JP2006515533A - Swirl tube separator - Google Patents
Swirl tube separator Download PDFInfo
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- JP2006515533A JP2006515533A JP2004523480A JP2004523480A JP2006515533A JP 2006515533 A JP2006515533 A JP 2006515533A JP 2004523480 A JP2004523480 A JP 2004523480A JP 2004523480 A JP2004523480 A JP 2004523480A JP 2006515533 A JP2006515533 A JP 2006515533A
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- gas outlet
- separator
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- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000004606 Fillers/Extenders Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000008247 solid mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000008246 gaseous mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 86
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007792 gaseous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003260 vortexing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
- B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
- B04C5/14—Construction of the underflow ducting; Apex constructions; Discharge arrangements ; discharge through sidewall provided with a few slits or perforations
- B04C5/181—Bulkheads or central bodies in the discharge opening
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
- B04C3/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex flow following a screw-thread type line remains unchanged ; Devices in which one of the two discharge ducts returns centrally through the vortex chamber, a reverse-flow vortex being prevented by bulkheads in the central discharge duct
- B04C3/04—Multiple arrangement thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
- B04C3/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex flow following a screw-thread type line remains unchanged ; Devices in which one of the two discharge ducts returns centrally through the vortex chamber, a reverse-flow vortex being prevented by bulkheads in the central discharge duct
- B04C3/06—Construction of inlets or outlets to the vortex chamber
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
- B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
- B04C5/08—Vortex chamber constructions
- B04C5/103—Bodies or members, e.g. bulkheads, guides, in the vortex chamber
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
- B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
- B04C5/12—Construction of the overflow ducting, e.g. diffusing or spiral exits
- B04C5/13—Construction of the overflow ducting, e.g. diffusing or spiral exits formed as a vortex finder and extending into the vortex chamber; Discharge from vortex finder otherwise than at the top of the cyclone; Devices for controlling the overflow
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
- B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
- B04C5/24—Multiple arrangement thereof
- B04C5/28—Multiple arrangement thereof for parallel flow
Landscapes
- Cyclones (AREA)
- Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
Abstract
管状ハウジング、該ハウジングの一端部に気体−固体混合物導入用軸方向入口、該ハウジングの反対端部に固体出口開口部、及び該ハウジングの端部に設けた同軸方向配置の管状気体出口導管を備えると共に、該管状ハウジングの軸沿いに渦延長器ピンが存在する、気体−固体含有原料からの固体分離用渦巻管分離器。A tubular housing, an axial inlet for introducing a gas-solid mixture at one end of the housing, a solid outlet opening at the opposite end of the housing, and a coaxially arranged tubular gas outlet conduit provided at the end of the housing A vortex tube separator for separating solids from gas-solid containing feedstock, wherein a vortex extender pin is present along the axis of the tubular housing.
Description
本発明は、渦巻管分離器の改良に関する。また本発明は、この改良渦巻管分離器を備えた第三段階分離器用設計の改良にも関する。このような第三段階分離器は、例えば流動触媒分解器（ＦＣＣ）法に使用できる。 The present invention relates to an improvement of a spiral tube separator. The present invention also relates to an improvement in the design for a third stage separator with this improved spiral tube separator. Such a third stage separator can be used, for example, in a fluid catalytic cracker (FCC) process.
発明の背景
膨張タービンの膨張器のような、気体偏向壁を有する流体力学システムに気体を通す必要がある殆どのシステムには、浸食によるシステムの損傷を防止するため、同伴気体から微粉砕固体粒子を除去する必要がある。更に、同伴気体を最終的に大気に排出する必要がある場合は、環境保護の見地から特定物質の除去も重要である。これら環境上の制約から、時には５０ｍｇ／Ｎｍ３未満の放出水準を必要とする。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Most systems that require gas to pass through a hydrodynamic system having a gas deflecting wall, such as an expander of an expansion turbine, may contain finely divided solid particles from entrained gas to prevent system damage due to erosion. Need to be removed. Furthermore, when it is necessary to finally discharge the entrained gas to the atmosphere, it is also important to remove specific substances from the viewpoint of environmental protection. These environmental constraints sometimes require a release level of less than 50 mg / Nm 3 .
同伴気体から微粉砕固体粒子を除去するのに好適な分離器は、例えばＨｙｄｒｏｃａｒｂｏｎ Ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｉｎｇ，１９８５年１月、５１−５４に記載されるような、いわゆる第三段階分離器である。第三段階分離器は、膨張器タービン又は煙道気体ボイラーの直ぐ上流の、流動触媒化した分解器再生器から出る気流中になお存在する微粒子を許容水準まで除去するものである。第三段階分離器は、同伴気体から微粉砕固体粒子を分離する必要がある他の方法にも利用可能であることが見い出された。このような方法の例は、直接鉄還元法、石炭ガス化法、石炭発電装置、及び焼成法、例えばアルミニウム焼成である。 A suitable separator for removing finely divided solid particles from the entrained gas is a so-called third stage separator, as described, for example, in Hydrocarbon Processing, January 1985, 51-54. The third stage separator removes particulates still present in the air stream exiting the flow catalyzed cracker regenerator just upstream of the expander turbine or flue gas boiler to an acceptable level. It has been found that the third stage separator can also be used in other processes where it is necessary to separate finely divided solid particles from the entrained gas. Examples of such methods are the direct iron reduction method, the coal gasification method, the coal power generation device, and the firing method such as aluminum firing.
