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JP2008022625A - AC-DC converter - Google Patents

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JP2008022625A
JP2008022625A JP2006191881A JP2006191881A JP2008022625A JP 2008022625 A JP2008022625 A JP 2008022625A JP 2006191881 A JP2006191881 A JP 2006191881A JP 2006191881 A JP2006191881 A JP 2006191881A JP 2008022625 A JP2008022625 A JP 2008022625A
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capacitor
circuit
full
voltage
wave rectifier
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Makoto Tanitsu
誠 谷津
Kazuo Kuroki
一男 黒木
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Fuji Electric Co Ltd
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Fuji Electric Systems Co Ltd
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Abstract

【課題】単相交流電源とダイオードで構成された全波整流回路とリアクトルと、コンデンサ直列回路と、双方向スイッチと、負荷が、接続された構成において、双方向スイッチをスイッチングさせることにより、交流入力電流を高力率化する場合、直列接続されたコンデンサの電圧が半サイクル期間内で不均衡になる課題がある。
【解決手段】単相交流電源とダイオードで構成された全波整流回路の一方の交流入力との間にリアクトルが、全波整流回路の直流出力間にコンデンサ直列回路が、コンデンサ直列回路の内部接続点と全波整流回路の各交流入力との間に双方向スイッチ１０、１１が、コンデンサ直列回路と並列に負荷１４が、各々接続された構成において、直列接続されたコンデンサ１２とコンデンサ１３の電圧を電圧を検出して、この電圧が均等になるように、双方向スイッチ１０および１１を高周波でオン・オフ制御する。
【選択図】図１In a configuration in which a full-wave rectifier circuit, a reactor, a capacitor series circuit, a bidirectional switch, and a load composed of a single-phase AC power source and a diode are connected, the bidirectional switch is switched to switch the alternating current. When the input current is increased in power factor, there is a problem that the voltage of capacitors connected in series becomes unbalanced within a half cycle period.
SOLUTION: A reactor is connected between a single-phase AC power supply and one AC input of a full-wave rectifier circuit composed of a diode, a capacitor series circuit is connected between DC outputs of the full-wave rectifier circuit, and an internal connection of the capacitor series circuit. In the configuration in which the bidirectional switches 10 and 11 are connected between the point and each AC input of the full-wave rectifier circuit, and the load 14 is connected in parallel with the capacitor series circuit, the voltages of the capacitors 12 and 13 connected in series are connected. The bidirectional switches 10 and 11 are on / off controlled at a high frequency so that the voltages are equalized.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

本発明は、交流入力電流を高力率化しつつ、単相交流電源から全波整流電圧のピーク電圧よりも高い直流電圧を作り出す交流−直流変換回路に関し、特に全波整流回路の直流端子間にコンデンサ直列回路を接続した場合の各コンデンサ電圧をバランスさせることのできる変換回路に関する。   The present invention relates to an AC-DC converter circuit that generates a DC voltage higher than the peak voltage of a full-wave rectified voltage from a single-phase AC power supply while increasing the AC input current with a high power factor, and in particular, between the DC terminals of the full-wave rectifier circuit. The present invention relates to a conversion circuit capable of balancing each capacitor voltage when a capacitor series circuit is connected.

