JP2007229583A - Hygroscopic moisture separator and its separation method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To collect droplets by efficiently separating droplets and reducing pressure loss when separating droplets. <P>SOLUTION: This hygroscopic moisture separator is provided with: a steam flow-in pipe 101 into which steam flows; a steam flow-out pipe 102 from which steam flows; an outer flow pipe 105 formed between the steam flow-in pipe 101 and steam flow-out pipe 102; a droplet separating means (e.g. a sintered vane 106) provided in at least one of the steam flow-in pipe 101, steam flow-out pipe 102, and outer flow pipe 105, and separating droplets contained in steam; and a discharge pipe 107 provided outside of at least one of the steam flow-in pipe 101, steam flow-out pipe 102, and outer flow pipe 105, and discharging droplets separated by the sintered vane 106. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a moisture separator for separating moisture and fine particles from a vapor stream and a method for separating the moisture separator.

  As a method for separating moisture and impurity particles from this type of vapor flow, a mechanical separation method is known (for example, see Patent Document 1). As this mechanical separation method, there are a method of centrifuging by giving a swirl, a method of centrifuging by introducing a vapor flow into a bent flow path, a method of filtering through a perforated plate or the like.

As a method for separating magnetic impurity particles, a magnetic separation method is known (see, for example, Patent Document 2). In addition to this, a method using electric force is known.
Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-5522 JP 63-235603 A

  The mechanical type which is the mainstream of the conventional method described above has a large pressure loss in principle regardless of which method is adopted. For this reason, in the case of low-pressure saturated steam, there is a problem that when the pressure is lowered, moisture is increased and the original separation effect may be diminished.

  In addition, the magnetic method can separate impurity particles having magnetism, but there is a problem that nonmagnetic impurities and moisture cannot be separated.

  Furthermore, in the case of the electric type, there is almost no separation effect in the dielectric polarization, and in the case of the corona discharge type, it is necessary to expose the needle-like electrode in the vapor flow. In this high-temperature and high-speed steam flow, there were problems in terms of electrode durability and soundness.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and in order to separate moisture and impurity fine particles from the vapor flow, a centrifugal force is applied to the vapor flow, and the flow path shape is changed, thereby efficiently liquid. It is an object of the present invention to provide a moisture separator and a method for separating the same that can separate the droplets in a state in which the droplets are separated and the pressure loss during the droplet separation is reduced.

  In order to achieve the above object, the moisture separator of the present invention is formed between a steam inlet pipe into which steam flows, a steam outlet pipe from which steam flows out, and the steam inlet pipe and the steam outlet pipe. An outer channel pipe, droplet separating means for separating droplets contained in the steam provided in at least one of the steam inlet pipe, the steam outlet pipe and the outer channel pipe, the steam inlet pipe, the steam A discharge pipe that is provided outside at least one of the outflow pipe and the outer flow path pipe and discharges the liquid droplets separated by the liquid droplet separation means.

  In order to achieve the above object, in the moisture separator of the present invention, a steam inflow pipe through which steam flows, a steam outflow pipe through which steam flows out, and a space between the steam inflow pipe and the steam outflow pipe are formed. A steam outlet pipe connection portion discharged from the turbine is a double pipe, and an inner pipe of the double pipe protrudes into a casing of the turbine, and an annular flow path of the double pipe It is characterized by discharging droplets from the section.

  In order to achieve the above object, in the moisture separation method of the present invention, a steam inflow step for inflowing steam through a steam inflow pipe, and the inflow of steam through the outer flow path pipe, A steam outflow step that flows out through a steam outflow pipe connected to the pipe, and a liquid droplet separation that is provided inside at least one of the steam inflow pipe, the steam outflow pipe, and the outer flow path pipe. A droplet separating step for separating the droplets introduced into the means and contained in the steam, and the separated droplets are provided outside at least one of the steam inlet pipe, the steam outlet pipe and the outer channel pipe. And a steam outflow step that flows out through the discharge pipe.

  According to the moisture separator and the separation method of the present invention, by applying centrifugal force to the steam flow or changing the flow path shape, the droplets are efficiently separated and the pressure loss during the droplet separation is reduced. The droplets can be separated under such conditions.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of a moisture separator and a separation method thereof according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Here, the same or similar parts are denoted by common reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.

  FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the configuration of the moisture separator according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the sintered vane arranged at the pipe bending portion of FIG.

  As shown in the figure, the moisture separator has a vertical pipe 101 which is a steam inflow pipe, a horizontal pipe 102 which is a steam outflow pipe, and a bent portion where these pipes are orthogonal to each other. The bent portion is formed from a rectangular flow channel pipe 104 having a rectangular cross-sectional shape connected to the orthogonal pipes 101 and 102 via a rectangular joint 103. A bent outer pipe 105 serving as an outer flow pipe is disposed outside the rectangular flow pipe 104 serving as a steam flow pipe, thereby forming a double pipe structure.

  Sintered vanes 106, which are a plurality of crescent-shaped hollow vanes as droplet separating means, are arranged at intervals along the radius of curvature in the bent portion in the rectangular channel tube 104. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the inner curved surface of the sintered vane 106 is formed of a sintered metal. Further, both end portions of the sintered vane 106 in the longitudinal direction communicate with the inside of the bent portion outer tube 105 outside the rectangular flow channel tube 104. Further, a drain pipe 107 as a discharge pipe is provided at the bottom of the bent outer pipe 105, and drainage is performed through the drain pipe 107.

  In the present embodiment configured as described above, the steam 108 flowing from the vertical pipe 101 enters the rectangular flow path pipe 104, and the descending steam receives a centrifugal force by being bent from the vertical flow to the horizontal flow 109. Droplets and fine particles 114 having a high density flow along the sintered metal surface 113 on the inner curved surface of the sintered vane by the centrifugal force. For this reason, the droplets and fine particles 114 pass through the sintered metal 113 and enter the sintered vane 106, and flow out from the droplet outlet holes 112 at both ends of the sintered vane 106. The collected droplets 110 collected here are drained from the drain pipe 107 at the bottom of the bent outer pipe 105.

