JP2007260814A - Wrench and working method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a tool capable of quickly and easily performing an operation of tightening or loosening a nut to a bolt in a narrow space where it has been difficult and time-consuming to perform the conventional work.
An outer periphery of a socket is fitted and fixed to a drum 7 having a hollow cylinder, a wire 11 or a chain 4 is wound around the outer peripheral surface of the drum 7, and the protrusion 8 on the outer surface of the drum 7 is A handle for hooking one end of the wire 11 or the chain 4 and fitting the fixed drum 7 and socket 14 into the nut 5b, and then rotating the other end of the wire 11 or the chain 4 to a chain block or winch; Or it pulls by performing winding-up operation with pulling drive parts, such as an electric motor with a reduction gear, and the nut 5b is rotated and the tightening operation | work of the nut to a volt | bolt and the loosening operation | work are performed.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a socket wrench which is a tool used for tightening or loosening bolts and nuts in assembling and disassembling operations of various mechanical devices.

  As a tool used when tightening or loosening a nut to a bolt in assembly or disassembly work of mechanical devices, a socket wrench or the like is conventionally known in addition to a spanner or a spectacle wrench (for example, Patent Document 1). And 2).

  The background art of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. FIG. 3 is a plan view of the state of the bolt and nut between the gaps. FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a method of tightening or loosening a nut on a large bolt with a conventional spectacle wrench.

  When a conventional socket wrench is used, it is used in combination with a ratchet handle or impact wrench attached to the socket wrench. For this purpose, for example, a space of a size combining a ratchet handle and a socket wrench and a space for gripping and operating the ratchet handle are required, or a space of a size combining an impact wrench and a socket wrench and an impact wrench. There was a need for a handle operating space for the handle. Therefore, in the space position between the spaces as shown in FIG. 3 where these tools cannot be inserted, there are cases where the conventional tools cannot work.

  On the other hand, when a spectacle wrench is used, a large space is required in the circumferential direction of the bolt. When tightening or loosening a nut to a bolt attached to a recess such as an H-shaped steel, U-shaped steel, or I-shaped steel 20 as shown in FIG. The operation to do is necessary. For this reason, conventionally, a lot of work time has been required for working in a space. Especially when tightening or loosening nuts on large bolts, it took much more work time.

  FIG. 4 shows an example of the prior art. That is, when tightening or loosening a nut to a large bolt (screw nominal standard: M42) in a narrow space, conventionally, a short wrench 1 with a handle 6 has been used. Since the handle 6 of the wrench 1 cannot be used unless it is shortened, a hole 2 is made in the handle 6, a hook 3 of a chain block 9 (not shown in FIG. 4) is hung in the hole 2, and the chain 4 is pulled. However, the nut 5b was turned.

  In this method, the tightening or loosening by one pulling operation by the chain 4 is limited to an angle of about 45 degrees with the rotation angle of the nut 5b. Change the chain wrench 1 many times, return the chain 4 to its original position, repeat the same operation over and over again, tighten or loosen, and turn 4 to 5 turns per bolt and nut It was necessary to do. This method took about 30 minutes to complete a set of operations per bolt and nut.

  Further, in the spectacle wrench 1, in the tightening operation of the nut 5b to the bolt 5a, the relative angle between the chain 4 being pulled and the handle 6 changes depending on the position of the handle 6 that has been tightened. There is also a problem that the torque changes. This is also a problem that the degree of tightening of the nut 5b to the bolt 5a due to the pressure bonding between the bolt 5a and the machine device fixed by the nut 5b is not constant. That is, this problem is caused when the tightening force of the nut 5b is slightly different depending on the angle between the position of the handle 6 of the spectacle wrench 1 and the chain 4 when the tightening is finished.

  In particular, a large-scale industrial machine that generates vibrations in normal times has a problem in machine maintenance, and the machine may be damaged or damaged due to an increase in vibration due to loosening of nuts.