図６に、従来の技術を用いた交流−直流変換回路の回路構成を示す。単相交流電源１とダイオード６〜９で構成された全波整流回路の一方の交流入力との間にリアクトル４が、全波整流回路の直流出力間にコンデンサ１２とコンデンサ１３からなるコンデンサ直列回路が、コンデンサ直列回路の内部接続点と全波整流回路の他方の交流入力との間に双方向スイッチ１１が、コンデンサ直列回路と並列に負荷１４が、各々接続された構成である。このような構成において、双方向スイッチ１１を交流電源の半サイクルに1回スイッチングさせることにより、交流入力電流を高力率化するものである。双方向スイッチ１１がない場合には、コンデンサ１２と１３の直列回路の電圧を交流電源１の電圧が越えた期間だけ電源から電流が流れるいわゆるコンデンサインプット形の構成であるが、力率が低いことは周知である。これを改善するために、双方向スイッチ１１を交流電源の半サイクルに1回オンさせることにより、双方向スイッチ１１がない場合に比べて交流電源から流れる電流の期間が長くなり、入力力率が高くなる。即ち、双方向スイッチ１１がオフの場合、交流電源１の電圧極性が正の期間でこの電圧が直流電圧（コンデンサ直列回路の電圧）よりも高い期間だけ、交流電源１→リアクトル４→ダイオード６→コンデンサ１２→コンデンサ１３→ダイオード９→交流電源１の経路で交流電流が流れるが、双方向スイッチ１１をオンさせると交流電源１の電圧がコンデンサ１２の電圧を越えた期間に、交流電源１→リアクトル４→ダイオード６→コンデンサ１２→双方向スイッチ１１→交流電源１の経路で交流電流が流れ、コンデンサ１２が充電されると同時にリアクトル４にエネルギーが蓄積される。従って、交流電源１の電圧が低い期間でも電流が流れることになり、電流の流れる期間が長くなり、力率が高くなる。ここで、双方向スイッチ１１をオンさせる期間を調整することにより直流電圧を制御することができる。交流電源１の極性が負の場合、双方向スイッチ１１がオフの時は交流電源１→ダイオード８→コンデンサ１２→コンデンサ１３→ダイオード７→リアクトル４→交流電源１の経路で、交流スイッチがオンの時は交流電源１→双方向スイッチ１１→コンデンサ１３→ダイオード７→リアクトル４→交流電源１の経路で交流電流が流れる。尚、詳細は特許文献1に記載されている。
特開平１０−１７４４４２号公報 FIG. 6 shows a circuit configuration of an AC-DC conversion circuit using a conventional technique. Capacitor series circuit including a reactor 4 between a single-phase AC power supply 1 and one AC input of a full-wave rectifier circuit composed of diodes 6 to 9, and a capacitor 12 and a capacitor 13 between DC outputs of the full-wave rectifier circuit. However, the bidirectional switch 11 is connected between the internal connection point of the capacitor series circuit and the other AC input of the full-wave rectifier circuit, and the load 14 is connected in parallel with the capacitor series circuit. In such a configuration, the AC input current is increased in power factor by switching the bidirectional switch 11 once in a half cycle of the AC power supply. When the bidirectional switch 11 is not provided, a so-called capacitor input type configuration in which current flows from the power source only during the period when the voltage of the AC power source 1 exceeds the voltage of the series circuit of the capacitors 12 and 13, but the power factor is low. Is well known. In order to improve this, by turning on the bidirectional switch 11 once every half cycle of the AC power supply, the period of the current flowing from the AC power supply becomes longer than when the bidirectional switch 11 is not provided, and the input power factor is increased. Get higher. That is, when the bidirectional switch 11 is off, the AC power supply 1 → reactor 4 → diode 6 → only when the voltage polarity of the AC power supply 1 is positive and the voltage is higher than the DC voltage (voltage of the capacitor series circuit). An alternating current flows through the path of the capacitor 12 → the capacitor 13 → the diode 9 → the AC power supply 1. When the bidirectional switch 11 is turned on, the AC power supply 1 → reactor is output during the period when the voltage of the AC power supply 1 exceeds the voltage of the capacitor 12. 4 → Diode 6 → Capacitor 12 → Bidirectional switch 11 → AC power source 1 flows through the path, and capacitor 12 is charged, and at the same time, energy is stored in reactor 4. Therefore, a current flows even when the voltage of the AC power supply 1 is low, the current flowing period becomes long, and the power factor increases. Here, the DC voltage can be controlled by adjusting the period during which the bidirectional switch 11 is turned on. When the polarity of the AC power supply 1 is negative and the bidirectional switch 11 is OFF, the AC switch is turned on in the path of AC power supply 1 → diode 8 → capacitor 12 → capacitor 13 → diode 7 → reactor 4 → AC power supply 1. At that time, an AC current flows through a path of AC power source 1 → bidirectional switch 11 → capacitor 13 → diode 7 → reactor 4 → AC power source 1. Details are described in Patent Document 1.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-174442