例えば前述のような第三段階分離器は、平行配置した複数の渦巻管分離器を有する。渦巻管分離器は、固体−気体混合物用軸方向入口を備えた円筒形サイクロンで、例えばＥＰ−Ｂ−３６０３６０、ＵＳ−Ａ−４８６３５００、ＵＳ−Ａ−５６８１４５０、ＧＢ−Ａ−１４１１１３６及びＵＳ−Ａ−３５４１７６６に記載されている。ＥＰ−Ｂ−３６０３６０には、垂直管状ハウジングの上部に軸方向の気体出口管を設けてなり、気体出口管と垂直配置の管状ハウジングとの間の環状空間により軸方向の気体入口手段を付与すると共に、該環状空間に渦巻付与手段を設けたものである。ＥＰ−Ｂ−３６０３６０の図２には、ベースエレメント上にピンを配置してなる渦安定器を有する渦巻管分離器が示されている。渦の下端は、ピンの上で終わっているので、渦は、この環状ハウジングの中心部に維持されるものと考えられる。 For example, the third stage separator as described above has a plurality of spiral tube separators arranged in parallel. The vortex tube separator is a cylindrical cyclone with an axial inlet for a solid-gas mixture, for example EP-B-360360, US-A-4863500, US-A-56881450, GB-A-14111136 and US-A. -3541766. EP-B-360360 is provided with an axial gas outlet tube at the top of the vertical tubular housing, providing axial gas inlet means by an annular space between the gas outlet tube and the vertically arranged tubular housing. In addition, a spiral applying means is provided in the annular space. FIG. 2 of EP-B-360360 shows a vortex tube separator having a vortex stabilizer with pins arranged on a base element. Since the lower end of the vortex ends on the pin, the vortex is thought to be maintained in the center of this annular housing.
このようなサイクロン分離器を、第三段階分離器の場合のように、相当量の固体を含有する原料に使用すると、軸方向非対称の渦展開が起こる恐れのあることが見い出された。このような好ましくない操作の結果、サイクロンは、所要通りに最適に固体を分離できない。更に、サイクロンの管状部分の内側に浸食が観察された。 It has been found that when such a cyclone separator is used on a raw material containing a substantial amount of solid, as in the case of a third stage separator, an axially asymmetric vortex development can occur. As a result of such undesirable operations, the cyclone cannot optimally separate solids as required. Furthermore, erosion was observed inside the cyclone tubular section.
ＵＳ−Ａ−４８１０２６４は、接線方向に設けた気体及び固体用入口を有するサイクロン分離器を開示している。気体出口導管の下には、平板又は円盤状の調節可能な渦安定器が配置され、またこの安定器上には、渦ファインダーが配置されている。この刊行物によれば、渦安定器と気体出口開口部との距離は、気体出口開口部から出る気体の特定量を変化させるように、調節することが多い。 US-A-4810264 discloses a cyclone separator with tangentially provided gas and solid inlets. Below the gas outlet conduit is arranged an adjustable vortex stabilizer in the form of a flat plate or disc, on which a vortex finder is arranged. According to this publication, the distance between the vortex stabilizer and the gas outlet opening is often adjusted to change the specific amount of gas exiting the gas outlet opening.
ＵＳ−Ａ−１７５３５０２は、空気圧集塵機を開示している。この集塵機は、接線方向に配置した気体−固体入口開口部を有するサイクロンからなる。気体出口導管からは、心棒が、気体出口開口部の下に設けた円盤まで延びている。
ＥＰ−Ａ−０５２０４２は、分離器ハウジングの内壁上に固定した耐浸食手段を備える渦巻管分離器を開示している。
US-A-1753502 discloses a pneumatic dust collector. This dust collector consists of a cyclone having a gas-solid inlet opening arranged in a tangential direction. From the gas outlet conduit, a mandrel extends to a disk provided under the gas outlet opening.
EP-A-052042 discloses a vortex tube separator with erosion-resistant means fixed on the inner wall of the separator housing.
ＵＳ−Ａ−４７９５５６１は、接線方向に配置した気体−固体入口、密閉底部を有する円筒形ハウジング及び該ハウジングの底部にバルブを備えたサイクロン分離器を開示している。バルブは、ピンに固定されている。このピンの反対端部は、円筒形ハウジングの上端に存在する気体出口導管中に配置されている。こうして、ピンは、分離器内のバルブとバルブの運動とを機械的に位置決めする。
ＵＳ−Ａ−４０７２４８１は、液体と固体と気体との混合物から気体を分離する装置を開示している。混合物の入口は、接線方向である。ガス状相用出口の下には、上端に板を備えた、いわゆるスタンドが、若干の距離を置いて存在する。
US-A-4072481 discloses an apparatus for separating a gas from a mixture of liquid, solid and gas. The inlet of the mixture is tangential. Under the outlet for the gaseous phase, there is a so-called stand with a plate at the top, at some distance.
本発明の目的は、分離効率を向上すると共に、非対称渦で操作する傾向が少ない渦巻管分離器を提供することである。 It is an object of the present invention to provide a spiral tube separator that improves separation efficiency and is less prone to operate with asymmetric vortices.