Registered Utility Model No. 3008063 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 6-9875

  Until now, it has been difficult to tighten or loosen a nut on a bolt in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the bolt or nut, or in a narrow space where there is no space in the circumferential direction of the nut. An object of the present invention is to provide a tool capable of quickly and easily performing a tightening operation and a loosening operation of a nut to a bolt at a place where an operation space cannot be obtained in the tightening or loosening operation with the conventional tool as described above. It is a thing.

  In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present inventor mechanically performs a rotation operation of a nut to a bolt in a bolt tightening operation and a loosening operation from a rotation operation at a distant position via a wire or a chain. As a result of diligently examining the method, if the idea is to reversely use the operation of a winch as a hoisting device that is commonly used when lifting an object, the wire or chain is pulled upward to rotate the drum, and the rotational power of the nut As a result, the present invention has been completed.

  That is, the present invention includes a socket wrench that is fitted and fixed inside a hollow cylindrical drum, a protrusion provided on one surface of the outer periphery of the drum, and one end fixed to the protrusion. A wrench characterized by comprising a wire or chain wound around the wire or chain and a means for pulling the other end of the wire or chain opposite to the other end.

  The present invention also provides a method for tightening and loosening a nut to a bolt using the wrench.

  Specifically, the first and second problems of the present invention can be solved by means as shown in FIGS. Here, FIG. 1 is a side view showing a state of tightening or loosening a nut to a bolt with the socket wrench of the present invention, and FIG. FIG.

  That is, in FIG. 1 and FIG. 5, the outer periphery of the socket 14 is fixed by being fitted inside a hollow cylindrical drum 7 such as a metal structure, and is fixed to one place on the outer surface of the drum 7. Next, the wire 11 or the chain 4 is wound around the outer surface of the drum 7, and the wound tip is hooked on the protrusion 8. Then, the fixed drum 7 and socket 14 are fitted into the nut 5b in the direction of the arrow.

  Next, if the other end of the wire 11 is pulled directly or via the chain 4 connected to the other end, the drum 7 is rotated, so that the nut 5b is subsequently rotated. Even so, it is possible to easily perform the tightening operation and the loosening operation of the nut 5b to the bolt 5a.

  The pull drive unit such as the wire 11 or the chain 4 includes a chain block 9 or winch 10 (see FIG. 7) and a handle for rotating them or an electric motor 12 with a speed reducer. Alternatively, the winding operation of the chain 4 or the like can be performed.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to easily tighten or loosen a nut on a bolt even in a narrow space where there is no space in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the bolt and nut or in the circumferential direction. Further, by adjusting the length of the wire or chain, the tightening or loosening operation without changing the wrench can be completed easily and in a short time. Furthermore, the effect of the present invention is significant, such as the fact that the tightening can be completed while the tightening torque of the nut is always constant.

  The present invention will be described below based on preferred embodiments with reference to the drawings.

1 and 2 are state diagrams showing an example of tightening or loosening bolts and nuts using the socket wrench of the present invention. That is, FIG. 1 is a side view showing a working state of tightening or loosening a nut to a bolt by the socket wrench of the present invention as described above. FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view thereof. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram in the case of using a chain block combined with a pulley in the tightening or loosening operation of the nut with the socket wrench of the present invention, and FIG. 7 is the tightening or loosening operation of the nut with the socket wrench of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram when an electric winch wound by an electric motor with a speed reducer is used as a drive source, and FIG. It is the schematic when it is set as a source.
FIG. 9 shows a schematic view of the socket wrench of the present invention in which the shape of the inner surface of the socket is hexagonal and dodecagonal, and FIG. 10 shows both sides of the socket wrench of the present invention. It is the cross-sectional schematic which shows the tightening or loosening operation | work state of the nut to the volt | bolt by this socket wrench in the case of being.
Furthermore, FIGS. 11 and 12 are a cross-sectional view of the socket wrench of the present invention when the socket is the same length as the drum, and a cross-sectional view of the socket wrench of the present invention when the socket is longer than the drum, respectively. Show.