上述のように、直列接続された各コンデンサには双方向スイッチ１１がオンの時には一方のコンデンサが交流電源１からリアクトル４を介して充電され、リアクトル４にはエネルギーが蓄積される。双方向スイッチ１１がオフの時にはコンデンサ１２と１３の直列回路を交流電源１とリアクトル４の直列回路で充電し、この時リアクトルのエネルギーはコンデンサ１２と１３の直列回路に放電される。この構成においては、双方向スイッチをオンさせる期間が半サイクル毎に僅かに違う場合、あるいは各直列コンデンサ容量に差がある場合、あるいは負荷として各直列コンデンサから不均等に電力を消費する場合などには直列コンデンサの電圧が均等にならない問題が発生する。この対策として交流電源の半サイクル毎に双方向スイッチをオンさせる期間を調整することにより、平均的にはバランスさせることができるが、半サイクルの期間内では変動を抑制することができないという問題がある。   As described above, when the bidirectional switch 11 is turned on for each capacitor connected in series, one capacitor is charged from the AC power supply 1 via the reactor 4, and energy is stored in the reactor 4. When the bidirectional switch 11 is OFF, the series circuit of the capacitors 12 and 13 is charged by the series circuit of the AC power supply 1 and the reactor 4, and at this time, the reactor energy is discharged to the series circuit of the capacitors 12 and 13. In this configuration, when the period for which the bidirectional switch is turned on is slightly different every half cycle, when there is a difference in the capacity of each series capacitor, or when power is unequally consumed from each series capacitor as a load, etc. Causes a problem that the voltage of the series capacitor is not uniform. As a countermeasure, it is possible to balance on average by adjusting the period during which the bidirectional switch is turned on every half cycle of the AC power supply, but there is a problem that fluctuation cannot be suppressed within the half cycle period. is there.

上述の課題を解決するために、第1の発明においては単相交流電源と全波整流回路の交流入力端子のいずれか一方または両方との間にリアクトルを、前記全波整流回路の直流出力端子間に第1のコンデンサ直列回路を、前記第1のコンデンサ直列回路の内部接続点と前記全波整流回路の交流入力端子各々との間に双方向スイッチを、各々接続する。
第２の発明においては、単相交流電源と並列に第2のコンデンサ直列回路を、前記交流電源と全波整流回路の交流入力端子との間に各々リアクトルを、前記全波整流回路の直流出力端子間に第１のコンデンサ直列回路を、前記第1のコンデンサ直列回路の内部接続点と前記全波整流回路の交流入力端子各々との間に双方向スイッチを、前記第1のコンデンサ直列回路の内部接続点に前記第2のコンデンサ直列回路の内部接続点を、各々接続する。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, in the first invention, a reactor is provided between a single-phase AC power supply and one or both of AC input terminals of the full-wave rectifier circuit, and a DC output terminal of the full-wave rectifier circuit. A bidirectional capacitor is connected between the first capacitor series circuit and the internal connection point of the first capacitor series circuit and the AC input terminals of the full-wave rectifier circuit.
In the second invention, a second capacitor series circuit is connected in parallel with the single-phase AC power supply, a reactor is provided between the AC power supply and the AC input terminal of the full-wave rectifier circuit, and a DC output of the full-wave rectifier circuit. A first capacitor series circuit between the terminals, a bidirectional switch between the internal connection point of the first capacitor series circuit and each AC input terminal of the full-wave rectifier circuit, and the first capacitor series circuit. The internal connection points of the second capacitor series circuit are respectively connected to the internal connection points.

第３の発明においては、第1および第2の発明において、双方向スイッチは、前記直列接続された各コンデンサの電圧を検出し、各々の電圧が等しくなるようにオン・オフ制御する。
第４の発明においては、第１および第２の発明において、双方向スイッチをダイオードとスイッチング素子の組み合わせで構成する。 In a third invention, in the first and second inventions, the bidirectional switch detects the voltage of each of the capacitors connected in series, and performs on / off control so that each voltage becomes equal.
In a fourth invention, in the first and second inventions, the bidirectional switch is constituted by a combination of a diode and a switching element.