  According to the present embodiment, by passing through the sintered vane 106, the droplets and impurity particles are efficiently separated from the vapor flow, and the droplets and impurity particles are removed in a state in which the pressure loss of the droplet separation is reduced. Can be eliminated.

  FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the configuration of the moisture separator according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, a sintered tapered tube 123 is provided instead of the sintered vane 106 of the first embodiment.

  As shown in the figure, the moisture separator has a steam inlet pipe 121 and a steam outlet pipe 122 below the steam inlet pipe 121. Between the steam inflow pipe 121 and the steam outflow pipe 122, a sintered taper pipe 123, which is a droplet separating means formed of sintered metal that narrows along the descending direction, is connected. A droplet collecting tube 124 that is an outer channel tube is disposed outside the sintered taper tube 123 to form a double tube structure. A droplet drainage pipe 125 that is a discharge pipe for discharging the collected droplets 128 is provided at the bottom of the droplet collection tube 124.

  In the present embodiment, droplets and impurity particles contained in the steam 126 that flows in from the steam inflow pipe 121 adhere to the tube wall of the steam inflow pipe 121 and flow as a liquid film 127. The liquid film 127 is sucked into the sintered tube of the sintered taper tube 123 by the channel narrowing action of the sintered taper tube 123. The sucked droplets and impurity particles are collected by draining from a droplet drain tube 125 provided at the bottom of a droplet trap tube 124 provided outside the sintered taper tube 123.

  According to the present embodiment, the liquid droplets and impurity particles are efficiently separated from the vapor flow by passing through the sintered tapered tube 123, and the liquid droplets and impurity particles are removed in a state where the pressure drop of the liquid droplet separation is reduced. Can be eliminated.

  FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the configuration of the moisture separator according to the third embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, a spiral notch 203 is provided in place of the sintered vane 106 of the first embodiment.

  As shown in the figure, the moisture separator has a vertical pipe 101 whose upstream side is a steam inlet pipe and whose downstream side is a steam outlet pipe. A part of the intermediate portion of the vertical pipe 101 is constituted by an inner pipe 201 and an outer pipe 202 which is an outer flow path pipe, and has a double pipe structure. The upper and lower ends of the outer tube 202 are fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the inner tube 201 in a watertight manner. A spiral notch 203 serving as a droplet separating means is provided along the tube wall of the inner tube 201 surrounded by the outer tube 202. Further, a spiral projection 204 having a spiral shape projecting inside the inner tube 201 is provided along the lower end of the spiral notch 203. A liquid drop drain pipe 205 as a discharge pipe is provided below the outer pipe 202.

  In the present embodiment configured as described above, liquid droplets and impurity particles contained in the vapor 206 flowing in the inner tube 201 adhere to the tube wall of the inner tube 201 to form a liquid film 207. The liquid film 207 flows along the upper surface of the spiral protrusion 204. Centrifugal force acts on the liquid film 207, passes through the spiral cutout 203 along the spiral projection 204, and is discharged out of the inner tube 201 as indicated by an arrow 208. The discharged droplet 207 is drained from a droplet drain pipe 205 provided at the lower part of the outer pipe 202.

  According to the present embodiment, the droplets and impurity particles are efficiently separated from the vapor flow by passing through the spiral notch 203, and further, the pressure drop of the droplet separation is reduced and the droplets and impurity particles are reduced. Can be eliminated.

  FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the configuration of the moisture separator according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, a through hole 211 is provided instead of the spiral notch 203 of the third embodiment.

  As shown in the figure, the moisture separator has a vertical pipe 101 whose upstream side is a steam inlet pipe and whose downstream side is a steam outlet pipe. A part of the middle part of the vertical pipe 101 is constituted by an inner pipe 209 and an outer pipe 210 which is an outer flow path pipe, and has a double pipe structure. The upper and lower ends of the outer tube 210 are fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the inner tube 209 in a watertight manner. A plurality of through holes 211 are provided in the tube wall of the inner tube 209 surrounded by the outer tube 210. Further, a protruding spiral projection 212 is provided inside the inner tube 209 along a part of the plurality of through holes 211. A droplet drain pipe 213 that is a discharge pipe is provided below the outer pipe 210.

  In the present embodiment configured as described above, liquid droplets and impurity particles contained in the vapor 206 flowing in the inner tube 209 adhere to the tube wall of the inner tube 209 to form a liquid film 207. The liquid film 207 flows along the upper surface of the spiral protrusion 212. Further, centrifugal force acts on the liquid film 207, passes through a part of the plurality of through holes 211, and is discharged out of the inner tube 209. The discharged droplets are drained to a liquid recovery line (not shown) from a droplet drain pipe 213 provided at the lower part of the outer pipe 210.

  According to the present embodiment, separation of moisture from the steam flow is promoted through the plurality of through holes 211 provided in the tube wall of the inner tube 209.

  FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the configuration of the moisture separator according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. . In this embodiment, a hollow vane 216 is provided instead of the sintered vane 106 of the first embodiment, and the same or similar parts as those of the first embodiment are denoted by common reference numerals. Therefore, redundant explanation is omitted.

  As shown in this figure, the moisture separator is composed of a vertical pipe 101 which is a steam inflow pipe, a horizontal pipe 102 which is a steam outflow pipe, and a bent steam flow path pipe 214 in which these pipes are orthogonal to each other. The A liquid collecting pipe 215 which is an outer channel pipe is arranged outside the bent steam channel pipe 214 to form a double pipe structure.

  A plurality of crescent-shaped hollow vanes 216 serving as droplet separating means are arranged at intervals along the radius of curvature at the bent portion of the bent steam channel pipe 214. The inside of the hollow vane 216 is hollow. A plurality of notches 217 for guiding droplets to the hollow portion of the hollow vane 216 are provided. A protrusion 218 is arranged along one side of the notch 217. Further, a droplet drain pipe 219 that is a discharge pipe is provided at the bottom of the liquid collecting pipe 215, and drainage is performed via the droplet drain pipe 219.