発明の概要
本発明は、以下の渦巻管分離器に向けたものである。管状ハウジング、該ハウジングの一端部に気体−固体混合物導入用の渦巻付与手段付き軸方向入口、該ハウジングの反対端部に固体出口開口部、及び該ハウジングの端部に設けた同軸方向配置の管状気体出口導管を備えると共に、該管状ハウジングの軸沿いに渦延長器（ｅｘｔｅｎｄｅｒ）ピンが存在する、気体−固体含有原料からの固体分離用渦巻管分離器。
また本発明は、複数の前記渦巻管分離器からなるマルチ分離器にも向けたものである。また本発明は、この渦巻管分離器及び／又はマルチ分離器の使用法にも向けたものである。
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to the following spiral tube separator. A tubular housing, an axial inlet with a swirling means for introducing a gas-solid mixture at one end of the housing, a solid outlet opening at the opposite end of the housing, and a coaxially arranged tubular provided at the end of the housing A vortex tube separator for separating solids from gas-solid containing feedstock, comprising a gas outlet conduit and having a vortex extender pin along the axis of the tubular housing.
The present invention is also directed to a multi-separator comprising a plurality of the spiral tube separators. The present invention is also directed to the use of the spiral tube separator and / or multi-separator.
発明の詳細な説明
出願人は、前述の渦巻管分離器は、前記ピンを持たない渦巻管分離器よりも一層安定な操作と協力して、分離効率が向上することを見い出した。この安定な操作条件は、ＵＳ−Ａ−５５３８９６及び前述の論文に示されるように、個々の各渦巻管分離器の固体出口開口部が容器の共通の固体収集空間と流動可能に連絡する多数の渦巻管分離器を並列で操作する際にも観察され、有利である。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Applicants have found that the above-described spiral tube separator cooperates with a more stable operation than the spiral tube separator without the pin to improve separation efficiency. This stable operating condition is due to the fact that the solid outlet opening of each individual swirl tube separator is in fluid communication with the common solid collection space of the vessel, as shown in US-A-553896 and the aforementioned paper. It is also observed and advantageous when operating the spiral tube separator in parallel.
管状ハウジングの軸沿いの渦延長器ピンの実際の位置は、ピンが軸の特定長さに沿って延びている限り、臨界的ではない。出願人は、ピンを固体出口開口部及び／又は気体出口開口部に配置しても、或いはピンが、気体出口開口部から固体出口開口部まで延びていてもよいことを見い出した。こうして、２つの別々のピン、管状ハウジングの頂部から延びる１つのピン及び同じく底部から延びる１つのピン、並びに同じく軸沿いの両ピンは、本発明の可能な実施態様とみなすべきである。本発明の渦巻管分離器を用いると、渦が広がって、一層安定に操作するものと思われる。
建造上の観点から、ピンは、気体出口導管の気体入口開口部に配置し、管状ハウジング内まで延ばすと、一層有利である。この場合、ピンは、固定手段により気体出口導管内に好適に固定できる。
The actual position of the vortex extender pin along the axis of the tubular housing is not critical as long as the pin extends along a specific length of the axis. Applicants have found that the pins may be placed in the solid outlet opening and / or the gas outlet opening, or the pin may extend from the gas outlet opening to the solid outlet opening. Thus, two separate pins, one pin extending from the top of the tubular housing and one pin also extending from the bottom, and both pins also along the axis should be considered as possible embodiments of the present invention. When the spiral tube separator of the present invention is used, the vortex spreads and seems to operate more stably.
From a construction point of view, it is more advantageous if the pin is located in the gas inlet opening of the gas outlet conduit and extends into the tubular housing. In this case, the pin can be suitably fixed in the gas outlet conduit by a fixing means.
渦を満足に案内するような最小長さのピンを使用するのが好ましいことが見い出された。軸沿いのピンの長さ（１）は、できるだけ長くてよい。出願人は、ピンの長さ（１）が長いほど、分離効率の向上に有利であることを見い出した。しかし、非常に長いピンは、その長さ沿いに支持しなければ、機械的な損傷を受ける。一方、管状ハウジング中のこのような支持体は、分離効率に悪影響を与えるので、好ましくない。こうして、最大長さは、例えばピン材料の強度、振動傾向、選択したピン支持体の性質により決定する。このため、気体出口導管内から延びるピンは、気体出口導管内だけで固定でき、管状ハウジング内でピン沿いの渦に最小限の撹乱が生じるので、好ましい。好ましいピンは、気体出口導管中で固定され、軸の１００％沿いに続くもので、ピンの下端でも有利に支持できる。更に好ましくは、このように長いピンは、管状ハウジングの下の所まで延ばして、ハウジングから若干離れた所に下部支持体を配置する。このようなピンの長さは、軸の長さの２倍以下であってよい。中空のピンは、一層硬いので、好適に使用できる。 It has been found that it is preferable to use a minimum length pin that guides the vortex satisfactorily. The length (1) of the pin along the axis may be as long as possible. Applicants have found that the longer the pin length (1), the more advantageous is the separation efficiency. However, very long pins are subject to mechanical damage if not supported along their length. On the other hand, such a support in the tubular housing is not preferable because it adversely affects the separation efficiency. Thus, the maximum length is determined, for example, by the strength of the pin material, the vibration tendency, and the nature of the selected pin support. For this reason, pins extending from within the gas outlet conduit are preferred because they can be secured only within the gas outlet conduit, resulting in minimal disturbance to the vortex along the pin within the tubular housing. Preferred pins are fixed in the gas outlet conduit and continue along 100% of the axis and can be advantageously supported at the lower end of the pin. More preferably, such a long pin extends to the bottom of the tubular housing and places the lower support at some distance from the housing. The length of such a pin may be no more than twice the length of the shaft. The hollow pin is harder and can be suitably used.