本発明では、単相交流電源と全波整流回路の交流入力端子のいずれか一方または両方との間にリアクトルを、前記全波整流回路の直流出力端子間に第1のコンデンサ直列回路を、前記第1のコンデンサ直列回路の内部接続点と前記全波整流回路の交流入力端子各々との間に双方向スイッチを、各々接続し、直列接続された各コンデンサの電圧を検出し、各々の電圧が等しくなるように、高周波スイッチングする双方向スイッチをオン・オフ制御しているため、交流入力電流を高力率化させつつ、半サイクル期間内で直列コンデンサ各々の電圧を均等化させることが可能となる。
この結果、直列コンデンサ各々に不均等な消費電力の負荷を個別に接続することが可能となり適用性が向上する。また、直列コンデンサの容量を低減することができ、装置の小型化と低価格化が可能となる。 In the present invention, a reactor is provided between one or both of the single-phase AC power supply and the AC input terminal of the full-wave rectifier circuit, and the first capacitor series circuit is provided between the DC output terminals of the full-wave rectifier circuit, A bidirectional switch is connected between the internal connection point of the first capacitor series circuit and each AC input terminal of the full-wave rectifier circuit, and the voltage of each capacitor connected in series is detected. Since the bidirectional switch that performs high-frequency switching is controlled so as to be equal, it is possible to equalize the voltage of each series capacitor within a half cycle period while increasing the AC input current to a high power factor. Become.
As a result, it is possible to individually connect non-uniform power consumption loads to each series capacitor, thereby improving applicability. In addition, the capacity of the series capacitor can be reduced, and the size and cost of the device can be reduced.

本発明の要点は、単相交流電源と全波整流回路の交流入力端子のいずれか一方または両方との間にリアクトルを、前記全波整流回路の直流出力端子間に第1のコンデンサ直列回路を、前記第1のコンデンサ直列回路の内部接続点と前記全波整流回路の交流入力端子各々との間に双方向スイッチを、各々接続し、直列接続された各コンデンサの電圧を検出し、各々の電圧が等しくなるように、高周波スイッチングする双方向スイッチをオン・オフ制御して、交流入力電流を高力率化させつつ、半サイクル期間内で直列コンデンサ各々の電圧を均等化させる点である。   The main point of the present invention is that a reactor is provided between the single-phase AC power supply and one or both of the AC input terminals of the full-wave rectifier circuit, and the first capacitor series circuit is provided between the DC output terminals of the full-wave rectifier circuit. A bidirectional switch connected between the internal connection point of the first capacitor series circuit and each of the AC input terminals of the full-wave rectifier circuit, and detects the voltage of each capacitor connected in series; The point is to equalize the voltage of each of the series capacitors within a half cycle period while controlling the on / off of the bidirectional switch that performs high-frequency switching so that the voltages are equal, while increasing the AC input current.