  In the present embodiment configured as described above, the steam 220 flowing from the vertical pipe 101 enters the bent steam channel pipe 214, and the descending steam receives a centrifugal force by being bent from the vertical flow to the horizontal flow. Moisture in the steam flow 220 becomes droplets or a liquid film due to the centrifugal force of the bent portion and adheres to the wall surface of the hollow vane 216. This liquid is received by the protrusion 218 and introduced into the hollow vane 216 via the notch 217. The liquid introduced into the hollow vane 216 flows in the longitudinal direction of the hollow vane 216 as indicated by an arrow 220 and is collected in the liquid collection tube 215 as shown in FIG. The collected liquid flows out through a drain pipe 219 to a collection line (not shown).

  According to the present embodiment, by passing through the hollow vane 216, the droplets and impurity particles are efficiently separated from the vapor flow, and the droplets and impurity particles are excluded in a state where the pressure loss of the droplet separation is suppressed. can do.

  FIG. 9 shows a moisture separator according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention, and is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. In this embodiment, an inclined hollow vane 221 is provided instead of the hollow vane 216 of the fifth embodiment, and the same or similar parts as those of the fifth embodiment are denoted by common reference numerals. Therefore, the duplicate description is omitted.

  As shown in FIGS. 7 and 9, the moisture separator is composed of a vertical pipe 101 that is a steam inflow pipe, a horizontal pipe 102 that is a steam outflow pipe, and a bent steam channel pipe 214 in which these pipes are orthogonal to each other. Have. A liquid collecting pipe 215 which is an outer channel pipe is arranged outside the bent steam channel pipe 214 to form a double pipe structure.

  A plurality of crescent-shaped convex hollow vanes 221 serving as droplet separating means are arranged at intervals along the radius of curvature at the bent portion of the bent steam channel pipe 214. The inclined hollow vane 221 has a hollow inside, similar to the hollow vane 216 of the fifth embodiment. The longitudinal direction of the hollow vane is a convex shape inclined in the direction of gravity action. A plurality of notches 222 are provided in the inclined hollow vane 221 for guiding droplets to the hollow portion. A protrusion 223 is arranged along one side of the notch 222.

  In the present embodiment, since the liquid guided into the inclined hollow vane 221 is inclined downward, it can be smoothly bent as indicated by an arrow 224 and flow out of the steam channel pipe 214 by gravity. .

According to the present embodiment, the liquid droplets and impurity particles are efficiently separated from the vapor flow by passing through the inclined hollow vane 221 and further the pressure drop of the liquid droplet separation is suppressed. Can be eliminated.

  FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the configuration of the bent steam flow path pipe of the moisture separator according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC in FIG. FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing the separation blade 301 arranged in the bent steam flow path pipe of FIG. In this embodiment, a separating blade 301 is provided instead of the sintered vane 106 of the first embodiment, and the same or similar parts as those of the first embodiment are denoted by common reference numerals. Therefore, redundant explanation is omitted.

  As shown in the figure, the moisture separator is composed of a vertical pipe 101 which is a steam inflow pipe, a horizontal pipe 102 which is a steam outflow pipe, and a bent steam channel pipe which is an outer channel pipe in which these pipes are orthogonal to each other. 104. Inside the bent steam channel tube 104, a plurality of separation blades 301 having curved surfaces as droplet separation means are arranged substantially in parallel. This separation blade 301 is installed at an angle of approximately 90 ° along the curve of the bent steam flow pipe 104 of the pipe, and is further twisted with respect to a horizontal section perpendicular thereto. A slit 303 for capturing a liquid film is provided along the twist of the separation blade 301. A plurality of rectifying plates 304 are provided along the separation blade 301 in the straight pipe portion immediately upstream of the separation blade 301.

  In the present embodiment, the steam containing moisture flowing into the vertical pipe 101 is rectified by the rectifying plate 304 and introduced into the separation blade 301. The steam introduced into the separation blade 301 is subjected to centrifugal force in the bending direction by the blades of the separation blade 301 to form a liquid film on the blade surface. Since this liquid film flows along the twisting direction on the separation blade 301, the liquid film can be captured through the slit 303 provided along the twist.

  According to the present embodiment, the droplets and impurity particles are efficiently separated from the vapor flow by passing through the separation blade 301, and the droplets and impurity particles are efficiently captured in a state where the pressure loss of the droplet separation is reduced. can do.

  FIG. 13 is a schematic front view showing the configuration of the high-pressure turbine section in the moisture separator according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 14 is a view taken along the direction of arrows DD in FIG. FIG. 15 is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional view showing the steam outlet pipe connection portion of FIG. 13, and FIG. 16 is a schematic plan view showing the upper portion of the high-pressure turbine casing shown in FIG. is there.

  As shown in the figure, the moisture separator is composed of a high-pressure turbine section. This high-pressure turbine section has two high-pressure turbine casings 401 and two steam inlet pipes 403 into which high-pressure steam is introduced into each of the two high-pressure turbine casings 401. Each of the two high-pressure turbine casings 401 incorporates a turbine 404 that is rotated by the introduced steam. Further, two steam outlet pipes 402 through which the steam expanded by rotating the turbine 404 flows out are provided at locations facing the steam inlet pipe 403 of the high-pressure turbine casing 401.

  As shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, a steam outlet pipe 402 is provided so as to protrude inside the high-pressure turbine casing 401. That is, the connection part between the steam outlet pipe 402 and the high-pressure turbine casing 401 has a double pipe structure, and an annular flow path part 409 is formed. As described above, the vapor outlet pipe 402 is protruded from the liquid film so that the liquid film hardly flows out to the vapor outlet pipe 402. Further, the moisture that has become a liquid film is temporarily stored in the annular channel portion 409 of the double pipe. The moisture stored in the annular flow path portion 409 is discharged to the separation drain pipe 408 via the moisture separation tank 407.

