JP2007333378A - Heat pump type air conditioner - Google Patents

Abstract

[PROBLEMS] To cope with air conditioning in various special environments and reduce the cost of equipment and operation.
SOLUTION: First and second compression heat pumps A and B, and first and second humidifiers 5a and 5b are provided. 1st and 2nd humidifiers 5a and 5b and the refrigerant | coolant-air heat exchange of the 1st evaporator 2a for refrigerant | coolant-air heat exchange of the 1st heat pump A and the 2nd heat pump B which heat-exchange the air for air-conditioning with circulating refrigerant The 2nd evaporator 2b is arrange | positioned in order of the ventilation direction of the air for air conditioning in order of the 1st evaporator 2a, the 1st humidifier 5a, the 2nd evaporator 2b, and the 2nd humidifier 5b. A refrigerant-air heat exchange condenser 3 shared by the first and second heat pumps A and B for exchanging heat of the circulating refrigerant with heat exchange air is arranged in the direction of blowing the heat exchange air. Switching between heat absorption and heat dissipation of the circulating refrigerant by the first evaporator 2a and the condenser 3 of the first heat pump A, and heat absorption and heat dissipation of the circulating refrigerant by the second evaporator 2b and the condenser 3 of the second heat pump B, respectively. Configure freely.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a heat pump type air conditioner.

  In air conditioning in special environments such as electronic factories, agricultural factories, breeding rooms, and grain warehouses, it is necessary to adjust the temperature and humidity by heating and cooling the air-conditioning air in a predetermined order and appropriately humidifying it. Therefore, for example, there is a system in which a cold water coil (cooling coil), a hot water coil (heating coil), a humidifier, and the like are provided, and the heat source water circuit is a four-pipe type, and the cold water and the hot water coil are separately supplied with cold water and hot water. However, the four-pipe heat source water circuit has a problem that the piping distance is long and the equipment cost is high, and it is necessary to make cold water and hot water at the same time.

  In addition, since the heat pump has an upper limit on the air heating temperature (refrigerant condensation temperature), the vaporization method is used under conditions where the air temperature / humidity is low and a large amount of humidification is required with respect to the desired temperature and humidity (especially high temperature and high humidity). When humidified, the desired supply air temperature may not be reached due to latent heat of vaporization. Therefore, there is a problem that the temperature / humidity range in which air conditioning can be performed becomes narrow, and the compression efficiency and consequently the coefficient of performance (COP) decrease.

JP-A-63-233244

  The problem to be solved is to provide a heat pump type air conditioner that is compact and has good COP, which can cope with a wide range of air conditioning in various special environments, as well as high equipment cost and operation cost.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides first and second compression heat pumps, first and second humidifiers, a blower for supplying air for air conditioning to an air-conditioned space, and heat exchange A condensing blower for blowing air, and a first evaporator for refrigerant-air heat exchange of the first heat pump for exchanging heat of air for air conditioning with the first and second humidifiers and a circulating refrigerant, and the first The second evaporator for refrigerant-air heat exchange of the two heat pumps is arranged in the order of the first evaporator, the first humidifier, the second evaporator, and the second humidifier in the air blowing direction of the air conditioning air. And a refrigerant-air heat exchange condenser shared by the first and second heat pumps for exchanging heat of the circulating refrigerant with heat exchange air, and arranged in a blowing direction of the heat exchange air, Heat absorption and heat dissipation of the circulating refrigerant by the first evaporator and the condenser of the first heat pump And, the most important feature that the heat absorption and heat dissipation of the circulating refrigerant by the condenser and the second evaporator of the second heat pump, and each switching freely configured.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the air conditioning operation in a special environment that requires heating and cooling of the air-conditioning air can be performed only by the heat pump without using the cold / hot water coil, and the equipment cost and the operation cost can be reduced.
Humidifiers are installed both on the lee of the first evaporator and on the lee of the second evaporator, so the temperature and humidity range (especially on the high temperature and high humidity side) can be heated and humidified in two stages and air-conditioned. And the compression efficiency and thus the COP are improved.
Since the condensers of the first and second heat pumps are shared, the number of parts can be reduced and the size can be reduced. Since the condenser shares the fin group, the heat transfer area is increased, and the heat exchange capacity is increased even when only one of the first and second heat pumps is operated. When one of the refrigerants evaporates and the other condenses in the common condenser, heat exchange between the refrigerants can also be performed, increasing COP and saving energy.
In the invention of claim 2, since the pressure loss is reduced and the heat exchange efficiency is improved, a small blower can be used and noise can be reduced. The first and second evaporators and the condenser can also be miniaturized and the air conditioner can be made compact.