1 and 2, in the socket wrench of the present invention having a metal structure, a metal socket 14 is fitted and fixed inside a metal drum 7 whose center is cylindrical and hollow. The fitting and fixing means may be welding or key fixing, a set screw, or any other fixing means. Then, the drum 7 and the socket 14 may be fitted into the nut 5b in the direction of the arrows in FIGS.
The socket wrench of the present invention is preferably the above-mentioned metal structure, but is not particularly limited thereto. For example, the resin is placed inside the resin drum 7 whose center is cylindrical and hollow. It may be a resin structure in which a socket 14 made of metal is fitted and fixed by the above-described method.

  Here, in the socket wrench of the present invention, if the height of the nut 5b is D as shown in FIG. 10 and the height of the socket 14 is H as shown in FIGS. It is necessary to be. Moreover, when the length of the part which contact | connects the socket 14 in FIG.1 and FIG.2 and the column shape of the drum 7, ie, the height of the drum 7 shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 11, H = L may be used, but in the case of the socket 14 shown in FIG. 12, H> L may be used. In either case, the inner surface of the socket 14 has a hole through which the bolt 5a can pass.

  Further, one protrusion 8 is provided on the outer surface of the drum 7 so as to be fixed to the outer surface. Therefore, the tip of the wire 11 is fixed to the protrusion 8, the wire 11 is wound around the outer surface of the drum 7 at least once in the circumferential direction, and the tip of the wire 11 that is not fixed is wound up by the chain block 9 or the like. The drum 7 starts to rotate by winding in the direction of the arrow in FIG. As a result, the nut 5b rotates.

  By such a mechanism, the nut 5b can be tightened on the bolt 5a, or the wire 5 can be wound once or more in the outer peripheral direction of the drum 7 once and the drum 7 can be turned in reverse to loosen the nut 5b. .

  On the other hand, a link chain can be used instead of the wire 11.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG. 5, it is also possible to connect the wire 11 and the chain 4 and use them together. That is, in this case, the tip of the wire 11 is fixed to the protrusion 8, the wire 11 is wound around the outer surface of the drum 7 at least three times in the circumferential direction, and the chain 4 is attached to the tip of the wire 11 that is not fixed. The other end on the opposite side of the chain 4 may be wound up by a winding device such as a chain block 9 in the direction of the arrow in FIG.

  Next, as a winding drive device for pulling the wire 11, there is a case where the chain block 9 as shown in FIG. In this case, the main body of the chain block 9 is hung on an external fixed object, and the chain block 9 is operated, whereby the wire 11 is pulled, and the nut 5b can be tightened or loosened. However, this method is not suitable when the chain block 9 is set at the lower part of the machine and the nut 5b must be tightened or loosened. The optimum setting position of the chain block 9 is when the chain block 9 is above the nut 5b of the machine.

  However, instead of setting the chain block 9 at the lower part of the bolt 5a of the mechanical device, as shown in FIG. 6, by setting the pulley 22 at the lower position of the bolt 5a, the wire 11 is directed diagonally upward. It is also possible to pull the block 9 and tighten or loosen the nut 5b to the bolt 5a via the pulley 22. However, in this case, the nut 5b is easily pulled out from the socket 14 because the chain block 9 pulls it diagonally upward so as to avoid the gap between the mechanical devices. Therefore, the wire 7 is pulled by the chain block 9 via the pulley 22 by screwing the second nut 5c into the bolt 5a and holding down the drum 7 fixing the socket 14. Also, the nut 5b can be fixed from the socket 14 so as not to come off.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the winding drive device that pulls the wire 11 may be an electric winch 10 that is wound by an electric motor 12 with a speed reducer. The winding operation of the wire 11 can also be performed remotely using the power source by the winding drive device. The nut 5b can be tightened or loosened to the bolt 5a by turning on / off the operation power switch of the winch 10. When the size of the bolt 5a is small, the nut 5b may be moved by winding the winch 10 with a handle using a handwheel handle instead of an electric motor. In this case, the positional relationship between the winch 10 and the nut of the mechanical device is good at any position.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 8, a chain wheel 13 is attached to the rotating shaft of the drum 7, and the chain wheel 13 and the chain wheel 13 directly attached to one end of the rotating shaft of the electric motor 12 with a speed reducer are endless. It is also possible to connect the drum chain 19 and rotate the drum 7. The power switch of the electric motor 12 can be turned on / off by selecting normal rotation / reverse rotation, and the nut 5b can be easily tightened or loosened to the bolt 5a. When the size of the bolt 5a is small, the nut 5b may be moved by turning the chain wheel 13 by a handle with a handwheel handle.

