low chlorine organic waste or pellet-shaped low chlorine organic waste having a desired particle size. For example, a compression molding method is applied. A briquetting roll machine or the like is preferably used as the apparatus.

Next, a method for converting chlorine-containing organic waste into fuel using this processing apparatus will be described.
The chlorine-containing organic waste is not particularly limited as long as it can be crushed, dehydrated, dried and desalted by this processing apparatus. For example, livestock feces such as chicken feces having a relatively high chlorine concentration are suitable. It is. In addition to livestock dung, organic wastes with particularly high chlorine concentrations include food residues, dehydrated sludge using iron chloride as a flocculant, wood waste (high chlorine concentration), and fiber waste containing waste (waste) Diapers).

Here, first, a chlorine-containing organic waste and a predetermined amount of washing water are put into the washing and mixing tank 1 and stirred for a predetermined time. The amount of washing water input is preferably 2 to 10 times the amount of chlorine-containing organic waste.
During this stirring, the chlorine-containing organic waste is washed with washing water, and chlorine and / or chlorine compounds contained in the chlorine-containing organic waste are eluted into the washing water. Thereby, a chlorine containing organic waste turns into a desalination organic waste with a low chlorine concentration.

The desalted organic waste having a low chlorine concentration is squeezed and dehydrated by the dehydrator 2 to become a dehydrated desalted organic waste having a water content of 70% or less. The content of chlorine and / or chlorine compounds contained in this dehydrated and desalted organic waste is the same as that before washing, although chlorine and / or chlorine compounds contained in the contained water remaining in the chlorine-containing organic waste after washing remain. It is possible to reduce it to 30% or less. The washing water discharged from the dehydrator 2 is recycled and used as washing water again.
The dehydrated and desalted organic waste is temporarily stored in the silo 3 and then supplied to the high-speed rotary pulverizer 6 via the quantitative feeder 4 and the transport device 5.

The dehydrated and desalted organic waste supplied to the high-speed rotary pulverizer 6 is repeatedly pulverized between the spinning chain and the impact plate by the high-speed impact force applied by the spinning chain (or spinning bar) rotating at high speed. At the same time, it dries by the scattering of the inherent moisture.
In this pulverization process, the dehydrated and desalted organic waste is pulverized to an average particle size of 200 to 400 μm, and moisture contained in the dehydrated and desalted organic waste is scattered. Since the moisture contains chlorine and / or chlorine compounds, chlorine and / or chlorine compounds are removed from the dehydrated and desalted organic waste as the moisture is scattered from the dehydrated and desalted organic waste.
The scattered water is discharged to the outside by the exhaust gas extracted from the gas circulating inside the high-speed rotary pulverizer 6 and discharged.

In the high-speed rotary pulverizer 6, the dehydrated and desalted organic waste is transported to the collection unit 13 by the circulating gas circulating through the pulverization unit 11, the classification unit 12, and the collection unit 13, and circulates in the collection unit 13. It is separated and collected from the gas and supplied as dry fuel to cement burning equipment.
If the exhaust gas contains odorous components, etc., floating fine particles (splash) are collected with a scrubber, etc., merged with the washing water, and then partly subjected to predetermined water treatment and discharged. In addition, the exhaust gas after collecting the fine particles may be subjected to a predetermined deodorization treatment and released to the outside, or may be directly used as combustion air in a cement burning facility or the like.

  Since the dry fuel thus obtained has a small volume, it is preferable that the dried fuel is granulated to a predetermined particle size by using the granulating device 7 to be granular or pelletized when transported. .

  As described above, according to the method for treating chlorine-containing organic waste of the present embodiment, the moisture content can be easily reduced to 30% or less without requiring a heat source for drying, and chlorine and / or Alternatively, it is possible to obtain biomass fuel such as dried chicken manure that hardly contains chlorine compounds. Therefore, the chlorine-containing organic waste can be effectively used as a dry biomass fuel with a low chlorine component content.

  In addition, according to the chlorine-containing organic waste treatment apparatus of this embodiment, after the chlorine-containing organic waste is washed and dehydrated, the low-chlorine organic waste is simultaneously pulverized, dehydrated and dried by the impact force of high-speed rotation. At the same time, by further removing chlorine and / or chlorine compounds from the low chlorine organic waste, it is possible to easily and inexpensively produce a biomass fuel such as dried chicken manure having a very low chlorine content.

In addition, since it is not necessary to use thermal energy for drying the chlorine-containing organic waste, it is not necessary to provide a separate heat source, and energy saving can be achieved.
In addition, by putting the obtained biomass fuel such as dried chicken manure into cement burning equipment, it can be used effectively as an auxiliary fuel for cement burning equipment, and the residue after combustion should be used effectively as a raw material for cement clinker Can do.