  In the present embodiment, high-pressure steam is introduced into the high-pressure turbine casing 401 via the steam inlet pipe 403. This high-pressure steam expands by rotating a turbine 404 provided inside the high-pressure turbine casing 401. The low-pressure steam flows out through the steam outlet pipe 402, and moisture is discharged through the annular flow path portion 409 provided in the outer ring of the steam outlet pipe 402.

  According to the present embodiment, droplets and impurity particles are efficiently separated from the vapor flow by passing through the high-pressure turbine section, and the droplets and impurity particles are efficiently captured in a state where the pressure loss of the droplet separation is reduced. can do.

  17 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an upper end structure of the steam outlet pipe of FIG.

  As shown in the figure, the steam in the high-pressure turbine casing 401 is swirling in the rotation direction of the turbine 404. The liquid film and droplets that are moisture together with the steam also swirl in the turbine rotation direction, and the liquid film that flows while adhering to the surface in the high-pressure turbine casing 401 is biased.

  According to the present embodiment, the tip of the steam outlet pipe 402 protruding from the liquid film is formed in an inclined state. That is, inflow of moisture into the steam outlet pipe is reduced by increasing the protruding height of the steam outlet pipe on the side facing the rotating steam. This is because the density of droplets or liquid film, which is moisture, is higher than that of steam, so that the inertia of moisture is greater than that of steam, and it is difficult to wrap around the steam outlet pipe.

  18 is a front view showing a part of the moisture separator according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 19 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the path of one small flow path in FIG. 20 is a horizontal sectional view showing a connection state between the plurality of small flow paths and the connection portion in FIG. 18, and FIG. 21 shows a connection state between the plurality of small flow paths and the connection portion in FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view shown. In this embodiment, a steam partition plate 506 is provided in place of the sintered vane 106 of the first embodiment.

  As shown in the figure, the moisture separator includes a vertical pipe 501 that is a steam inflow pipe, a horizontal pipe 502 that is a steam outflow pipe, and a pipe bent portion 503 that is an outer flow path pipe in which these pipes are orthogonal to each other. Consists of A small flow path 507 is formed in the pipe bending portion 503 by being divided by a plurality of vapor partition plates 506 serving as droplet separation means along the curvature radius direction.

  In this embodiment mode, the steam 510 flowing from the vertical pipe 501 enters the plurality of small flow paths 507. The steam descending these small flow paths 507 is subjected to centrifugal force by being bent from a vertical flow to a horizontal flow.

  As shown in FIG. 19, the droplet 517 having a high density flows along the outer inner wall of the small flow path bend 513 by centrifugal force. The liquid film generated by the liquid droplets 517 has a liquid film guide plate provided at the connection portion 504 between the bent portion 503 and the horizontal pipe 502 due to the shape of the vapor partition plate 506 having a convex shape at the center. Flows along 515. The droplets flow out to the liquid film collecting unit 505 via the collecting hole 508 formed in the connection unit 504. The discharged liquid droplets 517 are discharged through a discharge pipe 509 provided at the lower end of the liquid film collecting unit 505, whereby moisture in the vapor can be excluded.

  According to the present embodiment, the droplets and impurity particles are efficiently separated from the vapor flow by passing through the vapor partition plate 506, and the droplets and impurity particles are efficiently separated in a state where the pressure loss of the droplet separation is reduced. Can capture well.

  Here, the loss at the time of moisture separation will be described.

  FIG. 22 is a front view showing the structure of the steam inlet portion of FIG.

  The loss at the time of moisture separation in the ninth embodiment causes rapid expansion and contraction of the flow path due to the inlet and outlet portions, the steam partition plate, the thin tube support plate, and the connection portion with the thin tubes. Compared to other piping parts, the pressure loss ratio here occupies most (about 60%). When the plate and the pipe are simply joined, it is known that the pressure loss coefficient of this portion is 0.5 to 0.4. For example, as shown in this figure, the pressure loss coefficient can be reduced to about 1/10 by using a shape like a bell mouth 522 provided on the steam partition plate 523. That is, the pressure loss can be reduced with the same collection efficiency. Although the bell mouth 522 is shown in this embodiment mode, corners can be rounded.

  The formation of the hydrophilic film according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  As shown in the figure, the moisture separator is composed of a vertical pipe 501, a horizontal pipe 502, and a pipe bent portion 503 in which these pipes are orthogonal to each other. A small flow path 507 is formed in the pipe bending portion 503 by being divided by a plurality of steam partition plates 506 along the curvature radius direction.

In the present embodiment, a hydrophilic film is formed on the inner surface of the member that forms the small flow path 507. When a surface coated with an oxide semiconductor as the hydrophilic material is used, the surface of the oxide semiconductor is excited by radiation in the nuclear reactor and becomes super hydrophilic. Examples of the metal oxide that forms this hydrophilic film include TiO ₂ , PbO, BaTiO ₃ , Bi ₂ O ₃ , ZnO, WO ₃ , SrTiO ₃ , Fe ₂ O ₃ , FeTiO ₃ , KTaO ₃ , MnTiO ₃ , SnO _{2 and the} like. Is used.

  In the present embodiment, by forming a hydrophilic film, a uniform liquid film can be formed on the inner surface of the tube forming the small flow path 507. Thus, the phenomenon that the amount of liquid droplets is very small and a streaky liquid flow is generated on the inner surface of the tube and the liquid is not uniformly removed to the outer tube wall through a plurality of small diameter holes is greatly improved. Further, since the liquid is uniformly removed from the plurality of small diameter holes, the liquid component can be efficiently separated.

  FIG. 23 is a front view showing a part of the moisture separator according to the eleventh embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 24 is an explanatory view showing one capillary tube of the separation capillary tube of FIG. (A) is the longitudinal cross-sectional view, (b) is the bottom view which shows the discharge hole of the bottom part.