図１に、本発明の第1の実施例を示す。単相交流電源１とダイオード６〜９で構成された全波整流回路の一方の交流入力との間にリアクトル４が、全波整流回路の直流出力間にコンデンサ１２とコンデンサ１３からなるコンデンサ直列回路が、コンデンサ直列回路の内部接続点と全波整流回路の各交流入力との間に双方向スイッチ１０、１１が、コンデンサ直列回路と並列に負荷１４が、各々接続された構成である。
このような構成において、双方向スイッチ１０および１１をオン・オフ制御する制御回路例を図２に示す。主回路部においては、交流入力電流を電流検出器１５で、交流入力で電圧を電圧検出器１６で、直列接続されたコンデンサ１２の電圧を電圧検出器１７で、コンデンサ１３の電圧を電圧検出器１３で、各々検出して制御回路の入力とする。
制御回路部は、直列接続されたコンデンサ１２と１３の和の電圧が所定値になるように制御する直流定電圧制御部と、コンデンサ１２と１３の電圧が等しくなるように制御するコンデンサ電圧均等化制御部とから構成される。直流定電圧制御部は、直流電圧検出器１７の出力と直流電圧検出器１８の出力を加算器２２で加算して、この加算値が設定器３７の設定値となるように調節器２８で調整し、この調整量と交流入力電圧検出器１６の出力とを掛算器３０で掛算して交流入力電流が高力率の正弦波となるような電流指令値とし、この電流指令値と電流検出器１５で検出された電流実際値との差を加算器２４で求め、この値が零になるように調節器３２で制御する。また、コンデンサ電圧均等化制御部は、電圧検出器１７の出力と直流電圧検出器１８の出力を加算器２１で減算して、この減算値が零となるように調節器２７で調整し、この調整値と交流入力電圧検出器１６の出力とを掛算器２９で掛算して電流指令値とし、この電流指令値と電流検出器１５で検出された電流実際値との差を加算器２３で求め、この値が零になるように調節器３１で制御する。調節器３２の出力ｖ１と調節器３１の出力ｖ２から双方向スイッチ１０と１１のオン・オフ信号を作り出す動作波形を図３に示す。この図は交流入力電圧が正極性の場合（リアクトル４のある側が正の場合）を示す。ここで、コンデンサ１２の電圧をＥｄ１、コンデンサ１３の電圧をＥｄ２とする。ここで、コンデンサ均等化制御量ｖ２をＥｄ１＜Ｅｄ２の場合は正の制御量、Ｅｄ１＞Ｅｄ２の場合は負の制御量とし、直流電圧制御量ｖ１にコンデンサ電圧均等化制御量ｖ２を加算器２６で加算した制御量からキャリア３５と比較器３４でＰＷＭ変調されたオン・オフ信号を作り出し、これを双方向スイッチ１０のオン・オフ信号とする。また、直流電圧制御量ｖ１からコンデンサ電圧均等化制御量ｖ２を加算器２５で減算した制御量からキャリア３５と比較器３３でＰＷＭ変調されたオン・オフ信号を作り出し、これを双方向スイッチ１１のオン・オフ信号とする。
この結果、Ｅｄ１＜Ｅｄ２の場合は、双方向スイッチ１０のオン・オフ信号はオフの期間が長く、双方向スイッチ１１のオン・オフ信号はオンの期間が長い信号となり、両方の双方向スイッチ１０および１１がオンしている間にリアクトル４に蓄積されたエネルギーがコンデンサ１２に多く充電されてＥｄ１の電圧が上昇する方向に、コンデンサ１３の電圧Ｅｄ２が下降する方向に制御され、均等化される。また、Ｅｄ１＞Ｅｄ２の場合は、双方向スイッチ１０のオン・オフ信号はオンの期間が長く、双方向スイッチ１１のオン・オフ信号はオフの期間が長い信号となり、両方の双方向スイッチ１０および１１がオンしている間にリアクトル４に蓄積されたエネルギーがコンデンサ１３に多く充電されてＥｄ２の電圧が上昇する方向に、コンデンサ１２の電圧Ｅｄ１が下降する方向に制御され、均等化される。交流入力電圧が負極性（リアクトル４のある側が負）の場合はこれを検出して、パルス分配回路で双方向スイッチ１０の信号と双方向スイッチ１１の信号を切換えれば同様にコンデンサ１２と１３の電圧は均等化される。 FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the present invention. Capacitor series circuit including a reactor 4 between a single-phase AC power supply 1 and one AC input of a full-wave rectifier circuit composed of diodes 6 to 9, and a capacitor 12 and a capacitor 13 between DC outputs of the full-wave rectifier circuit. However, the bidirectional switches 10 and 11 are connected between the internal connection point of the capacitor series circuit and each AC input of the full-wave rectifier circuit, and the load 14 is connected in parallel with the capacitor series circuit.
FIG. 2 shows an example of a control circuit that controls on / off of the bidirectional switches 10 and 11 in such a configuration. In the main circuit section, the AC input current is detected by the current detector 15, the AC input voltage is detected by the voltage detector 16, the voltage of the capacitor 12 connected in series is converted by the voltage detector 17, and the voltage of the capacitor 13 is converted by the voltage detector. Each of them is detected and used as an input to the control circuit.
The control circuit unit is a DC constant voltage control unit that controls the sum voltage of the capacitors 12 and 13 connected in series to a predetermined value, and a capacitor voltage equalization that controls the voltages of the capacitors 12 and 13 to be equal. And a control unit. The DC constant voltage control unit adds the output of the DC voltage detector 17 and the output of the DC voltage detector 18 with the adder 22, and adjusts with the adjuster 28 so that the added value becomes the set value of the setter 37. The adjustment amount and the output of the AC input voltage detector 16 are multiplied by a multiplier 30 to obtain a current command value such that the AC input current becomes a high power factor sine wave. The current command value and the current detector The difference from the actual current value detected at 15 is obtained by the adder 24 and controlled by the regulator 32 so that this value becomes zero. Further, the capacitor voltage equalization control unit subtracts the output of the voltage detector 17 and the output of the DC voltage detector 18 with the adder 21 and adjusts the subtraction value with the adjuster 27 so that the subtraction value becomes zero. The adjustment value and the output of the AC input voltage detector 16 are multiplied by a multiplier 29 to obtain a current command value. A difference between the current command value and the actual current value detected by the current detector 15 is obtained by an adder 23. The controller 31 controls so that this value becomes zero. FIG. 3 shows operation waveforms for generating on / off signals of the bidirectional switches 10 and 11 from the output v1 of the regulator 32 and the output v2 of the regulator 31. This figure shows the case where the AC input voltage is positive (when the side where the reactor 4 is present is positive). Here, the voltage of the capacitor 12 is Ed1, and the voltage of the capacitor 13 is Ed2. Here, the capacitor equalization control amount v2 is a positive control amount when Ed1 <Ed2, and a negative control amount when Ed1> Ed2. The capacitor voltage equalization control amount v2 is added to the DC voltage control amount v1 by the adder 26. The on / off signal PWM-modulated by the carrier 35 and the comparator 34 is generated from the control amount added in step S3, and this is used as the on / off signal of the bidirectional switch 10. Further, an on / off signal PWM-modulated by the carrier 35 and the comparator 33 is generated from the control amount obtained by subtracting the capacitor voltage equalization control amount v2 from the DC voltage control amount v1 by the adder 25, and this is generated by the bidirectional switch 11. Use an on / off signal.
As a result, when Ed1 <Ed2, the on / off signal of the bidirectional switch 10 has a long off period, and the on / off signal of the bidirectional switch 11 has a long on period. The capacitor 12 is charged with much energy stored in the reactor 4 while the capacitors 11 and 11 are turned on, and the voltage Ed2 of the capacitor 13 is controlled to be increased and the voltage Ed2 of the capacitor 13 is decreased and equalized. . When Ed1> Ed2, the ON / OFF signal of the bidirectional switch 10 has a long ON period, and the ON / OFF signal of the bidirectional switch 11 has a long OFF period. The capacitor 13 is charged with much energy stored in the reactor 4 while 11 is on, and the voltage Ed1 of the capacitor 12 is controlled to be increased in the direction in which the voltage Ed2 increases, and equalized. If the AC input voltage is negative (the side with the reactor 4 is negative), this is detected, and if the signal of the bidirectional switch 10 and the signal of the bidirectional switch 11 are switched by the pulse distribution circuit, the capacitors 12 and 13 are similarly detected. The voltage of is equalized.

