JP2008066640A - トンネル型磁気検出素子およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
トンネル型磁気検出素子およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 293
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 137
- 229910003077 Ti−O Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 5
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910019092 Mg-O Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910019395 Mg—O Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910003321 CoFe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001030 Iron–nickel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 55
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 512
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 92
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 34
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 34
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 34
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 21
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 230000005290 antiferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910018516 Al—O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000005293 ferrimagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002885 antiferromagnetic material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910019233 CoFeNi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910020707 Co—Pt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 101000993059 Homo sapiens Hereditary hemochromatosis protein Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910000914 Mn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DTJAVSFDAWLDHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cr].[Co].[Pt] Chemical compound [Cr].[Co].[Pt] DTJAVSFDAWLDHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005316 antiferromagnetic exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUBSQCSIIDQXLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt platinum Chemical compound [Co].[Pt].[Pt].[Pt] GUBSQCSIIDQXLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003302 ferromagnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009812 interlayer coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052743 krypton Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009751 slip forming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
【解決手段】 固定磁性層4と絶縁障壁層5との間にPt層10が形成されている。前記Pt層10を前記固定磁性層4と前記絶縁障壁層5との間に介在させると、前記絶縁障壁層5の障壁高さ(ポテンシャル高さ)や障壁幅(ポテンシャル幅)に変化が生じると考えられ、これにより、VCRの絶対値を小さくできる。よって従来に比べて、作動安定性を向上できる。また、前記絶縁障壁層5の下界面(形成面)の平坦化性を適切に向上でき、これにより、低RAを維持しつつ従来に比べて高い抵抗変化率(ΔR/R)を得ることが可能になる。
【選択図】図1
Description
前記絶縁障壁層は、Ti−Oで形成され、
前記フリー磁性層は、軟磁性層と、前記軟磁性層と前記絶縁障壁層間に設けられたエンハンス層とを有して構成され、
前記絶縁障壁層と第1磁性層間、前記絶縁障壁層と前記第2磁性層間、あるいは前記軟磁性層と前記エンハンス層間の少なくとも一箇所にPt層が介在していることを特徴とするものである。
(a) 前記第1磁性層を形成する工程、
(b) 前記第1磁性層上にTi−Oから成る前記絶縁障壁層を形成する工程、
(c) 前記絶縁障壁層上に、前記第2磁性層を形成する工程、