ピンは、気体出口導管内に固定することが好ましい。ピンは、任意に、管状ハウジング中にも固定する。固定は、気体出口導管中に配置した羽根体により行うのが好ましい。この羽根体は、使用中、管状ハウジング（２）から気体出口導管中に排出される気体の渦巻運動を羽根体の下流で圧力増加に変換する。このような羽根体を備えた渦巻管分離器は、こうして圧力降下を低減する。 The pin is preferably secured within the gas outlet conduit. The pin is optionally also fixed in the tubular housing. Fixing is preferably carried out by means of blades arranged in the gas outlet conduit. In use, this vane transforms the swirling movement of the gas discharged from the tubular housing (2) into the gas outlet conduit into a pressure increase downstream of the vane. A spiral tube separator with such a vane thus reduces the pressure drop.
ピンは、好ましくは軸の少なくとも２０％、更に好ましくは少なくとも３０％に沿って続く。ピンは、軸の１００％以下続いてよい。軸は、気体出口導管の入口開口部から管状ハウジングの反対端部までと定義する。ここで、管状ハウジングとは、一定の直径を有する部分を意味し、したがって、先細り部分があれば、これを除外する。更に、反対端部は、逆流渦巻管の場合は固体出口開口部か、或いは並流渦巻管用の気体−固体入口開口部のいずれかである。ピンは、軸自体より長くてもよい。長さは、ピンの振動を最小限にするために、その上端で限定してよい。或いはピンは、振動を避けるように固定する必要がある。 The pin preferably continues along at least 20% of the axis, more preferably at least 30%. The pin may last up to 100% of the axis. The axis is defined as from the inlet opening of the gas outlet conduit to the opposite end of the tubular housing. Here, the tubular housing means a portion having a certain diameter, and therefore, if there is a tapered portion, this is excluded. Further, the opposite end is either a solid outlet opening in the case of a countercurrent swirl tube or a gas-solid inlet opening for a cocurrent swirl tube. The pin may be longer than the shaft itself. The length may be limited at its upper end to minimize pin vibration. Alternatively, the pin needs to be fixed to avoid vibration.
渦巻管の軸方向入口は、管状ハウジング中で、十分な渦巻運動を行って、遠心力により気体から固体を分離するような渦巻付与手段を備える。
軸方向入口は、例えば気体出口導管の位置に応じて、管状設計又は環状設計であってよい。渦巻管分離器が並流型ならば、気体出口導管は、気体−固体入口に対し、管状ハウジングの反対端部に配置する。この場合、気体固体入口は、ハウジングと同軸方向に配置すると共に、渦巻付与手段を備えた中心配置の導管であることが好ましい。前記定義した軸は、渦巻付与手段から気体出口導管の気体入口開口部まで続く。
The axial inlet of the swirl tube is provided with swirl imparting means that performs a sufficient swirl motion in the tubular housing to separate the solid from the gas by centrifugal force.
The axial inlet may be a tubular design or an annular design, for example depending on the location of the gas outlet conduit. If the vortex tube separator is cocurrent, the gas outlet conduit is located at the opposite end of the tubular housing relative to the gas-solid inlet. In this case, it is preferable that the gas solid inlet is a centrally arranged conduit which is arranged coaxially with the housing and which is provided with a spiraling means. Said defined axis continues from the vortexing means to the gas inlet opening of the gas outlet conduit.
気体出口導管が、管状ハウジングの気体固体入口と同じ端部に配置されていれば、気体固体入口は、気体出口導管とハウジングの壁との間の環状空間に配置するのが好ましい。このような渦巻管は、逆流型とも言われている。軸方向気体固体混合物入口は、管状ハウジングの一端部に配置し、一方、固体出口は、好ましくはハウジングの反対側に配置する。固体出口開口部は、気体出口導管に対し、管状ハウジングの反対側に配置するが好ましい。管状ハウジングは、任意に、端部が一層小さい固体出口開口部となる先細り部分内まで延ばすことができる。 If the gas outlet conduit is located at the same end as the gas solid inlet of the tubular housing, the gas solid inlet is preferably located in the annular space between the gas outlet conduit and the wall of the housing. Such a spiral tube is also called a reverse flow type. The axial gas solid mixture inlet is located at one end of the tubular housing, while the solid outlet is preferably located on the opposite side of the housing. The solid outlet opening is preferably located on the opposite side of the tubular housing relative to the gas outlet conduit. The tubular housing can optionally extend into a tapered portion where the end becomes a smaller solid outlet opening.
気体出口を気体−固体入口と同じ端部に配置すれば（逆流渦巻管）、固体出口の設計は、反対端部が開いた管状ハウジングにより簡単に提供できる。並流型分離器の固体出口は、好適には、中心配置の気体出口導管と、例えばＵＳ−Ａ−５６９０７０９に記載されるような前記ハウジングの壁との間の空間に配置できる。 If the gas outlet is located at the same end as the gas-solid inlet (backflow spiral tube), the solid outlet design can be simply provided by a tubular housing with the opposite end open. The solid outlet of the co-current separator can preferably be arranged in the space between the centrally arranged gas outlet conduit and the wall of the housing as described for example in US Pat. No. 5,690,709.