図４に、本発明の第２の実施例を示す。第1の実施例との違いは、交流電源１と並列にコンデンサ２と３の直列回路が接続され、この内部接続点と全波整流回路の直流出力間に接続されたコンデンサ１２と１３の直列回路の内部接続点とが接続されている点とリアクトル５が交流電源１と全波整流回路の交流入力点との間に付加されている点である。
このような構成において、交流電源が正極性（リアクトル４側が正）の時、双方向スイッチ１０と１１を同時にオンさせると交流電源１→リアクトル４→双方向スイッチ１０→双方向スイッチ１１→リアクトル５→交流電源１の経路で電流が流れ、リアクトル４と５にエネルギーが蓄積される。次に双方向スイッチ１０と１１の両方をオフさせるとリアクトル４と５の電流は、ダイオード６→コンデンサ１２→コンデンサ１３→ダイオード９→リアクトル５→交流電源１の経路となり、コンデンサ１２と１３が充電され、電圧が上昇する。また、双方向スイッチ１０のみをオフさせた場合には、コンデンサ２が電源となり、リアクトル５の電流はダイオード６を介してコンデンサ１２を充電し、リアクトル５の電流はコンデンサ３が電源となり増加を続ける。また、双方向スイッチ11のみをオフさせた場合には、コンデンサ３が電源となりリアクトル５の電流はダイオード９を介してコンデンサ１３を充電し、リアクトル４の電流はコンデンサ２が電源となり増加を続ける。以上のように双方向スイッチ１０と１１を適切に制御することにより、コンデンサ１２と１３の電圧を均等化することができる。制御の原理は第1の実施例と同様である。交流電源が負極性（リアクトル４側の電圧が負）の場合も同様の原理により、コンデンサ１２と１３の電圧を均等化することができる。 FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the present invention. The difference from the first embodiment is that a series circuit of capacitors 2 and 3 is connected in parallel with the AC power source 1, and a series of capacitors 12 and 13 connected between this internal connection point and the DC output of the full-wave rectifier circuit. A point where the internal connection point of the circuit is connected and a reactor 5 are added between the AC power source 1 and the AC input point of the full-wave rectifier circuit.
In such a configuration, when the AC power supply is positive (reactor 4 side is positive) and the bidirectional switches 10 and 11 are turned on simultaneously, the AC power supply 1 → reactor 4 → bidirectional switch 10 → bidirectional switch 11 → reactor 5 → Current flows through the path of the AC power source 1 and energy is stored in the reactors 4 and 5. Next, when both the bidirectional switches 10 and 11 are turned off, the currents of the reactors 4 and 5 become the path of the diode 6 → the capacitor 12 → the capacitor 13 → the diode 9 → the reactor 5 → the AC power source 1, and the capacitors 12 and 13 are charged. And the voltage rises. Further, when only the bidirectional switch 10 is turned off, the capacitor 2 serves as a power source, the current of the reactor 5 charges the capacitor 12 via the diode 6, and the current of the reactor 5 continues to increase with the capacitor 3 serving as a power source. . When only the bidirectional switch 11 is turned off, the capacitor 3 serves as a power source, and the current in the reactor 5 charges the capacitor 13 through the diode 9, and the current in the reactor 4 continues to increase because the capacitor 2 serves as a power source. As described above, the voltages of the capacitors 12 and 13 can be equalized by appropriately controlling the bidirectional switches 10 and 11. The principle of control is the same as in the first embodiment. When the AC power source is negative (reactor 4 side voltage is negative), the voltages of the capacitors 12 and 13 can be equalized by the same principle.