  By the way, the size such as the inner width and depth of the socket 14 may be determined according to JASO standards, JIS standards, and international standards such as ISO. Socket 14 is based on hexagonal bolts, but other special bolts and nuts such as square bolts and hexagon socket head bolts can be tightened or loosened by using appropriate sockets or hexagonal wrench. Work is possible easily. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 9, the notch shape inside the socket 14 may be a hexagon or a twelve corner, but may be any other socket shape such as a quadrangle or an octagon.

  In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 10, a shape in which a double-sided socket 21 into which a nut 5b can be inserted from both sides of a hollow cylindrical drum 7 is fitted and fixed is also possible. In this case, it is possible to switch between tightening and loosening the nut 5b to the bolt 5a only by reversing the double-sided socket 21, without rewinding the wire 11. That is, one surface of the double-sided socket 21 is a surface that fastens the nut 5b to the bolt 5a, and the opposite surface is a surface that loosens the nut 5b from the bolt 5a.

  The drum 7 with the socket and the drive unit such as the wire 11 or the chain 4 can be integrated or separated. Depending on whether the bolt 5a is large or small, the shape of the mechanical device to which the bolt 5a is fixed, the position and direction of the wrench operating space, etc., the various configurations described above can be freely selected. it can.

  The outer peripheral surface of the drum 7 may be flat and smooth when the wire 11 is short or when the chain 4 is used. When the wire 11 becomes long and winds around the drum 7 four or more times, it is better to make a guide groove that winds around the outer peripheral surface of the drum 7 so that the winding of the wire 11 goes smoothly. The cross-sectional shape of the groove is preferably an arc shape in accordance with the cross-sectional shape of the wire 11.

  Further, when the wire 11 is wound around the drum 7, it is necessary to use a length of the wire 11 that can be completely tightened in a state where the wire 11 is in direct contact with the outer surface of the drum 7. In this way, the torque at the completion of tightening of the nut 5b can be made constant, and the tightening force of the bolt 5a and the nut 5b becomes constant.

  It is preferable that a dam-like weir 16 is provided on both edges of the outer periphery of the drum 7 so that the wire 11 does not derail. The height of the dam-like weir 16 is preferably about 2 to 4 times the diameter of the wire 11. Further, the angle between the dam-shaped weir 16 and the surface of the drum 7 is basically a right angle or an inclination angle of 90 to 120 degrees, and preferably 90 degrees. It may be inclined within.

[Example 1]
An example of the wrench of the present invention is shown in FIG. Using this wrench, a tightening operation was performed in which the bolt 5a of the screw nominal size M42 was rotated about four times in the space between the spaces. The socket wrench 14 was fitted inside the iron hollow cylindrical drum 7 and fixed by welding. One end of the wire 11 was fixed to the protruding portion 8 of this drum portion, and was wound for 7 turns. Then, after the fixed drum 7 and socket 14 are fitted into the nut 5b, the chain block hook is hooked on the other ring-shaped portion where the wire 11 is not fixed, and the chain of the chain block is wound up. The socket wrench was turned and tightened. The nut 5b could be tightened at once without changing the socket wrench during this operation. The total work time for tightening about 4 nuts 5b was about 1 hour. Further, the tightening torque of the nut 5b was almost constant, and the tightening could be completed.