を有し、
さらに以下の(d)工程を有することを特徴とするものである。
(d) 前記第1磁性層と絶縁障壁層との間、前記絶縁障壁層と前記第2磁性層との間、あるいは、前記軟磁性層とエンハンス層間の少なくとも一箇所にPt層を介在させる工程。
図1に示すように本実施形態では前記固定磁性層4と前記絶縁障壁層5との間にPt層10が形成されている。前記Pt層10を前記固定磁性層4と前記絶縁障壁層5との間に介在させると、前記絶縁障壁層5の障壁高さ(ポテンシャル高さ)や障壁幅(ポテンシャル幅)に変化が生じると考えられ、これにより、VCR(Voltage Coefficience of Resistivity)の絶対値を小さくできる。
前記プラズマ処理を行った後に、前記第2固定磁性層4c上にPt層10をスパッタ法等で成膜する。このとき前記Pt層10を0Åよりも大きく4Å以下の膜厚、より好ましくは0.4Å以上2Å以下の膜厚で形成する。このように非常に薄い膜厚で前記Pt層10を成膜するので、Pt層10を成膜した後に、前記Pt層10表面に対してプラズマ処理を行うと、前記Pt層10の大部分が除去されてしまい、前記Pt層10を設けたことの効果、すなわちVCRの絶対値を低減でき、高い抵抗変化率(ΔR/R)を得られる効果を適切に発揮させることが出来なくなる。前記プラズマ処理は、前記第2固定磁性層4cの表面の平坦性を向上させるために必要な工程であり、プラズマ処理のみならず、さらに前記第2固定磁性層4cの表面に非常に薄いPt層10を成膜することで、次工程で形成される絶縁障壁層5の下界面の平坦性をより効果的に向上させている。
図1に示すトンネル型磁気検出素子を形成した。実験では比較例1、実施例1〜4及び参考例の合計6個の試料を作製した。
また、上記基本膜構成に対して、240〜300℃の範囲で、4時間の熱処理を施した。
また、上記基本膜構成に対して、240〜300℃の範囲で、4時間の熱処理を施した。
図1に示すトンネル型磁気検出素子を形成した。基本膜構成を、下から順に、下地層1;Ta(30)/シード層2;NiFeCr(50)/反強磁性層3;IrMn(70)/固定磁性層4[第1固定磁性層4a;Co70at%Fe30at%(14)/非磁性中間層4b;Ru(9.1)/第2固定磁性層4c;Co90at%Fe10at%(18)]/Pt層10/絶縁障壁層5:Ti−O/フリー磁性層8[エンハンス層6;Co10at%Fe90at%(10)/軟磁性層7;Ni86at%Fe14at%(50)]/保護層[Ru(10)/Ta(280)]とした。なお括弧内の数値は平均膜厚を示し単位はÅである。
また、上記基本膜構成に対して、240〜300℃の範囲で、4時間の熱処理を施した。
また、上記基本膜構成に対して、240〜300℃の範囲で、4時間の熱処理を施した。
4 固定磁性層
4a 第1固定磁性層
4b 非磁性中間層
4c 第2固定磁性層
5 絶縁障壁層
6 エンハンス層
7 軟磁性層
8 フリー磁性層
9 保護層
10 Pt層
15 金属層
21 下部シールド層
22,24 絶縁層
23 ハードバイアス層
26 上部シールド層
Claims (13)
- 下から第1磁性層、絶縁障壁層、第2磁性層の順で積層され、前記第1磁性層及び第2磁性層のうち一方が、磁化方向が固定される固定磁性層で、他方が外部磁界により磁化方向が変動するフリー磁性層であり、
前記絶縁障壁層は、Ti−Oで形成され、
前記フリー磁性層は、軟磁性層と、前記軟磁性層と前記絶縁障壁層間に設けられたエンハンス層とを有して構成され、
前記絶縁障壁層と第1磁性層間、前記絶縁障壁層と前記第2磁性層間、あるいは前記軟磁性層と前記エンハンス層間の少なくとも一箇所にPt層が介在していることを特徴とするトンネル型磁気検出素子。 - 前記Pt層は少なくとも、前記絶縁障壁層と前記第1磁性層間に介在している請求項1記載のトンネル型磁気検出素子。
- 前記Pt層の膜厚は0Åよりも大きく4Å以下である請求項1又は2に記載のトンネル型磁気検出素子。
- 前記Pt層の膜厚は0.4Å以上2Å以下である請求項3記載のトンネル型磁気検出素子。
- 前記絶縁障壁層はTi−Oに代えて、Ti−Mg−Oで形成される請求項1ないし4のいずれかに記載のトンネル型磁気検出素子。
- 前記Pt層と前記Pt層を介して対向する上下層との界面では構成元素の相互拡散が生じ、Pt濃度が前記Pt層内から前記上下層の内部方向に向けて徐々に減少する濃度勾配が形成される請求項1ないし5のいずれかに記載のトンネル型磁気検出素子。
- 前記第1磁性層が前記固定磁性層であり、前記第2磁性層がフリー磁性層である請求項1ないし6のいずれかに記載のトンネル型磁気検出素子。
- 前記エンハンス層はCoFe合金で形成され、前記軟磁性層はNiFe合金で形成される請求項1ないし7のいずれかに記載のトンネル型磁気検出素子。
- 下から第1磁性層、絶縁障壁層、第2磁性層の順で積層し、前記第1磁性層及び第2磁性層のうち一方が、磁化方向が固定される固定磁性層で、他方が外部磁界により磁化方向が変動するフリー磁性層であり、前記フリー磁性層を、軟磁性層と、前記軟磁性層と前記絶縁障壁層間に設けられるエンハンス層とを有して構成するトンネル型磁気検出素子の製造方法において、
(a) 前記第1磁性層を形成する工程、
(b) 前記第1磁性層上にTi−Oから成る前記絶縁障壁層を形成する工程、
(c) 前記絶縁障壁層上に、前記第2磁性層を形成する工程、
を有し、
さらに以下の(d)工程を有することを特徴とするトンネル型磁気検出素子の製造方法。
(d) 前記第1磁性層と絶縁障壁層との間、前記絶縁障壁層と前記第2磁性層との間、あるいは、前記軟磁性層とエンハンス層間の少なくとも一箇所にPt層を介在させる工程。 - 前記(a)工程と前記(b)工程の間に、前記第1磁性層の表面をプラズマ処理する工程を含み、前記第1磁性層と前記絶縁障壁層との間に前記Pt層を介在させるとき、前記(d)工程を前記プラズマ処理後に行う請求項9記載のトンネル型磁気検出素子の製造方法。
- 前記Pt層を、0Åよりも大きく4Å以下の膜厚で形成する請求項9又は10に記載のトンネル型磁気検出素子の製造方法。
- 前記Pt層を、0.4Å以上2Å以下の膜厚で形成する請求項11記載のトンネル型磁気検出素子の製造方法。
- 前記(b)工程で、前記絶縁障壁層をTi−Oに代えて、Ti−Mg−Oで形成する請求項9ないし12のいずれかに記載のトンネル型磁気検出素子の製造方法。
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