本発明は、特に、両方とも管状ハウジングの同じ端部に配置した軸方向気体−固体入口及び気体出口導管を有する、渦巻管設計の渦巻管分離器に向けたものである。固体出口は、好ましくは反対端部が開いた管状ハウジングにより供与される。本発明は、気体出口及び固体出口を管状ハウジングの同じ端部、したがって、入口に対し反対端部に配置した場合にも向けたものである。前記固体出口開口部には、板又はその他の妨害物を配置しないのが好ましい。 The present invention is particularly directed to a swirl tube separator of swirl tube design, both having an axial gas-solid inlet and a gas outlet conduit disposed at the same end of the tubular housing. The solid outlet is preferably provided by a tubular housing open at the opposite end. The present invention is also directed to the case where the gas outlet and the solid outlet are arranged at the same end of the tubular housing and thus at the opposite end relative to the inlet. It is preferred that no plate or other obstruction be placed in the solid outlet opening.
渦巻管の大きさ、例えば気体／固体入口、気体出口及び管状ハウジングの大きさの殆どは従来通りである。本発明による渦巻管分離器の好ましい大きさを以下に示す。渦巻管分離器の管状ハウジングの内径（ｄ２）は、０．１５〜１．５ｍの範囲であってよい。気流から直径１＊１０−６ｍ〜４０＊１０−６ｍの範囲の固体を分離するのに渦巻管分離器を用いる場合、この直径（ｄ２）は、好ましくは０．１５〜０．３ｍの範囲である。これより大きい１．５ｍまでの範囲の直径は、ＵＳ−Ａ−５３２８５９２に記載されるようなＦＣＣ配置構成に使用される渦巻管に利用できる。 Most of the size of the spiral tube, for example the size of the gas / solid inlet, the gas outlet and the tubular housing are conventional. Preferred sizes of the spiral tube separator according to the present invention are shown below. The inner diameter (d2) of the tubular housing of the spiral tube separator may be in the range of 0.15 to 1.5 m. When a swirl tube separator is used to separate solids in the range from 1 * 10 −6 m to 40 * 10 −6 m in diameter from the air stream, this diameter (d2) is preferably between 0.15 and 0.3 m It is a range. Larger diameters in the range up to 1.5 m are available for spiral tubes used in FCC arrangements as described in US-A-5328592.
管状ハウジングの下端部と気体出口導管の入口との距離（ｄ３）は、軸とも言われ、なお一層最適の分離効率を得るための重要な設計パラメーターであることが見い出された。ｄ３／ｄ２比は、好ましくは１．５〜５の範囲、更に好ましくは２〜５の範囲、なお更に好ましくは２．５〜４の範囲である。距離ｄ３がこれより長いと、渦が安定化しなくなる恐れがあり、一方、これより距離が短いと、分離効率が低下する恐れがある。 The distance (d3) between the lower end of the tubular housing and the inlet of the gas outlet conduit, also referred to as the axis, has been found to be an important design parameter for obtaining even more optimal separation efficiency. The d3 / d2 ratio is preferably in the range of 1.5-5, more preferably in the range of 2-5, still more preferably in the range of 2.5-4. If the distance d3 is longer than this, the vortex may not be stabilized. On the other hand, if the distance d3 is shorter than this, the separation efficiency may be lowered.
気体出口導管の入口の直径（ｄ４）は、好ましくは０．３＊ｄ２〜０．６＊ｄ２の範囲である。
本発明の渦巻管分離器は、各種の気体−固体分離に好適に使用できる。特に、１容量当りの固体放出量が少ないことを必要とする場合に分離器を使用するのが有利かも知れない。本発明の分離器は、気流から直径１＊１０−６ｍ〜４０＊１０−６ｍの範囲の固体を分離するのに、有利に使用される。気流中の固体含有量は、通常、１００〜５００ｍｇ／Ｎｍ３の範囲である。この改良分離器から出る浄化気体の放出水準は、５０ｍｇ／Ｎｍ３未満、更には３０ｍｇ／Ｎｍ３未満の可能性がある。
The gas outlet conduit inlet diameter (d4) is preferably in the range of 0.3 * d2~0.6 * d2.
The spiral tube separator of the present invention can be suitably used for various gas-solid separations. In particular, it may be advantageous to use a separator when it is necessary to reduce the amount of solids released per volume. Separator of the present invention, to separate the diameter 1 * 10 -6 m~40 * 10 -6 m in the range of the solid from the airflow, are advantageously used. The solid content in the airflow is usually in the range of 100 to 500 mg / Nm 3 . The emission level of the purge gas exiting this improved separator can be less than 50 mg / Nm 3 or even less than 30 mg / Nm 3 .