  As shown in the figure, the moisture separator includes a vertical pipe 601 that is a steam inflow pipe, a horizontal pipe 602 that is a steam outflow pipe, and a pipe bent portion 603 that is an outer channel pipe in which these pipes are orthogonal to each other. Have. In this pipe bending portion 603, a separation thin tube 605 is mounted along the inner wall of the tube. The separation thin tube 605 has a thin tube 604 in which a plurality of separation thin tubes are bundled. A discharge hole 606 made up of a plurality of small-diameter holes serving as discharge means is formed in the tube wall of the bent portion outer side 614 of the thin tube 604. A vapor partition plate 607 and a thin tube support plate 608 are provided at both ends of the separation thin tube 605 to suppress the flow of the gap of the thin tube 604 and to support the thin tube 604. The narrow pipe 604 and the vertical pipe 601 or the horizontal pipe 602 which are outer pipes are connected by welding via a steam partition plate 607 and a thin tube support plate 608. Further, a pressure equalizing hole 610 is formed in the upper portion of the thin tube support plate 608 to equalize the pressure with the downstream side of the steam outflow.

  In this embodiment mode, the steam 611 flowing from the vertical pipe 601 enters the separation capillary 605. This vapor is divided into a plurality of thin tubes 604 and descends at the upper part of the separation tube 605, and receives a centrifugal force by being bent from a vertical flow to a horizontal flow. By receiving this centrifugal force, the liquid droplets and fine particles 617 having a high density flow along the inner wall of the outer side of the narrow tube portion 614. The liquid film and fine particles 617 flowing in this manner flow out from the discharge hole 606 formed in the narrow tube bent portion outer side 614. The discharged liquid film and fine particles 617 are discharged from a discharge pipe 609 provided at the lower end of the pipe bent portion 603, whereby liquid droplets containing moisture and impurity particles in the vapor can be eliminated.

  According to the present embodiment, the liquid droplets and impurity particles are efficiently separated from the vapor flow by passing through the separation thin tube 605, and further, the liquid droplets and impurity particles are reduced under reduced pressure drop of liquid droplet separation. Can be eliminated.

  FIGS. 25A and 25B are explanatory views showing a modification example of the narrow tube of FIG. 23, in which FIG. 25A is a longitudinal sectional view thereof, and FIG. 25B is a bottom view showing a discharge hole at the bottom thereof. FIG. 25 is provided with a discharge hole 618 formed by providing a folding claw 620 instead of the discharge hole 606 of FIG. 24. The same or similar parts as those in FIG. The duplicated explanation is omitted.

  As shown in this figure, the separation thin tube 605 has a thin tube 604 configured by bundling a plurality of tubes. A discharge hole 618, which is a discharge means, is formed in the tube wall of the bent portion outer side 614 of the thin tube 604. The discharge hole 618 is formed by forming a folding claw 620 by making a cut of the U-shaped portion in the tube wall of the bent portion outer side 614 of the thin tube, and further folding the folding claw 620 into the inside of the thin tube 604. Yes.

  In this embodiment, the vapor 611 is divided into a plurality of thin tubes 604 and descends at the upper part of the separation thin tube 605, and receives a centrifugal force by being bent from a vertical flow to a horizontal flow. By receiving this centrifugal force, the liquid droplets and fine particles 617 having a high density flow along the inner wall of the outer side of the narrow tube portion 614. The liquid film and fine particles 617 flowing in this way are guided to the folding claws 620 formed with the cuts of the U-shaped portions and flow out from the discharge holes 618. The discharged liquid film and fine particles 617 are discharged from the discharge pipe 609 provided at the lower end of the pipe bent portion 603, whereby liquid droplets containing moisture and impurity particles in the vapor can be eliminated.

  According to the present embodiment, by providing the folding claw 620 formed with the cut-out of the character-shaped portion, the droplets and impurity particles are efficiently separated from the vapor flow, and the pressure loss of the droplet separation is further reduced. Droplets and impurity particles can be eliminated under reduced conditions.

  FIG. 26 is an explanatory view showing a modified example of the thin tube 604 of the separation thin tube 605 of FIG. 23, (a) is a bottom view showing a discharge hole at the bottom, and (b) shows another discharge hole at the bottom. FIG. FIG. 26 is formed by changing the hole diameter or arrangement of the discharge holes 606 of FIG. 24 and the discharge holes 618 of FIG. 25 along the steam flow, and is the same or similar to FIG. 24 and FIG. A common reference numeral is assigned to each to omit redundant description.

  As shown in the figure, the separation thin tube 605 is configured by bundling a plurality of thin tubes 604. A discharge hole 606 or a discharge hole 618, which is a discharge means, is formed in the tube wall of the bent portion outer side 614 of the narrow tube 604. The discharge holes 606 and the discharge holes 618 on the downstream side of the upstream side of the steam flow are formed with smaller diameters. Further, the arrangement of the discharge holes 606 and the discharge holes 618 on the downstream side from the upstream side of the steam flow is formed densely.

  According to the present embodiment, by reducing the diameter of the discharge holes downstream from the upstream side of the steam flow or by forming the arrangement of the discharge holes close together, the amount of steam when discharging droplets / fine particles is suppressed. And the efficiency of separating droplets and impurity particles from the vapor stream can be improved.

  FIG. 27 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a part of the moisture separator according to the twelfth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 28 is a sectional view of the moisture separator of FIG. 27 taken along the line E-E. It is the cross-sectional view seen from.

  As shown in the figure, the moisture separator has a horizontal pipe 701 that is a steam inflow pipe and a vertical pipe 702 that is a steam outflow pipe. The horizontal pipe 701 and the vertical pipe 702 are connected via an outer channel pipe 707. The outer flow path pipe 707 is configured to correspond to a structure in which the vertical pipe 702 and the horizontal pipe 701 are orthogonal to each other and the axial centers of the horizontal pipe 701 and the vertical pipe 702 are shifted. Inside the vertical pipe 702, a droplet collection box 703 which is a droplet separating means is installed. A discharge pipe 704 that penetrates the vertical pipe 702 is attached to the droplet collection box 703 by welding.