図５に双方向スイッチ１０、１１をスイッチング素子とダイオードの組合せにより実現する回路例を示す。図５（ａ）はダイオード４３を逆並列接続したＩＧＢＴ４１とダイオード４４を逆並列接続したＩＧＢＴ４２を逆直列接続した構成である。Ａ点からＢ点へ電流を流す場合はＩＧＢＴ４１をオンさせ、Ｂ点からＡ点へ電流を流す場合はＩＧＢＴ４２をオンさせる。両方のＩＧＢＴ４１と４２をオフさせれば何れの方向でもスイッチオフとなる。図５（ｂ）はダイオード４５、４６の直列回路と、ダイオード４７、４８の直列回路と、ＩＧＢＴ４９とを並列接続し、各ダイオード直列回路の内部接続点を端子とした構成である。Ａ点からＢ点へ電流を流す場合は、ＩＧＢＴ４９をオンさせると、ダイオード４５→ＩＧＢＴ４９→ダイオード４８の経路となり、Ｂ点からＡ点へ電流を流す場合は、ＩＧＢＴ４９をオンさせると、ダイオード４７→ＩＧＢＴ４９→ダイオード４６の経路となる。ＩＧＢＴ４９をオフさせるといずれの方向でもスイッチオフとなる。   FIG. 5 shows a circuit example in which the bidirectional switches 10 and 11 are realized by a combination of a switching element and a diode. FIG. 5A shows a configuration in which an IGBT 41 in which a diode 43 is connected in antiparallel and an IGBT 42 in which a diode 44 is connected in antiparallel are connected in reverse series. The IGBT 41 is turned on when a current is passed from the A point to the B point, and the IGBT 42 is turned on when a current is passed from the B point to the A point. If both IGBTs 41 and 42 are turned off, the switch is turned off in any direction. FIG. 5B shows a configuration in which a series circuit of diodes 45 and 46, a series circuit of diodes 47 and 48, and an IGBT 49 are connected in parallel, and an internal connection point of each diode series circuit is used as a terminal. When current is supplied from point A to point B, the IGBT 49 is turned on to provide a path of diode 45 → IGBT 49 → diode 48. When current is supplied from point B to point A, when the IGBT 49 is turned on, diode 47 → The path is from IGBT 49 to diode 46. When the IGBT 49 is turned off, the switch is turned off in any direction.

本発明は、直流電源の出力にハーフブリッジ形のインバータ回路を接続する場合や、直流中間電圧と正極間、直流中間電圧と負極間に別々に負荷を接続する場合の単相昇圧形直流電源の構成法であり、無停電電源装置（ＵＰＳ）、スイッチング電源、高周波電源、誘導加熱用電源などへの適用が可能である。   The present invention relates to a single-phase boost DC power source when a half-bridge type inverter circuit is connected to the output of a DC power source, or when a load is separately connected between the DC intermediate voltage and the positive electrode, or between the DC intermediate voltage and the negative electrode. It is a configuration method and can be applied to an uninterruptible power supply (UPS), a switching power supply, a high-frequency power supply, an induction heating power supply, and the like.