また本発明は、前記本発明のサイクロン式分離器を多数備えた改良第三段階分離器にも関する。このサイクロン式分離器の管は、並列で操作し、圧力容器中の２つの管シート間に取付ける。前述のようにピンを加えることにより、改造できる従来の第三段階分離器の例は、ＵＳ−Ａ−３５４１７６６、ＵＳ−Ａ−５６９０７０９、ＵＳ−Ａ−５３７２７０７、ＵＳ−Ａ−５５１４２７１及びＵＳ−Ａ−６１７４３３９に記載されている。これら渦巻管の軸方向気体入口は、管シート間の気体−固体入口空間と流動可能に接続し、同様に該空間は、第三段階分離器の気体−固体入口と流動可能に接続している。異なる渦巻管のハウジングの開放底端部は、圧力容器底部の捕獲室とも呼ばれる固体収集空間と流動可能に接続している。捕獲室は、更に固体出口を備える。気体出口導管は、清浄気体収集空間と流動可能に接続し、同様に該空間は、第三段階分離器の清浄ガス出口と流動可能に接続している。 The present invention also relates to an improved third stage separator having a large number of the cyclonic separators of the present invention. The tubes of this cyclonic separator operate in parallel and are mounted between two tube sheets in a pressure vessel. Examples of conventional third stage separators that can be modified by adding pins as described above are US-A-3541766, US-A-5690709, US-A-5372707, US-A-5514271 and US-A. -6174339. The axial gas inlets of these spiral tubes are fluidly connected to the gas-solid inlet space between the tube sheets, and similarly the space is fluidly connected to the gas-solid inlet of the third stage separator. . The open bottom end of the housing of the different spiral tube is fluidly connected to a solid collection space, also called a trapping chamber at the bottom of the pressure vessel. The capture chamber further comprises a solid outlet. The gas outlet conduit is flowably connected to the clean gas collection space, and similarly the space is flowably connected to the clean gas outlet of the third stage separator.
第三段階分離器に存在する渦巻管分離器ユニットの数は、原料の流速に依存する。通常、１つの圧力容器には、１〜２００の渦巻管分離ユニットが存在する。
管状ハウジングは、垂直でも、傾斜しても、或いは水平でさえ配置できる。ハウジングが垂直、又は０〜９０°の角度で配置されている場合、固体出口は、管状ハウジングの下端部に配置するのが好ましい。
The number of spiral tube separator units present in the third stage separator depends on the feed flow rate. Usually, there are 1 to 200 spiral tube separation units in one pressure vessel.
The tubular housing can be arranged vertically, inclined or even horizontal. If the housing is arranged vertically or at an angle of 0-90 °, the solid outlet is preferably located at the lower end of the tubular housing.
図面の簡単な説明
本発明を図１〜６により例示する。
図１は、従来の渦巻管分離器である。
図２は、気体出口導管から延びるピンを有する本発明の逆流渦巻管分離器である。
図３は、固体出口開口部から延びるピンを有する本発明の逆流渦巻管分離器である。
図４は、ピンが全軸沿いに存在する本発明の逆流渦巻管分離器である。
図５は、ピンが軸の全長沿いに存在する並流渦巻管分離器である。
図６は、本発明の渦巻管分離器を多数備えた容器を示す。
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention is illustrated by FIGS.
FIG. 1 shows a conventional spiral tube separator.
FIG. 2 is a countercurrent swirl tube separator of the present invention having a pin extending from a gas outlet conduit.
FIG. 3 is a reverse flow swirl tube separator of the present invention having a pin extending from the solid outlet opening.
FIG. 4 is the reverse flow spiral tube separator of the present invention where the pins are along all axes.
FIG. 5 is a co-current spiral tube separator where the pins are along the entire length of the shaft.
FIG. 6 shows a container with a number of spiral tube separators of the present invention.
図面の詳細な説明
図１は、管状ハウジング１；気体−固体入口開口部９；管状ハウジング１と気体出口導管４間の環状空間内に設けた渦巻付与手段１０；からなる従来の軸方向渦巻管を示す。管状ハウジング１は、円錐台形部分８に接続し、台形部分は、固体出口開口部３で終る。気体出口導管は、気体入口開口部７を備える。軸５上には、渦安定器板１２及び渦安定器ピン１１が存在する。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 shows a conventional axial swirl tube comprising a tubular housing 1; a gas-solid inlet opening 9; a swirl imparting means 10 provided in an annular space between the tubular housing 1 and the gas outlet conduit 4. Indicates. The tubular housing 1 is connected to a frustoconical part 8, which ends in a solid outlet opening 3. The gas outlet conduit comprises a gas inlet opening 7. On the shaft 5 there are vortex stabilizer plates 12 and vortex stabilizer pins 11.
図２は、図１と同様な逆流渦巻管分離器を示すが、この分離器では、気体入口開口部７から固体出口開口部３に至る軸５沿いに渦延長器ピン６が存在する。このピン６は、渦巻体１３により気体出口導管４内に固定されている。渦巻体１３は、使用中、気体出口管４内を流れる気体の渦運動を低減するような物である。好ましくは、渦巻体は、気体出口管４から気体入口開口部７の下の所まで若干の距離、延びている（図示せず）。更に好ましくは、出口管４から、渦巻体１３の長さの７５％未満、延びている。その他の符号は、図１と同じ意味を有する。 FIG. 2 shows a countercurrent swirl tube separator similar to FIG. 1, but in this separator there is a vortex extender pin 6 along the axis 5 from the gas inlet opening 7 to the solid outlet opening 3. The pin 6 is fixed in the gas outlet conduit 4 by a spiral body 13. The spiral body 13 is a thing which reduces the eddy motion of the gas which flows through the inside of the gas outlet pipe 4 in use. Preferably, the spiral extends a small distance from the gas outlet tube 4 to below the gas inlet opening 7 (not shown). More preferably, the outlet pipe 4 extends less than 75% of the length of the spiral body 13. The other symbols have the same meaning as in FIG.