  In this embodiment configured as described above, the steam 705 is introduced from the horizontal pipe 701 to the vertical pipe 702. Since the horizontal pipe 701 and the vertical pipe 702 are misaligned, the steam 705 rising up the vertical pipe 702 becomes a flow 705 swirled by centrifugal force. Due to the swirling steam flow 705, droplets and fine particles having a high density rise along the inner wall of the vertical pipe 702 by centrifugal force. These droplets coalesce to form a liquid film and rise on the inner wall. The liquid film and the fine particles rising along the inner wall are collected by a droplet collection box 703 provided on the inner wall of the vertical pipe 702 and led out as drainage 706 through a discharge pipe 704.

  According to the present embodiment, the horizontal pipe 701 and the vertical pipe 702 are configured by shifting the axis so that droplets and impurity particles are efficiently separated from the vapor flow, and the pressure loss of the droplet separation is further reduced. It is possible to eliminate droplets and impurity particles under.

  FIG. 29 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of a modification of the vertical pipe 702 of FIG. In FIG. 29, a pipe 708 is provided in the vertical pipe 702 of FIG. 27, and the same or similar parts as in FIG.

  As shown in the figure, the moisture separator has a horizontal pipe 701 and a vertical pipe 702. The horizontal pipe 701 and the vertical pipe 702 are connected via an outer channel pipe 707. The outer flow path pipe 707 is configured to correspond to a structure in which the horizontal pipe 701 and the vertical pipe 702 are orthogonal to each other and the axial centers of the horizontal pipe 701 and the vertical pipe 702 are shifted. An expanded pipe 708 is provided at the other end of the vertical pipe 702. The expansion tube 708 is provided with a droplet collection box 703. The distance 703a between the protruding portions protruding into the pipe of the droplet collection box 703 is substantially the same as the inner diameter of the vertical pipe 702.

  According to the present embodiment, the mainstream steam 705 is reduced from colliding with the droplet collection box 703, so that the pressure loss can be reduced. Further, since the liquid film and fine particles flowing along the inner wall of the vertical pipe 702 are reduced from being exposed to the main flow (steam flow), they are not mixed again into the main flow, and droplets and impurity particles are removed from the vapor flow. It can be separated efficiently.

  30 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a part of another modification of the vertical pipe of FIG.

  As shown in the figure, the moisture separator has a horizontal pipe 701 and a vertical pipe 702. The horizontal pipe 701 and the vertical pipe 702 are connected via an outer channel pipe 707. The outer flow path pipe 707 is configured to correspond to a structure in which the vertical pipe 702 and the horizontal pipe 701 are orthogonal to each other and the axial centers of the horizontal pipe 701 and the vertical pipe 702 are shifted. This vertical pipe 702 is connected to a pipe having the same outer diameter and a small pipe thickness. That is, the expanded pipe 709 having a larger pipe inner diameter by changing the pipe thickness without changing the outer diameter of the vertical pipe 702 is disposed. An inclined ring 709a is built in to eliminate a step in the inner diameter of the pipe between the vertical pipe 702 and the expanded pipe 709.

  According to this embodiment, by providing the expanded pipe 709 having a larger pipe inner diameter by changing the pipe thickness without changing the pipe outer diameter, the collision of the vapor flow 705 with the droplet collection box 703 is reduced. be able to. Thus, it is possible to efficiently separate droplets and impurity particles from the vapor stream and at a low cost.

  FIG. 31 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a part of another modification of the vertical pipe shown in FIG. FIG. 31 is provided with at least one stage of the droplet collection box 703 in FIG. 27, and the same or similar parts as in FIG.

  As shown in this figure, a plurality of droplet collection boxes 703 in FIG. 27 are provided. Here, a two-stage droplet collection box 703 is illustrated.

  According to this embodiment, by providing a plurality of stages of droplet collection boxes 703, it is possible to efficiently separate droplets and impurity particles from the vapor flow and further improve the collection efficiency.

  FIG. 32 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a moisture separator according to a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 32, an orifice 710 is provided instead of the droplet collection box 703 of FIG. 27, and the same or similar parts as in FIG.

  As shown in the figure, the moisture separator has a horizontal pipe 701 that is a steam inflow pipe and a vertical pipe 702 that is a steam outflow pipe. The horizontal pipe 701 and the vertical pipe 702 are connected via a droplet collection box 707 which is an outer channel pipe. The horizontal pipe 701 and the vertical pipe 702 are orthogonal to each other, but the horizontal pipe 701 and the vertical pipe 702 are arranged in a coaxial state.

  Inside the horizontal pipe 701 is provided an orifice 710 having a blade-shaped cross section as a droplet separating means. The outer diameter of the orifice 710 is smaller than the inner diameter of the horizontal pipe 701. For this purpose, the steam 705 flows inside and outside the orifice 710. A droplet trap 713 for collecting droplets and discharging them to the outside of the pipe 701 is provided behind the orifice 710. A discharge pipe 714 is attached below the droplet collection box 707 and below the droplet trap 713.

  The blade shape of the orifice 710 is desirably an optimum shape depending on the piping shape and the flow state. The cross-sectional shape of the wing 710a is illustrated in FIG. (A) is a wing 710a having a convex surface on both sides, (b) is a wing 710a having a convex surface on one side and a flat surface on the other side, and (c) and (d) are cross sections of an orifice 710 whose cross-sectional shapes are opposite to each other. The shape, (e) shows the cross-sectional shape of the orifices 710 in which the blades have the same cross-sectional shape.

  In the present embodiment configured as described above, the droplet 711 in the steam 705 flowing in the horizontal pipe 701 is collected in a lower pressure due to a pressure difference generated inside and outside the orifice 710. Further, the droplet 711 that collides with the orifice 710 flows while forming a liquid film 712 on the surface of the orifice 710, and smoothly flows away from the rear edge of the orifice 710. The droplets 711 collected in this way are collected by a droplet trap 713 behind the orifice 712. The collected droplets 711 are discharged from the discharge pipe 714 to the outside of the horizontal pipe 701 via the droplet collection box 707.

  According to the present embodiment, by providing the orifice 710, the droplets and impurity particles are efficiently separated from the vapor flow, and the droplets and impurity particles are eliminated under the condition that the pressure loss of the droplet separation is reduced. be able to.