  1 and 2 show an embodiment of the heat pump type air conditioner of the present invention, and the solid and dotted white arrows indicate the blowing direction. This air conditioner is provided with a supply air blow passage 9, first and second compression heat pumps A and B, first and second humidifiers 5a and 5b, and air for air conditioning. A blower 6 that supplies air to the air-conditioned space, a blower path 8, and a condenser blower 7 that blows heat exchange air such as outside air, return air, or mixed air thereof to the condenser 3 are provided. The first and second humidifiers 5a and 5b and the first evaporator 2a for refrigerant-air heat exchange and the second heat pump of the first heat pump A that exchanges heat of air-conditioning air using circulating refrigerant with the first and second humidifiers 5a and 5b. The second evaporator 2b for refrigerant-air heat exchange of B is arranged in the order of the first evaporator 2a, the first humidifier 5a, the second evaporator 2b, and the second humidifier 5b in the air blowing direction. In addition, the first and second heat pumps A and B for exchanging heat of the circulating refrigerant with heat exchange air are provided in the air passage 8 with the refrigerant / air heat exchange condenser 3 for heat exchange air. Arranged in the blowing direction, the heat absorption and heat release of the circulating refrigerant by the first evaporator 2a and the condenser 3 of the first heat pump A, and the circulating refrigerant by the second evaporator 2b and the condenser 3 of the second heat pump B The heat absorption and heat dissipation are configured to be switchable. For example, a cycle in which refrigerant is evaporated in both or one of the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b, a cycle in which refrigerant is evaporated in the first evaporator 2a and refrigerant is condensed in the second evaporator 2b, and the first evaporator 2a And a cycle in which the refrigerant is condensed in both or one of the second evaporator 2b, or a cycle in which the refrigerant is condensed in the first evaporator 2a and the refrigerant is condensed in the second evaporator 2b and the first evaporator 2a. And a cycle in which the refrigerant is condensed in both or one of the first evaporator 2b or at least one of them, or a cycle in which the refrigerant is evaporated in both or one of the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b and the first evaporator It is configured to be switchable at least between the cycle in which the refrigerant is condensed in 2a and the refrigerant is evaporated in the second evaporator 2b. The condenser blower 7, which can adjust the surface velocity of the condenser (the amount of air passing through the condenser), is provided in the blower passage 8, and the blower 6 is provided in the air supply blower passage 9.

  The condenser 3 is a refrigerant-air heat exchanger, and the refrigerant flow passage of the first heat pump A and the refrigerant flow passage of the second heat pump B in the condenser 3 are arranged so as to exchange heat with each other. In which the refrigerants of the first heat pump A and the refrigerant of the second heat pump B are evaporated and the other is condensed so that the two different refrigerants circulate in an opposing manner. Plan Furthermore, the condenser 3 is configured so that the flowing refrigerant is different for each row of fin tubes, for each stage of fin tubes, or for each fin tube, thereby eliminating uneven heat exchange with air and stabilizing the performance. The first heat pump A includes a common condenser 3 that exchanges heat of circulating refrigerant with heat exchange air, a first evaporator 2a that exchanges heat of air conditioning air with circulating refrigerant, and a first compressor 4a. An expansion valve, a forward / reverse switching valve (four-way valve) in the refrigerant circulation direction, a liquid receiver (not shown), etc., which are connected to each other to form a refrigerant circulation circuit and a condenser by the switching valve 3 and the first evaporator 2a can be switched between heat absorption and heat release (evaporation function and condensation function). The second heat pump B includes a common condenser 3, a second evaporator 2b for exchanging heat of the air-conditioning air with a circulating refrigerant, a second compressor 4b, an expansion valve, and the reverse of the refrigerant circulation direction. A switching valve (four-way valve), a liquid receiver (not shown), and the like are provided, and these are connected by piping to form a refrigerant circulation circuit, and heat absorption and heat dissipation in the condenser 3 and the second evaporator 2b are performed by the switching valve. (Evaporation function and condensation function) are configured to be switchable. As the first and second humidifiers 5a and 5b, various types such as a vaporization method and a steam blowing method can be used.