図３は、固体出口開口部３に渦延長器ピン６を設けた他は、図２と同様な逆流渦巻管分離器を示す。更に、円錐台形部分８は存在しない。ピン６は、固定棒１４により固定されている。固定棒１４は、この位置で生じる可能性がある固体及び気体の回転流に影響を与えないように設計することが好ましい。その他の符号は、図１と同じ意味を有する。 FIG. 3 shows a reverse flow swirl tube separator similar to FIG. 2 except that a vortex extender pin 6 is provided in the solid outlet opening 3. Furthermore, there is no frustoconical portion 8. The pin 6 is fixed by a fixing rod 14. Fixing bar 14 is preferably designed so as not to affect the solid and gaseous rotational flow that may occur at this location. The other symbols have the same meaning as in FIG.
図４は、軸の全長沿いにピン６が存在する図３と同様な逆流渦巻管分離器である。このピンは、気体出口導管４により固定されている。ピン６の下端には、小さい平行板１５が存在してもよい。ピン６は、かなりの距離、好ましくは気体入口開口部７の下の軸の８０％より大きい距離まで延びているので、長い渦が生じる。このような長い渦を所定の位置に置くため、前述のような板を使用してよい。このような板１５は、管状ハウジングから排出される固体を撹乱させないため、小さくしてある。その他の符号は、図１と同じ意味を有する。 FIG. 4 is a countercurrent swirl tube separator similar to FIG. 3 in which pins 6 are present along the entire length of the shaft. This pin is fixed by a gas outlet conduit 4. A small parallel plate 15 may exist at the lower end of the pin 6. Since the pin 6 extends a considerable distance, preferably greater than 80% of the axis below the gas inlet opening 7, a long vortex is created. In order to place such a long vortex in place, a plate as described above may be used. Such a plate 15 is made small in order not to disturb the solid discharged from the tubular housing. The other symbols have the same meaning as in FIG.
図５は、管状ハウジング１の一端部に気体−固体入口９を配置し、管状ハウジング１の他端部に、固体３及び気体出口導管４を配置した並流渦巻管分離器である。気体−固体入口開口部９には、渦巻付与手段１０が存在する。図示するように、これらの手段１０は、複数の羽根を載せた中心体で構成してよい。固体出口開口部３は、管状ハウジング１と気体出口導管４との間の環状空間により形成される。ピン６は、両渦巻手段１０の所で、気体出口導管４内の渦巻手段１３により固定されている。この２重固定は、ピンの振動を制限するのに有利である。好ましくは、渦巻体は、気体出口管４から気体入口開口部７上の所まで（図示せず）若干の距離、延びている。更に好ましくは、渦巻体１３の長さの７５％未満が、出口管４から延びている。 FIG. 5 shows a co-current spiral tube separator in which a gas-solid inlet 9 is disposed at one end of the tubular housing 1 and a solid 3 and a gas outlet conduit 4 are disposed at the other end of the tubular housing 1. The gas-solid inlet opening 9 has a vortex imparting means 10. As shown in the figure, these means 10 may be constituted by a central body on which a plurality of blades are placed. The solid outlet opening 3 is formed by an annular space between the tubular housing 1 and the gas outlet conduit 4. The pin 6 is fixed by the spiral means 13 in the gas outlet conduit 4 at both spiral means 10. This double fixing is advantageous for limiting the vibration of the pin. Preferably, the spiral extends a small distance (not shown) from the gas outlet tube 4 to a location on the gas inlet opening 7. More preferably, less than 75% of the length of the spiral 13 extends from the outlet tube 4.
図１〜５のいずれか１つに示した特徴は、このような特徴を持たない例示の渦巻管に使用できることは明らかである。例えば図４の渦巻管は、図２の渦巻手段１３も備えてよい。 It should be apparent that the features shown in any one of FIGS. 1-5 can be used in an exemplary spiral tube that does not have such features. For example, the spiral tube of FIG. 4 may also include the spiral means 13 of FIG.
図６は、本発明の渦巻管分離器１７を多数備えた容器１６を示す。この容器は、気体−固体入口導管１８を備え、気体−固体入口導管１８は、空間１９と流動可能に接続し、また空間１９は、管シート２０及び２１により容器の残部から閉じている。この空間１９は、渦巻管分離器１７の個々の気体−固体入口開口部９と流動可能に接続している。気体出口導管４は、気体出口収集空間２２と流動可能に接続し、また固体出口開口部は、固体収集空間２３と流動可能に接続している。気体出口収集空間は、気体出口２４に接続し、また固体収集空間２３は、固体出口２５に接続している。 FIG. 6 shows a container 16 provided with a number of spiral tube separators 17 of the present invention. The container comprises a gas-solid inlet conduit 18 that is fluidly connected to a space 19 that is closed from the remainder of the container by tube sheets 20 and 21. This space 19 is fluidly connected to the individual gas-solid inlet openings 9 of the spiral tube separator 17. The gas outlet conduit 4 is fluidly connected to the gas outlet collection space 22 and the solid outlet opening is fluidly connected to the solid collection space 23. The gas outlet collection space is connected to the gas outlet 24, and the solid collection space 23 is connected to the solid outlet 25.