  FIG. 34 is an explanation of the orifice of FIG. 32, and (a) to (e) are cross-sectional views showing a modification in which a plurality of orifices 710 are provided.

  As shown in this figure, a plurality of orifices 710 in FIG. 32 are provided. Here, a two-stage or five-stage orifice 710 is illustrated.

  FIG. 34 shows an example of the orifice 710 installed in a plurality of stages. (A) shows an example in which two stages of orifices 710 having the same shape are provided, (b) shows an example in which two stages of different orifices 710 are provided, and (c) shows five stages of orifices 710 having different sizes. Examples of installation, (d) and (e), show examples in which a small-diameter orifice 710 is installed in a large-diameter orifice 710.

  Further, the blade shape of the orifice 710 does not need to have a constant inclination with respect to the flow direction of the steam, and depending on the pipe shape, the flow state, etc., for example, the orifice 710 having blade shapes having different inclinations in the orifice cross-sectional shape. Of course, the blade shapes of the plurality of orifices 710 may have different inclinations.

  According to this embodiment, by providing a plurality of stages of orifices 710, it is possible to efficiently separate droplets and impurity particles from the vapor flow and further improve the collection efficiency.

  Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and the hydrophilic film may be provided in a liquid contact portion such as a hollow vane, and does not depart from the gist of the present invention. Various modifications can be made.

The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the structure of the moisture separator of the 1st Embodiment of this invention. Sectional drawing which cut | disconnects and shows the AA arrow direction of FIG. The perspective view which shows the sintering vane arrange | positioned at the piping bending part of FIG. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the structure of the moisture separator of the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the structure of the moisture separator of the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the structure of the moisture separator of the 4th Embodiment of this invention. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the structure of the moisture separator of the 5th and 6th embodiment of this invention. Sectional drawing which shows the moisture separator of the 5th Embodiment of this invention, and cut | disconnects and shows the BB arrow direction of FIG. Sectional drawing which shows the moisture separator of the 6th Embodiment of this invention, and cut | disconnects and shows the BB arrow direction of FIG. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the structure of the bending vapor | steam flow path pipe of the moisture separator of the 7th Embodiment of this invention. Sectional drawing which cuts and shows the CC arrow direction of FIG. The perspective view which shows the separation blade arrange | positioned at the bending vapor | steam flow path pipe | tube of FIG. The schematic front view which shows the structure of a high pressure turbine part in the moisture separator of the 8th Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line DD in FIG. 13. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which expands and shows the steam outlet piping connection part of FIG. FIG. 14 is a schematic plan view showing the high pressure turbine casing of FIG. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the upper end structure of the steam outlet piping of FIG. The front view which sees through and shows a part of moisture separator of the 9th and 10th embodiment of this invention. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the path | route of the small flow path of FIG. The horizontal sectional view which shows the connection state of the some small flow path of FIG. 18, and a connection part. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the connection state of the some small flow path of FIG. 18, and a connection part. The front view which shows the structure of the steam inflow part of FIG. The front view which sees through and shows a part of moisture separator of the 11th Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the thin tube of the separation thin tube of FIG. 23, (a) is the longitudinal cross-sectional view, (b) is a bottom view which shows the discharge hole of the bottom part. It is explanatory drawing which shows the modification of the thin tube of the separation thin tube of FIG. 23, (a) is the longitudinal cross-sectional view, (b) is a bottom view which shows the discharge hole of the bottom part. It is explanatory drawing which shows the modification of the thin tube of the separation thin tube of FIG. 23, (a) is a bottom view which shows the discharge hole of the bottom part, (b) is a bottom view which shows the other discharge hole of the bottom part. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which cut | disconnects and shows a part of moisture separator of the 12th Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 28 is a cross-sectional view of the moisture separator of FIG. 27 cut from the EE direction. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which cut | disconnects and shows a part of modification of the vertical piping of FIG. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which cut | disconnects and shows a part of other modification of the vertical piping of FIG. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which cut | disconnects and shows a part of other modification of the vertical piping of FIG. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the moisture separator of the 13th Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 33 is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of the blade shape in the description of the orifice of FIG. 32. 32 is a cross-sectional view showing a modification in which a plurality of orifices are provided in the description of the orifice in FIG. 32.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 101 ... Vertical piping, 102 ... Horizontal piping, 103 ... Rectangular pipe joint, 104 ... Rectangular flow pipe, 105 ... Pipe bending part, 106 ... Sintering vane, 107 ... Drain pipe, 108 ... Steam, 109 ... Steam flow, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 110 ... Collected droplet, 112 ... Droplet outflow pipe, 113 ... Sintered metal part, 114 ... Droplet included in steam, 121 ... Steam inflow piping, 122 ... Steam outflow piping, 123 ... Sintered taper tube, 124 ... Droplet collecting pipe, 125 ... Droplet drain pipe, 126 ... Steam inflow, 127 ... Liquid film, 128 ... Collected liquid drop, 201 ... Inner pipe, 202 ... Outer channel pipe, 203 ... Spiral cutout, 204 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS ... Spiral projection, 209 ... Inner tube, 210 ... Outer tube, 211 ... Through hole, 212 ... Spiral projection, 214 ... Bent steam channel tube, 215 ... Liquid collection tube, 216 ... Hollow vane, 217 ... Notches, 218 ... projections, 221 ... inclined Hollow vane, 301 ... separation blade, 303 ... slit, 304 ... current plate, 401 ... high pressure turbine casing, 402 ... steam outlet piping, 403 ... steam inlet piping, 404 ... turbine, 407 ... moisture separation drain tank, 408 ... separation Drain outlet, 409 ... annular flow path part, 410 ... rotor, 501 ... vertical pipe, 502 ... horizontal pipe, 503 ... pipe bent part, 504 ... pipe connection part, 505 ... liquid film collecting part, 506 ... steam partition plate, 507 ... Small flow path, 508 ... Collection hole, 509 ... Discharge pipe, 510 ... Steam, 513 ... Small flow path bend, 515 ... Liquid film guide plate, 517 ... Droplet, 522 ... Bellmouth, 601 ... Vertical piping , 602 ... Horizontal pipe, 603 ... Pipe bent portion, 604 ... Thin pipe, 605 ... Separation pipe, 606 ... Discharge hole, 607 ... Steam partition plate, 608 ... Thin pipe support plate, 609 ... Discharge 610 ... equal pressure hole, 611 ... steam, 614 ... outside of the bent portion, 617 ... droplet / fine particles, 618 ... discharge hole, 620 ... folding claw, 701 ... horizontal piping, 702 ... vertical piping, 703 ... droplet collection Box, 704 ... Discharge tube, 705 ... Steam, 706 ... Collected droplet, 708 ... Expanded tube, 707 ... Droplet collection box, 709 ... Expanded tube, 710 ... Orifice, 710a ... Wing, 711 ... Droplet, 712 ... liquid film, 713 ... droplet trap.