本発明の第1の実施例を示す回路図1 is a circuit diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の制御回路例を示す回路図The circuit diagram which shows the example of the control circuit of this invention 図２の各部の動作を示す動作波形図Operation waveform diagram showing operation of each part of FIG. 本発明の別の実施例を示す回路図Circuit diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention 双方向スイッチの構成例Bi-directional switch configuration example 従来技術を示す回路図Circuit diagram showing conventional technology

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１・・・交流電源 ２、３・・・コンデンサ
４、５・・・リアクトル ６〜９、４３〜４８・・・ダイオード
１０、１１・・・双方向スイッチ １２，１３・・・コンデンサ
１４・・・負荷 １５・・・電流検出器
１６・・・交流入力電圧検出器 １７、１８・・・直流電圧検出器
２１〜２６・・・加算器 ２７、２８、３１、３２・・・調節器
２９、３０・・・掛算器 ３３、３４・・・比較器
３５・・・キャリア発生器 ３６・・・パルス分配回路
３７・・・電圧設定器 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... AC power source 2, 3 ... Capacitor 4, 5 ... Reactor 6-9, 43-48 ... Diode 10, 11 ... Bidirectional switch 12, 13 ... Capacitor 14 ...・ Load 15 ... Current detector
16 ... AC input voltage detector 17, 18 ... DC voltage detector 21-26 ... Adder 27, 28, 31, 32 ... Regulator 29, 30 ... Multiplier 33, 34 ... Comparator
35 ... Carrier generator 36 ... Pulse distribution circuit 37 ... Voltage setter

Claims (4)

単相交流電源と全波整流回路の交流入力端子のいずれか一方または両方との間にリアクトルを、前記全波整流回路の直流出力端子間に第1のコンデンサ直列回路を、前記第1のコンデンサ直列回路の内部接続点と前記全波整流回路の交流入力端子各々との間に双方向スイッチを、各々接続したことを特徴とする交流−直流変換装置。   A reactor between the single-phase AC power supply and one or both of the AC input terminals of the full-wave rectifier circuit, a first capacitor series circuit between the DC output terminals of the full-wave rectifier circuit, and the first capacitor An AC-DC converter characterized in that a bidirectional switch is connected between an internal connection point of a series circuit and each AC input terminal of the full-wave rectifier circuit. 単相交流電源と並列に第2のコンデンサ直列回路を、前記交流電源と全波整流回路の交流入力端子との間に各々リアクトルを、前記全波整流回路の直流出力端子間に第１のコンデンサ直列回路を、前記第1のコンデンサ直列回路の内部接続点と前記全波整流回路の交流入力端子各々との間に双方向スイッチを、前記第1のコンデンサ直列回路の内部接続点に前記第2のコンデンサ直列回路の内部接続点を、各々接続したことを特徴とする交流−直流変換装置。     A second capacitor series circuit in parallel with the single-phase AC power source, a reactor between the AC power source and the AC input terminal of the full-wave rectifier circuit, respectively, and a first capacitor between the DC output terminals of the full-wave rectifier circuit A bidirectional switch is provided between the internal connection point of the first capacitor series circuit and each AC input terminal of the full-wave rectifier circuit, and the second circuit is connected to the internal connection point of the first capacitor series circuit. An AC-DC converter characterized by connecting internal connection points of the capacitor series circuit. 前記双方向スイッチは、前記直列接続された各コンデンサの電圧を検出し、各々の電圧が等しくなるようにオン・オフ制御されることを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載の交流−直流変換装置。   3. The AC-DC conversion according to claim 1, wherein the bidirectional switch detects a voltage of each of the capacitors connected in series and is controlled to be turned on / off so that the voltages are equal to each other. 4. apparatus. 前記双方向スイッチは、ダイオードとスイッチング素子の組合せで構成されることを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載の交流−直流変換装置。
The AC / DC converter according to claim 1, wherein the bidirectional switch is configured by a combination of a diode and a switching element.
JP2006191881A 2006-07-12 2006-07-12 AC-DC converter Withdrawn JP2008022625A (en)

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WO2020194407A1 (en) * 2019-03-22 2020-10-01 日立ジョンソンコントロールズ空調株式会社 Power conversion device and air conditioner
JPWO2020194407A1 (en) * 2019-03-22 2021-11-18 日立ジョンソンコントロールズ空調株式会社 Power converter and air conditioner
JP7054756B2 (en) 2019-03-22 2022-04-14 日立ジョンソンコントロールズ空調株式会社 Power converter and air conditioner

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