  The air-conditioning air inlet and air-conditioning air outlet of the air supply air passage 9 are provided in the casing 1, and the air-conditioning air inlet is used for intake of return air, intake of outside air or mixed air intake of return air and outside air, etc. The air-conditioning air outlet is communicated with the air-conditioned space such as the room via the duct and the air-conditioned air outlet is communicated with the air-conditioned space such as the room via the duct. An air inlet for heat exchange and an air outlet for heat exchange in the air passage 8 are provided in the casing 1, and the air inlet for heat exchange is a duct for intake of return air, intake of outside air, or intake of mixed air of return air and outside air. The air outlet for heat exchange is communicated with an air-conditioned space such as a room or the outside via a duct, and the air outlet for heat exchange is communicated with the outside via a duct or the like for exhaust. The first and second heat pumps A and B are blown to the condenser 3 and blown by the blower 6 to the first and second evaporators 2a and 2b of the first and second heat pumps A and B. Air-conditioning air is heat-exchanged (cooled and heated) to supply air to the air-conditioned space, and air-conditioning operation is performed according to various environments. The fin tubes of the first evaporator 2a, the second evaporator 2b and the condenser 3 are preferably elliptical tubes with little pressure loss, but may be circular tubes.

  The air conditioner of FIG. 2 controls the capacity of each of the first and second heat pumps A and B, the blowers 6 and 7, the first and second humidifiers 5a and 5b, and the air temperature and humidity at the inlet of the first evaporator. In accordance with the first evaporator 2a and / or the second evaporator 2b, a cycle in which the refrigerant is evaporated, a cycle in which the refrigerant is evaporated in the first evaporator 2a and a refrigerant is condensed in the second evaporator 2b, and the first evaporator Control means (not shown) that can be switched at least to the cycle in which the refrigerant is condensed in both or one of the second evaporator 2b and the second evaporator 2b are provided, and the outside air treatment of the air-conditioned space can be performed. For example, when the first evaporator inlet air temperature / humidity is higher than the desired air temperature and humidity, cooling and dehumidification in both or one of the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b, or the first evaporator After cooling and dehumidifying at 2a, the temperature is adjusted by heating with the second evaporator 2b and controlled to a predetermined temperature and humidity. If the temperature of the first evaporator inlet air is low and the humidity is high with respect to the desired air temperature, the temperature is controlled by dehumidifying with the first evaporator 2a and then heating with the second evaporator 2b. Control to a predetermined temperature and humidity. When the first evaporator inlet air temperature / humidity is lower than the desired temperature and humidity, the first evaporator 2a is heated and then humidified by the first humidifier 5a. Further, the second evaporator 2b Then, the air is humidified by the second humidifier 5b and controlled to a predetermined temperature and humidity. In this case, the first humidifier 5a and the second humidifier 5a are heated by either or both of the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b in accordance with the heating amount and the humidification amount necessary to obtain a desired temperature and humidity. It is also possible to control to a predetermined temperature and humidity by humidifying only with one of the humidifiers 5b. When the temperature of the first evaporator inlet air is high and the humidity is low with respect to the desired temperature and humidity, the first evaporator 2a and / or the second evaporator 2b are dried and cooled, and the first humidifier 5a Humidification is performed by both or one of the second humidifiers 5b and controlled to a predetermined temperature and humidity. The control means also performs condenser surface wind speed control by the blower 7 in accordance with the condenser load. For example, when the condenser load increases, the condenser surface wind speed increases, and when the condenser load decreases, the condenser surface wind speed decreases. By setting the surface wind speed of the condenser 3 to 4.0 to 6.0 m / s, the amount of heat can be secured above the compressor performance limit, and the COP is improved.