Claims (20)

A steam inlet pipe through which steam flows, and
A steam outlet pipe through which steam flows out;
An outer channel pipe formed between the steam inlet pipe and the steam outlet pipe,
Droplet separating means for separating the droplets contained in the steam provided in at least one of the steam inlet pipe, the steam outlet pipe and the outer flow path pipe;
A discharge pipe for discharging the droplets separated by the droplet separation means provided outside at least one of the steam inlet pipe, the steam outlet pipe and the outer flow path pipe;
A moisture separator characterized by comprising:   The droplet separation means includes a rectangular channel pipe having a rectangular channel cross section provided in a bent portion provided in the outer channel pipe and orthogonal to the steam inlet pipe and the steam inlet pipe. The moisture separator according to claim 1.   The droplet separating means is configured by installing a plurality of hollow vanes formed of sintered metal with a crescent-shaped inner curved surface along a curvature radius direction at a bent portion of the rectangular channel tube. The moisture separator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the above.   The droplet separating means includes a plurality of hollow vanes installed along the radius of curvature of the rectangular channel pipe and having a hollow structure inside, and a notch for guiding droplets into the hollow interior of the hollow vane. The moisture separator according to claim 1, further comprising: a protrusion disposed along one side of the notch.   The moisture separator according to claim 4, wherein the hollow vane is configured such that a longitudinal direction thereof is inclined in a gravity action direction.   The droplet separation means includes a separation blade having a blade formed by twisting a horizontal section along a radius of curvature at a bent portion of the rectangular flow channel tube, and a straight tube portion immediately upstream of the separation blade. The moisture separator according to claim 1, further comprising a current plate installed along the wing.   The moisture separator according to claim 1 or 6, wherein a hydrophilic film is formed on at least a part of the outer surface of the droplet separating means.   2. The moisture separator according to claim 1, wherein the droplet separating means comprises a tapered tube formed of sintered metal and narrowed in a descending direction for separating a liquid film flow flowing through the tube wall.   The droplet separating means includes a spiral notch provided along the tube wall of the vapor channel tube, and a spiral protrusion provided inside the steam channel tube along the spiral notch. The moisture separator according to claim 1.   The droplet separating means includes a plurality of through holes along the tube wall of the steam channel pipe, and a spiral projection provided inside the steam channel pipe along a part of the through hole. The moisture separator according to claim 1, further comprising:   The droplet separating means includes a steam partition plate that forms a plurality of small channels along a radius of curvature at a bent portion of the outer channel tube, and a collection hole provided on the downstream side of the steam partition plate. The moisture separator according to claim 1, further comprising a liquid film guide plate for guiding the liquid film.   The droplet separation means includes a plurality of thin tubes provided along the radius of curvature at the bent portion of the outer channel tube, and a discharge hole for discharging the separated droplet formed at the bent portion of the thin tube. The moisture separator according to claim 1, further comprising a discharge unit.   The discharge means is provided with a plurality of folding claws formed by making a cut in a U-shaped portion in an outer tube wall of a bent portion of the narrow tube and further folding it into the narrow tube. 12. The moisture separator according to 12.   The discharge means is configured such that the diameter of the discharge hole formed in the outer tube wall of the bent portion of the narrow tube is made smaller on the downstream side than the upstream side of the steam flow, or the arrangement of the discharge holes is arranged on the downstream side of the upstream side of the steam flow. The moisture separator according to claim 12 or 13, wherein the moisture separator is formed densely.   The outer flow path pipe is configured to correspond to a structure in which the steam inflow pipe and the steam outflow pipe are orthogonal to each other and the axial centers of the steam inflow pipe and the steam outflow pipe are shifted from each other. The moisture separator according to claim 1.   The moisture separator according to claim 15, wherein the steam outflow pipe includes an expansion pipe formed by changing the pipe outer diameter or pipe thickness.   2. The moisture separator according to claim 1, wherein the droplet separating means is configured by installing a wing-shaped orifice in the horizontal pipe.   The moisture separator according to claim 1, 15 or 17, wherein the droplet separating means is configured to be installed in at least one stage in the vertical direction of the steam outlet pipe. A steam inlet pipe through which steam flows, and
A steam outlet pipe through which steam flows out;
A turbine formed between the steam inlet pipe and the steam outlet pipe;
Comprising
The steam outlet pipe connection part discharged from the turbine is a double pipe, and the inner pipe of the double pipe protrudes into the casing of the turbine so that the liquid droplets are discharged from the annular flow path part of the double pipe. A moisture separator characterized by being configured. A steam inflow step for introducing steam through the steam inflow piping;
A steam outflow step for outflowing the inflowed steam through an outer channel pipe via a steam outflow pipe connected to the steam inflow pipe;
A droplet separation step of separating the droplets contained in the steam by introducing the introduced steam into droplet separation means provided in at least one of a steam inlet pipe, a steam outlet pipe, and an outer channel pipe When,
A steam outflow step for discharging the separated droplets through a discharge pipe provided outside at least one of the steam inflow pipe, the steam outflow pipe, and the outer flow path pipe;
A moisture separation method comprising the steps of:

Images