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example and a comparative example demonstrate this invention concretely, this invention is not limited by these Examples.
Here, chicken manure obtained from meat chicken was used as the chlorine-containing organic waste.
The chicken manure was a massive particle having a maximum particle size of 20 mm.
In addition, component analysis and calorific value measurement of the chicken manure were performed according to the following test methods.

1. Industrial analysis An analysis was performed in accordance with Japanese Industrial Standard JIS M 8812 "Coal and Coke-Industrial Analysis".
The analysis results are as follows.
Moisture: 26.3% Ash content: 13.5% Volatile content: 51% Fixed carbon: 8.4% Chlorine: 6500ppm

2. Elemental analysis The analysis was performed in accordance with Japanese Industrial Standard JIS M 8813 "Coal and Coke-Elemental Analysis Method".
The analysis results are as follows.
Carbon: 44.3% Hydrogen: 5.0% Nitrogen: 4.2% Oxygen: 32.2%

3. Calorific value The calorific value was measured in accordance with Japanese Industrial Standard JIS M 8814 “Coal and cokes—a method for measuring the total calorific value with a bomb calorimeter and a method for calculating the true calorific value”.
Total calorific value (dry basis): 4090 Kcal / kg
True calorific value (wet base): 2590 Kcal / kg

"Example 1"
Chicken manure was directly put into a high-speed rotary pulverizer, and pulverized and dehydrated.
Here, KDS Micronex model KDS250-S6 (First American Scientific Corporation) was used as a high-speed rotary pulverizer. The input amount was 650 kg / hour.

"Example 2"
The chicken manure is immersed in 3 times the weight of water and allowed to stand for 1 hour, and then pressure dewatered until the retained moisture is about 60%, and the pre-dechlorinated chicken manure obtained is used in the high-speed rotary crusher of Example 1 And then pulverized and dehydrated.
The input amount to the high-speed rotary pulverizer was 600 kg / hour.

"Comparative example"
The chicken dung was dried at 110 ° C. for 30 minutes using a dryer to obtain dried chicken dung in which most of the retained water was evaporated.
Table 1 shows the properties of the dried chicken manure obtained in Examples 1 and 2 and the Comparative Example.

According to Table 1, it was found that the dried chicken manure of Examples 1 and 2 had an increased calorific value, a decreased chlorine content, a small average particle size, and therefore good combustibility as a fuel. Moreover, it has been confirmed that the chlorine content is inferior to other fuels and can reduce the influence on the operation of cement burning facilities and the like.
In particular, in Example 2, the chlorine content was equivalent to that of powdered coal and the like, and its effectiveness as a fuel was confirmed.
On the other hand, the dry chicken manure of the comparative example has concentrated chlorine compounds, and since the average particle size is large, the flammability is not improved, and when used as a fuel for cement burning facilities etc., the operation is adversely affected. It turns out that there is a risk.

It is a schematic diagram which shows the processing apparatus of the chlorine containing organic waste of one Embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Washing and mixing tank 2 Dehydrator 3 Silo 4 Fixed feeder 5 Transporter 6 High-speed rotary crusher 7 Granulator 11 Crushing part 12 Classifying part 13 Collection part

Claims (7)

A processing method for converting chlorine-containing organic waste into fuel,
By loading the chlorine-containing organic waste with an impact force caused by high-speed rotation, the chlorine-containing organic waste is pulverized, dehydrated and dried, and at the same time, chlorine and / or chlorine compounds are removed from the chlorine-containing organic waste. A method for treating chlorine-containing organic waste, comprising a pulverization / dehydration drying step for producing organic waste for fuel.   The method for treating chlorine-containing organic waste according to claim 1, wherein the moisture content of the organic waste for fuel is 30% by weight or less.   3. The method for treating chlorine-containing organic waste according to claim 1, further comprising a washing / dehydrating step for washing and dehydrating the chlorine-containing organic waste before the pulverization / dehydration drying step.   4. The method for treating chlorine-containing organic waste according to claim 1, further comprising a granulating step for granulating the organic waste for fuel after the pulverizing / dehydrating drying step. A processing device for converting chlorine-containing organic waste into fuel,
The chlorine-containing organic waste is simultaneously pulverized, dehydrated and dried by the impact force generated by high-speed rotation, and pulverized, dehydrated and dried to remove chlorine and / or chlorine compounds from the chlorine-containing organic waste to produce organic waste for fuel. An apparatus for treating chlorine-containing organic waste, characterized by comprising means.   6. The chlorine-containing organic waste treatment apparatus according to claim 5, wherein cleaning / dehydrating means for cleaning and dehydrating the chlorine-containing organic waste is provided upstream of the pulverizing / dehydrating / drying means.   The chlorine-containing organic waste treatment apparatus according to claim 5 or 6, wherein a granulating means for granulating the organic waste for fuel is provided after the pulverizing / dehydrating and drying means.

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