  In the embodiment of FIG. 2, the control means controls the capacities of the first and second heat pumps A and B, the blowers 6 and 7, and the first and second humidifiers 5a and 5b, and the first. According to the temperature and humidity of the inlet air of the evaporator, the refrigerant is evaporated in the first evaporator 2a and condensed in the second evaporator 2b and / or the refrigerant is condensed in one or both of the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b. When it is configured to be switchable at least with the cycle, the air-conditioned space can be air-conditioned at constant temperature and humidity. For example, when the second humidifier 5b is a steam blowing system, the first evaporator inlet air temperature / humidity is higher than the desired air supply humidity and the first evaporation relative to the desired air supply humidity. When the temperature of the inlet air is low and the humidity is high, the temperature is reduced by cooling with the first evaporator 2a and then heated by the second evaporator 2b, or the temperature is reduced by the first evaporator 2a. Then, the temperature is adjusted by heating with the second evaporator 2b, and then humidified without lowering the temperature with steam, and controlled to a predetermined temperature and humidity. When the first evaporator inlet air temperature / humidity is lower than the desired temperature and humidity, the second humidifier 5b is heated and adjusted in both or one of the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b, and then the second humidifier 5b. The steam is humidified without reducing the temperature with steam and controlled to a predetermined temperature and humidity. In this case, after heating in the first evaporator 2a, humidifying in the first humidifier 5a, and further heating in the second evaporator 2b, and then the temperature is not lowered by steam in the second humidifier 5b. It is also possible to control to a predetermined temperature and humidity. When the temperature of the first evaporator inlet air is high and the humidity is low with respect to the desired supply air temperature and humidity, the temperature is adjusted by drying and cooling in both or one of the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b, and then by steam. Humidification is performed without lowering the temperature, and control is performed to a predetermined temperature and humidity.

  In this case, the air-conditioned space can be dehumidified and dried without stopping the first and second humidifiers 5a and 5b. For example, when the temperature of the first evaporator inlet air temperature is high with respect to the desired air temperature and humidity, and when the temperature of the first evaporator inlet air is low and the humidity is high with respect to the desired air temperature and humidity, the first evaporator 2a. When the first evaporator inlet air temperature and humidity is lower than the desired temperature and humidity, both the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b Or it heats by one side and it controls to predetermined supply air temperature humidity.

  In the embodiment of FIG. 2, the control means controls the capacities of the first and second heat pumps A and B, the blowers 6 and 7, and the first and second humidifiers 5a and 5b, and the first. When it is configured to be at least switchable between a cycle in which the refrigerant is evaporated in both or one of the evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b and a cycle in which the refrigerant is condensed in the first evaporator 2a and the refrigerant is evaporated in the second evaporator 2b The air-conditioned space can be humidified at a low temperature. For example, when the first evaporator inlet air temperature / humidity is higher than the desired temperature and humidity, the first evaporator 2a and / or the second evaporator 2b is cooled and dehumidified to obtain the desired temperature and humidity. On the other hand, when the temperature and humidity at the inlet of the first evaporator is low, the air is heated by the first evaporator 2a and then humidified and then dried and cooled to control to a predetermined temperature and humidity. When the temperature of the first evaporator inlet air is high and the humidity is low with respect to the desired air temperature and humidity, the air is humidified and then dried and cooled only by the second evaporator 2b, and controlled to a predetermined air temperature and humidity.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be freely changed in design without departing from the gist of the present invention. For example, the first and second heat pumps A and B, the configuration of the control means, the first evaporator The change and increase / decrease of the cycle of refrigerant evaporation and refrigerant condensation of 2a and the second evaporator 2b are free.

The front view which shows the Example of a heat pump type air conditioner. The simplified explanatory drawing of a heat pump.

Explanation of symbols

2a 1st evaporator 2b 2nd evaporator 3 condenser 5a 1st humidifier 5b 2nd humidifier 6 air blower 7 air blower for condensation A 1st heat pump B 2nd heat pump

Claims (2)

  The first and second compression heat pumps A and B, the first and second humidifiers 5a and 5b, the blower 6 for supplying air for air conditioning to the air-conditioned space, and the air for heat exchange. The first and second humidifiers 5a, 5b, and the first evaporator 2a for refrigerant-air heat exchange of the first heat pump A for exchanging heat of air-conditioning air with circulating refrigerant. The second evaporator 2b for refrigerant-air heat exchange of the second heat pump B is moved in the air blowing direction of the air for air conditioning, the first evaporator 2a, the first humidifier 5a, the second evaporator 2b, The first and second heat pumps A and B that are arranged in the order of the second humidifier 5b and exchange heat of the circulating refrigerant with heat exchange air include the refrigerant-air heat exchange condenser 3 shared by the first and second heat pumps A and B. It arrange | positions in the ventilation direction of the air for heat exchange, and the said 1st evaporator 2a of the said 1st heat pump A The heat absorption and heat dissipation of the circulating refrigerant by the condenser 3 and the heat absorption and heat dissipation of the circulating refrigerant by the second evaporator 2b and the condenser 3 of the second heat pump B are configured to be switchable. Heat pump type air conditioner.   The heat pump type air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the fin tubes of the first and second evaporators 2a and 2b and the fin tube of the condenser 3 are elliptical tubes.

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