１ 管状ハウジング
３ 固体出口開口部
４ 気体出口導管
５ 軸
６ 渦延長器ピン
７ 気体入口開口部
８ 円錐台形部分
９ 気体固体入口開口部
１０ 渦巻付与手段
１１ 渦安定器ピン
１２ 渦安定器板
１３ 渦巻体
１４ 固定棒
１５ 小平行板
１６ 容器
１７ 渦巻管分離器
１８ 気体−固体入口導管
１９ 空間
２０ 管シート
２１ 管シート
２２ 気体出口収集空間
２３ 固体収集空間
２４ 気体出口
２５ 固体出口
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Tubular housing 3 Solid outlet opening 4 Gas outlet conduit 5 Axis 6 Vortex extender pin 7 Gas inlet opening 8 Frustum-shaped part 9 Gas solid inlet opening 10 Vortex imparting means 11 Vortex stabilizer pin 12 Vortex stabilizer plate 13 Vortex Body 14 Fixing bar 15 Small parallel plate 16 Container 17 Swirl tube separator 18 Gas-solid inlet conduit 19 Space 20 Tube sheet 21 Tube sheet 22 Gas outlet collection space 23 Solid collection space 24 Gas outlet 25 Solid outlet
Claims (9)
The solids content of 100 to 500 mg / Nm 3 solids loading gas from the gaseous mixture is separated, in a multi separator according to swirl tube separators or claim 8 as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7 To obtain a gaseous stream containing less than 50 mg solids per Nm 3 .
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP02077964 | 2002-07-19 | ||
| PCT/US2003/022294 WO2004009244A2 (en) | 2002-07-19 | 2003-07-17 | Cyclone separator with a vortex extender pin |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2006515533A true JP2006515533A (en) | 2006-06-01 |
| JP2006515533A5 JP2006515533A5 (en) | 2010-01-07 |
Family
ID=30470294
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004523480A Pending JP2006515533A (en) | 2002-07-19 | 2003-07-17 | Swirl tube separator |
Country Status (13)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1534437B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2006515533A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN100415381C (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE372831T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2003256582B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR0312777A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2498522A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE60316306T2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2293034T3 (en) |
| MX (1) | MXPA05000719A (en) |
| PT (1) | PT1534437E (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2326717C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2004009244A2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20230013527A (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2023-01-26 | 한국해양대학교 산학협력단 | Variable geometry hydrocyclone for contaminated water treatment with multiple inlets and vortex induction device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100408195C (en) * | 2006-04-03 | 2008-08-06 | 西安交通大学 | Cyclone separator with stabilized vortex |
| RU2326740C1 (en) * | 2006-08-14 | 2008-06-20 | Виктор Иванович Кузнецов | Separator |
| AU2007285741A1 (en) | 2006-08-18 | 2008-02-21 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Process to separate particles from a particles-containing gas stream |
| EP2164641A1 (en) * | 2007-06-01 | 2010-03-24 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Gas-solids separator |
| CA2895242C (en) | 2013-01-09 | 2019-03-19 | Fmc Separation Systems, Bv | Gas desander |
| EP3265205A1 (en) * | 2015-03-03 | 2018-01-10 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Improved swirl tube separators |
| CN109351491A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2019-02-19 | 湖南天际智慧材料科技有限公司 | A kind of turbine separates and collects the device of nanometer powder and is made from it powder manufacturing apparatus |
| CN109550318B (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2023-11-17 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Gas-liquid separator and separation method thereof |
| IL294428A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2022-09-01 | Ravands Controls LLP | Cyclone filter |
| CN112371358B (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2021-06-11 | 东北石油大学 | Outflow direction and multiphase product adjustable cyclone separation device |
| EP4268967A1 (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2023-11-01 | ESTA Apparatebau GmbH & Co. KG | Cyclone separator for separating solids from a process stream |
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- 2003-07-17 ES ES03765636T patent/ES2293034T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-07-17 AT AT03765636T patent/ATE372831T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-07-17 EP EP03765636A patent/EP1534437B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-07-17 PT PT03765636T patent/PT1534437E/en unknown
- 2003-07-17 BR BR0312777-0A patent/BR0312777A/en active Search and Examination
- 2003-07-17 CN CNB038172763A patent/CN100415381C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-07-17 CA CA002498522A patent/CA2498522A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-07-17 MX MXPA05000719A patent/MXPA05000719A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2003-07-17 DE DE60316306T patent/DE60316306T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| JPS55142556A (en) * | 1979-04-26 | 1980-11-07 | Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd | Multiple annular type axial-flow cyclone |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| KR20230013527A (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2023-01-26 | 한국해양대학교 산학협력단 | Variable geometry hydrocyclone for contaminated water treatment with multiple inlets and vortex induction device |
| KR102508627B1 (en) | 2021-07-19 | 2023-03-09 | 한국해양대학교 산학협력단 | Variable geometry hydrocyclone for contaminated water treatment with multiple inlets and vortex induction device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2293034T3 (en) | 2008-03-16 |
| AU2003256582A1 (en) | 2004-02-09 |
| CN100415381C (en) | 2008-09-03 |
| PT1534437E (en) | 2007-12-18 |
| RU2005104559A (en) | 2005-08-10 |
| DE60316306T2 (en) | 2008-06-12 |
| MXPA05000719A (en) | 2005-04-08 |
| ATE372831T1 (en) | 2007-09-15 |
| CA2498522A1 (en) | 2004-01-29 |
| EP1534437A2 (en) | 2005-06-01 |
| EP1534437B1 (en) | 2007-09-12 |
| WO2004009244A3 (en) | 2004-06-10 |
| CN1668380A (en) | 2005-09-14 |
| RU2326717C2 (en) | 2008-06-20 |
| AU2003256582B2 (en) | 2006-10-19 |
| BR0312777A (en) | 2005-05-03 |
| DE60316306D1 (en) | 2007-10-25 |
| WO2004009244A2 (en) | 2004-01-29 |
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