[Comparative Example 1]
On the other hand, the same operation was performed by the conventional method shown in FIG. In this case, only the spectacle wrench 1 with a short handle 6 could be used because of the tightening operation in the space between the mechanical devices. For this reason, the hook 3 was hung on the hole 2 where the hook 3 of the chain block was hung on the handle 6, and the nut 5b was turned while winding the chain 4 of the chain block. In this method, the rotation angle of the nut 5b is limited to about 45 degrees in the winding operation per time by the chain 4, and the spectacle wrench 1 is replaced more than 30 times per one nut 5b. The total work time for tightening the four nuts 5b took about two hours, and the work involved in changing the spectacle wrench 1 was complicated.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used for a wrench that is necessary for tightening or loosening a nut to a bolt used in the fields of various mechanical devices and electric devices such as industrial and consumer. In particular, a large nut in a narrow space requires a lot of manpower and time for the tightening or loosening operation. Therefore, it is very effective if the present invention is applied and applied.

It is a side view which shows the tightening or loosening operation | work state of the nut to the volt | bolt by the socket wrench of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the tightening or loosening operation | work state of the nut to the volt | bolt by the socket wrench of this invention. It is a top view of the state of the volt | bolt nut which exists in the gaps, such as H-shaped steel. It is the schematic of the method of tightening | tightening or loosening a nut to the large sized bolt with the conventional spectacles wrench. It is the schematic in the case of using a chain block as a drive source in the tightening or loosening operation of the nut to the bolt by the socket wrench of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a schematic view when a chain block using a pulley is used as a drive source in the tightening or loosening operation of a nut to a bolt by the socket wrench of the present invention. It is the schematic in the case of using the electric motor with a reduction gear as an electric winch as a drive source in the tightening or loosening operation of the nut to the bolt by the socket wrench of the present invention. It is the schematic in the case of using the chain wheel together and using the electric motor with a reduction gear as the drive source in the tightening or loosening operation of the nut to the bolt with the socket wrench of the present invention. In the socket wrench of this invention, it is the schematic of what a socket shape is a hexagon shape and a dodecagon shape. In the socket wrench of this invention, when both surfaces become a socket, it is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows the tightening or loosening operation | work state of the nut to the volt | bolt by this socket wrench. In the socket wrench of this invention, it is sectional drawing in case a socket is the same length as a drum. In the socket wrench of this invention, it is sectional drawing when a socket is longer than a drum.

Explanation of symbols

1 Short Eyeglass Wrench 2 Handle Hole 3 Chain Block Hook 4 Chain 5a Bolt 5b Nut 5c Second Nut 6 Handle 7 Drum 8 Protrusion 9 Chain Block 10 Winch 11 Wire 12 Electric Motor with Reducer 13 Chain Wheel 14 Socket 15a Washer 15b Spring washer 16 Dam-like weir 19 Drag chain 20 H-shaped steel, U-shaped steel, I-shaped steel, etc. 21 Double-sided socket 22 Pulley

Claims (5)

  A socket wrench fitted inside the hollow cylindrical drum and fixed, a protrusion provided on the outer surface of the drum, one end fixed to the protrusion, and wound around the outer periphery of the drum one or more times And a means for pulling the other end of the opposite side of the wire or chain.   A socket wrench fitted and fixed inside the hollow cylindrical drum, a protrusion provided on the outer peripheral surface of the drum, and one end fixed to the protrusion, and wound around the outer periphery of the drum three times or more. A wrench comprising: a single wire, and means for pulling with a chain in which the other end on the opposite side of the wire is connected to the other end on the opposite side.   The wrench according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the means for pulling the chain is a chain block.   The wrench according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the means for pulling the wire or chain is an electric winch wound up by an electric motor with a reduction gear.   A bolt and nut tightening and loosening method using the wrench according to claim 1.

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